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KAREN J. MEECH February 7, 2019 Astronomer
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH – KAREN J. MEECH February 7, 2019 Astronomer Institute for Astronomy Tel: 1-808-956-6828 2680 Woodlawn Drive Fax: 1-808-956-4532 Honolulu, HI 96822-1839 [email protected] PROFESSIONAL PREPARATION Rice University Space Physics B.A. 1981 Massachusetts Institute of Tech. Planetary Astronomy Ph.D. 1987 APPOINTMENTS 2018 – present Graduate Chair 2000 – present Astronomer, Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii 1992-2000 Associate Astronomer, Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii 1987-1992 Assistant Astronomer, Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii 1982-1987 Graduate Research & Teaching Assistant, Massachusetts Inst. Tech. 1981-1982 Research Specialist, AAVSO and Massachusetts Institute of Technology AWARDS 2018 ARCs Scientist of the Year 2015 University of Hawai’i Regent’s Medal for Research Excellence 2013 Director’s Research Excellence Award 2011 NASA Group Achievement Award for the EPOXI Project Team 2011 NASA Group Achievement Award for EPOXI & Stardust-NExT Missions 2009 William Tylor Olcott Distinguished Service Award of the American Association of Variable Star Observers 2006-8 National Academy of Science/Kavli Foundation Fellow 2005 NASA Group Achievement Award for the Stardust Flight Team 1996 Asteroid 4367 named Meech 1994 American Astronomical Society / DPS Harold C. Urey Prize 1988 Annie Jump Cannon Award 1981 Heaps Physics Prize RESEARCH FIELD AND ACTIVITIES • Developed a Discovery mission concept to explore the origin of Earth’s water. • Co-Investigator on the Deep Impact, Stardust-NeXT and EPOXI missions, leading the Earth-based observing campaigns for all three. • Leads the UH Astrobiology Research interdisciplinary program, overseeing ~30 postdocs and coordinating the research with ~20 local faculty and international partners. -
Comet Section Observing Guide
Comet Section Observing Guide 1 The British Astronomical Association Comet Section www.britastro.org/comet BAA Comet Section Observing Guide Front cover image: C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp) by Geoffrey Johnstone on 1997 April 10. Back cover image: C/2011 W3 (Lovejoy) by Lester Barnes on 2011 December 23. © The British Astronomical Association 2018 2018 December (rev 4) 2 CONTENTS 1 Foreword .................................................................................................................................. 6 2 An introduction to comets ......................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Anatomy and origins ............................................................................................................................ 7 2.2 Naming .............................................................................................................................................. 12 2.3 Comet orbits ...................................................................................................................................... 13 2.4 Orbit evolution .................................................................................................................................... 15 2.5 Magnitudes ........................................................................................................................................ 18 3 Basic visual observation ........................................................................................................ -
Molecular Reconnaissance of the $\Beta $ Pictoris Gas Disk with The
