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Fas Ligand, Bcl-2, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor, and P38
Fas Ligand, Bcl-2, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor, and p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase: Regulators of Distinct Cell Death and Survival Pathways in Granulocytes By Andreas Villunger,* Lorraine A. O’Reilly,* Nils Holler,‡ Jerry Adams,* and Andreas Strasser* From *The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia; and the ‡Institute of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges CH-1066, Switzerland Abstract The short life span of granulocytes, which limits many inflammatory responses, is thought to be influenced by the Bcl-2 protein family, death receptors such as CD95 (Fas/APO-1), stress-acti- vated protein kinases such as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and proinflamma- tory cytokines like granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). To clarify the roles of these various regulators in granulocyte survival, we have investigated the spontaneous apoptosis of granulocytes in culture and that induced by Fas ligand or chemotherapeutic drugs, using cells from normal, CD95-deficient lpr, or vav-bcl-2 transgenic mice. CD95-induced apoptosis, which required receptor aggregation by recombinant Fas ligand or the membrane-bound ligand, was unaffected by G-CSF treatment or Bcl-2 overexpression. Conversely, spontaneous and drug-induced apoptosis occurred normally in lpr granulocytes but were suppressed by G-CSF treatment or Bcl-2 overexpression. Although activation of p38 MAPK has been implicated in granulocyte death, their apoptosis actually was markedly accelerated by specific inhibitors of this kinase. These results suggest that G-CSF promotes granulocyte survival largely through the Bcl-2–controlled pathway, whereas CD95 regulates a distinct pathway to apoptosis that is not required for either their spontaneous or drug-induced death. -
Patterns, Paradoxes and Personalities Medical History Museum, University of Melbourne the Story of Cancer Is Complex and Extremely Personal
THE cancer puzzle patterns, paradoxes and personalities Medical History Museum, University of Melbourne The story of cancer is complex and extremely personal. One in two Australian men and one in three Australian women will be diagnosed with cancer by the age of 85. For generations, doctors and researchers have been searching for remedies for this disease, which has long been shrouded in fear and dread. While surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are still the main treatments, radically new approaches and technologies are emerging, together with a much more sophisticated understanding of the causes and very nature of cancer. Central to the story of cancer in Victoria has been the contribution of the University of Melbourne, in undertaking fundamental and applied research, developing treatments, training clinicians and scientists, educating the public, and advocating for change. Significant figures in the Melbourne Medical School, such as Professor Peter MacCallum, have helped build the infrastructure that underpins cancer services for the Victorian community. The cancer puzzle: Patterns, paradoxes and personalities explores the roles of individuals, public education campaigns and research efforts, as well as revealing patients’ insights through the work and writings of three contemporary artists who have cancer. the cancer puzzle PATTERNS, PARADOXES AND PERSONALITIES Edited by Jacqueline Healy Medical History Museum University of Melbourne Contents Foreword vii Published 2017 by the Medical History Museum, The exhibition The cancer puzzle: Patterns, paradoxes and personalities, Professor Mark Cook Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, curated by Dr Jacqueline Healy, was held at the Medical History University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia Museum, University of Melbourne, from 1 August 2017 to Sponsor’s message ix 24 February 2018. -
The University News, Vol. 5, No. 8, May 31, 1979
VOL5N08 MAY 311979 Newsletter for I( The University of Newcastle New Oval Mater ial isi ng Enrolments Enrolment oJ students as at . April 30 totalled 4364 compared with 4429 in 1978. This rep resents an annual rate of decrease of 1% compared with 4% for 1977-78. The enrolment for higher degrees increased this year from 391 to 403 - a gain of 3%. There has been a 2% fall in the enrolment in other than higher degrees, now 3961 as against 4038 in 1978. Of the total enrolment 55% is full-time and 45% part-time. This compares wit~ 58% and 42% respectively in 1978. In terms of students the full-time enrol ment is 2392 and the part-time 1937. The male student numbers are 2735 or 63% of the total, and the female enrolment 1629. A combination of favourable When construction commenced earl or 37%. In 1978. 64% was male growing conditions and fertiliz ier this year sufficient finance and 36% female. ation has allowed rapid progress was available to complete only half of the project. Now it has The number of students from to be made with work on NO.3 overseas has continued to fall Oval. The Electricity Commission been decided to complete the from 188 in 1977, 160 in 1978 of New South Wales and the entire oval in the very near to 145 in 1979. University are jointly construct future. tng the playing area, which The University will have the use The greater number of our over covers almost the same area as of the oval for an initial period seas students came from: NO.1 Oval. -
