ina horizontali, reniformi, subangulata, 7-nervata, supra sparse hirtella, infra gla- infra hirtella, sparse supra 7-nervata, subangulata, reniformi, horizontali, ina

a good open flower. Detailed description of the flower was based on on based flower was the of description Detailed flower. open good a

cause cause of it examples included all include not stages it did of Unfortunately growth. on private property in Dededo, Guam between 3 August 1985 and 26 December December 26 1985 3 and August between Guam Dededo, in property private on

data were based on observations of collected in the wild and cultivated cultivated and wild the in collected plants of observations on based were data

in FAA FAA in and

lerson. Plants from Guam have been transplanted, and have flowered and fruited fruited flowered have and and transplanted, been have Guam from Plants lerson.

population was designated as type. The population from Rota was selected be­ selected was Rota from population The type. as designated was population

currence, ecology and phenology, a description and specimen citations are pre­ are citations specimen and description a phenology, ecology and currence, imen simultaneously, a collection including several individuals from a single single a from individuals several including collection a simultaneously, imen

in the Rinehart and Lang gardens in Dededo, Guam. Guam. Dededo, in gardens Lang and Rinehart the in

and Rota in the Mariana Islands over the past several years; it has been brought brought been has years; it several past the over Islands Mariana the in Rota and sented below, based on the joint observations of Agnes Rinehart and Lynn Rau­ Lynn and Agnes of Rinehart observations the joint on based below, sented

t a tkn oe ie o eosrt is ullf-yl.A con o t oc­ its of account life-cycle. An full its demonstrate to time some taken has it

vegetative and flowering seasons, and very short and usually incomplete anthesis, anthesis, incomplete usually flowering and short vegetative and very seasons, and

into cultivation and has flowered. Because of its peculiar phenology-separate phenology-separate peculiar its of Because flowered. has and cultivation into

18135. 18135.

Micronesica Micronesica

1988. 1988.

Nervilia jacksoniae jacksoniae

Planta terrestris; tubere globoso ad apicem rhizomatoso; unifoliato; folii folii unifoliato; lam­ globoso rhizomatoso; tubere terrestris; ad apicem Planta

Because leaves and flowers are not usually found on a single single a on found usually not flowers are and Because leaves

A new species of of species new A

inflorescence with a deeply folded, fimbriate lip. lip. fimbriate folded, deeply a inflorescence with

seasonal, characterized by a reniform, hirtellous leaf and a uniflorous uniflorous a and leaf hirtellous reniform, a by characterized seasonal,

Mariana Islands of Rota and Guam is described. The is small, small, is plant The described. is Guam and Rota of Islands Mariana

Abstract-A Abstract-A

Nervilia Nervilia

The drawing of the lip (Fig. 1) was accomplished by preserving the flower flower the 1) preserving by (Fig. lip accomplished was of the drawing The

24(1): 81-85, 1991 1991 81-85, 24(1):

la!er la!er

jacksoniae jacksoniae

teasing teasing

new species of , Orchidaceae, of species new

Botany Department, National Museum of Natural History History Natural of Museum National Department, Botany

Smithsonian Institution Washington, D.C. 20560 20560 D.C. Washington, Institution Smithsonian

Nervilia Nervilia

P.O. Box 428 Agana, Guam 96910 U.S.A. U.S.A. 96910 Guam Agana, 428 Box P.O.

it open under a binocular dissecting microscope. Growth Growth dissecting microscope. a binocular under open it

Rinehart Rinehart

nov. nov. new a sp., species orchidaceae of from

AGNES F. RINEHART RINEHART F. AGNES

Guam Guam and Rota

Comm. ex Gaud. has been observed on Guam Guam on observed been has Gaud. ex Comm.

F. R. FOSBERG FOSBERG R. F.

Introduction Introduction

& &

Description Description

Fosberg nov. sp. sp. nov. Fosberg

and and

Nervilia jacksoniae jacksoniae Nervilia

Nervilia Nervilia

from the the from

Raulerson Raulerson spec­

cm. cm.