Draft version January 15, 2018 Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX61 MOLECULAR RECONNAISSANCE OF THE β PICTORIS GAS DISK WITH THE SMA: A LOW HCN/(CO+CO2) OUTGASSING RATIO AND PREDICTIONS FOR FUTURE SURVEYS L. Matra`,1, ∗ D. J. Wilner,1 K. I. Oberg,¨ 1 S. M. Andrews,1 R. A. Loomis,1 M. C. Wyatt,2 and W. R. F. Dent3 1Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 2Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK 3ALMA Santiago Central Offices, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile (Received 2017 September 13; Revised 2017 December 20; Accepted 2017 December 24) ABSTRACT The exocometary origin of CO gas has been confirmed in several extrasolar Kuiper belts, with CO ice abundances consistent with Solar System comets. We here present a molecular survey of the β Pictoris belt with the Submillimeter + + Array (SMA), reporting upper limits for CN, HCN, HCO ,N2H and H2CO, as well as for H2S, CH3OH, SiO and DCN from archival ALMA data. Non-detections can be attributed to rapid molecular photodissociation due to the A- star's strong UV flux. CN is the longest-lasting and most easily detectable molecule after CO in this environment. We update our NLTE excitation model to include UV fluorescence, finding it plays a key role in CO and CN excitation, and use it to turn the SMA CN/CO flux ratio constraint into an upper limit of < 2:5% on the HCN/(CO+CO2) ratio of outgassing rates. This value is consistent with, but at the low end of, the broad range observed in Solar System comets. -
Information Bulletin on Variable Stars
COMMISSIONS AND OF THE I A U INFORMATION BULLETIN ON VARIABLE STARS Nos November July EDITORS L SZABADOS K OLAH TECHNICAL EDITOR A HOLL TYPESETTING K ORI ADMINISTRATION Zs KOVARI EDITORIAL BOARD L A BALONA M BREGER E BUDDING M deGROOT E GUINAN D S HALL P HARMANEC M JERZYKIEWICZ K C LEUNG M RODONO N N SAMUS J SMAK C STERKEN Chair H BUDAPEST XI I Box HUNGARY URL httpwwwkonkolyhuIBVSIBVShtml HU ISSN COPYRIGHT NOTICE IBVS is published on b ehalf of the th and nd Commissions of the IAU by the Konkoly Observatory Budap est Hungary Individual issues could b e downloaded for scientic and educational purp oses free of charge Bibliographic information of the recent issues could b e entered to indexing sys tems No IBVS issues may b e stored in a public retrieval system in any form or by any means electronic or otherwise without the prior written p ermission of the publishers Prior written p ermission of the publishers is required for entering IBVS issues to an electronic indexing or bibliographic system to o CONTENTS C STERKEN A JONES B VOS I ZEGELAAR AM van GENDEREN M de GROOT On the Cyclicity of the S Dor Phases in AG Carinae ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: : J BOROVICKA L SAROUNOVA The Period and Lightcurve of NSV ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::: W LILLER AF JONES A New Very Long Period Variable Star in Norma ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::: EA KARITSKAYA VP GORANSKIJ Unusual Fading of V Cygni Cyg X in Early November ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: -
VITA David Jewitt Address Dept. Earth, Planetary and Space
VITA David Jewitt Address Dept. Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, UCLA 595 Charles Young Drive East, Box 951567 Los Angeles, CA 90095-1567 [email protected], http://www2.ess.ucla.edu/~jewitt/ Education B. Sc. University College London 1979 M. S. California Institute of Technology 1980 Ph. D. California Institute of Technology 1983 Professional Experience Summer Student Royal Greenwich Observatory 1978 Anthony Fellowship California Institute of Technology 1979-1980 Research Assistant California Institute of Technology 1980-1983 Assistant Professor Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1983-1988 Associate Professor and Astronomer University of Hawaii 1988-1993 Professor and Astronomer University of Hawaii 1993-2009 Professor Dept. Earth, Planetary & Space Sciences, UCLA 2009- Inst. of Geophys & Planetary Physics, UCLA 2009-2011 Dept. Physics & Astronomy, UCLA 2010- Director Institute for Planets & Exoplanets, UCLA, 2011- Honors Regent's Medal, University of Hawaii 1994 Scientist of the Year, ARCS 1996 Exceptional Scientific Achievement Award, NASA 1996 Fellow of University College London 1998 Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 2005 Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science 2005 Member of the National Academy of Sciences 2005 National Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Honorary Professor 2006-2011 National Central University, Taiwan, Adjunct Professor 2007 The Shaw Prize for Astronomy 2012 The Kavli Prize for Astrophysics 2012 Foreign Member, Norwegian Academy of Sciences & Letters 2012 Research -
