Uskotračna Pruga U Regiji Hercegovina/Dubrovnik Sagrađena Je Početkom 20
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Uskotračna pruga u regiji Hercegovina/Dubrovnik sagrađena je početkom 20. stoljeća i spajala je Mostar s Dubrovnikom i Konavlima u Hrvatskoj. Prvi ‘’Ćiro’’ prošao je ovom prugom 15. srpnja 1901. Ideja za revitalizaciju ove linije kao biciklističke staze stvorena je zajednički, s obje strane granice, u cilju očuvanja ove pruge kao povijesne baštine te razvijanja nove turističke ponude. Narrow gauge railway in Herzegovina/ Dubrovnik regions was built in the early 20th century, and conne- cted Mostar with Dubrovnik and Konavle in Croatia. The first ‘’Ćiro’’ passed this railway on 15 July, 1901. The idea to revitalize this line as a bicycle rout was born jointly from both side of the border in order to preserve this railway line as a historical heritage and to develop new tourism offer. Uvod/ 2 Introduction Austro-Ugarska monarhija, koja je vladala po- Austro-Hungarian monarchy, which ruled on the dručjem BiH krajem 19. i početkom 20. stoljeća area of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the late 19th izgradila je mrežu željezničkih pruga uskog and early 20th century built a network of narrow kolosijeka (kolosijek širine 0,76 m). Pruge je iz- gauge railways (track width 0.76 m). Railways were gradila prvenstveno kao strateške vojne objekte built primarily as strategic military facilities and i one su povezivale južne jadranske luke s they were connecting southern Adriatic ports with gradovima u zaleđu i sa srednjom Europom. cities in the hinterland and with Central Europe. Pruge u Hercegovini izgrađene su kao dio Railways in Herzegovina were built as part of the Južne pruge, a prva dionica te pruge od Met- Southern Line, and the first section of that railway kovića do Mostara, dužine 42,4 km, puštena from Metković to Mostar, in the length of 42.4 km, je u promet 13.06.1885. godine, dok je pruga was opened for traffic on 13 June, 1885, while the od Gabele do Zelenike u Boki Kotorskoj (Crna railway from Gabela to Zelenike in Bay of Kotor Gora), dužine 155,5 km, s odvojcima od Huma (Montenegro), in the length of 155.5 kilometers, do Trebinja (16,7 km) i Uskoplja do Gruža u with branches from Hum to Trebinje (16.7 km) Dubrovniku u Republici Hrvatskoj (16,5 km), and Uskoplje to Gruž in Dubrovnik in Republic of puštena u promet 1901. godine. Croatia (16.5 km), was opened for traffic in 1901. Uskotračna pruga je služila ljudima, povezivala Narrow gauge railway served the people, conne- države, krajeve, narode i kulture. Narodima s cted countries, regions, nations and cultures. For ovih područja bile su to pruge spasa, omogu- nations from this region those were the salvation ćile su im bolji život i svekoliki napredak te su railways, they enabled them a better life and ostavile trag civilizacije na mjestima kroz koja je the overall progress, and they have left the mark Ćiro vozio, hučio, tukao, zviždao i paru ispuštao of civilization in places through which Ćiro was više desetljeća. driving, roaring, beating, whistling and blew off Narod je pruge zvao i štreke, a vlakove koje steam for decades. je vukla garava parnjača nazivao je gemišteri People used to call railways „štreke“, and trains (mješoviti vlakovi), šnelcug (brzi vlakovi) i osob- that were pulled by sooty steam locomotive were ni (putnički vlakovi). Nadimak Ćiro nametnut called „gemišteri“ (mixed trains), „šnelcug“ (fast je pred samo ukidanje uskotračnih pruga, ali u trains) and „personal“ (passenger trains). Nickna- narodu je ostao i dan danas kao prepoznatljiv. me Ćiro was imposed just before the abolition of Pruga uskog kolosijeka ili uskotračna pruga narrow gauge railway, but among people it has Gabela – Zelenika ukinuta je 1976. godine. remained recognizable to this day. Za vrijeme postojanja uskotračna željeznička Railroad with narrow gauge or narrow gauge pruga promijenila je pet državnih uređenja. railway Gabela - Zelenika was abolished in 1976. Na nekadašnjoj trasi i danas su vidljivi ostaci During the existence of narrow gauge railway, five nekadašnje pruge, njezinih postaja, kolosijeka, polities have changed. tunela, mostova, zgrada itd. Uspomene koje se On the former route there are still visible remains prvenstveno odnose na ovu dionicu još i danas of the old railway, its stations, tracks, tunnels, brid- su tako vidljive među lokalnim stanovništvom ges, buildings, etc. Memories that are primarily ovih krajeva odnosno predjela kojim je ova related to this section are even today very visible pruga prolazila. Kako bi se bar djelomično among the local population of these areas or regi- sačuvala uspomena na ovu prugu koja se vukla ons through which this railway passed. In order to, kroz prekrasne predjele južne i jugoistočne Her- at least partly, preserve the memory of this railway cegovine, južne Hrvatske i Crne Gore osmišljen that dragged through the beautiful landscapes je projekt revitalizacije uskotračne pruge kroz of southern and south-eastern Herzegovina, uspostavljanje