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accountability corruption, 1, 2, 5, 7, 7n. 12, 9, 10, 12, downward accountability, 6, 10, 14, 14n. 15n. 26, 25, 27, 77, 77n. 4, 78, 79, 23, 79, 83, 106, 116, 153, 228, 230n. 79n. 13, 80, 80n. 16, 82, 83, 85, 86, 3, 231, 232 86n. 27, 86n. 28, 87, 87n. 31, 87n. 32, horizontal accountability, 84, 116, 117 88, 89, 90, 90n. 36, 91, 92, 92n. 37, upward accountability, 10, 16, 83, 92n. 38, 92n. 39, 93, 94, 95, 95n. 43, 116, 145n. 51, 153, 225, 227, 230, 96t.3.1., 102n. 50, 103n. 54, 106, 110, 230n. 3 111, 113, 114, 116, 127, 141, 142, Agricultural Bank of China, 49 145, 145n. 51, 149, 149n. 57, 157, Allison, Graham, 201 158n. 15, 161n. 18, 164, 171, 197, Asian Financial Crisis, 7, 119 199n. 11, 216, 224, 230, 230n. 3 attapulgite, 27, 55, 148 county branding, 136– 39 authoritarian fragmentation, 3 Deng Xiaoping, 31, 210 Bank of China, 49 development zones, 14, 27, 40n. 19,43– 45, Beijing, 18, 20n. 35, 109, 130n. 26, 138, 44n. 35, 51, 73, 98, 99, 100, 101n. 47, 139, 141, 162, 164, 185, 193, 198, 104, 110, 134, 136n. 36, 220 198n. 10, 200, 204n. 22, 205t.6.1., developmental state, 4, 7, 11, 12, 85, 99n. 46 212n. 33, 233 Dongxiang Autonomous County, 52 Bengbu City, Anhui, 26, 149, 165, 185, Dongyang City, Zhejiang, 200 233 dujin, 179, 184, 187, 188–91, 191n. 38
cadre management system, see personnel Edin, Maria, 198 management system Eisenhower, Dwight D., 143 Cai Duncheng, 138, 148, 163 environmental protection, 52n. 49, 155, Cai Yushui, 163 220, 221, 223, 224, 228 Cao Guoying, 197, 197n. 9 extra-budgetary funds, 11n. 17, 42n. 28 Chen Bingbing, 110, 165 Chen Huanyou, 182t.5.7., 204, 204n. 22, Feng County, Jiangsu, 57 205t.6.1. Feng Yan, 164, 194, 195 China Development Bank, 50 Fewsmith, Joseph, 125–129, 140, 216 Chuzhou City, Anhui, 26, 89, 164, 220 iscal decentralization, 4 concurrent promotion, see gaopei fragmented authoritarianism, 113n. 2
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Gansu, 52, 61, 61n. 60 Jiang Dingzhi, 162 gaopei, viii, 126, 179, 184, 185–91, 185n. Jiang Guoxing, 93, 132, 141n. 45, 147, 35, 186n. 37, 188t.5.9., 190t.5.10., 148, 151, 164, 171, 208 237n. 3 Jiang Zemin, 27, 232 gilded cadres, see dujin Jiangxi, 18, 177n. 26, 204n. 21, 209 Gong Ronggang, 94 Jiashan County, see Mingguang City governance, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18n. Jingbian County, Shaanxi, 211 30, 25, 28, 66, 75, 76, 76n. 2, 76n. 3, Jurong County, Jiangsu, 133, 208, 77, 78, 78n. 9, 79, 79n. 11, 79n. 12, 208n. 26 80, 80n. 16, 81, 82, 82n. 20, 82n. 21, 83, 84, 85, 93n. 40, 98, 102, 102n. 52, Kunshan City, Jiangsu 40n. 20, 52, 53, 106, 107, 111, 112, 134, 135, 139, 53n. 50, 103n. 53, 162n. 20 140, 141, 142, 146n. 52, 195, 196, 214, 215, 216, 218, 223, 225, 226, land expropriation, 46, 148, 211, 220 228, 230, 232 law of avoidance, see system of pro- growth governance, 76– 85, 102– 6 avoidance government failure, 12, 25, 75, 78, 85, leadership characteristics 86– 98, 86n. 26, 106, 129, 141, connections, 124, 126, 129–33, 225 196, 225 control, 125, 127, 141–45, 225 grabbing hands, 2, 5, 85 courage, 125, 127, 146–49, 225 growth accounting, 34–38, 71 creativity, 124, 128, 134–41, 225 Guangzhou, 41n. 22, 41n. 26 Li Jiye, 163 guanxi, 14, 107n. 58, 114, 124, 127, 129, Li Qun, 109 131, 133, 157, 179, 187 Li Weiping, 184 Guizhou, 