Sodium and Potassium Signatures Of
Sodium and Potassium Signatures of Volcanic Satellites Orbiting Close-in Gas Giant Exoplanets Apurva Oza, Robert Johnson, Emmanuel Lellouch, Carl Schmidt, Nick Schneider, Chenliang Huang, Diana Gamborino, Andrea Gebek, Aurelien Wyttenbach, Brice-Olivier Demory, et al. To cite this version: Apurva Oza, Robert Johnson, Emmanuel Lellouch, Carl Schmidt, Nick Schneider, et al.. Sodium and Potassium Signatures of Volcanic Satellites Orbiting Close-in Gas Giant Exoplanets. The Astro- physical Journal, American Astronomical Society, 2019, 885 (2), pp.168. 10.3847/1538-4357/ab40cc. hal-02417964 HAL Id: hal-02417964 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02417964 Submitted on 18 Dec 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. The Astrophysical Journal, 885:168 (19pp), 2019 November 10 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab40cc © 2019. The American Astronomical Society. Sodium and Potassium Signatures of Volcanic Satellites Orbiting Close-in Gas Giant Exoplanets Apurva V. Oza1 , Robert E. Johnson2,3 , Emmanuel Lellouch4 , Carl Schmidt5 , Nick Schneider6 , Chenliang Huang7 , Diana Gamborino1 , Andrea Gebek1,8 , Aurelien Wyttenbach9 , Brice-Olivier Demory10 , Christoph Mordasini1 , Prabal Saxena11, David Dubois12 , Arielle Moullet12, and Nicolas Thomas1 1 Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland; [email protected] 2 Engineering Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA 3 Physics, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA 4 LESIA–Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, UPMC Univ. -
PHYSICAL MECHANISM of COMET (AND ASTEROID) OUTBURSTS: the MOVIE William K
78th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society (2015) 5002.pdf PHYSICAL MECHANISM OF COMET (AND ASTEROID) OUTBURSTS: THE MOVIE William K. Hartman, Planetary Science Institute, 1700 E. Ft. Lowell Road, Tucson, AZ 85719 The asteroid-comet continuum has been observationally demonstrated since spectrometric work in the early 1980s [1,2]. Here I describe a mechanism explaining sporadic comet (and “as- teroid”) outbursts, illustrated by experiments conducted in 1976 at the NASA Ames Research Center=s Vertical Gun Facility (VGF). I studied low velocity impacts into simulated regolith powders and gravels, in order to examine physics of low-velocity collisions during early solar system planetesimal formation. In one Aaccidental@ experiment, the bucket of powder remained gas- charged during evacuation of the VGF vacuum chamber. The impactor, moving at 5.5 m/s, disturbed the surface, initiating an explosive eruption of the dust-charged gas, shooting in jets from multiple vents near the impact site at speeds up to about 3 m/s, with sporadic venting until 17 seconds after the impact. This experiment was described in [3], which concluded that it simulated comet eruption phenomena. In this hypothesis, a com- et nucleus develops a lag deposit of regolith, and as the body reaches a certain distance from the sun, the thermal wave pene- trates to an ice-rich depth, causing sublimation. Gas rises into the regolith pore spaces, and creates a gas-charged powder, as in our experiment. Any disturbance of the surface, such as a mete- oroid, initiates a temporary jet. In the absence of such a disturb- ance, the gas pressure becomes sufficient to blow off the over- burden and initiate widespread eruptions, as seen in Giotto imag- es of P/Halley. -
Herbig Ae/Be Stars the Missing Link in Star Formation
