Green Lacewings Family Chrysopidae

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Beneficial Insects Class Insecta, Insects Order Neuroptera, Lacewings, mantids and others Neuroptera means “nerve wings” and refers to the hundreds of veins in their wings. The order Neuroptera is comprised of several small families. Larvae and adults are usually predaceous. Some families are uncommon while others are present more in the south and west. All neuropterans have chewing mouthparts. Green lacewings Family Chrysopidae Description and life history: Adults are green, 15–20 mm long, and slender. They have large, clear membranous wings with green veins and margins, which they hold over their body like a roof. Most have long hair-like antennae and golden eyes. Oval, white eggs are laid singly on a stalk approximately 8 mm long. Larvae are small, gray, and slender, and have large sickle-shaped mouthparts with which to puncture prey. When they reach approximately 10 mm, they spin a silken cocoon and pupate on the underside of a leaf. There are one to ten generations per year. Prey species: Green lacewing adults require high-energy foods such as honeydew and pollen. Larvae prey on aphids and other small, soft-bodied insects, and are nicknamed “aphid-lions.” Some adults are also preda- Green lacewing cocoons containing pupa. (357) ceous. Eggs, larvae, and adults are commercially avail- Photo: John Davidson able and may be purchased from insectaries. These common insects feed in fields, orchards, and gardens. They are commercially available. Chrysoperla carnea, green lacewing adult. (356) Photo: David Laughlin Green lacewing eggs on stalks. (359) Photo: John Davidson Green lacewing larva. (358) Photo: John Davidson IPM of Midwest Landscapes 278.

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The Green Lacewings of the Genus Chrysopa in Maryland ( Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)
The Green Lacewings of the Genus Chrysopa in Maryland ( Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) Ralph A. Bram and William E. Bickley Department of Entomology INTRODUCTION Tlw green lacewings which are members of the genus Chrysopa are extreme- ly lwndicia1 insects. The larvae are commonly called aphislions and are well known as predators of aphids and other injurious insects. They play an important part in the regulation of populations of pests under natural conditions, and in California they have been cultured in mass and released for the control of mealy- bugs ( Finney, 1948 and 1950) . The positive identification of members of the genus is desirable for the use of biological-control workers and entomologists in general. Descriptions of most of the Nearctic species of Chrysopidae have relied heavily on body pigmentation and to a lesser extent on wing shape, venational patterns and coloration. Specimens fade when preserved in alcohol or on pins, and natural variation in color patterns occurs in many species ( Smith 1922, Bickley 1952). It is partly for these reasons that some of the most common and relatively abundant representatives of the family are not easily recognized. The chrysopid fauna of North America was treated comprehensively by Banks ( 1903). Smith ( 1922) contributed valuable information about the biology of the green lacewings and about the morphology and taxonomy of the larvae. He also pro- vided k<'ys and other help for the identification of species from Kansas ( 1925, 1934) and Canada ( 1932). Froeschner ( 194 7) similarly dealt with Missouri species. Bickley and MacLeod ( 1956) presented a review of the family as known to occur in the N earctic region north of Mexico.
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UFRJ a Paleoentomofauna Brasileira
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The First Green Lacewings from the Late Eocene Baltic Amber
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Jumping Mechanisms in Lacewings (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae And
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From Chewing to Sucking Via Phylogeny—From Sucking to Chewing Via Ontogeny: Mouthparts of Neuroptera
Chapter 11 From Chewing to Sucking via Phylogeny—From Sucking to Chewing via Ontogeny: Mouthparts of Neuroptera Dominique Zimmermann, Susanne Randolf, and Ulrike Aspöck Abstract The Neuroptera are highly heterogeneous endopterygote insects. While their relatives Megaloptera and Raphidioptera have biting mouthparts also in their larval stage, the larvae of Neuroptera are characterized by conspicuous sucking jaws that are used to imbibe ﬂuids, mostly the haemolymph of prey. They comprise a mandibular and a maxillary part and can be curved or straight, long or short. In the pupal stages, a transformation from the larval sucking to adult biting and chewing mouthparts takes place. The development during metamorphosis indicates that the larval maxillary stylet contains the Anlagen of different parts of the adult maxilla and that the larval mandibular stylet is a lateral outgrowth of the mandible. The mouth- parts of extant adult Neuroptera are of the biting and chewing functional type, whereas from the Mesozoic era forms with siphonate mouthparts are also known. Various food sources are used in larvae and in particular in adult Neuroptera. Morphological adaptations of the mouthparts of adult Neuroptera to the feeding on honeydew, pollen and arthropods are described in several examples. New hypoth- eses on the diet of adult Nevrorthidae and Dilaridae are presented. 11.1 Introduction The order Neuroptera, comprising about 5820 species (Oswald and Machado 2018), constitutes together with its sister group, the order Megaloptera (about 370 species), and their joint sister group Raphidioptera (about 250 species) the superorder Neuropterida. Neuroptera, formerly called Planipennia, are distributed worldwide and comprise 16 families of extremely heterogeneous insects.