To Professor Suzanne Cory AC
Citation for the Award of the Doctor of Laws (Honoris Causa) to Professor Suzanne Cory AC When Suzanne Cory graduated from the Science Faculty at the University of Melbourne molecular biology was in its infancy. In her enthusiasm for this new science she pursued a PhD in Cambridge at the Medical Research Council’s famed Laboratory of Molecular Biology. Immersed in a culture of discovery, her pioneering PhD studies determined the sequence of a transfer RNA, utilising new technology developed by Fred Sanger, one of the three Nobel Laureates in the institute. After three years’ post‐doctoral work at the University of Geneva, Suzanne Cory returned to Australia with her husband, Jerry Adams, to the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research where they helped to introduce gene‐cloning technology to Australia. Since then, her long association with the Institute, including thirteen years as Director, and with the University of Melbourne, has been instrumental in building the international reputation of both institutions and the strength of the Parkville biomedical research network. Suzanne Cory has made major contributions to advancing the science of immunology, cancer and genetics, in a lifelong dynamic research partnership with Adams. Her work is published widely and cited frequently. The positions held by the many PhD candidates and Post‐Doctoral Fellows she has supervised demonstrate her intergenerational influence in developing scientific leaders for the future. The list of accolades and awards Suzanne Cory has received in recognition of her contributions to science is long and distinguished. She was elected a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science in 1986 and since has been elected to numerous sister organisations across the globe. -
Seizure Dynamics
Balson et al. BMC Neuroscience 2014, 15(Suppl 1):P152 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/15/S1/P152 POSTERPRESENTATION Open Access Seizure dynamics: a computational model based approach demonstrating variability in seizure mechanisms Richard S Balson1,2,3,4*, Dean R Freestone1,2,3, Mark J Cook2,3, Anthony N Burkitt1,2,4, David B Grayden1,2,4 From The Twenty Third Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting: CNS*2014 Québec City, Canada. 26-31 July 2014 Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that affects approxi- animals, based upon recorded LFP 150 seconds prior to mately 1% of the world’s population. At present, the and post seizure, as well as during the seizure. The esti- underlying mechanisms involved in seizure generation mation results show that, for three of the four animals, and termination are not fully understood. A computa- the mechanisms involved in their seizures are similar. tional model-based approach to provide further insights For the fourth animal, the estimated physiology prior to, into physiological changes occurring in the brain prior during, and post seizure vary drastically. When compar- to, during, and post seizure is presented. We demon- ing the physiological dynamics between animals, we strate that an unscented Kalman filter [1] can be used found that the estimation results predicted that there to fit physiological parameters of a neural mass model are different mechanisms involved in seizure initiation, [2] to recorded EEG. This technique elucidates physiolo- evolution, and termination in each animal. The common gical changes in recorded EEG that cannot be deter- element in all the results, except for a single estimated mined with standard EEG analysis methods. -
Low Resolution
Australian Biochemist The Magazine of the Australian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Inc. August 2019, Volume 50, Number 2 VOLISSN 50 NO 2 AUGUST 1443-0193 2019 AUSTRALIAN BIOCHEMIST PAGE 1 Be inspired during the 3- da y progra m including a fa nta stic lineup of industry lea ding interna tiona l plena ry spea kers, a nd hea r from our society specia lty lectures, be enga ged with poster presenta tions a nd lea rn a t the E/MCR mini- symposium. For more informa tion on our spea kers, progra m a nd to register, visit our website www.a sbmb2019.com.a u REGISTER NOW! PAGE 2 AUSTRALIAN BIOCHEMIST VOL 50 NO 2 AUGUST 2019 Table of Contents 4 Editorial Committee 5 Editorial 7 Publications with Impact Distinct Mechanisms Govern Recognition of Viral and Host Ligands by an Innate Immune Receptor Buying Time for Contractile Signaling Genetic Stutters, Gut Feelings and Neurodegenerative Disease 11 Off the Beaten Track Why it Sometimes Pays to Work for Money 14 ASBMB Education Feature Glycogen Builder: the Game Making a Drama Out of Biochemistry From the Whiteboard to the Conference: Scaffolding Conference-style Poster Presentations 18 SDS Page The Importance of Blue Sky Research 19 Competition: Unscramble 20 ASBMB 2019 International Plenary Speaker Profiles 22 ASBMB 2019 Symposium Speakers 23 Melbourne Protein Group: an ASBMB Special Interest Group 24 ASBMB Shimadzu Education Award Report 26 Intellectual Property Patenting Inventions in the Microbiome Space 29 Queen’s Birthday Honours for ASBMB Members 31 ASBMB Awards 2020 33 Election of Council 2020 33 Annual General Meeting of ASBMB 34 New ASBMB Members 35 Forthcoming Meetings 36 Our Sustaining Members 41 ASBMB Council 42 Directory Front Cover Bachelor of Biomedicine students from the University of Melbourne participating in an acting skills workshop with Rinske Ginsberg, VCA Theatre, as part of the Performing Sciences program, where students devise short performances embodying biochemical concepts. -