Herbig Ae/Be stars The missing link in star formation Program and Abstract Book Santiago, Chile, April 7-11, 2014 The ESO 2014 Herbig Ae/Be workshop will take place in commemoration of the life and works of George H. Herbig (January 2, 1920 – October 12, 2013). Program Monday, April 7 Time Speaker Title 08:30{08:40 W.J. de Wit Welcome 08:40{09:20 R. Waters Herbig Ae/Be stars in perspective \Overture": Star formation 09:20{10:00 K. Kratter Introduction to the theory of star formation 10:00{10:40 M. Beltran Observational perspective of the youngest phases of intermediate mass stars 10:40{11:10 Coffee Break SESSION 1: Inner disk - accretion tracers dynamics 11:10{11:50 S. Brittain High resolution spectroscopy and spectro-astrometry of HAeBes 11:50{12:10 J. Ilee Investigating inner gaseous discs around Herbig Ae/Be stars 12:10{12:30 J. Fairlamb Large Spectroscopic Investigation of Over 90 Herbig Ae/Be Objects with X-Shooter 12:30{12:50 Poster presentations (1st half) 12:50{14:30 Lunch 14:30{15:10 C. Dougados Accretion-ejection processes in Herbig Ae/Be stars 15:10{15:30 A. Aarnio Herbig Ae/Be spectral line variability 15:30{15:50 P. Abrah´am´ Time-variable phenomena in Herbig Ae/Be stars 15:50{16:10 Poster presentations (2nd half) 16:10{16:40 Poster session with tea 16:40{17:00 C. Schneider High energy emission from the HD 163296 jet: Clues to magnetic jet launching 17:00{17:20 I. -
Photometric and Spectroscopic Observations of (2060) Chiron at the ESO Very Large Telescope
A&A 400, 369–373 (2003) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20021890 & c ESO 2003 Astrophysics Photometric and spectroscopic observations of (2060) Chiron at the ESO Very Large Telescope J. Romon-Martin1, C. Delahodde2,M.A.Barucci1,C.deBergh1, and N. Peixinho1,3 1 Observatoire de Paris, Meudon, France 2 Institut d’Astrophysique de Marseille, France 3 Centro de Astronomia e Astrofisica da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal Received 7 June 2002 / Accepted 9 December 2002 Abstract. Photometric and spectroscopic observations of Centaur Chiron have been obtained at the ESO/Very Large Telescope (VLT), both in optical and near-infrared spectral ranges, on 12–14 June 2001. Photometric optical data reveal that Chiron had reached a high activity level at that time. No absorption feature could be seen on the spectra; especially, no water ice could be detected. Key words. comets: individual: Chiron – minor planets, asteroids – techniques: spectroscopic, photometric 1. Introduction Chiron has been determined by several authors, who obtained values close to 6 hrs. The variation in the amplitude of the Centaur (2060) Chiron was discovered in 1977 (Kowal et al. lightcurve, ranging from 0.04 to 0.09 magnitude, is related to 1977), and it was first classified as an asteroid. About ten years the cometary activity level (see e.g. Lazzaro et al. 1997). In later, Tholen et al. (1988) found non-asteroidal brightness vari- the following, we will use the rotational period determined by ations, and suggested that some kind of cometary activity may Marcialis & Buratti (1993): P = 5.917813 ± 0.000007 hrs. occur on Chiron. -
The Presence of Clathrates in Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko Adrienn Luspay-Kuti, Olivier Mousis, Myrtha Hässig, Stephen A
The presence of clathrates in comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko Adrienn Luspay-Kuti, Olivier Mousis, Myrtha Hässig, Stephen A. Fuselier, Jonathan I. Lunine, Bernard Marty, Kathleen E. Mandt, Peter Wurz, Martin Rubin To cite this version: Adrienn Luspay-Kuti, Olivier Mousis, Myrtha Hässig, Stephen A. Fuselier, Jonathan I. Lunine, et al.. The presence of clathrates in comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Science Advances , American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2016, 2 (4), 10.1126/sciadv.1501781. hal- 01440139 HAL Id: hal-01440139 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01440139 Submitted on 7 Jan 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial| 4.0 International License RESEARCH ARTICLE SPACE SCIENCES 2016 © The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. Distributed The presence of clathrates in comet under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC). 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko 10.1126/sciadv.1501781 Adrienn Luspay-Kuti,1* Olivier Mousis,2 Myrtha Hässig,1,3 Stephen A. Fuselier,1,4 Jonathan I. Lunine,5 Bernard Marty,6 Kathleen E. Mandt,1,4 Peter Wurz,3,7 Martin Rubin3 Cometary nuclei are considered to most closely reflect the composition of the building blocks of our solar system. -
