Top 50 Static GK Questions for Railway
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Temples Name Sates Vaishno Devi Jammu & Temple, Kashmir Dedicated to Shakti, Mata Rani Badrinath Temple Uttarakhand Kedarnath Temple Uttarakhand
Temples Name Sates Vaishno Devi Jammu & Temple, Kashmir Dedicated to Shakti, Mata Rani Badrinath Temple Uttarakhand Kedarnath Temple Uttarakhand Golden Temple Amritsar, Punjab Markandeshwar Temple Haryana Hadimba devi Temple Himachal Pradesh Laxminarayan Temple ( New Delhi Birla Mandir ) Dilwara Temple Mount Abu, Rajasthan Kashi Vishwanath Temple- Varanasi, Uttar Dedicated to Lord Ganesha Pradesh Swaminarayan Akshardhan Delhi Temple Mahabodhi Temple Bodhgaya , Bihar Dakshnineswar kali Temple Kolkata Jagannath Temple - Puri, Odisha Dedicated to Jagannath God Kandariya Mahadev Madhya Temple- Part of Pradesh Khajuraho Temple Somnath Gujarat (Saurashtra ) Temple Siddhivinayak Temple- Located in Dedicated to Lord Ganesha Prabhadevi, Mumbai Maharashtra Balaji Venkateshwara Andhra Swamy Temple- Dedicated Pradesh to Lord Venkateshwara Lord Karnataka kalabhairah wara Temple Shi Dharmasthala Karnataka Manjunatheswara Temple Shi Dharmasthala Karnataka Manjunatheswara Temple Mureshwar Temple Karnataka Virupaksha Temple Karnataka Gomateshwara Bahubali Karnataka Temple Nataraja Temple- Tamil Nadu Dedicated to Lord Shiva Brihadeshwara Temple Thanjavur,Ta mil Nadu Jumbukeshwarar Temple Tamil Nadu Ranganathaswamy Temple- Tamil Nadu Dedicated to Lord Shiva Ekambareswarar Temple Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu Sripuram Golden Temple- Vellore, Tamil Dedicated to Lord Shiva Nadu Padmanabhaswa Kerala my Temple Richest Temple of the world Sabarimala Temple Kerala Sukreswar Temple- Dedcated Assam to Lord Shiva Kamakhya Temple Assam Angkor Wat Temple- Largest Cambodia -
The Temple Architecture in Odisha
ISSN 0970-8669 Odisha Review The Hindu temple architecture reflects a synthesis is concentrated in the city of Bhubaneswar where of arts, the ideals of religion, beliefs, values and there are over thirty of them. the way of life cherished under Hinduism. The temple is a place for pilgrimage. All the cosmic The main temples of this style consist of elements that create and celebrate life in Hindu the Lingaraja Temple at Bhubaneswar th pantheon are present in a Hindu temple from fire (11 century), the Jagannath temple at Puri th to water, from images of nature to deities, from (12 century) the Great Sun Temple at Konark the feminine to the masculine, from karma to (13th century), Rajarani Temple (10th century), artha. The form and meanings of architectural Mukteswar (10th Century), Parshuram Temple elements in a Hindu temple are designed to (8th Century) etc. function as the place where it is the link between The Kanlingan style consists of three man and the divine, to help his progress to spiritual distinct types of temples Rekha Deula, Pidha knowledge and truth, his liberation is called Deula and Khakhara Deula. The former two are Moksha. associated with Vishnu, Surya and Shiva temples The Temple Architecture in Odisha Sujata Routray The Indian temples are broadly divided while the third is mainly with Chamunda and Durga into Nagara, Vesara, Dravida and Gadag styles temples. The Rekha Deula and Khakhara Deula of architecture. However the temple architecture houses the sanctum sanctorum while the Pidha of Odisha corresponds to altogether a different Deula constitutes outer dancing and offering halls. -
Medieval India
A History of Knowledge Oldest Knowledge What the Jews knew What the Sumerians knew What the Christians knew What the Babylonians knew Tang & Sung China What the Hittites knew Medieval India What the Persians knew What the Japanese knew What the Egyptians knew What the Muslims knew What the Indians knew The Middle Ages What the Chinese knew Ming & Manchu China What the Greeks knew The Renaissance What the Phoenicians knew The Industrial Age What the Romans knew The Victorian Age What the Barbarians knew The Modern World 1 Medieval India Piero Scaruffi 2004 2 What the Indians knew • Bibliography – Gordon Johnson: Cultural Atlas of India (1996) – Henri Stierlin: Hindu India (2002) – Hermann Goetz: The Art of India (1959) – Heinrich Zimmer: Philosophies of India (1951) – Surendranath Dasgupta: A History of Indian Philosophy (1988) – Richards, John: The Mughal Empire (1995) 3 India • 304 BC - 184 BC: Maurya • 184 BC - 78 BC: Sunga • 78 AD -233: Kushan • 318 - 528: Gupta • 550 - 1190 : Chalukya • Hoysala (1020-1342) • 1192-1526: Delhi sultanate • 1526-1707: Moghul • 1707-1802: Maratha 4 What the Indians knew • Tantra – Ancient practice to worship the mother goddess through sexual intercourse – Group intercourse 5 What the Indians knew • Tantra – Esoteric Hinduism – Dialogues between the god Shiva and his wife Parvati – Reversals of Hindu social practices (e.g., incest) – Reversals of physiological processes – Forbidden substances are eaten and forbidden sexual acts are performed ritually – ”Five m's": maithuna ("intercourse"), matsya ("fish"), -
Iasbaba's 60 Days Plan – Day 35 (History)
IASbaba’s 60 Days Plan – Day 35 (History) 2018 Q.1) Consider the following pairs. Sculpture Material made from 1. Mother goddess Stone 2. Bearded priest Terracotta 3. Dancing girl Copper Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched? a) 1 and 3 only b) 3 only c) All the above d) None Q.1) Solution (d) Terracotta: Terracotta figures are more realistic in Gujarat sites and Kalibangan. Toy carts with wheels, whistles, rattles, bird and animals, gamesmen, and discs were also rendered in terracotta. The most important terracotta figures are those represent Mother Goddess. Stone Statues: Stone statues found in Indus valley sites are excellent examples of handling the 3D volume. Two major stone statues are: Bearded Man (Priest Man, Priest-King) and Male Torso Bronze Casting: Bronze casting was practiced in wide scale in almost all major sites of the civilization. The technique used for Bronze Casting was Lost Wax Technique. Dancing girl and bull from Mohenjo-Daro. Do you know? Thousands of seals were discovered from the sites, usually made of steatite, and occasionally of agate, chert, copper, faience and terracotta, with beautiful figures of animals such as unicorn bull, rhinoceros, tiger, elephant, bison, goat, buffalo, etc. Some seals were also been found in Gold and Ivory. THINK! 1 IASbaba’s 60 Days Plan – Day 35 (History) 2018 Harappan pottery. Q.2) Arrange the following parts of stupa from top to bottom. 1. Yasti 2. Harmika 3. Chatras 4. Anda Select the correct answer using the codes given below. a) 3-1-2-4 b) 3-2-1-4 c) 2-3-1-4 d) 2-1-3-4 Q.2) Solution (a) Stupa dome is called as Anda. -
Important Lakes in India
Important Lakes in India Andhra Pradesh Jammu and Kashmir Kolleru Lake Dal Lake Pulicat Lake - The second largest Manasbal Lake brackish – water lake or lagoon in India Mansar Lake Pangong Tso Assam Sheshnag Lake Chandubi Lake Tso Moriri Deepor Beel Wular Lake Haflong Lake Anchar Lake Son Beel Karnataka Bihar Bellandur Lake Kanwar Lake - Asia's largest freshwater Ulsoor lake oxbow lake Pampa Sarovar Karanji Lake Chandigarh Kerala Sukhna Lake Ashtamudi Lake Gujarat Kuttanad Lake Vellayani Lake Hamirsar Lake Vembanad Kayal - Longest Lake in India Kankaria Sasthamcotta Lake Nal Sarovar Narayan Sarovar Madhya Pradesh Thol Lake Vastrapur Lake Bhojtal Himachal Pradesh www.OnlineStudyPoints.comMaharashtra Brighu Lake Gorewada Lake Chandra Taal Khindsi Lake Dashair and Dhankar Lake Lonar Lake - Created by Metoer Impact Kareri and Kumarwah lake Meghalaya Khajjiar Lake Lama Dal and Chander Naun Umiam lake Macchial Lake Manipur Haryana Loktak lake Blue Bird Lake Brahma Sarovar Mizoram Tilyar Lake Palak dïl Karna Lake www.OnlineStudyPoints.com Odisha Naukuchiatal Chilika Lake - It is the largest coastal West Bengal lagoon in India and the second largest Sumendu lake in Mirik lagoon in the world. Kanjia Lake Anshupa Lake Rajasthan Dhebar Lake - Asia's second-largest artificial lake. Man Sagar Lake Nakki Lake Pushkar Lake Sambhar Salt Lake - India's largest inland salt lake. Lake Pichola Sikkim Gurudongmar Lake - One of the highest lakes in the world, located at an altitude of 17,800 ft (5,430 m). Khecheopalri Lake Lake Tsongmo Tso Lhamo Lake - 14th highest lake in the world, located at an altitude of 5,330 m (17,490 ft). -