Menzies School of Health Research
MENZIES SCHOOL OF HEALTH RESEARCH 2020-21 Pre-Budget Submission September 2020 Contact: Professor Alan Cass Director, Menzies School of Health Research Ph: 08 8946 8600 Email: [email protected] Web: www.menzies.edu.au ABN: 70 413 542 847 Menzies School of Health Research (Menzies) is pleased to put forward its 2020-21 Pre-Budget submission. 1. Summary of recommendations The medical and health research sector has an important role in supporting economic growth, job creation and attracting investment to Australia. This role has been further emphasised in key policy statements from both the Northern Territory and Commonwealth Governments to ensure the future prosperity of northern Australia. For example, medical and health research is a stated economic priority in the Northern Territory Economic Development Framework and its Economic Reconstruction Priorities, as well as being highlighted as a strategic priority in the Commonwealth’s White Paper on Developing Northern Australia. Directly related to supporting medical and health research in northern Australia, this pre-budget submission requests that the Commonwealth provide $5m to support a four (4) year extension to the Northern Australia Tropical Disease Collaborative Research Program (NATDCRP), administered by Menzies School of Health Research in collaboration with seven (7) of Australia’s leading health research organisations – James Cook University, Telethon Kids Institute, Burnet Institute, The University of Sydney, the South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Doherty Institute and QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute. The NATDCRP – now referred to as the HOT North Program - was announced as a $6.8m budget measure by the Minister for Trade and Investment, the Hon Andrew Robb on 10 May 2015. -
The Early Work on the Discovery of the Function of the Thymus, an Interview with Jacques Miller
Cell Death & Differentiation (2020) 27:396–401 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41418-019-0462-y Q&A The early work on the discovery of the function of the thymus, an interview with Jacques Miller Jacques Miller1 Published online: 5 December 2019 © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to ADMC Associazione Differenziamento e Morte Cellulare 2019. This article is published with open access This interview is part of a series of articles to mark the 25th anniversary of Cell Death and Differentiation. identified. Here, Cell Death and Differentiation asks Jac- ques Miller about his early work on thymus and T cells. CDD: Could you please describe your personal background, who were your parents, where were you born and what happened in your early years? My father and mother were both born in Paris in 1896. During the first World War (1914–1918), my father, Maurice Meunier, who spoke English fluently, acted as interpreter for the British troops who came to France. In 1919, he married and left with his new wife for China having found a job in a French bank in Peking (now known as Beijing). He spent some 22 years in China and Japan, eventually becoming Manager of the Franco-Chinese Bank in Shanghai. Besides English, he also spoke Spanish flu- ently, and learned Mandarin Chinese which he could write, and also Japanese which he wrote and spoke. In 1930, my mother returned to France by ship for health reasons. Finding that she was pregnant, she decided to have Fig. 1 Jacques (left), Gus Nossal (right) in 1967. -
The Patients of the Bristol Lunatic Asylum in the Nineteenth Century 1861-1900
THE PATIENTS OF THE BRISTOL LUNATIC ASYLUM IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY 1861-1900 PAUL TOBIA A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of the West of England, Bristol for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Faculty of Arts, Creative Industries and Education March 2017 Word Count 76,717 1 Abstract There is a wide and impressive historiography about the British lunatic asylums in the nineteenth century, the vast majority of which are concerned with their nature and significance. This study does not ignore such subjects but is primarily concerned with the patients of the Bristol Asylum. Who were they, what were their stories and how did they fare in the Asylum and how did that change over our period. It uses a distinct and varied methodology including a comprehensive database, compiled from the asylum records, of all the patients admitted in the nineteenth century. Using pivot tables to analyse the data we were able to produce reliable assessments of the range and nature of the patients admitted; dispelling some of the suggestions that they represented an underclass. We were also able to determine in what way the asylum changed and how the different medical superintendents altered the nature and ethos of the asylum. One of these results showed how the different superintendents had massively different diagnostic criteria. This effected the lives of the patients and illustrates the somewhat random nature of Victorian psychiatric diagnostics. The database was also the starting point for our research into the patients as individuals. Many aspects of life in the asylum can best be understood by looking at individual cases. -