Dust Phenomena Relating to Airless Bodies
Space Sci Rev (2018) 214:98 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-018-0527-0 Dust Phenomena Relating to Airless Bodies J.R. Szalay1 · A.R. Poppe2 · J. Agarwal3 · D. Britt4 · I. Belskaya5 · M. Horányi6 · T. Nakamura7 · M. Sachse8 · F. Spahn 8 Received: 8 August 2017 / Accepted: 10 July 2018 © Springer Nature B.V. 2018 Abstract Airless bodies are directly exposed to ambient plasma and meteoroid fluxes, mak- ing them characteristically different from bodies whose dense atmospheres protect their surfaces from such fluxes. Direct exposure to plasma and meteoroids has important con- sequences for the formation and evolution of planetary surfaces, including altering chemical makeup and optical properties, generating neutral gas and/or dust exospheres, and leading to the generation of circumplanetary and interplanetary dust grain populations. In the past two decades, there have been many advancements in our understanding of airless bodies and their interaction with various dust populations. In this paper, we describe relevant dust phenomena on the surface and in the vicinity of airless bodies over a broad range of scale sizes from ∼ 10−3 km to ∼ 103 km, with a focus on recent developments in this field. Keywords Dust · Airless bodies · Interplanetary dust Cosmic Dust from the Laboratory to the Stars Edited by Rafael Rodrigo, Jürgen Blum, Hsiang-Wen Hsu, Detlef Koschny, Anny-Chantal Levasseur-Regourd, Jesús Martín-Pintado, Veerle Sterken and Andrew Westphal B J.R. Szalay [email protected] A.R. Poppe [email protected] 1 Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA 2 Space Sciences Laboratory, U.C. Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA 3 Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Göttingen, Germany 4 University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA 5 Institute of Astronomy, V.N. -
Orbit Determination of Trans-Neptunian Objects and Centaurs for the Prediction of Stellar Occultations?,??
A&A 584, A96 (2015) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201526498 & c ESO 2015 Astrophysics Orbit determination of trans-Neptunian objects and Centaurs for the prediction of stellar occultations?;?? J. Desmars1;2, J. I. B. Camargo1;3, F. Braga-Ribas1;3;4, R. Vieira-Martins1;3;???, M. Assafin5, F. Vachier2, F. Colas2, J. L. Ortiz6, R. Duffard6, N. Morales6, B. Sicardy7, A. R. Gomes-Júnior5, and G. Benedetti-Rossi1 1 Observatório Nacional/MCTI, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, CEP 20921-400, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2 Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Éphémérides – Observatoire de Paris, UMR 8028 CNRS, 77 avenue Denfert-Rochereau, 75014 Paris, France e-mail: [email protected] 3 Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia – LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, CEP 20921-400, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 4 Federal University of Technology – Paraná (UTFPR / DAFIS), Rua Sete de Setembro, 3165, CEP 80230-901, Curitiba, PR, Brazil 5 Observatório do Valongo/UFRJ, Ladeira do Pedro Antônio 43, CEP 20080-090, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 6 Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, Apartado 3004, 18080 Granada, Spain 7 LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS UMR 8109, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris-Diderot, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon Cedex, France Received 8 May 2015 / Accepted 7 September 2015 ABSTRACT Context. The prediction of stellar occultations by trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) and Centaurs is a difficult challenge that requires accuracy both in the occulted star position and in the object ephemeris. Until now, the most used method of prediction, involving dozens of TNOs/Centaurs, has been to consider a constant offset for the right ascension and for the declination with respect to a reference ephemeris, usually the latest public version.