biciklističke trase koja bi oživjela southern Croatia and Montenegro, the project ove krajeve te osnažila i povezala njihovu was designed for revitalization of narrow gauge turističku ponudu. railway through the establishment of bicycle route that would revive these areas and to enhance and integrate their tourism offer. Biciklistička trasa/ 2 3 Bicycle route Područje Mostara/ Mostar area Biciklistička trasa od Mostara do Ivanice, koja Bicycle route from Mostar to Ivanica, which is located je od Dubrovnika udaljena desetak kilometara, about ten kilometers away from Dubrovnik, is 134 iznosi 134 kilometra, a s odvojkom u mjestu kilometers long, and including a branch in Hum Hum prema Trebinju ukupno 152 kilometra. towards Trebinje, 152 kilometers in total. The route Trasa uglavnom prolazi kroz ruralna područja, a mainly passes through rural areas, it is adjusted for prilagođena je i za cestovne i za brdske bicikle, both, road and mountain bikes, which means that što znači da na nekim dionicama trase postoje on some sections of the route there are options on opcije kojim putom krenuti ka odredištu, ili which way to use giong towards the destination, asfaltnom podlogom ili makadamom. Trasa je either paved or macadam road. The route is mostly većim dijelom ravničarska i samo se na dionici lowland and only on the section from Dračevo, or od Dračeva, odnosno Svitave u općini Čapljina Svitava in the Municipality of Čapljina to Hutovo pa do Hutova u općini Neum nalazi duži uspon in the Municipality of Neum there is a long rise gdje se trasa penje na 414, odnosno 310 me- where the route climbs to 414 or 310 meters above tara nadmorske visine, ovisno od toga je li se sea level, depending on whether you climb using trasom penje asfaltnom dionicom preko Svitave paved section through Svitava or macadam section ili makadamskom dionicom preko Brštanice. through Brštanica. Biciklistička trasa počinje na Španjolskom trgu Bicycle route starts at the Spanish Square in u Mostaru, nedaleko od stare željezničke stani- Mostar, near the old train station, and passes by ce, i prolazi pored Starog grada gdje se nalazi the Old Town where Old Bridge is situated, the Stari most, svjetski poznati kameni srednjovje- world-famous stone medieval monument, which kovni spomenik, koji spaja lijevu i desnu obalu connects left and right banks of Herzegovinian hercegovačkog bisera - rijeke Neretve. pearl - Neretva River. Put se iz Mostara prema Čapljini nastavlja pro- The road from Mostar to Čapljina continues pa- lazeći kroz Bišće polje te kanjon rijeke Neretve ssing through Bišće Polje and canyon of Neretva i uz sadašnju modernu željezničku prugu. Na River and along the current modern railway line. ulasku u kanjon proteže se prekrasni pogled At the entrance to the canyon a beautiful view na Bunske kanale i ušće rijeke Bune u Neretvu. stretches on the channels of Buna River and the Izvorište Bune, udaljeno samo pet kilometara, mouth of Buna River into Neretva River. Source of jedno je od najvećih i zasigurno najljepših u Eu- the Buna River, only five kilometers away, is one ropi. Voda izbija ispod litice duge 200 metara of the largest and surely most beautiful in Europe. i svojom količinom samostalno formira rijeku Water flows out of the 200 meters long cliff and Bunu. Tekija na vrelu Bune izgrađena u 16. its volume alone creates the Buna River. Tekke on stoljeću za potrebe derviškog reda, a i danas the Buna River was built in the 16th century for je najmističnije mjesto u Bosni i Hercegovini. the Dervish, and it is still the most mystical place Iznad Blagaja izdiže se srednjovjekovno zdanje in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Above Blagaj rises a Stjepan grad, koje je nastalo na kasnoantičkoj medieval building, Stjepan Town, which was built utvrdi. To je bila gradska palača, opasana tvrdim on the late antique fortress. It was the city palace, bedemima s nazubljenim vrhovima koji su i surrounded by hard rampart with jaggy peaks danas vidljivi. Postoji i legenda koja kaže da which are still visible today. There is a legend je u njemu herceg Stjepan navodno zakopao that says Herceg Stjepan allegedly buried his svoje blago… tako je i grad dobio ime po blagu treasure there ... so the city got its name by the herceg Stjepana-Blagaj. Kod Bunskih kanala treasure of Herceg Stjepan - Blagaj. By channels cestovnim biciklistima nudi se mogućnost da of Buna River road cyclists will have the opportu- do Čapljine idu alternativnim putom, odnosno nity to use alternative route to Čapljina, which is magistralnim putom. the main road. 4 Područje Čitluka i Čapljine/ 4 5 Čitluk and Čapljina area Na par kilometara dalje od Bunskih kanala, ne- Few kilometers away from channels of Buna daleko od biciklističke trase, nalazi se manastir River, not far from the bicycle route, there is the Žitomislić, jedan od najznačajnijih pravoslavnih monastery Žitomislić, one of the most important manastira Hercegovine iz 16. stoljeća. Orthodox monasteries in Herzegovina from the Trasom se dalje dolazi do Šurmanaca u čapljin- 16th century.