DOCSLIB.ORG

T Cells Stop to Smell the (Antigenic) Roses Pamela J

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
T Cells Stop to Smell the (Antigenic) Roses Pamela J T Cells Stop to Smell the (Antigenic) Roses Pamela J. Fink J Immunol 2006; 177:1379-1380; ; This information is current as doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.3.1379 of October 1, 2021. http://www.jimmunol.org/content/177/3/1379 References This article cites 11 articles, 3 of which you can access for free at: Downloaded from http://www.jimmunol.org/content/177/3/1379.full#ref-list-1 Why The JI? Submit online. • Rapid Reviews! 30 days* from submission to initial decision http://www.jimmunol.org/ • No Triage! Every submission reviewed by practicing scientists • Fast Publication! 4 weeks from acceptance to publication *average Subscription Information about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: by guest on October 1, 2021 http://jimmunol.org/subscription Permissions Submit copyright permission requests at: http://www.aai.org/About/Publications/JI/copyright.html Email Alerts Receive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at: http://jimmunol.org/alerts The Journal of Immunology is published twice each month by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc., 1451 Rockville Pike, Suite 650, Rockville, MD 20852 Copyright © 2006 by The American Association of Immunologists All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 0022-1767 Online ISSN: 1550-6606. T Cells Stop to Smell the (Antigenic) Roses Pamela J. Fink1 In 1971, prehistory for many contemporary read- Ab-forming cells, using a modification of a viral plaque-form- ers of The Journal of Immunology, MHC restriction ing assay. In this assay, spleen cells are seeded over a lawn of was yet to be outlined, TCR structure was unex- SRBC or HRBC in agar on a microscope slide and scanned plored, and T cell maturation remained shrouded some time later after the addition of complement for holes (or in mystery. However, elegant work in currently unfashionable plaques) in the lawn. Holes formed in the presence of antiglob- species such as sheep and rats had clearly established that lym- ulin Abs are called indirect plaques, and result from red cell cy- phocytes recirculate, traveling from the blood via lymph nodes tolysis upon secretion of SRBC- or HRBC-specific IgM or IgG to the lymph, and returning to the blood by way of the thoracic Abs by an Ab-forming cell, usually visible in the center of the duct (1, 2). All recirculating lymphocytes eventually traverse the plaque. Cytolysis in the absence of cross-linking antiglobulin Downloaded from thoracic duct. There were also data to suggest that lymphocyte (direct plaques) requires secretion of pentameric IgM Ab. This trafficking was altered by Ag exposure, and the notion that Ag- simple method allows quantification of Ag-specific IgM- and specific lymphocytes could be transiently recruited from the re- IgG-secreting cells. circulating pool was being bandied about (3). It was within this The crystal clear data of Sprent et al. (4) showed that thoracic setting that Jon Sprent joined Graham Mitchell in the lab of duct lymphocytes were depleted of SRBC-specific T cells dur- Jacques Miller at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute in Mel- http://www.jimmunol.org/ bourne and decided it was time to investigate lymphocyte re- ing the first 1 to 2 days of Ag exposure (whereas HRBC-specific circulation in the frustratingly small but inexpensive and genet- T cells were as abundant as they were before SRBC injection). ically malleable species of laboratory mice (4). Conversely, the thoracic duct lymph was specifically enriched Sprent learned to cannulate the minute thoracic duct of anes- for SRBC-reactive T cells by day 5 of Ag encounter. Upon Ag thetized mice, a daunting surgical feat that involved jeweller’s injection, the tissues of the primary donor animal efficiently fil- forceps, 0.5-mm bore nylon tubing, tissue adhesive, a fine horse tered Ag-reactive T cells, first depleting and then enriching their hair to remove lymph clots, and a steady hand coupled with numbers within the pool of recirculating lymphocytes. Sprent infinite patience. In these pre-animal-care-committee days, cannu- and Mitchell showed this process of “biological filtration” ap- lated mice were left for days to run on the top of a hamster wheel, plies equally to alloreactive lymphocytes withdrawn from