53 Li Yuanchao, 28, 118n. 14, 132, 182t.5.7., Guo Jinlong, 182t.5.7., 204, 204n. 22, 184, 204, 205, 205t.6.1., 208 205t.6.1. Li Yuanzhang, 88 Liang Baohua, 182t.5.7., 184 Hainan, 18n. 32, 60, 162 Lianshui County, Jiangsu, 118n. 14, 118n. Hanyuan County, Sichuan, 200 14, 132, 182t.5.7., 184 Hebei, 18n. 32, 141n. 44, 159 Lianyungang City, Jiangsu, 62n. 61, helping hands, 2, 3, 5, 85 182t.5.7., 201 Hu Chunhua, 207, 207n. 24 local economic development (LED), Hu Qiwang, 39, 43, 51n. 47, 142 81– 83, 84 Hua Jianhui, 163, 165, 171 Local Governance Innovation Award, 9, Huaian Prefecture, 27, 138, 163, 182t.5.7. 140, 218 Huaiyin City, 88, 109, 163 local government inancing vehicles Hui Liangyu, 182t.5.7., 182t.5.7., 204, (LGFV), 50, 50n. 45, 51, 52 205, 205t.6.1. Luo Zhijun, 133, 182t.5.7. Huntington, Samuel, 87, 210–212 “M- form” corporate hierarchy, 12 implementation bias, 3, 5, 118 Mao Zedong, 113 Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, 49 market failure, 12, 25, 75, 77, 85, 86, Inner Mongolia, 55, 207, 207n. 24 98– 106, 225 intergovernmental iscal transfers, 9, 11, market- preserving federalism, 4 11n. 17, 14, 28, 40n. 19, 42, 50, 51n. mass incidents, 199, 199n. 12, 200, 207, 48, 52, 52n. 49, 52n. 49, 82n. 21, 88, 212, 212n. 33, 212n. 35, 220 89, 124, 127, 130, 131, 131n. 29, Mertha, Andrew, 114, 116 131n. 29, 131n. 30, 152n. 3, 174n. 25, Mingguang City, Anhui, 21, 26, 27, 28, 47, 181, 185, 221n. 45 47n. 40,49n. 43, 54, 55, 88, 89, 90, investment promotion, 42– 50 92, 94, 98, 104n. 57, 110, 111, 116,
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132, 132n. 32, 136, 141, 148, 164, Shiji Township, 49, 50 171, 179, 193, 220 Shunde District, Guangdong, 217 Moore, Barrington, 207 Shuyang County, Jiangsu, 99n. 45, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 213n. 38 Nanjing, Jiangsu, 35, 26, 27, 182t.5.7., Si County, Anhui, 28, 44n. 35, 46, 47, 54, 185, 201, 233 73, 74, 75, 75n. 1, 87n. 32, 102n. 52, Naughton, Barry, 6 104n. 57, 141, 149, 165, 193, 195, 200 Ni Fake, 163 Sihong County, Jiangsu, 21, 28, 33, 44, Northern Jiangsu, 10, 19, 22, 27, 28, 33, 48n. 43, 49, 54, 55, 88, 90, 93, 96, 45–46, 52, 62, 74, 94, 99, 133, 163, 100, 101, 125, 133, 135, 136, 136n. 190, 208, 209 37, 138, 142, 163, 193, 194, 195 Siyang County, Jiangsu, 42n. 28 Oi, Jean, 4, 12, 113, 232 Song Weiping, 164, 171 local state corporatism, 4, 10, 232 Southern Jiangsu, 10, 28, 33, 40n. 19, 54, Olson, Mancur, 210 62, 132, 133, 208 Organization Department, 97, 109, 115, special economic zones (SEZs), 31 118, 142, 149, 154, 154n. 7, 155, stability maintenance, 2, 16, 25, 192, 155n. 9, 158, 163, 202 196– 201, 204, 215, 220, 223, 226 stages of development, 82, 207, 209, 210 patronage, 103n. 54, 150, 156, 157, 157n. state owned enterprise restructuring, 31, 13, 178–84, 185, 186, 187, 188, 190, 38, 42, 47, 211 191, 199, 215 Subei, see Northern Jiangsu personnel management system, 6, 14, 108, Suihua City, Heilongjiang, 92 143, 152, 153–58, 159, 171, 231 Suiling County, Heilongjiang, 92 system of avoidance, 155 Suining County, Jiangsu, 28, 44, 45, 46, veto targets, 156, 197, 199, 208 47, 54, 73, 74, 75, 85, 87n. 32, 93, 97, petitions, viii, 129, 146n. 51, 196, 197–98, 99, 100, 101, 101n. 47, 101n. 48, 102, 197n. 6, 197n. 9, 202n. 18, 204, 205, 132, 133, 135, 136, 138, 139, 141, 205t.6.1., 208, 