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Jubeljahre Und Freudenfeiern. Studien Zum Katholischen Jubiläum in Der Frühen Neuzeit

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Jubeljahre Und Freudenfeiern. Studien Zum Katholischen Jubiläum in Der Frühen Neuzeit Jubeljahre und Freudenfeiern. Studien zum katholischen Jubiläum in der Frühen Neuzeit Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Philosophie an der Philosophischen Fakultät der Technischen Universität Dresden vorgelegt von Astrid Schwerhoff Verteidigung am 28.10.2020. Betreuer: Prof. Dr. Winfried Müller, TU Dresden Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Winfried Müller, Dresden Prof. Dr. Hannelore Putz, Passau/ München Inhalt I. Einleitung ................................................................................................................................ 6 II. Traditionsstränge und Entwicklungslinien .......................................................................... 15 1. Das Heilige Jahr und die katholischen Jubiläen ............................................................... 16 1.1 Entstehung und Entwicklung des Heiligen Jahres ..................................................... 16 1.2 Außerordentliche Jubiläen .......................................................................................... 24 1.3 Personale Jubiläen ...................................................................................................... 32 2. Protestantische Jubiläumskultur ....................................................................................... 33 2.1 Universitätsjubiläen .................................................................................................... 34 2.2 Reformationsjubiläen ................................................................................................. 37 3. Antike und frühmittelalterliche Elemente des Jubiläums ................................................ 39 3.1 Römische Säkularfeiern und Decennalien ................................................................. 40 3.1.1 ludi saeculares ..................................................................................................... 40 3.1.2 Die Herrscherjubiläen der römischen Kaiser ...................................................... 43 3.2 Anniversarien ............................................................................................................. 52 4. Erschließung der Vergangenheit – der Humanismus ....................................................... 54 4.1 Allgemeine Entwicklungslinien ................................................................................. 54 4.2 Polydorus Vergilius als Vermittler ............................................................................. 60 III. Das hundertjährige Gründungsjubiläum des Jesuitenordens 1639/40 ............................... 67 1. Umrisse des Quellensamples ............................................................................................ 68 2. Die Planung des Jubiläums entlang der Achse Antwerpen - Rom ................................... 69 3. Die Festschrift Imago primi saeculi ................................................................................. 77 3. 1 Zur Anlage des Werkes ............................................................................................. 77 3.1.1 Ein Gemeinschaftswerk ....................................................................................... 77 3.1.2 Ein Emblembuch ................................................................................................. 79 3.2 Traditionsstränge des Jubiläums ................................................................................ 81 3.2.1 Die römischen Säkularfeiern ............................................................................... 83 3.2.2 Das jüdische Jubeljahr ......................................................................................... 84 3.2.3 Das christliche Jubiläum ..................................................................................... 86 3.2.4 Die Auseinandersetzung mit den Protestanten .................................................... 91 3.3 Grundzüge der Festschrift .......................................................................................... 93 3.3.1 Die Geburt der Gesellschaft Jesu ........................................................................ 95 3.3.2 Die Ausbreitung der Gesellschaft Jesu ................................................................ 97 3.3.3 Die Aktivitäten der Gesellschaft Jesu ................................................................. 98 2 3.3.4 Hemmnisse und Unglücksfälle der Gesellschaft Jesu ....................................... 100 3.3.5 Die Ehrungen der Gesellschaft Jesu .................................................................. 101 3.3.6 Die Gesellschaft in Flandern-Belgien ............................................................... 102 3.4 Eine umstrittene Festschrift ...................................................................................... 106 4. Der Ablauf der Jubiläumsfeiern in ausgewählten Zentren ............................................. 110 4.1 Antwerpen – im Zentrum der Jubiläumsplanung ..................................................... 110 4.1.1 Der historische Kontext ..................................................................................... 110 4.1.2 Die Jubiläumsfeierlichkeiten ............................................................................. 113 4.2 Köln – katholische Frontstadt im Reich ................................................................... 118 4.2.1 Der historische Kontext ..................................................................................... 118 4.2.2 Die Jubiläumsfeierlichkeiten ............................................................................. 122 4.3 Rom – Hauptstadt der katholischen Welt ................................................................. 133 4.3.1 Die Jubiläumsfeierlichkeiten ............................................................................. 135 4.3.1.1 Eröffnung des Zentenariums ...................................................................... 135 4.3.1.2 Requien für die Wohltäter des Ordens ....................................................... 137 4.3.1.3 Vierzigstundengebet ................................................................................... 139 4.3.1.4 Oper “Il Sant`Ignazio” ............................................................................... 140 4.3.1.5 Die Dekorationen im Collegio Romano ..................................................... 140 4.3.1.6 Erste Messe in Sant`Ignazio ...................................................................... 142 4.3.1.7 Papstbesuch in Sant`Ignazio und dem Collegio Romano .......................... 143 4.3.2 Hintergründe: Die Inszenierung des Jubiläums in Rom durch die Barberini.... 143 4.4 Die Jubiläumsfeiern in anderen Orten ...................................................................... 154 IV. Klosterjubiläen im süddeutschen Raum im späteren 17. und 18. Jahrhundert ................ 158 1. Die untersuchten Klöster ................................................................................................ 161 2. Die süddeutschen Barockklöster zwischen Konfessionalisierung und Aufklärung ....... 163 2.1 Erste Annäherungen ................................................................................................. 163 2.2 Katholische Festkultur .............................................................................................. 166 2.3 Prozession und Wallfahrt ......................................................................................... 168 2.4 Marien- und Heiligenverehrung ............................................................................... 172 2.5 Reliquienkult und Katakombenheilige ..................................................................... 175 2.6 Reliquientranslationen als Element katholischer Festkultur .................................... 179 2.7 Süddeutsche Klosterkultur und katholische Aufklärung .......................................... 185 3. Drei exemplarische Fälle ................................................................................................ 188 3.1 Zisterzienserkloster Raitenhaslach (1698) ............................................................... 188 3.2 Augustiner-Chorherrenkloster Ranshofen (1699) .................................................... 195 3 3.3 Benediktinerkloster St. Ulrich und Afra Augsburg (1712) ...................................... 200 4. Jubiläumsanlass und Jubiläumsbewusstsein .................................................................. 203 4.1 Feieranlass ................................................................................................................ 203 4.2 Terminologie ............................................................................................................ 206 4.3 Ursprungsnarrationen des Jubiläums ....................................................................... 208 4.3.1 Biblische, antike und mittelalterliche Herleitungen .......................................... 209 4.3.2 Institutionelle und persönliche Jubiläen ............................................................ 217 5. Die Vorbereitungen der Jubiläumsfeierlichkeiten .......................................................... 224 5.1 Akteure und Planungen ............................................................................................ 224 5.2 Das Beispiel Andechs ............................................................................................... 227 6. Die historischen Jubiläumsfeiern in ihren Einzelelementen .......................................... 232 6.1 Predigt .....................................................................................................................
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