1 1

A. The The A. The lip. B. with leaf tuber, rhizomes and new

cm. cm.

The The flower. D. The seed capsule and new leaf.

1 1

C. C.

Nerviliajacksoniae. Nerviliajacksoniae.

l. l.

tubers. tubers. Figure Figure

Raulerson 11102 11102 Raulerson

and preserved in FAA 28 May 1986. 1986. May 28 FAA in preserved and

3 August 1985 and cultivated on John Lang property, Dededo. Flowered in cul- in Flowered Dededo. property, Lang John on cultivated and 1985 August 3

Homes and Yigo, developing seed capsules, no leaves. 17 June 1986 1986 17 June leaves. no capsules, seed developing Yigo, and Homes

Northern Guam: Guam: Northern Rinehart property, Dededo. Flowered in cultivation 27 May 1986. Flower cut cut Flower 1986. May 27 cultivation in Flowered Dededo. property, Rinehart

Homes and Yigo, sterile specimens collected 3 August 1985 and cultivated A. A. cultivated and 1985 August 3 collected specimens sterile Yigo, and Homes

stone. Sterile. 31 August 1985. 1985. August 31 Sterile. stone.

Rota, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands: Islands: Mariana Northern the of Commonwealth Rota,

Raulerson 1184 1184 Raulerson m. Sterile. 19 December 1988. 1988. December 19 Sterile. m.

25 m from the ocean, between the road and the base of the cliff. Elevation Elevation cliff. the of base the and road the between ocean, the from m 25

12797 12797

lerson 13282 13282 lerson

Elevation Elevation

strand about 25 m from the ocean, between the road and the base of the cliff. cliff. the of base the and road the between ocean, the from m 25 about strand

the Guam Orchid Society and pioneer collector of Guam orchids. orchids. Guam of collector pioneer and Society Orchid Guam the

(GUAM). (GUAM).

h ra ad h bs o h cliff the of base the and road the

mile) north ofSongsong Village, back strand about 25 m from the ocean, between between ocean, the from m 25 about strand Village, back ofSongsong north mile)

green, 7-veined, the margin slightly concave between the veins. Flower at the the at Flower veins. the between concave slightly margin the 7-veined, green, tending to 18 to 20 cm over a period ofabout 23 days as the seed capsule matures. matures. capsule seed the as 23 days ofabout period a over 18 20 cm to to tending

Holotype, GUAM isotype with additional specimens preserved in FAA. FAA. in preserved specimens additional with isotype GUAM Holotype,

ewe 10 n 10 or. cp 4 m og ih w seie rcs ex­ bracts, sterile two with long cm 7 4- Scape hours. 1400 and 1000 between

seed capsules. 8 August 1985. 1985. 8 August capsules. seed

the surface of the ground. Leaf single, reniform-cordate to reniform-oval and and reniform-oval to reniform-cordate single, Leaf ground. the of surface the

ibit ad epy odd wt aclu o re his n sot papillae short and hairs green of callus a with folded, deeply and fimbriate

apex of the scape, single, 15 mm across. Tepals pale green 10 X 3 mm. Lip white, white, Lip 3 mm. X 10 green pale Tepals across. 15 mm single, scape, the of apex

rud rm h se aoe h tbr rdc nwtbr a hi aie. Leaf­ apices. their at tubers new produce tuber the above stem the from ground

bra, petiolus 3m longo; scapo evoluto solum post folia dilabentace, bibraceato bibraceato dilabentace, folia post solum evoluto scapo longo; 3m petiolus bra,

not opening widely. Column slender 0.5 cm tall, two pollinia. Flowers open briefly briefly open Flowers pollinia. two tall, 0.5 cm slender Column widely. opening not reaching 3.2 cm from the short V-shaped sinus to the tip, 5.3 cm wide. Upper Upper wide. cm 5.3 tip, the to sinus V-shaped short the from cm 3.2 reaching