Management of Lakes in India M.S.Reddy1 and N.V.V.Char2
10 March 2004 Management of Lakes in India M.S.Reddy1 and N.V.V.Char2 1. Introduction There is no specific definition for Lakes in India. The word “Lake” is used loosely to describe many types of water bodies – natural, manmade and ephemeral including wetlands. Many of them are euphemistically called Lakes more by convention and a desire to be grandiose rather than by application of an accepted definition. Vice versa, many lakes are categorized as wetlands while reporting under Ramsar Convention. India abounds in water bodies, a preponderance of them manmade, typical of the tropics. The manmade (artificial) water bodies are generally called Reservoirs, Ponds and Tanks though it is not unusual for some of them to be referred to as lakes. Ponds and tanks are small in size compared to lakes and reservoirs. While it is difficult to date the natural lakes, most of the manmade water bodies like Ponds and Tanks are historical. The large reservoirs are all of recent origin. All of them, without exception, have suffered environmental degradation. Only the degree of degradation differs. The degradation itself is a result of lack of public awareness and governmental indifference. The situation is changing but slowly. Environmental activism and legal interventions have put sustainability of lakes in the vanguard of environmental issues. This paper is an attempt at presenting a comprehensive view of the typical problems experienced in the better known lakes, their present environmental status and efforts being made to make them environmentally sustainable. 1.1 Data India is well known for the huge variance in its lakes, but the data is nebulous. -
(4Th International Conference on Water Resources and Arid Environme
4th International Conference on Water Resources and Arid Environments (ICWRAE 4): 429-438 5-8 December 2010, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia A Historical Perspective of the Development of Rain Water Harvesting Techniques in the Mewar Region, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India Narpat Singh Rathore Department of Geography, University College of Social Sciences and Humanities M.L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India Abstract: Water is an essential resource for our existence. However its availability is not only limited but also very unevenly distributed world over. The largest brunt of its scarcity is experienced in the semi arid and arid regions of the world. Consequently the people of these regions have, from times immemorial, been practicing techniques of rain water conservation and management. Rajasthan is the largest state of India area wise however it has only one percent of the total water resources of the country. Rain water conservation and management techniques have been in practice in the different parts of the state from time immemorial. The present study is concentrated on the water conservation and water management practices developed during the reigns of the various Rawals, Ranas and Maharanas of the Mewar State, Rajasthan. The study area includes Banswara, Bhilwara, Chittorgarh, Dungarpur, Rajsamand, Pratapgarh and Udaipur Districts. The present research paper is an attempt to study and highlight the various scientific techniques and methods adopted for the conservation and management of rain water. Key words: Ahar • Bhela • Genda • Hameda • Roof water harvesting • River diversion • River Linkage INTRODUCTION Region of South Rajasthan. Mewar Region is a prominent area located to the south of the Great Indian Desert of The availability of water is not only limited but Rajasthan, India. -
GIPE-108113.Pdf