recir- by guest on October 1, 2021 where they churned out around 20 ml of lymph daily (5, 6). culation 1 to 2 days after injection of histoincompatible lym- To determine whether Ag-specific T cells are recruited from phocytes. Thus, 2 days after injection of (CBA x C57BL/6)F1 the circulation by Ag exposure, Sprent and Mitchell injected spleen cells, thoracic duct lymphocytes from CBA mice were CBA mice i.v. with SRBC and collected thoracic duct lympho- unable to cause graft-vs-host response (measured as splenomeg- cytes over the course of the next 5 days. Why use sheep eryth- aly) when transferred to (CBA x C57BL/6)F1 neonates, but rocytes? Sprent, Miller, and Mitchell reasoned that using a mul- their ability to respond to (CBA x BALB/c)F1 mice remained ticomponent Ag would be more likely to yield a generic answer, unabated (4). rather than one that applied only to that particular antigenic From this foundation, only minor technical embellishments response. SRBC also offer an easy means of enumerating Ab- a b were required to negatively select (MHC xMHC )F1 T cells in forming B cells to measure the extent of T cell–B cell collabo- a Ag-injected parental MHC hosts and show that Ag-specific F1 ration. The abundance of sheep in Australia probably figured T cells able to collaborate with MHCb B cells remained. These into this choice too. To assay for Ag-induced alterations in lym- experiments, performed in 1978, revealed that (MHCa ϫ phocyte trafficking, Sprent and Mitchell assessed the presence MHCb)F T cells are comprised of largely nonoverlapping sets of specific T cells in a secondary host, an adult thymectomized, 1 of Ag-specific T cells able to help MHCa and MHCb B cells (7). irradiated, bone marrow reconstituted mouse (4). This T cell- This strongly implied that each T cell expresses a single type of depleted secondary host provided a ready supply of naive B cells. T cells were supplied by an inoculation of thoracic duct TCR, whether comprised of a single receptor or dual receptors lymphocytes from the original SRBC-injected donor, and their separately recognizing MHC and Ag. Additional experiments, in which MHCa T cells were negatively selected for MHCb ability to provide help for host B cells was assayed upon injec- b tion of either SRBC or horse erythrocytes (HRBC)2 as a con- alloreactivity by filtration through an MHC host, exposed no b trol. T cell help was quantified 6 days later by the number of or few residual Ag-specific MHC -restricted T cells (8). Such acute negative selection contrasted with the developmental tol- erance induced in parent-into-F1 radiation bone marrow chi- 1 Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Pamela J. Fink, Department of b a b Immunology, University of Washington, I-607H HSC, Campus Box 357650, Seattle, meras (MHC bone marrow reconstituted (MHC xMHC )F1 b WA 98195. E-mail address: pfi[email protected] mice), which revealed that MHC T cells developing in an a 2 Abbreviation used in this paper: HRBC, horse RBC. MHC -expressing environment could be restricted to recognizing Copyright © 2006 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. 0022-1767/06/$02.00 1380 PILLARS OF IMMUNOLOGY Ag on MHCa APCs (9). Acute negative selection and develop- Sprent’s experimental approach, largely restricted to in vivo mental tolerance had their vocal opponents and proponents in protocols, a result, Sprent claims, of his inability to use a tissue the 1970s, but we now accept that both techniques expose culture hood while smoking his pipe. His legacy of elegant in underlying properties of T cell development and Ag recogni- vivo experiments, such as those described in this “Pillars of Im- tion. Parent-into-F1 bone marrow chimeras revealed that both munology” article, may be one of the unexpected benefits of tolerance and MHC restriction specificity are developmentally pipe smoking. acquired (as we know now, in the thymus through positive and negative selection). Negative selection by filtration exposed References some inherent crossreactivity of MHC restriction specificity by 1. Gowans, J. L., and E. L. Knight. 1964. The route of re-circulation of lymphocyes in depleting alloreactive cells. the rat. Proc. Roy. Soc. B. 159: 257–282. 2. Hall, J. G., and B. Morris. 1965. The origin of the cells in the efferent lymph from a Our knowledge of the mechanisms by which T cells recircu- single lymph node. J. Exp. Med. 121: 901–910. late has also greatly expanded since 1971. We now understand 3. Ford, W. L., and R. C. Atkins. 