Lists of Members 1996
Lists of Members Governing Bodies, Faculties, Boards, Academic and Administrative Staff 1996 Main Committees and Departmental Lists as at 1st February, 1996. Address All general correspondence directed to the University should be addressed to The Registrar, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria. Australia, 3052. Telephone: (03) 9344 4000 Fax: (03) 9344 5104 Contents UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE: SENIOR OFFICE BEARERS COUNCIL 1 *COMMI 11tES 2 4 COUNCILS OF HALLS OF RESIDENCE COMMITthE OF CONVOCATION 8 *ACADEMIC BOARD FACULTIES 10 BOARDS 13 PROFESSORS 21 22 PROFESSORIAL ASSOCIATES WITH 1-11LE OF PROFESSOR 28 READERS 30 PROFESSORS EMERITUS 35 HEADS OF AFFILIATED COLLEGES 40 HEADS OF HALLS OF RESIDENCE 40 TEACHING AND RESEARCH STAFF - Agriculture, Forestry and Horticulture 41 Architecture, Building and Planning 45 Arts 46 Economics and Commerce 53 Education 56 Engineering 60 Law 65 Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences 67 Melbourne Business School 99 Music 100 Science 101 Veterinary Science 107 Victorian College of the Arts 109 LIBRARY 112 FACULTY ADMINISTRATION 115 GRADUATE SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION 119 CENTRAL ADMINISTRATION 120 Office of the Vice-Chancellor and Principal 120 Academic Registrar's Division 122 Academic Services 122 Academic Administration 122 Academic Planning Support Unit 122 External Relations 122 The Graduate Centre 123 International Office 123 Student and Staff Services 123 Human Resources 125 Registrar's Division 126 Executive Services 126 Financial Operations 126 Information -
Improving Outcomes of Deep Brain Stimulation for Essential Tremor with Motion Tracking and Speech Analysis
IETF Grant Proposal: 27 February 2015 Improving Outcomes of Deep Brain Stimulation for Essential Tremor with Motion Tracking and Speech Analysis Brief Summary Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is a common form of treatment for medically refractory essential tremor (ET). DBS consists of one or two small electrode arrays that are placed in specific brain targets by a trained neurosurgeon. Controlled electrical pulses are then sent to these electrodes by a neuro- stimulator to modify brain activity and provide therapeutic benefit. The characteristics (duration, amplitude, and frequency) of these pulses must be set to minimize tremor, yet prevent unwanted side- effects such as speech difficulties. Usually, these parameters are set by a neurologist based on their observation of tremor and side-effect. In general, the ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) of the brain is considered the most appropriate target for stimulation. Recently, however, the posterior subthalamic area (PSA) was also discovered to be an effective stimulation target. Since this discovery, much debate has ensued regarding which is the better target in terms of tremor and side-effect reduction. For each target, the stimulation level must also be considered due to influence on implant battery life. In this study we aim to determine which of the two targets provides the best outcome to the patient using novel methods to quantify tremor and side- effect. The majority of clinical assessments of ET rely on clinical scores based on observation. These are subjective measures influenced by the clinician’s opinion and experience. Unfortunately, the accuracy and sensitivity of such measures can be inadequate. To improve assessment of ET, we have developed our own method of tremor measurement based on electronic motion tracking. -
Longitudinal Single Cell Fate of Hematopoiesis in Vivo Using Cellular Barcoding
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/279406; this version posted March 9, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Longitudinal single cell fate of hematopoiesis in vivo using cellular barcoding and DiSNE movie visualization Short title: Longitudinal single cell fate in hematopoiesis Jerry Gao1,2, Dawn S. Lin1,2,3, Edmund Crampin,4,5,6, Shalin H. Naik1,2,3,* 1Molecular Medicine, The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia 2Immunology, The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia 3Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia. 4Systems Biology Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia 5Centre for Systems Genomics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia 6ARC Centre of EXcellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia. *Corresponding author. bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/279406; this version posted March 9, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available