REPORT ON MINOR IRRIGATION WORKS IN RAJASTHAN STATE COMMITTEE ON PLAN PROJECTS (Irrigation Team) NEW DELHI July 1965 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL M. THIRUMALA RAO, M.P. Leader, Irrigation Team. Link House, 3, Mathura Road, New Delhi. July 26, 1965. My Dear Nanda Ji, I have pleasure in forwarding herewith the report of the Irrigation Team on the study of minor irrigation works in Rajasthan State. Rajasthan is mostly an arid and water deficient region. Apart from the Rajasthan Canal Project, possibilities of large irrigation schemes in the State are limited. Small irrigation works, therefore, occupy a significant place in its agricultural economy. The Team made field studies of several small irrigation schemes in different parts of the State, and their findings are discussed in detail in the report. Utilisation of irrigation potential was generally found to be below targets. Practical suggestions to improve the position as emerged out of the study have been made and the_ views of the Team have, in general, been accepted by the State authorities. Some important recommendations of the Team are:- (i) to achieve optiinum agricultural production per unit of water as well as land; commands, outletting system and regulation and rostering of channels and water rates on the existing minor irrigation schemes need to be reviewed so as to ensure equitable distribution of the scarce water supplies; (iij to bring in areas located in erstwhile princely States under a uniform Irrigation Code and procedure with a view to ensure their efficient control and performance; and (iii) to develop, propagate and demonstrate new croP,ping pattern~ depending on irrigation facilities being made available. -
Art Elsewhere During Medieval Period
Indian art From Indus valley to India today Talk 8 Art elsewhere during medieval period G Chandrasekaran S Swaminathan Following the golden track of the Gupta-s in the north It was Harshavardhana (7th century CE) who took over the mantle of the Guptas in the North. Along with his contemporaries in the Deccan, the Chalukyas and in the South, the Pallavas and the Rashtrakutas the period is truly momentous. Harshavardhana, a man of letters as vouched by the three plays written by him Nagananda, Ratnavali and Priyadarshika, he was a man of arts too. Harshavardhana, 7th century CE The pearl-bedecked, the elegantly braid-decorated with pearls, flowers and sprigs, the curls nestling on the forehead, the dreamy eyes, and the transparent dress with its neat embroidery make it one of the finest creations of the Indian sculptor's chisel. Panduvamsi, 6th-7th century CE Dedicated to Vishnu this post-Gupta most developed brick temple of India, retains most of its original appearance. It is unsurpassed in the richness and refinement of its ornament Sanctum door Lakshmana Temple, Sirpur, Chhattisgarh Gurjara Pratihara, 8th century CE The period of the Rajput clan Gurajara Pratihara-s is important for it covered wide area (Gangetic plain, Gujarat and Rajasthan) and long period (8th to 10th centuries). Head of Vishnu as Vaikuntha with a lion-face and a boar-face on either side, still retails the Gupta grace. Gurjara Pratihara, 8th century CE The Dancing Siva has been popular all over the country. This composition of a ten-armed Nataraja dancing in the lalita mode with gana-s holding musical instruments is of great interest. -
Ancient Civilizations
1 Chapter – 1 Ancient Civilizations Introduction - The study of ancient history is very interesting. Through it we know how the origin and evolution of human civilization, which the cultures prevailed in different times, how different empires rose uplifted and declined how the social and economic system developed and what were their characteristics what was the nature and effect of religion, what literary, scientific and artistic achievements occrued and thease elements influenced human civilization. Since the initial presence of the human community, many civilizations have developed and declined in the world till date. The history of these civilizations is a history of humanity in a way, so the study of these ancient developed civilizations for an advanced social life. Objective - After teaching this lesson you will be able to: Get information about the ancient civilizations of the world. Know the causes of development along the bank of rivers of ancient civilizations. Describe the features of social and political life in ancient civilizations. Mention the achievements of the religious and cultural life of ancient civilizations. Know the reasons for the decline of various civilizations. Meaning of civilization The resources and art skills from which man fulfills all the necessities of his life, are called civilization. I.e. the various activities of the human being that provide opportunities for sustenance and safe living. The word 'civilization' literally means the rules of those discipline or discipline of those human behaviors which lead to collective life in human society. So civilization may be called a social discipline by which man fulfills all his human needs. -