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Neuroptera : Chrysopidae
BIOLOGY OF OHRYSOPA MADESTES BANKS (NEUROPTERA : CHRYSOPIDAE) B. P. MEHRA Indian Lac Research Institute, Namkum, Ranchi The insects belonging to the family Chrysopidae are on the whole useful species as they destroy numerous harmful insects such as the aphids, coccids, plant lice, spiders and mites. These chrysopids, however, are harmful to the lac insect, Kerria lacca (Kerr). The only other instance on record of this family doing any harm was that in California, where the larvae were reported by Essig (1911) as destroying the larvae of ladybird beetles which had been introduced to combat scale insects. Out of a total of approximately 580 species of Chrysopa recorded from all over the world, only about 20 have so far been recorded from India, Pakistan, Burma and Ceylon and little attention has been paid towards the study of their biology. Rahman (1940) studied, briefly, the life history of Chrysopa see/estes Banks. Later Nasir (1947) studied detailed bionomics of the same species. This paper reports the results of studies carried out on the biology of Chrysopa madestes Banks, the larvae of which were found preying upon different stages of the lac insect at Namkum and Hesal (Ranchi District), Kundri and Oreya (Palamau District) and several other parts of Bihar State. Samples of lac received from Karnal (Punjab) had also a few egg·shells of the lacewing fly, thereby indica ting a wider distribution of this predator. In 1930 and 1931 the larvae of this predator were observed only on Katki and Aghani lac crops. During the present studies in 1950-52 and thereafter all the stages of C.
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Green Lacewing Species in Tennessee in Tennessee, We Have Found the Green Lacewing Lacewing Larvae Look Like Tiny Alligators
College of Agriculture Cooperative Extension ANR-E1-2020 Entomology Insect Predators-Green Lacewings Kaushalya Amarasekare, Assistant Professor, Tennessee State University Contact: 615 963 5001, [email protected] Natural enemies such as green lacewings Adults (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) are important for sus- Adult lacewings are green in color and have golden tainable agriculture because they provide us a free eyes. They have two pairs of green lacelike netted service in managing and controlling unwanted insect wings. The body of the adult is 1/2–3/4 inch long and mite (arthropod) pests in agricultural crops in depending on the species. They are not strong fliers fields and greenhouses. Green lacewings are preda- and are commonly found near aphid colonies. Adults tors of many soft-bodied insects (e.g. aphids, thrips, fly during night and are often attracted to night- mealybugs, soft scales, whiteflies, psyllids and small lights. They can live approximately 30-40 days. New- caterpillars) and mites (e.g. spider mites) and their ly emerged adults mate and lay eggs within 4–5 days. eggs. They are called generalist predators because It takes approximately one month to complete the they feed on many different types of insect and/or life cycle from newly laid eggs to emergence of mite prey. Green lacewings are considered as one of adults. the most important predatory natural enemies of agricultural pests. Eggs Adult females lay their eggs as small batches on plant materials. They prefer to lay eggs among aphid colonies. Lacewing larvae are cannibalistic and attack sibling eggs and larvae. To avoid the first hatched larva/larvae attacking unhatched eggs or young larvae, females lay each egg on a long stalk.
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Flight Activity of Czechoslovak Hemerobiidae and Chrysopidae: Investigation by Light Trap
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Monografien Entomologie Neuroptera Jahr/Year: 1984 Band/Volume: MEN1 Autor(en)/Author(s): Zeleny Jiri Artikel/Article: Flight activity of Czechoslovak Hemerobiidae and Chrysopidae: Investigation by light trap. 173-178 Progress in World's Neuropterology. Gepp J-, H. Aspöck & H. Hölzel ed., 265 pp^ 1984, Graz. Flight activity of Czechoslovak Hemerobiidae and Chrysopidae: Investigation by light trap By Jift ZELENf (Praha) Abstract In the years 1967 to 1971 a light trap fixed on the wall of a park building in Praha - Ruzyné (Central Bohemia) was used for catches which finally included 21 species of the family Hemerobii- dae (36 species known from Czechoslovakia) and 13 species of the family Chrysopidae (24 species known from Czechoslovakia). It is assumed that from both aphidophagous families all species to be reckoned with on this locality were present in the catches. With a proportion of 37% of speci- mens of one family, Hemerobius lutescens (F.) represented the most abundantly and most regularly occurring species. Next in order were H. humulinus L. (13%), Wesmaelius subnebulosus (STEPH.) (11%), Micromus variegati* (F.) (10%), and H. pini STEPH. (9%). Of the family Chrysopidae the species Chrysoperla carnea (STEPH.) prevailed ultimately (ab. 90% specimens of one family). The most intensive fligth activity in both species and specimens was recorded from mid-August to mid-September (2nd generation). The composition of the fauna corresponded to the species representation of trees growing in the surroundings of the trap: Acer platanoides, Betula sp., Quercus sp., Fagus silvatica, Pinussilvestris, and Picea sp.
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Identification of Whitefly Resistance in Tomato and Hot Pepper
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Intraguild Interactions Between the Mealybug Predators Cryptolaemus Montrouzieri and Chrysoperla Carnea
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