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Studi Kasus Perusahaan Keluarga Tjong Yong Hian) PERANAN BISNIS KELUARGA TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN (STUDI KASUS PERUSAHAAN KELUARGA TJONG YONG HIAN) DISERTASI Pin Pin 138122003 PROGRAM DOKTOR (S3) STUDI PEMBANGUNAN FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2018 Universitas Sumatera Utara PERANAN BISNIS KELUARGA TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN (STUDI KASUS PERUSAHAAN KELUARGA TJONG YONG HIAN) DISERTASI UntukMemperoleh Gelar Doktor dalam Program Doktor Studi Pembangunan padaFakultasIlmuSosialdanIlmuPolitik Universitas Sumatera Utara Oleh Pin Pin 138122003 PROGRAM DOKTOR (S3) STUDI PEMBANGUNAN FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2018 Universitas Sumatera Utara Universitas Sumatera Utara Universitas Sumatera Utara PERANAN BISNIS KELUARGA TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN (STUDI KASUS PERUSAHAAN KELUARGA TJONG YONG HIAN) ABSTRAK Penelitian ini fokuspada peranan Perusahaan KeluargaTjong Yong Hian yang sangat berhasil dan mempunyai kontribusi yang sangat besar bagi pengembangan pembangunan Kota Medan. Penelitian ini meneliti bagaimana Budihardjo Chandra, generasi keempat dari Perusahaan Keluarga Tjong Yong Hian berhasil bangkit kembali setelah kemunduran di generasi kedua sampai generasi ketiga, dengan sukses menjadi pemilik saham mayoritas PT. Industri Pembungkus Indonesia/IPI, bagaimana peranan Perusahaan TjongYong Hian terhadap PT. Industri Pembungkus Indonesia, dan bagaimana peranan Perusahaan Keluarga PT. Industri Pembungkus Indonesia terhadap pembangunan di Indonesia khususnya kota Medan.Metode penelitian dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang kebangkitan sebuah perusahaan keluarga. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori kepemimpinan, produk, modal, jaringan usaha. Teori interaksionisme simbolik dipakai dimana pembagian warisan dipandang dari sudut hak dan kewajiban, juga pandangan dari sudut dramaturgi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa permainan peran bisa dilakukan dengan berbagai jenis carau ntuk mendapatkan kesuksesan, sentiment penghargaan yang tinggi terhadap leluhur diperankan dengan sangat baik. Itulah salah satu titik terpuji dari segi kewajiban dan titik lemah dalam mendapatkan hak. Titik kelemahan terjadi pada penguasaan warisans ecara sepihak dengan dramatisasi yang sempurna, menyimpang dari tujuan wasiat yang menginginkan kebersamaan seluruh keluarga besar dalam satu naungan. Memecahbelah keluarga melalui konflik yang berkepanjangan dimana konflik tersebut bisa beregenerasi secara turun temurun. Kata kunci: Perusahaan Keluarga, PerananBisnisKeluarga,Dramaturgi. Universitas Sumatera Utara THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY BUSINESS ON DEVELOPMENT (CASE STUDY FAMILY COMPANY TJONG YONG HIAN) ABSTRACT This study focuses on the role of the highly successful Tjong Yong Hian Family Company and that has a huge contribution to the development of Medan City development. This research examines how Budihardjo Chandra, the fourth generation of Tjong Yong Hian Family Company managed to revive after the decline in the second generation to the third generation, successfully becoming the majority shareholder of PT. Packaging Industry Indonesia/IPI, how the role of Family Company Tjong Yong Hianfor PT. Indonesia Packaging Industry, and how the role of Family Company PT. Indonesia Packaging Industry on development in Indonesia, especially Medan City. The research method is done descriptively by using qualitative approach to get picture about resurrection of a family company. The theory used is the theory of leadership, product, capital, business network. Symbolic interactionism theory is used where the division of inheritance is viewed from the point of rights and obligations, as well as views from the point of dramaturgy. This research concludes that role playing can be done with various types of ways to gain success, high appreciation sentiments of ancestors played very well. That is one of the best points in terms of obligations and weak points in getting right. The point of weakness occurs in the mastery of inheritance unilaterally with perfect dramatization, deviating from the purpose of the wills who want togetherness of all the big families in one shade. Divide the family through prolonged conflicts where the conflict can regenerate from generation to generation. Keywords: Family Company, Role of Family Business, Dramaturgy. Universitas Sumatera Utara Kata Pengantar Puji dan syukur penulis ucapkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas segala anugerahNya, sehingga Disertasi ini dapat diselesaikan sebagai salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar Doktor pada Program Studi Pembangunan, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan. Disertasi dengan judul Peranan Bisnis Keluarga Terhadap Pembangunan (Studi Kasus Perusahaan Keluarga Tjong Yong Hian) diselesaikan atas bantuan, motivasi dan bimbingan dari berbagai pihak, terutama Ketua dan Anggota Komisi Pembimbing, Anggota Penguji, para dosen, dan sahabat-sahabat saya dalam pengumpulan data penelitian. Dalam kesempatan ini, penulis ingin mengucapkan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada yang terhormat: 1. Rektor Universitas Sumatera Utara Prof. Runtung Sitepu, SH, M.Hum atas motivasinya. 2. Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Sumatera Utara, Dr. Muryanto Amin, S.Sos., M.Si atas motivasi dan bantuannya. 3. Prof. Subhilhar, MA., Ph.D selaku Ketua Penguji dan Promotor atas bimbingan dan motivasi yang sangat terpuji. 4. Heri Kusmanto, MA., Ph.D selaku Anggota Penguji dan Co-Promotor atas bimbingan dan motivasi yang sangat terpuji. 5. Amir Purba, MA., Ph.D selaku Anggota Penguji dan Co-Promotor atas bimbingan dan motivasi yang sangat terpuji. 6. Prof. Dr. M. Arif Nasution, MA selaku Anggota Penguji atas bimbingan dan motivasi yang sangat terpuji. 7. Warjio, MA., Ph.D selaku Anggota Penguji atas pengarahan yang sangat bermanfaat. 8. Dr. Phil. Ichwan Azhari, M.Si selaku Anggota Penguji luar dari Universitas Negeri Medan atas informasi sejarah yang sangat berguna untuk melengkapi Disertasi ini. 9. Prof. Dr. Badaruddin, M.Si selaku Ketua Program S3 Studi Pembangunan Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Sumatera Utara atas motivasinya. 10. Dr. Humaizi, MA selaku Sekretaris Program S3 Studi Pembangunan Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Sumatera Utara atas motivasinya. 11. Husni Thamrin, S.Sos., MSP selaku Wakil Dekan I Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Sumatera Utara atas bimbingan dan motivasinya. Universitas Sumatera Utara 12. Arifin Nasution, S.Sos., MSP selaku Wakil Dekan II Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Unversitas Sumatera Utara atas bimbingan dan motivasinya. 13. Dr. T. Thyrhaya Zein, MA selaku dosen penulis pada Program S1 Sastra Inggris Fakultas Sastra Universitas Sumatera Utara, atas saran dan motivasi kepada penulis untuk menempuh perkuliahan di Sekolah Pasca Sarjana Studi Pembangunan Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Sumatera Utara. 14. Para narasumber terutama Rita Sri K. Chidmat atas bantuannya dalam pengumpulan data penelitian. Selain berterima kasih kepada narasumber utama Linda Setiawan yang mewakili Budihardjo Chandra, dan anaknya Sugiharto Chandra dan istri, penulis pada kesempatan ini juga merasa perlu meminta maaf kepada keluarga besar PT. Industri Pembungkus Indonesia, jika ada kesalahan dalam penyajian data. 15. Seluruh dosen dan pegawai sekretariat Sekolah Pasca Sarjana Studi Pembangunan Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Sumatera Utara, serta Norman Achmadi selaku sahabat sekaligus teman diskusi penulis. 16. Kedua orang tua saya Lie Kim Poh dan Ong Phong yang berhasil membimbing dan mendidik saya sejak kecil, terutama ibu saya yang sangat menghargai ilmu pengetahuan dan pendidikan. 17. Suami tercinta Irwan Bratasida yang tidak pernah menghalangi penulis dalam menuntut ilmu, serta dukungan dan diskusinya tentang pendidikan. 18. Kedua anakku tersayang Rief Gilbert dan Mauritz Erick, atas motivasi dan saran yang diberikan untuk studi ini. 19. Seluruh sahabat dan tetangga penulis, H. Abdul Wahab Dalimunthe, SH selaku Anggota DPR RI, H Chairulsyah Siregar, selaku Ketua KSU Hiwasbi dan Komisaris PT. Tasbi Aman Sentosa, Joefly J. Bahroeny, selaku Ketua Majelis Wali Amanat USU periode 2009-2014 dan Direktur PT. Lonsum, Kolonel Purn. dr. Mohd. Abrar Danial, Spm dan istrinya dr. Yarhaini Rifai, Ir. Marliza Harahap, MSP. 20. Novembri Yusuf Simanjuntak, S.Sos., MSP., M.IP teman penulis yang telah memberikan waktu dan pikiran untuk diskusi dan mengedit Disertasi ini. 21. Pihak lain yang tidak dapat penulis sebutkan satu persatu atas motivasi dan diskusinya. Penulis menyadari Disertasi ini masih banyak memiliki kekurangan dan jauh dari sempurna. Namun harapan penulis semoga Disertasi ini bermanfaat kepada seluruh pembaca khususnya bagi regenerasi Perusahaan Keluarga. Semoga Tuhan Yang Maha Esa memberkati kita semua. Amin. Medan, 24 Agustus 2017 Pin Pin Universitas Sumatera Utara Riwayat Hidup Pin Pin Terlahir dari pasangan Lie Kim Poh dan Ong Poh pada tanggal 13 April 1962 di Bagansiapiapi, sebuah kota kecil yang merupakan Ibu Kota dari Kabupaten Rokan Hilir, Provinsi Riau. Anak ketiga dari lima bersaudara, saat ini tinggal di kompleks Taman Setia Budi Indah blok RR No. 23 Medan. Istri dari Irwan Bratasida, dan ibu dari dua orang anak laki-laki. Menempuh pendidikan dasar di SD Setia Budi Bagansiapiapi, tamat tahun 1975, pendidikan menengah di SMP Bintang Laut Bagansiapiapi tamat tahun 1978/1979 dan menyelesaikan pendidikan menengah atas dari SMA Katolik Medan tahun 1981/1982. Melanjutkan pendidikan tinggi pada
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