labello albo, fimbriato, callo viridi piloso papillatoque; anthese duratione 10 10 00- duratione anthese papillatoque; piloso viridi callo fimbriato, albo, labello stem and petiole short, holding the blade horizontally at about 3 cm or just above above or just 3 cm about at horizontally blade the holding short, petiole and stem

unifloro; flore sub anthesi erecto; tepalis acutis, 10 X 3 mm, pallide viridibus; viridibus; pallide mm, 3 X 10 acutis, tepalis erecto; anthesi sub flore unifloro;

surface a plain bright green, sparsely hirtellous, underside glabrous and a lighter lighter a and glabrous underside hirtellous, sparsely green, bright plain a surface subglobose 1-1.5 cm long. During the vegetative stage, rhizomes emerging below below emerging rhizomes stage, vegetative the During long. cm 1-1.5 subglobose

14 00 horis; capsula ellipsoidea cemua. cemua. ellipsoidea capsula horis; 14 00

Between Wilson Homes and Yigo, on limestone. Sterile. 3 August 1985. 1985. August 3 Sterile. limestone. on Yigo, and Homes Wilson Between

Hillside forest near large gun on the road to Sabana. Sterile. 7 August 1985 1985 August 7 Sterile. Sabana. to road the on gun large near forest Hillside

Etymology: Named in honor of Edna Jackson, deceased, charter member of of member charter deceased, Jackson, Edna of honor in Named Etymology:

Type: Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands: Rota 1.6 km (one (one km 1.6 Rota Islands: Mariana Northern the of Commonwealth Type:

A terrestrial herb, bearing leaves and flowers at separate seasons. Tuber Tuber seasons. separate at flowers and leaves bearing herb, terrestrial A

(GUAM). Between Wilson Homes and Yigo, sterile specimens collected collected specimens sterile Yigo, and Homes Wilson Between (GUAM).

< <

(GUAM). Rota, 1.6 km north ofSongsong Village, back strand about about strand Village, back ofSongsong 1.6 north km Rota, (GUAM).

3 m. Leaves, closed flowers and seed capsules. 9 August 1986. 1986. August 9 capsules. seed and flowers closed Leaves, m. 3

(GUAM). 1.6 km (one mile) north of Songsong Village, back back Village, Songsong of north mile) (one km 1.6 (GUAM).

(GUAM). Dededo, woodland west ofYpapao Estates, on lime­ on Estates, ofYpapao west woodland Dededo, (GUAM).

OTHER SPECIMENS EXAMINED EXAMINED SPECIMENS OTHER

Rinehart Rinehart

L. Raulerson Raulerson L.

Raulerson 19157 19157 Raulerson

. .

Raulerson 11504 11504 Raulerson

Elevation Elevation

& &

Fosberg

Raulerson 12792 12792 Raulerson

: :

& &

New Orchid Orchid New

< <

A

. .

3 m. Leaves, closed flowers and and flowers closed Leaves, m. 3

Rinehart. Raulerson Raulerson Rinehart.

(GUAM). (GUAM).

(GUAM). Between Wilson Wilson Between (GUAM).

GUAM. Between Wilson Wilson Between GUAM.

11310. 11310. US.

Raulerson Raulerson

Rau­

. .

< <

Lip Lip

83 83 3 3

A. A.

Rinehart Rinehart

A. A.

Raulerson Raulerson 18135

18066 18066 (GUAM).

(GUAM). (GUAM). Hilaan, sandy

November November 1988 and cultivated

5 5

Raulerson Raulerson 13609

Discussion Discussion

Micronesica Micronesica (24)1, 1991

(GUAM). (GUAM). Limestone forest area below Mt. Lamlam

is is not uncommon on Guam; it is found in limestone

(GUAM). (GUAM). Cliflline forest above Double Reef, NCS. On

appears appears to flower seasonally. Growth of the new leaves

P. Eastlick P. Eastlick M. & Mesngon, L. Raulerson

(GUAM). (GUAM).

jacksoniae jacksoniae

Raulerson Raulerson 13053.

