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Polyphenol Metabolism: from in Vitro to in Vivo Approaches

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Polyphenol Metabolism: from in Vitro to in Vivo Approaches Polyphenol metabolism: from in vitro to in vivo approaches Aida Serra Maqueda AIDA SERRA MAQUEDA POLYPHENOL METABOLISM: FROM IN VITRO TO IN VIVO APPROACHES Doctoral Thesis Directed by Maria José Motilva Casado, PhD co-directed by Alba Macià Puig, PhD Antioxidants Research Group Department of Food Technology Universitat de Lleida Lleida, 2012 Dissertation presented by Aida Serra Maqueda to obtain the PhD degree from the University of Lleida. This work was carried out under the supervision of Maria José Motilva Casado and Alba Macià Puig. The present work has been carried out in the Antioxidant Research Group in the Food Technology Department and is included in the “Ciéncia i Tecnologia Agraria i Alimentaria” doctorate program. The work is part of the following projects: a) Methodologies for the design, evaluation and validation of functional foods to prevent cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer (MET-DEV-FUN). Funding entity: Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad. b) Virgin olive oil and functionality of HDL. Optimization of the phenolic composition of olive oil to evaluate the bioavailability (Coordinated Project) Funding entity: Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. AGL2009-13517-C03-02 (subprograma ALI) The financing of the PhD candidate was through: March 2009 -December 2009 University doctoral grant UdL-Competitive projects January 2010 - December 2012 Catalan Doctoral grant FI-DGR 2010. For the evaluation of the in utero exposure effects of a high fructose and saturated fat diet on the hepatic glucuronidation toward quercetin, performed during the 3- month internship realized in the Antioxidants Research Laboratory of the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at the TUFTS University of Boston, the candidate received an internship grant BE-DGR 2011 from the Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca of the Generalitat de Catalunya. English correction was done by Chris Boswell with a grant from the University of Lleida. PhD Candidate Aida Serra Maqueda Director Maria José Motilva Casado, PhD Signature of approval Co-Director Alba Macià Puig Signature of approval “Tell me and I’ll forget; show me and I may remember; involve me and I’ll understand.” Chinese Proverb ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Com diu en Cat Stevens en la seva cançó ‘Father and son’ ara ja no és el moment de fer canvis així que m’ho prendré amb calma i em relaxaré. Sembla que les coses s’acaben, però espero que no facin més que començar. Tots vosaltres sou part important d’aquests quatre anys que s’escorren d’entre les meves mans i m’agradaria que tu, que estàs llegint aquestes pàgines, figuressis en elles; però ben segur que m’oblidaré d’algú, així que m’excuso abans de continuar. És ben sabut que tot en aquesta vida té un ordre lògic així que començaré per les meves tutores. La imprescindible Dra. Motilva, una excel·lent investigadora i una brillant persona. Maria José, ha estat tot un plaer. Recordo com si fos avui el dia en que em proposaves fer el doctorat i jo pensant que allò no era per a mi. Sort que vaig canviar d’opinió. Ella m’ha fet descobrir que la recerca és un despertar d’inquietuds, i això ha fet que m’apassionés encara més, m’ha donat llibertat i m’ha permès volar com un estel. Espero que tard o d’hora puguem tornar a investigar juntes i que el balanç d’aquests quatre anys et sembli positiu. La Dra Macià, l’Alba, la dona de les masses moleculars i els ions pares i fills. Les dues hem compartit moltes hores de laboratori, articles, dinars, anglès, boires, inclús nevades i no em cansaria de compartir coses amb ella. Una noia com n’hi ha poques, i ‘finalment’ l’he tingut de tutora, no em puc queixar. Recorda que si mai et canses a mig camí allí estaré jo. I la meva anterior tutora la Mari Paz, dubtes estadístics? doncs cap a la primera porta a l’esquerra. Tot i que la meva tesis l’hem centrat en coses més moleculars t’agraeixo tots els bons moments viscuts. My thanks to all the people from the Antioxidants Research Laboratory at the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at the TUFTS University of Boston. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Blumberg for accepting me in his research group and to Dr. Chen for helping me, for his patience and for always having time for me. Thanks to Dr McKay for her support and for helping with my poster. Thanks also for Carly and Kendra for their patients with my English and for the good moments lived in the lab. Thanks to Jo for the good moments of conversation, and good luck and thanks to Alison and Ken. My 3-month internship in Boston was one of the best experiences of my life. I hope to see you again soon. I ara que soni un redoble de tambors perquè és el moment de parlar de la Laura. Que puc dir d’ella? La Laura és la meva simbiosi perfecta, és una ment desperta i s’apunta a totes, sopars d’autor, rates, snorkel, idees innovadores, i el que se’ns proposi, inclús hem passejat per Times Square. Sincerament he disfrutat molt treballant amb tu. Et desitjo molta sort en tot allò que t’espera, se que tot t’anirà molt bé perquè t’ho mereixes, però que això no et soni a una despedida perquè queda molt per fer juntes, per exemple que m’ensenyis Wageningen ben aviat. Ja ho diuen que “vale más maña que fuerza” i per això aprecio tant a la Xenia. No canviïs mai perquè ets única, i això et fa especial. Sempre et faig rondinar, però afectuosament, així se que no t’enfades. M’agrada treballar amb tu i com li he dit a la Laura et desitjo el millor, però tenim moltes coses a fer juntes fora del laboratori així que res de despedides. マヌエルさん ara et toca a tu. No t’escric en Japonès per por a no entendre dintre de cinc minuts el que t’he posat ^.^ Un bon 友だち, això és el que ets. Treballar junts se’ns dóna bé i el nivell A1 de japonès ho demostra. Vas ser el meu 先生 al arribar al laboratori, hem compartit grans moments dins i fora d’aquest, i en seguirem compartint, no en tinc cap dubte. Continuarem investigant plegats, veritat? si tot just ara comencem a publicar! Escolta, no em copiïs les PACs! i em deus un e-mail? o te’l dec jo a tu? ;) Gràcies Maria per ensenyar-me que saber ignorar els suaus cants de sirena és sempre garantia d’èxit o almenys una bona solució per no morir en el fons del mar. Altre cop redoble de tambors???? no, és el soroll del matecito! Pareu-ho tot! que ara és el torn de la Daiana! Daia que esto se termina...y tu te vas y me dejas aquí sola, no te da pena? quédate mujer, vos sos de Lleida :P Tu y yo sufrimos aventuras a pares, hasta llamaste al Cónsul de Argentina en España! cuatro años llenos de buenos momentos, viajes y risas, al fin y al cabo eso es lo que uno recuerda cuando pasa el tiempo, te acordarás de mi? Espero que seas muy feliz y que todo te vaya bien, acuérdate que tienes casa en Fondarella para pasar las fiestas Navideñas y para cuando tu quieras. Te vendré a visitar, eso no lo dudes, tu avísame cuando tengas la ‘pileta’ llena. I un cop citada a la Daia continuaré amb la resta de Micros. Que faré sense la vostra companyia a l’hora d’esmorzar? em trobareu a faltar quan marxi? Jo sí! Montse tu ja deus estar acostumada a veure marxar gent, però a mi em fa peneta. Apunta’m per a la pròxima barbecue de Torrefarrera. Jordi em deus uns coulants :D Germàn ha estat un plaer compartir aquests anys amb tu, a veure si ens tornem a trobar. Ana i Núria, no em coincidit massa temps però no en cal més per veure que valeu un imperi. Cyndia, mi vecina de mesa, ánimos y disfruta de Catalunya, espero que todo te vaya muy bien. I “on ta para l’Arnau?” com li he dit a l’Ana i a la Núria, fa poc que et conec però un tio d’Olot com tu ha de triomfar segur, no en tinc cap dubte i Ester, como te mudaste a bajo ya casi no coincidimos pero te deseo mucha suerte. També m’agradaria recordar als estudiants als que he ajudat amb els seus pràcticums, en especial a la Blanca, a l’Alba, l’Àngels i al Sergi, espero que l’estada al laboratori d’Antioxidants fos profitosa, que aprenguéssiu molt i, el més important, que us hi trobéssiu a gust. I voldria donar les gràcies a la resta de membres del Tecal, NT, PAS i professors, sou molts però me’n recordo de tots vosaltres i me’n recordaré sempre, som una gran família. Gràcies per tots els moments que em compartit. I wish to thank Miss Craig very much for her hospitality and for the good moments we shared during our time together. She is a very charismatic woman and I’m sure that she will have a prosperous future. Remember that you have a couple of cousins in Catalonia. Als que hi van ser però que ja no hi són. Gràcies. Fora de la feina la família ho és tot per mi, i la meva família de procianidines i compostos fenòlics de l’oli d’oliva ja en són tot uns experts.
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