208n. 26, 211, 213, 141n. 44, 145, 147, 148, 151, 164, 213n. 38, 235 171, 208, 213, 216, 229 preferential policies, 12, 13n. 19, 28, 32, Sunan, see Southern Jiangsu 32n. 8, 39, 43–46, 48, 51, 62n. 61, 73, Suqian City, Jiangsu, 125, 126, 127n. 24, 74, 98, 124, 126t.4.3., 129, 130, 136, 152, 164, 195 142, 152n. 3, 209, 225 Suzhou City, Jiangsu, 152 principal- agent, 15, 15n. 24, 15n. 25, 112, 153, 228 Taicang County, Jiangsu, 184 Pu Ronggao, 184 Tan Zhengyu, 200 target responsibility system, see personnel Qian Long, 54 management system Qin Zhengbao, 164 Theil index, 59, 60n. 56, 60n. 57, 61 Qiu He, 125–29, 125n. 22, 130, 140, Third Front, 209 141, 143, 146, 146n. 51, 162, 180, three disorders, 229 213n. 38 Tibet, 40, 207, 207n. 24, 238n. 5 tournament promotion, 6, 24n. 37, 25, rising labor costs, 39– 41 152, 157, 178, 179, 180, 191, 229, 230n. 4, 237 Shanghai, 18, 26, 27, 28, 30n. 4, 40, 41n. township and village enterprises (TVEs), 3, 26, 53n. 51, 56, 58t.2.1., 62, 62n. 61, 24, 30, 31, 32, 32n. 10, 32n. 8, 38, 42, 64, 101, 109, 132, 132n. 32, 144n. 49, 43, 47, 54n. 52, 106, 148n. 55, 211 198, 216 transparency, 87n. 29, 96, 97, 98, 127, Shenzhen, 30n. 4, 33, 41, 41n. 26, 217n. 40 140, 141, 141n. 44, 164, 216, 218
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Tsai, Kellee, 14, 51, 99 Xuyi County, Jiangsu, 21, 26, 27, 28, 32n. local logics of economic possibility, 10, 41n. 27, 43, 43n. 30, 44, 48n. 43, 14, 99 49, 54, 55, 88, 90, 99, 101, 102n. 49, 109, 110, 111, 134, 135, 136, 137, upper echelons theory, 201 137n. 38, 138, 143, 144n. 49, 146n. urbanization, 17n. 27, 29, 30n. 3, 34, 40, 51, 147, 148, 148n. 56, 163, 171, 213, 46, 47, 82n. 20, 110, 135, 212, 221 213n. 37, 229 Crawish Festival, 27, 110, 136, Virginia, 62 137, 147 Xuzhou City, Jiangsu, 132, 164, 209 Wan Li, 217 Wang Daohan, 27, 132, 132n. 32, 179 Yancheng City, Jiangsu, 163 Wang Jianhua, 201 Yang Jingxue, 88 Wang Jinshan, 182t.5.7., 204, 205, Yangzhong City, Jiangsu, 162 205t.6.1. Yantai City, Shandong, 93n. 40, 140, Wang Shigao, 43 217, 218 Wang Taihua, 182t.5.7., 204, 205t.6.1. yibashou, 1, 18, 111, 115, 116, 117, 143, Wang Tianqi, 54, 73, 97, 100, 138, 139, 149, 199n. 11, 208 141, 145, 148, 151, 164, 171, 216 Ying Xing, 198 Wang Youfu, 26, 41n. 27, 110, 137, 144n. Yunnan, 40, 125, 163 49, 146n. 51, 147, 163, 213 West Virginia, 62 Zeguo Township, Zhejiang, 140, 217n. Whiting, Susan, 198 41, 218 Wuhe County, Anhui, 28, 39, 43, 44, 44n. Zhang Guiyi, 88, 165 35, 45n. 36, 45n. 36, 48n. 43, 51n. Zhang Jinming, 140 47, 54, 55, 75, 88, 90, 91, 104n. 57, Zhang Quanjing, 115, 154 136, 141, 141n. 46, 142, 148, 163, Zhang Shuping, 113, 117n. 12 165, 171 Zhang Songjian, 89–90, 110, 148, 165 Wuhu City, Anhui, 220 Zhangjiagang, City, Jiangsu, 62n. 61 Zhao Peng, 109–10, 135, 136, 143, Xi Jinping, 1, 2, 159 163, 171 Xie Hui, 164 Zhejiang, 18, 41n. 26, 62n. 61, 90, 96n. Xin Lizhong, 88, 163 44, 101, 115n. 6, 177n. 26, 198, 200, xinfang, see petitions 204n. 21, 209, 213n. 36, 217, 217n. 41 Xinhe Township, 140 Zhengding County, Hebei, 159 Xu De, 96, 135, 142 Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu, 184, 208n. 26 Xu Shexin, 88, 148, 165 Zhou Enlai, 157 Xu Yijun, 50 Zhu Hanqing, 229 Xue Xianzao, 89, 164 Zhu Rongji, 198 Xujia County, Anhui, 21, 55 Zhu Yong, 165, 171
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