Perphenazine Shortage

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Perphenazine Shortage Perphenazine Shortage Perphenazine is currently only marketed by one company, AA Pharma Inc.1 DIN Company Brand Name Active ingredient Strength 00335096 AA PHARMA INC PERPHENAZINE PERPHENAZINE 16 MG 00335118 AA PHARMA INC PERPHENAZINE PERPHENAZINE 8 MG 00335126 AA PHARMA INC PERPHENAZINE PERPHENAZINE 4 MG 00335134 AA PHARMA INC PERPHENAZINE PERPHENAZINE 2 MG Perphenazine is a piperazine phenothiazine.2 Indications3: Psychotic disorders Nausea and vomiting Shortage management strategies: 1. Ensure medication is indicated. For example, first general antipsychotics should be avoided if possible in elderly patients.4 If no clear indication, consider tapering patient off the medication. 2. Therapeutic alternatives2,4: a) Phenothiazines are the most similar pharmacologic alternatives: CPE* Drug Psychotic Disorder: Nausea and Vomiting: (perphenazine Suggested Dose Suggested Dose = 10 mg) Initial dose: 25–75 mg daily in 2–4 divided doses. Daily dose may be ↑twice weekly by 25– 50 mg until symptoms are controlled. During an acute 12.5–25 mg Q 4–6H Chlorpromazine 100 mg episode of schizophrenia: 300– Increase dose as needed and 1000 mg/day tolerated Maintenance dose: 300–600 mg/day given in 1 or 2 divided doses with larger dose at bedtime 2.5–10 mg daily in divided doses Q6–8H Fluphenazine 2 mg Usual dose: 1–5 mg daily as a single dose Initial dose: 25–75 mg/day; use caution if starting with >100 Methotrimeprazine 70 mg mg/day Usual dose: 50–200 mg/day Divided in 1–3 doses Prochlorperazine ? 5–10 mg 3–4 times daily 2–5 mg BID or TID Trifluoperazine 5 mg Usual dose: 15–20 mg/day * Chlorpromazine 100 mg equivalent b) Other first generation antipsychotics e.g. loxapine, haloperidol 2 c) Second generation antipsychotics e.g. risperidone, olanzapine 2 References: 1. Health Canada. Drug Product Database Online Query. Ottawa, ON: Health Canada; [cited 2013 Jan 13]. Available from: http://webprod.hc-sc.gc.ca/dpd-bdpp/index-eng.jsp. Accessed 09Nov2015. 2. Virani AS, Bezchlibnyk-Butler KZ, Jeffries JJ, editors. Clinical handbook of psychotropic drugs. 20th ed. Toronto: Hogrefe & Huber Publishers; 2014. 3. Perphenazine product monograph. AA Pharma. Available at http://webprod5.hc-sc.gc.ca/dpd- bdpp/info.do?code=2365&lang=eng . Accessed 09Nov2015. 4. Perphenazine General Monograph (CPhA monograph) In RxTx online. Available from: http://www.e- cps.ca. Accessed 09Nov2015. Prepared by Karen Jensen MSc, BSP; reviewed by Carmen Bell BSP medSask, Nov 2015 .
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  • Papers and Originals
    BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 19 FEBRUARY 1972 463 PAPERS AND ORIGINALS Drug Interaction: Inhibitory Effect of Neuroleptics on Metabolism of Tricyclic Antidepressants in Man LARS F. GRAM, KERSTIN FREDRICSON OVERO British Medical Journal, 1972, 1, 463-465 excretion (Anders, 1971). There are relatively few reports on interaction concerning neuroleptics or tricyclic antidepressants. Summary Chlorpromazine has both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on the metabolism of hexobarbitone in Total urinary excretion of radioactivity after oral or experimental animals of a test of (Riimke and Bout, 1960-1). Furthermore, chlorpromazine intravenous administration dose '4C-imi- accelerates the metabolism pramine was measured in were tested ofmeprobamate (Kato and Vassanelli, eight patients. They 1962). Tricyclic antidepressants have been shown to inhibit the before, during, and after treatment with neuroleptics. metabolism Excretion diminished while the were of tremorine and oxotremorine in rats in vitro and patients being in vivo (Hammer and Sjoqvist, 1967). It has also been found treated with perphenazine, haloperidol, or chlorproma- that zine, not treatment. desipramine hydrochloride inhibits the metabolism of though during flupenthixol amphetamine in isolated, perfused rat liver (Dingell and Bass, Total urinary excretion of radioactivity and plasma 1969). Pretreatment levels of metabolites and were measured with phenobarbitone decreased steady-state unchanged drug plasma levels of desipramine and nortriptyline in man (Sjoqvist in five patients after a test dose of 14C-nortriptyline. Each et was before and al. 1968). These findings were later confirmed in a twin study patient tested again during perphenazine (Alexanderson et al., 1969). Forrest et treatment. In all patients perphenazine treatment caused: al. (1970) found increased (1) decrease of total urinary excretion, (2) decreased urinary excretion of chlorpromazine metabolites when patients plasma level of metabolites, and (3) increased plasma were given additional treatment with phenobarbitone.
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  • Reversible and Irreversible Dyskinesia After Treatment with Perphenazine, Chlorpromazine, Reserpine and Eleetroeonvulsive Therapy* by L
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