1971. Specific unresponsiveness of recirculating lym- that T cells carried through the blood into the spleen can enter phocytes after exposure to histocompatibility antigen in F1 hybrid rats. Nat. New Biol. 234: 178–180. the white pulp and exit via the marginal sinuses. Alternatively, 4. Sprent, J., J. F. A. P. Miller, and G. F. Mitchell. 1971. Antigen-induced selective T cells can pull themselves from the blood into the lymph nodes recruitment of circulating lymphocytes. Cell Immunol. 2: 171–181. 5. Boak, J. L., and M. F. A. Woodruff. 1965. A modified technique for collecting mouse by means of a carefully controlled multistep process of adher- thoracic duct lymph. Nature 205: 396–397. ence to and extravasation through high endothelial venules, 6. Miller, J. F. A. P., and G. F. Mitchell. 1968. Cell to cell interaction in the immune coupled with chemokine-regulated microenvironmental hom- response I.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Early Work on the Discovery of the Function of the Thymus, an Interview with Jacques Miller
    Cell Death & Differentiation (2020) 27:396–401 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41418-019-0462-y Q&A The early work on the discovery of the function of the thymus, an interview with Jacques Miller Jacques Miller1 Published online: 5 December 2019 © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to ADMC Associazione Differenziamento e Morte Cellulare 2019. This article is published with open access This interview is part of a series of articles to mark the 25th anniversary of Cell Death and Differentiation. identified. Here, Cell Death and Differentiation asks Jac- ques Miller about his early work on thymus and T cells. CDD: Could you please describe your personal background, who were your parents, where were you born and what happened in your early years? My father and mother were both born in Paris in 1896. During the first World War (1914–1918), my father, Maurice Meunier, who spoke English fluently, acted as interpreter for the British troops who came to France. In 1919, he married and left with his new wife for China having found a job in a French bank in Peking (now known as Beijing). He spent some 22 years in China and Japan, eventually becoming Manager of the Franco-Chinese Bank in Shanghai. Besides English, he also spoke Spanish flu- ently, and learned Mandarin Chinese which he could write, and also Japanese which he wrote and spoke. In 1930, my mother returned to France by ship for health reasons. Finding that she was pregnant, she decided to have Fig. 1 Jacques (left), Gus Nossal (right) in 1967.
    [Show full text]
  • The Patients of the Bristol Lunatic Asylum in the Nineteenth Century 1861-1900
    THE PATIENTS OF THE BRISTOL LUNATIC ASYLUM IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY 1861-1900 PAUL TOBIA A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of the West of England, Bristol for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Faculty of Arts, Creative Industries and Education March 2017 Word Count 76,717 1 Abstract There is a wide and impressive historiography about the British lunatic asylums in the nineteenth century, the vast majority of which are concerned with their nature and significance. This study does not ignore such subjects but is primarily concerned with the patients of the Bristol Asylum. Who were they, what were their stories and how did they fare in the Asylum and how did that change over our period. It uses a distinct and varied methodology including a comprehensive database, compiled from the asylum records, of all the patients admitted in the nineteenth century. Using pivot tables to analyse the data we were able to produce reliable assessments of the range and nature of the patients admitted; dispelling some of the suggestions that they represented an underclass. We were also able to determine in what way the asylum changed and how the different medical superintendents altered the nature and ethos of the asylum. One of these results showed how the different superintendents had massively different diagnostic criteria. This effected the lives of the patients and illustrates the somewhat random nature of Victorian psychiatric diagnostics. The database was also the starting point for our research into the patients as individuals. Many aspects of life in the asylum can best be understood by looking at individual cases.
