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EXTENSIONS of REMARKS March 26, 1992 EXTENSIONS of REMARKS JOHN FROHNMAYER, OUTGOING Renew and Maintain Our Democracy, We Have Been a Great Age of Repression

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EXTENSIONS of REMARKS March 26, 1992 EXTENSIONS of REMARKS JOHN FROHNMAYER, OUTGOING Renew and Maintain Our Democracy, We Have Been a Great Age of Repression 7322 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 26, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS JOHN FROHNMAYER, OUTGOING renew and maintain our democracy, we have been a great age of repression. And one of my CHAIRMAN OF THE NATIONAL the First Amendment. And one of the very favorites of this is Mannheirn, Germany, in ENDOWMENT FOR THE ARTS, nice things about the freedom of expression 1853, when the statue of Venus de Milo was DISCUSSES THE VITAL IMPOR­ calendar, which I have on my back desk, is put on trial for nudity and obscenity. This that everyday one can re-read the First was the statue herself, sitting up there with­ TANCE OF FREEDOM OF EXPRES­ Amendment, and so let me re-read it for you: out arms, and draped as you know. SION Congress shall make no law respecting an es­ The account does not tell us whether she tablishment of religion, or prohibiting the was read her rights, asked to testify, or even HON. TOM LANTOS free exercise thereof, or abridging the free­ if she'd been struck with a fit of modesty OF CALIFORNIA dom of speech or of the press or of the right how without arms she would have been able of the people peaceably to assemble and to to clothe herself. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES petition the government for a redress of Another notable example in the United Thursday, March 26, 1992 grievances. States, in the 1920s, the jazz age there was an Each generation must re-enfranchise both Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, on Monday, anti-jazz movement to censor this form of our democracy and the First Amendment. American music, ~ professor proved that March 23, John Frohnmayer, the outgoing And because of three tensions in our society, women, pregnant women, who listen to jazz chairman of the National Endowment for the we as a generation are having more dif­ had deformed babies. Jazz was described by Arts, addressed the National Press Club. His ficulty than most. its critics as decadent and the devil's music speech focused on our first amendment and What we are really involved here with, in composed of jungle rhythms. Even serious the importance of freedom of expression with­ my view, and the arts are the focal point of critics had problems with the art, stating in our democracy. Mr. Frohnmayer, as a sac­ this, is a redefinition of the social contract that since jazz was improvised, it was con­ rificial lamb to political expediency by Presi­ for our generation. trary to discipline. I will return to these three tensions in just And critics had their way in some in­ dent Bush, speaks with great experience. a moment. But first, the First Amendment stances. In Chicago a law was passed that In his election year effort to ingratiate him­ tells us that religion, ideas, associations, and made it illegal to play a trumpet or a saxo­ self to extremists-a segment of our society the right to criticize the government, belong phone after dark, and a ship, an ocean liner, whose skewed view of our first amendment to the people. Since all art deals with expres­ got partway out into the Atlantic, and rights is deeply disturbing-President Bush sion, with ideas, all art is speech, and there­ turned around and summarily dumped the sent Mr. Frohnmayer packing. fore, all art is protected by the First Amend­ band on the dock for having the temerity to John Frohnmayer is a decent and honest ment from government interference except play jazz. man whose commitment to the ideals of free in three very clearly defined areas, which are Closer to horne, and more immediate, the speech and freedom of expression should be well known to all of you. Those are: criminal Endowment funded a film called "Poison" behavior, perjury, fraud, bribery, forgery, which depicts allegorically the AIDS epi­ praised and welcomed by all of us who abide that sort of thing; physical dangerous behav­ demic, societal violence, homosexual rela­ by the principles upon which our democratic ior-this is the line of cases following tions. It is an award-winning film, picked by country was founded. Chaplinsky (phonetic) v. New Hampshire, the a panel of award-winning directors and film Mr. Speaker, in the context of his involun­ fighting-words doctrine, or the famous law experts. tary departure from the National Endowment that all of you know, crying "Fire" in a Congress received thousands of protest let­ for the