Raulerson Raulerson 12798

Nervi/ia Nervi/ia jacksoniae

Colonies Colonies on Guam are small. are Because produced flowers during the leafless

Nervilia Nervilia

Limestone Limestone forest area of Japanese Overlook, Naval Magazine. Sterile. 19

Ravine Ravine forest below Lower Sigua Falls. Clay soil. Sterile. December 10 1988.

(GUAM). (GUAM). Asmafines River, ravine forest above the road on clay soil, sterile.

flowered flowered much earlier.

number number of mature leaves in the population might indicate that those individuals

habitats habitats ranging from the back strand at Hilaan on the northwest coast to ca 300

noon noon of the following year (9 August 1986) may have been too late in the day,

or or perhaps the population was at the end of the flowering season. The large

flowering flowering it has included many immature seed capsules with persistent flowers

inhibitive inhibitive Another effect. collection (Raulerson made 13282) during sunny a after­

in in the Dededo area. The population of the back strand on Rota large, is and when

The The first collection was made during a rainy morning; perhaps the rain had an

which which could be preserved in FAA and teased apart. No open flowers were found.

One One formed a seed capsule after opening only the dorsal . All flowers ob­

season. season. In addition, some flowers appear to become fertile without opening fully.

stage stage of an individual plant, it is difficult to locate them during the blooming

served served on Guam were on plants collected in the wild and cultivated on properties

710 710

maturity maturity the new leaf emerges from the stem at ground level.

of of about 23 days required for the seed capsule to mature. As the capsule reaches

flower flower closes. The scape elongates rapidly to as much as 20 cm over the period

rainy rainy season (Fig. 2). Most leaves start to die during the dry season in January

cm cm high (Figs. 3-4); it is open less than four hours, bending downward as the

early early August. The flower usually opens pointed upward when the scape is 4-5

and and the plant dormant is until the inflorescence emerges sometime in May through

and and underground tubers which produce new leaves is accomplished during the

8 8 November 1988,

Central Central Guam:

Southern Southern Guam:

geologic survey survey geologic marker. Elevation m. ca 300 December Sterile. 7. 6 198

July July 1986

(GUAM). (GUAM).

hours; hours; preserved in FAA 1400 hours 26 December 1988.

from from its leaf flowered unseasonably 26 December 1988. The flower opened 1130

Rinehart Rinehart property, Dededo, Guam. A single tuber which had become separated

limestone. limestone. Sterile. 31 August 1986.

84 84

in in FAA

A. A. Rinehart 894 back back strand. Sterile specimens collected tivation. tivation. Persistent flower and developing seed capsule 27 June 1986. Preserved

Lavarack, P. S P. Lavarack,

eevd 3Jn 1990 13 June Received

Gaudichaud, C. 1826. Voyage autour du monde . . . sur les corvettes de de corvettes les sur . . . monde du autour Voyage 1826. C. Gaudichaud,

glabrous with about 10 veins while the leaves of of leaves the while 10 veins about with glabrous

Fosberg, F. R. and and R. F. Fosberg,

curator GUAM , for advice, editorial assistance and having a large large a having and assistance editorial advice, for Herbarium, GUAM curator

supply growth data. An additional thank you is extended to Lynn Raulerson, Raulerson, Lynn to extended is you thank additional An data. growth supply

oo o h flower the of color

selection of plants curated and available. available. and curated plants of selection

does not appear to fit this species. species. this fit to appear not does lip of of lip

type specimen has not been found (Fosberg (Fosberg found been not has specimen type