    [Show full text]
  • Golden Yearbook
    Golden Yearbook Golden Yearbook Stories from graduates of the 1930s to the 1960s Foreword from the Vice-Chancellor and Principal ���������������������������������������������������������5 Message from the Chancellor ��������������������������������7 — Timeline of significant events at the University of Sydney �������������������������������������8 — The 1930s The Great Depression ������������������������������������������ 13 Graduates of the 1930s ���������������������������������������� 14 — The 1940s Australia at war ��������������������������������������������������� 21 Graduates of the 1940s ����������������������������������������22 — The 1950s Populate or perish ���������������������������������������������� 47 Graduates of the 1950s ����������������������������������������48 — The 1960s Activism and protest ������������������������������������������155 Graduates of the 1960s ���������������������������������������156 — What will tomorrow bring? ��������������������������������� 247 The University of Sydney today ���������������������������248 — Index ����������������������������������������������������������������250 Glossary ����������������������������������������������������������� 252 Produced by Marketing and Communications, the University of Sydney, December 2016. Disclaimer: The content of this publication includes edited versions of original contributions by University of Sydney alumni and relevant associated content produced by the University. The views and opinions expressed are those of the alumni contributors and do
    [Show full text]
  • Innate Immunity and Dendritic Cells in Kidney Disease and the Nobel Prize
    EDITORIALS www.jasn.org Innate Immunity and Dendritic nately, Janeway died in 2003 and was no longer eligible to receive the prize. Cells in Kidney Disease and the The discoveries of Hoffmann and Janeway alerted immu- nologists all over the world to the possibility of a new signal- Nobel Prize ing pathway, and in 1998, Bruce Beutler and colleagues at the † Howard Hughes Medical Institute in Dallas first identified Hans-Joachim Anders* and Christian Kurts TLR4 as recognizing bacterial endotoxin.5 Beutler’s approach *Medizinische Poliklinik, Klinikum der Universita¨t Mu¨ nchen-LMU, Campus Innenstadt, Munich, Germany; and †Institutes of Molecu- was as clever as simple. He took advantage of two well-known lar Medicine and Experimental Immunology (IMMEI), University lipopolysaccharide-resistant mouse strains to map the newly Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, Germany discovered loci of the Toll genes. In doing so, he realized that J Am Soc Nephrol 22: ●●●–●●●, 2011. endotoxin resistance was linked to loss-of-function muta- doi: 10.1681/ASN.2011100975 tions in the Tlr4 gene. Two more circumstances encouraged researchers from many disciplines to rush into this new area of science, pro- On December 10, 2011, the Nobel Prize for Physiology or ducing more than 18,000 related publications within the last Medicine will honor the work of Jules Hoffmann, Bruce 15 years: first, Tlr4 mutant mice as well as suitable immuno- Beutler, and Ralph Steinman for their landmark discoveries stimulatory compounds, now discovered as agonists for dis- in the field of immunology. This recognition brings wide at- tinct TLRs, became available at relatively low costs to every- tention to a paradigm shift in understanding how multicel- one, and second, Shizou Akira, in Osaka, produced null mice lular organisms sense and interpret their external and inter- for most TLRs and many other related genes, and did not nal environments in maintaining homeostasis or initiating hesitate to share them with collaborators and competitors.
    [Show full text]
  • Contact Us Pride from Down Under Jacques Miller
    ASI NEWS DECEMBER 2019 CONTACT US AUSTRALIAN AND NEW 15 29 ZEALAND SOCIETY FOR PRIDE FROM DOWN 49TH ASI ANNUAL IMMUNOLOGY INC. UNDER MEETING & BEST ASI ASI INC. SERETARIAT JACQUES MILLER RECEIVES POSTER HIGHLIGHT PO BOX 1371, 2019 LASKER AWARD AUCKLAND MITCHAM NORTH 3132 NEW ZEALAND PH: 03 8393 9388 immunology.org.au/contact-us CONTENTS ASI NEWSLETTER DECEMBER 2019 CONTENTS THE WEEK AFTER THANKSGIVING .................... 3 NZ Branch Report ................................................................27 Angelica Lau Ries Langley, NZ Councillor 2018 CTI PUBLICATION IT’S A WRAP FOR 2019! .......................................28 OF THE YEAR AWARD ............................................ 7 Stuart Mannering Biosketch - Harini de Silva (First Author) 49TH ASI ANNUAL MEETING 2020 ..................29 THE IUIS CORNER ................................................... 