Lingaraj Temple
Lingaraj Temple February 1, 2021 The Odisha government has chalked out a plan for peripheral development of the 11th century Shree Lingaraj Temple to attract more tourists to the state capital during the post pandemic period. Lingaraj Temple Lingaraja Temple is a temple dedicated to Shiva and is one of the oldest temples in Bhubaneswar, Odisha. It represents the quintessence of the Kalinga Architecture and culminating the medieval stages of the architectural tradition at Bhubaneswar. The temple is believed to be built by the kings from the Somavamsi dynasty, with later additions from the Ganga rulers. It is built in the Deula style that has four components namely, vimana (structure containing the sanctum), jagamohana (assembly hall), nata mandira (festival hall) and bhoga-mandapa (hall of offerings), each increasing in the height to its predecessor. Bhubaneswar is called the Ekamra Kshetra as the deity of Lingaraja was originally under a mango tree (Ekamra) as noted in Ekamra Purana, a 13th-century Sanskrit treatise. The temple has images of Vishnu, possibly because of the rising prominence of Jagannath sect emanating from the Ganga rulers who built the Jagannath Temple in Puri in the 12th century. Kalinga School of Temple Architecture An inscription in the Amrtesvara Temple at Holal in Karnataka refers to four styles of Hindu temple architecture i.e. Nagara, Kalinga, Dravida and Vesara. The inscription mentions one sutradhari, architect, named Bammoja, said to be the master of chaturjati (four classes) of temples namely Nagara, Kalinga, Dravida and Vesara. Kalinga style is identified as a subclass under the Nagara category. Bhuvanapradipa primarily defines three kinds of Kalinga temple styles i.e. -
Maritime Activities of Early Odisha : an Archaeological Perspective
November - 2015 Odisha Review Maritime Activities of Early Odisha : An Archaeological Perspective Dr. Benudhar Patra Maritime archaeology opens up new vista in the Ball1 and exploration of some other pre-historic field of research on the early Odishan maritime sites, for the first time, gave us an idea regarding history. It, however, is not confined to the study the progress of society in Odisha from hunters to of archaeological remains under water, rather it breeders and food production and settled life. The includes the study of various aspects such as excavations at Kuliana, Kuchai and Baiyapur in identification of landing places, harbours, the the Mayurbhanja district of Odisha have yielded nature of wood work, sea routes, cargo items the evidences of the use of polished shouldered etc. It is the archaeological excavation that has tools, rice and cord-impressed pottery belonging unearthed a number of ports like Che-li-ta-lo/ to the Neolithic age. In view of the technological Manikpatna, Khalkattapatna, Palur/ Dantapura, affinities of shouldered adzes with those of the Dosarene etc., which confirm early Odisha¶s South-East Asian countries it is believed that maritime activities on a firm footing. It also proved Odisha¶s maritime connections with the South- ancient Odishan interaction with the countries of East Asia probably began from the Neolithic South-East Asia and the western world. period.However, the possibility of introduction Archaeological excavation, indeed, has of shouldered adzes into India through land-route tremendous contribution towards unearthing the via north east India cannot be ruled out. glorious maritime activities of early Odisha or At Sankarjung (Lat.200 512 113 N and Kalinga.