Arts, Mr. Frohnmayer's remarks at the crowded theater; and finally obscenity. ters, most of which came from people who National Press Club were extremely insightful. And obscenity has a very clear definition. hadn't seen it. It's the three-part definition from Miller v. Similarly, the Endowment has funded a I include his speech in today's RECORD and I California. And unfortunately, in the dis­ publication called the Portable Lower East urge my colleagues to give it the thoughtful at­ course that I have been so much a part of Side, which contained a graphic and disturb­ tention it deserves. over the last three years, the attackers of ing poem depicting the thoughts of a 13-year­ SPEECH OF JOHN FROHNMAYER the National Endowment have paid very lit­ old black child involved in a brutal rape and Thank you very much. I am here with the tle attention to the legal definition of ob­ near killing of a female jogger in Central important people: my wife; my lawyer; my scenity. Park. rowing companion, Susan, down there; and of They have rather used it to mean whatever Six lines were taken out of context and course those of you from the press who have it is they don't happen to like. That's not mailed to members of Congress by the Rev. been my constant companions over the last what the word means. Donald Wildman (phonetic), from Tupelo, three years. But the rub comes when we, as the govern­ Mississippi, and I am told that my defense of One caveat at the start of my remarks. ment, support individual free expression the literary merit of that poem was the pre­ They are mine; I am not speaking on behalf under the general welfare provision of the cipitating event of my firing. of the administration. Constitution. All civilized governments have Much of the poem was later printed in the (Laughter.) done that, and all civilized governments in­ Washington Post, which allowed citizens an And one other preliminary, please. And cluding our own, should do that. But when opportunity to judge for themselves whether that is that this speech was conceived as a the government does support free expression, it had artistic value. part of the symposium that Sandy Younger it must do so with a level playing field, no Artists often without varnish and some­ and the people at American University have blacklists, and no ideological preconcep­ times without much civility tell us the truth put together with the press club with foreign tions. as they see it. And sometimes they're right, journalists about freedom of expression and When the artist or speaker expresses what and sometimes they're not. Sometimes its fate and condition around the world. some deem to be dangerous or radical or they're profound. We hope that everything As a consequence, I am going to be talking blasphemous or crude ideas, we encounter we fund is, but we know that this intellec­ about the First Amendment and some of the the kind of free-for-all that we have seen tual research, and that research does notal­ problems that we have had with it here in over the last three years. Congress has got­ ways produce results. the United States over the last three years. ten more mail on this issue, much of it gen­ And sometimes the artists tell us unkind But I specifically direct my remarks to erated by rightwing fundamentalist groups, truths about ourselves, truths which are dif­ those foreign journalists because I believe than Congress has gotten on the savings and ficult to hear, which make us uncomfortable. that the First Amendment is our dearest lib­ loan crisis. And just to put that into perspec­ But as a famous artist put it, artistic growth erty, and one which we should be constantly tive, the savings and loan crisis will cost is a refining of the sense of truthfulness. The attempting to export and promote in the rest each of us over $2,000. The National Endow­ stupid believe that to be truthful is easy. of the world. ment for the Arts costs each of you 68 cents Only the artist, the great artist, knows how Democracy is constant in the process of be­ per year. difficult it is. coming. It is never fixed, it is never secure, So, how do we deal with it? First, a little Similarly, several works have been at­ and it's never comfortable. To protect and history. For every great age of art, there has tacked by religious groups claiming sac- • This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. March 26, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 7323 rilege, or blasphemy, specifically the work of The lobbing of electronic bombs oy print or volvement. Every child who has honestly Andre Serrano (phonetic), entitled airwaves seldom allows an issue to be written a poem or performed a song or dance "Pischrist" (phonetic), and the work of squarely confronted, let alone debated.
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