8 2018 BEST ASI POSTER WINNER ......................30 J. Alejandro Lopez, Susanne Heinzel, Menno van Sherly Maridana Zelm and Farzi Kordbacheh ASI POST-GRADUATE INTERNATIONAL ASI WINS THE IUIS BEST 2019 TRAVEL AWARD RECIPIENT .............................. 32 DOI CAMPAIGN AWARD ........................................11 European Cell Death Organization, Gabriela Khoury Georgia Atkin-Smith NEWS FROM FIMSA ..............................................12 ASI POST-GRADUATE INTERNATIONAL Joanna Groom TRAVEL AWARD RECIPIENT ..............................34 WOMEN’S INITIATIVE NEWS ..............................14 The Joint Meeting of the German Society for Kylie Quinn Immunology
    [Show full text]
  • 2010-2011 Annual Report
    Annual Report 2010-2011 Mastery of disease through discovery | www.wehi.edu.au Contents 1 About the institute 3 Director’s and Chairman’s report 5 Discovery 8 Cancer and Haematology 10 Stem Cells and Cancer 12 Molecular Genetics of Cancer 14 Chemical Biology 16 Molecular Medicine 18 Structural Biology 20 Bioinformatics 22 Infection and Immunity 24 Immunology The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute 26 Autoimmunity and Transplantation of Medical Research 28 Cell Signalling and Cell Death 1G Royal Parade 30 Inflammation Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia Telephone: (+61 3) 9345 2555 32 Molecular Immunology Facsimile: (+61 3) 9347 0852 34 Publications WEHI Biotechnology Centre 36 Awards 4 Research Avenue 37 Translation La Trobe R&D Park Bundoora Victoria 3086 Australia Translating our research 38 Telephone: (+61 3) 9345 2200 40 Developing our research Facsimile: (+61 3) 9345 2211 42 Patents www.wehi.edu.au www.facebook.com/WEHIresearch 43 Education www.twitter.com/WEHI_research 46 2010-11 graduates ABN 12 004 251 423 47 Seminars Acknowledgements 48 Institute awards Produced by the institute’s Community Relations department 49 Engagement Managing editor: Penny Fannin Editor: Liz Williams 51 Strategic partners Writers: Liz Williams, Vanessa Solomon and Julie Tester 52 Scientific and medical community Design and production: Simon Taplin Photography: Czesia Markiewicz and Cameron Wells 54 Public engagement 57 Engagement with schools Cover image 58 Donor and bequestor engagement Art in Science finalist 2010 Vessel webs 59 Sustainability Dr Leigh Coultas, Cancer and Haematology division 60 The Board This image shows the delicate intricacy in the developing eye of a transient population of web-like blood vessels.
    [Show full text]
  • Winning Over Cancer
    WINNING OVER CANCER AnnualAnnual Report Report2017 2017 1 CONTENTS During the last year, I have been overwhelmed by the outpouring of love and support that followed the news that my cancer had returned. Of course, it has been a personal challenge but OVERVIEW OUR COMMNUNITIES I feel privileged to be able to give hope to others Message from Olivia ............................................ 3 Equipment, facilities and services .............. 32 who are going through cancer. It’s a challenging and amazing journey that I have been through Chairman’s report ................................................ 4 T marks the spot .................................................34 before and I am winning over again! Year at a glance .................................................... 5 The synergy of circles ........................................36 I am grateful for and incredibly proud of the important work being done at the Olivia Directors’ report .................................................... 6 Clinician scientist fellowships ....................... 37 Newton-John Cancer Institute. It is hugely Collaborations and partnerships ................38 reassuring to know that scientists, doctors, OUR HIGHLIGHTS Students: the next generation .................... 40 volunteers and other healthcare practitioners are working around the clock to win over cancer Flicking the switch on Donors and supporters .....................................41 Message from and that they are helping so many people who colon cancer’s own killer ................................... 7 Amazing gift leaves a lasting come to the Centre for support. Reducing the costs of legacy for cancer research .............................43 our founding The ONJCRI holds a special place in my lung cancer misdiagnosis ................................. 8 heart in this regard. Medical research and Suppressing cancer cell corruption .............. 9 scientific endeavour run through my veins - OUR ORGANISATION champion, and although I chose a musical path, I am Rising to the challenge of lung cancer ...
