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University of Salford Accomplishing social work identity in interprofessional mental health teams following the implementation of the Mental Health Act 2007 Lisa Morriss Thesis submitted in candidacy for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Salford Department of Social Work School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work 2014 Table of Contents List of tables ............................................................................................................. viii Acknowledgements .................................................................................................... ix List of abbreviations .................................................................................................... x Abstract ..................................................................................................................... xi Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1 Objectives of the research ........................................................................................... 4 1 A Natural History Approach to the Methodology Chapter ................................... 5 1.1 A Natural History Approach .............................................................................. 5 1.2 Being a mental health social worker ................................................................. 5 1.3 Interviews: “semi-structured?” ......................................................................... 6 1.4 The literature review......................................................................................... 8 1.5 Narrative interviewing and social work ............................................................ 8 1.6 Narrative research: An overview ...................................................................... 9 1.6.1 The thematic approach ......................................................................... 10 1.6.2 The structural approach ........................................................................ 10 1.6.3 The dialogical approach ......................................................................... 11 1.7 Narrative and identity: Elliot Mishler and Catherine Kohler Riessman .......... 12 1.7.1 The contribution of Elliot Mishler ......................................................... 12 1.7.2 The contribution of Catherine Kohler Riessman ................................... 13 1.8 The process of ethical approval ...................................................................... 14 1.9 Access .............................................................................................................. 15 1.10 Recruiting social workers ................................................................................ 15 1.11 Ethical (re)approval ......................................................................................... 16 1.12 Consent ........................................................................................................... 16 1.13 The interviews ................................................................................................. 17 1.14 Transcription and stories ................................................................................ 18 1.15 Ethnomethodology ......................................................................................... 19 1.15.1 An emphasis on interaction practices ................................................... 21 1.15.2 Ethnomethodology and identity ........................................................... 21 ii 1.15.3 The notion of member........................................................................... 22 1.15.4 ‘She’s such a social worker’ and ‘she’s so not a social worker’ ............ 23 1.15.5 Institutional talk ..................................................................................... 24 1.15.6 Unique adequacy ................................................................................... 26 1.15.7 The documentary method of interpretation ......................................... 29 1.15.8 Indexicality ............................................................................................. 31 1.15.9 Naturally occurring data? Ethnomethodology and interviews ............. 32 1.16 Respecifying my research question ................................................................ 33 1.17 Managing familiarity ....................................................................................... 35 1.18 Going native? A native becoming marginal .................................................... 36 1.19 My ‘dirty secret’ .............................................................................................. 36 1.20 The value of ethnomethodology for social work ............................................ 39 1.21 The process of data analysis ........................................................................... 40 1.22 Ordering the thesis and writing up ................................................................. 40 1.22.1 Writing: Ethnomethodological or Ethnographic? ................................. 41 1.22.2 Common-sense knowledge as an inevitable resource .......................... 42 1.23 Quality in qualitative research ........................................................................ 42 1.23.1 Quality and the narrative approach ...................................................... 46 1.23.2 Quality and Ethnomethodology ............................................................ 47 1.23.3 Assessing the quality of my work .......................................................... 47 1.24 Conclusion to chapter ..................................................................................... 48 2 A review of the literature using qualitative narrative synthesis ......................... 49 2.1 The aim of the literature review ..................................................................... 49 2.2 Systematic reviews and qualitative synthesis ................................................. 49 2.3 The process of the qualitative synthesis ......................................................... 50 2.3.1 Research protocol .................................................................................. 50 2.3.2 Research protocol after scoping ............................................................ 51 2.4 The literature search ....................................................................................... 51 2.4.1 Stage 1: Initial search ............................................................................. 51 2.4.2 Stage 2: Review of full-text articles ....................................................... 52 2.4.3 Stage 3: Data extraction from full-text articles ..................................... 53 2.5 Assessment of quality and relevance ............................................................. 56 2.6 The qualitative synthesis: themes found ........................................................ 59 iii 2.6.1 Overview ................................................................................................ 59 2.6.2 Social work identity ............................................................................... 59 2.6.3 Social work values and the social model ............................................... 61 2.6.4 Social work culture ................................................................................ 62 2.6.5 The impact of policy and legislation ...................................................... 63 2.6.6 Emotional impact................................................................................... 64 2.6.7 The social work role ............................................................................... 66 2.6.8 Education and training .......................................................................... 69 2.6.9 Management and supervision ............................................................... 69 2.6.10 Relationship between social workers and service users ....................... 70 2.6.11 Bureaucracy ........................................................................................... 71 2.7 A critique of systematic reviews ..................................................................... 72 2.8 The value of the systematic review ................................................................ 72 2.9 Conclusion to the literature review ................................................................ 73 Introduction to the Findings Chapters ........................................................................ 74 Part One: Being a Social Worker ................................................................................ 75 3 Real social work ............................................................................................... 77 3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................... 77 3.2 The ‘rubbish’ and the ‘treasured’ ................................................................... 77 3.3 The intangibility of social work ....................................................................... 90 3.4 Social work as intrinsic to the self ................................................................... 95 3.4.1 Becoming a social worker ...................................................................... 96 3.4.2 The importance of key people ............................................................... 98 3.4.3 Students as marginal natives ..............................................................
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