(1826) located a a located (1826) ippines (Lavarack (Lavarack ippines

oiz) edn. fAsrla Ppa e Gie ad noei t te Phil­ the to and Guinea New Papua , of Seidenf. Moritzi) & 7 veins. veins. 7

inhabits similar areas. Further, it may have been confused with with confused been have may it Further, areas. similar inhabits

mature leaves of the larger and more common common more and larger the of leaves mature

forests along rivers in central and southern Guam. On Rota it has been collected collected been has it Rota On Guam. southern and central in rivers along forests h frss Te ln i ml ad nosiuu, h lae rsmln te im­ the resembling leaves the inconspicuous, and small is plant The forests. the

Schltr., a ravine forest species which also bears hirtellous leaves. Gaudichaud Gaudichaud leaves. hirtellous bears also which species forest ravine a Schltr.,

reveal more populations. It may have been overlooked during previous botanical botanical previous during overlooked been have may It populations. more reveal

in two widely separated areas and one can assume that further investigations will will investigations further that assume can one and areas separated widely two in

m in the forests of Mt. Lamlam. It has also been found on clay soil in ravine ravine in soil clay on found been also has It Lamlam. Mt. of forests the in m months during the dry season when it is the most pleasant for hikers to investigate investigate to hikers for pleasant most is the it when season dry the during months

searches of the islands for various reasons: the plant is dormant four or more more or four dormant is plant the reasons: various for islands the of searches

Botanique. Paris. Pillet Pillet Paris. Botanique.

l'Uranie et la Physicienne, pendant les les pendant Physicienne, la et l'Uranie

cronesica 20: 131-156. 131-156. 20: cronesica Melbourne, Australia. 177 pp. pp. 177 Australia. Melbourne,

The authors would like to thank John Lang and David Hopper who helped helped who Hopper David and Lang John thank to like would authors The

Nervilia jacksoniae jacksoniae Nervilia

N. N.

jacksoniae jacksoniae

. .

& &

Nervilia Nervilia

B. Gray. 1985. Tropical orchids of Australia. Thomas Nelson, Nelson, Thomas Australia. of orchids Tropical 1985. Gray. B.

. .

, ,

& &

The labellum of of labellum The

M. H. H. M.

revised 6 Jan. 1991. 1991. Jan. 6 revised

Gray 1985). The two species are similar in size, shape, and and shape, size, in similar are species two The 1985). Gray

remains tightly folded. The leaves of of leaves The folded. tightly remains

may be closely related to to related closely be may

on Rota which he called called he which Rota on

aht 18.Ntwrh Mcoein lns . Mi­ 5. Plants Micronesian Noteworthy 1987. Sachet.

Rinehart Rinehart

aine, aine,

Acknowledgements Acknowledgements

522 522

References References

& &

N. N.

Fosberg: Fosberg: Orchid New

pp. pp.

crociformis crociformis

& &

annees annees

Sachet, 1987) and his description description his and 1987) Sachet,

N. N.

Nervilia aragoana aragoana Nervilia

Nervilia crociformis crociformis Nervilia

jacksoniae jacksoniae

Nervilia ovata ovata Nervilia

opens widely; in contrast, the the contrast, in widely; opens

1817, 1817,

1818, 1819 et 1820. 1820. et 1819 1818,

N. crociformis crociformis N.

are hirtellous with with hirtellous are

Nervilia Nervilia

Gaud., but the the but Gaud.,

Gaud. which which Gaud.

platychi/a platychi/a

(Zollinger (Zollinger

S. S. M.

are are 85 85

Rinehart Rinehart

rainy season. Figure 3 Figure season. rainy

flower. flower.

& &

Fosberg-Plate Fosberg-Plate

I. I.

. .

Figure 2. The leaves of of leaves The 2. Figure

Apical view of the flower. Figure 4 Figure flower. the of view Apical

Nervilia Nervilia jacksoniae

. .

Side view of the the of view Side during the the during