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Annual Report
    2020 Annual Report Make this cover come alive with augmented reality. Details on inside back cover. Contents The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute About WEHI 1 of Medical Research President’s report 2 Parkville campus 1G Royal Parade Director’s report 3 Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia Telephone: +61 3 9345 2555 WEHI’s new brand launched 4 Bundoora campus 4 Research Avenue Our supporters 10 La Trobe R&D Park Bundoora Victoria 3086 Australia Exceptional science and people 13 Telephone: +61 3 9345 2200 www.wehi.edu.au 2020 graduates 38 WEHIresearch Patents granted in 2020 40 WEHI_research WEHI_research WEHImovies A remarkable place 41 Walter and Eliza Hall Institute Operational overview 42 ABN 12 004 251 423 © The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute Expanding connections with our alumni 45 of Medical Research 2021 Diversity and inclusion 46 Produced by the WEHI’s Communications and Marketing department Working towards reconciliation 48 Director Organisation and governance 49 Douglas J Hilton AO BSc Mon BSc(Hons) PhD Melb FAA FTSE FAHMS WEHI Board 50 Deputy Director, Scientific Strategy WEHI organisation 52 Alan Cowman AC BSc(Hons) Griffith PhD Melb FAA FRS FASM FASP Members of WEHI 54 Chief Operating Officer WEHI supporters 56 Carolyn MacDonald BArts (Journalism) RMIT 2020 Board Subcommittees 58 Chief Financial Officer 2020 Financial Statements 59 Joel Chibert BCom Melb GradDipCA FAICD Financial statements contents 60 Company Secretary Mark Licciardo Statistical summary 94 BBus(Acc) GradDip CSP FGIA FCIS FAICD The year at a glance 98 Honorary
    [Show full text]
  • 2018 (34Th) Japan Prize Presentation Ceremony Three Scientists from Japan, the U.S
    ARK Mori Building, East Wing 35th Floor, 1-12-32 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-6035, JAPAN No. 60 May 2018 Tel: +81-3-5545-0551 Fax: +81-3-5545-0554 www.japanprize.jp Twitter @JapanPrizeAward Instagram @JapanPrize 2018 (34th) Japan Prize Presentation Ceremony Three Scientists from Japan, the U.S. and Australia receive the prize in the presence of Their Majesties the Emperor and Empress On Wednesday, April 18th, the Japan Prize Presentation Ceremony was held at the National Theatre in the presence of Their Majesties the Emperor and Empress. The Japan Prize is an international award presented to individuals whose original and outstanding achievements in science and technology have served to promote peace and prosperity for mankind. The 2018 (34th) Japan Prize was awarded in two fields; "Resources, Energy, Environment and Social Infrastructure" and "Medical Science and Medicinal Science". Dr. Akira Yoshino (Japan) was recognized for his significant contributions to the development of lithium ion batteries, while Dr. Max D. Cooper (USA) and Dr. Jacques Miller (Australia) were jointly recognized for the establishment of the basic concepts underlying modern immunology. A certificate of merit and a prize medal were presented to each laureate. Each year, the Japan Prize Foundation receives nominations from prominent scientists and researchers worldwide, from which candidates are chosen through a rigorous year-long selection process. Of the fields eligible for the prize in 2018, the "Resources, Energy, Environment and Social Infrastructure" field received 116 nominations, and the "Medical Science and Medicinal Science" field received 165 nominations. The Japan Prize came into being in 1982 after the late Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Lasker Foundation 2019 Annual Report
    Annual ALBERT AND MARY Report L ASKER FOUNDATION 2019 Annual Report 2019 1 LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT & CHAIR OUR MISSION To improve health by accelerating support for medical research through recognition of research excellence, Communicating advocacy, and education. the Importance of Supporting Medical Research The Lasker Foundation celebrates the power of medical research, from fundamental science to initiatives expanding access to clinical advances. This year’s awards — serendipitously, all in the field of immunology — highlight this range. Max D. Cooper and Jacques Miller received the Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award for delineating the organizing principle of the adaptive immune system and launching the course of modern immunology. H. Michael Shepard, Dennis J. Slamon, and Axel Ullrich were awarded the Lasker~DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award for their invention of Herceptin® (trastuzumab), the first monoclonal antibody that blocks a cancer- causing protein, and for its development as a life-saving cancer therapy. The Lasker~Bloomberg Public Service Award was given to Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, for providing sustained access to childhood vaccines around the globe, saving millions of lives, and highlighting the power of vaccination to prevent disease. By shining a light on important advances, the Lasker Awards help us communicate to an international audience how scientific breakthroughs benefit us all. To accelerate support for science, we must ensure our message reaches all constituencies, including the public, scientists, policymakers, and donors. Lasker’s partnerships and programs also help achieve this goal. For example, our annual Public Lecture series connects accomplished scientists to the public to promote the understanding and the promise of biomedical science.
    [Show full text]
  • 6 Mar 13 2015
    No. 6 : 13 March 2015 Inspiring P.R.I.D.E. … We Value – Persistence Respect Independence Determination Excellence From the Principal Council Elecons – All families by Elevate sessions – now should have The Elevate Study Skills sessions that received a Council were held on Tuesday were excellent Elecon vong and very well received by all students. pack in the mail. Kirun, our young presenter, explained Please ensure that to students, staff and parents how by your votes are organising his me wisely and using returned to school parcular techniques he was able to by 4.00pm on improve from being a ‘B’ student in Thursday the 19th. Year 11 to finishing in the top 1% in It is very pleasing the state in Year 12. He gave the that there are a students some excellent strategies number of parents to implement. He stressed that even seeking to making small changes to study represent the parent body on College coloured clothes (khaki, brown or green). rounes can pay off with significant Council. I thank all of the candidates Pins or medals may also be worn. We improvements to end results. He also for their nominaons. would greatly appreciate it if families or helped the students to prepare a ‘life community members have any of the metable’ that will allow them to Graeme Clark Oraon – following at home that we can use to connue to enjoy Four students travelled with Karen decorate the hall: the acvies they Bailey to Melbourne on Monday to Assortment of neng, ropes love as well as find aend this presgious event on Army items such as old hats ( no adequate me to Monday night.
    [Show full text]
  • THE UNIVERSITY of MELBOURNE 1969 VISITOR His EXCELLENCY the GOVERNOR of VICTORIA MAJOR-GENERAL SIR ROHAN DELACOMBE, K.CM.G., K.B.E., C.B., D.S.O., K.St.J
    THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE 1969 VISITOR His EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR OF VICTORIA MAJOR-GENERAL SIR ROHAN DELACOMBE, K.CM.G., K.B.E., C.B., D.S.O., K.St.J. CHANCELLOR THE RIGHT HON. SIR ROBERT GORDON MENZIES, K.T., C.H., Q.C, Constable of Dover Castle, Lord Warden of Cinque Ports, LL.M., Hon. LL.D. (Brist., Belf., Melb., Br. Col., Syd., McGill, Malta, Laval, Tas., Cantab., Harv., Leeds, Adel., Q'ld, Edin., Birm., A.N.U., Sus., Drury College and Calif.), Hon. D.C.L. (Oxon), Hon. D.Litt. (W.A.), Hon. D. Sc. (N.S.W.), F.R.S., Barrister-at-Law. Elected 6th March, 1967. DEPUTY CHANCELLOR LEONARD WILLIAM WEICKHARDT, M.Sc, M.I.Chem.E., F.R.A.C.I. Elected 4th April, 1966. VICE-CHANCELLOR AND PRINCIPAL PROFESSOR DAVID PLUMLEY DERHAM, C.M.G., M.B.E., Hon. LL.D. (Mon.), B.A., LL.M., Barrister-at-Law. Appointed 1st March, 1968. DEPUTY VICE-CHANCELLOR PROFESSOR EDWIN SHERBON HILLS, Ph.D. (Lond.), Hon. D.Sc. (Dunelm), D.Sc, F.I.C, F.A.A., F.R.S. Appointed 2nd April, 1962. PRO-VICE-CHANCELLORS PROFESSOR RICHARD IVAN DOWNING, B.A., Dip.Ec (Cantab.). Appointed 18th December, 1967. PROFESSOR FREDERICK JOHN WILLETT, D.S.C, M.A. (Cantab.), M.B.A. Appointed 18th December, 1967. VICE-PRINCIPAL RAYMOND DAVID MARGINSON, B.Com., Dip.Pub.Admin. Appointed 1st February, 1966. REGISTRAR ALFRED THOMAS JAKINS BELL, O.B.E., B.E. (Syd.), B.A., F.I.E. Aust. Appointed 1st March, 1968. DEPUTY REGISTRAR FRANCIS GORDON ELFORD, B.Sc, B.Ed.
    [Show full text]