Comprehensive Citywide Ferry Study
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This Ferry Service Feasibility Study was prepared for the New York Department of State with funds provided under Title 11 of the Environmental Protection Fund The study steering committee consisted of representatives of the NYHarborWay, the New York City Economic Development Corporation and the New York City Department of Transportation Paula Berry, Director, NYHarborWay Venetia Lannon, Senior Vice President, NYCEDC David Hopkins, Vice President, NYCEDC Adam Zaranko, Senior Project Manager, NYCEDC—Study Project Manager Katie Axt, Project Manager, NYCEDC Alejandro Baquero Cifuentes, Assistant Vice President, NYCEDC Ankur Datta, Assistant Vice President, NYCEDC Randi Press, Vice President, NYCEDC Alan Olmsted, Executive Director, Office of Private Ferries, NYC DOT The following consultants assisted in the preparation of the study: STV Inc. Molly McQueen, Vice President Appleseed Inc.—Lead Consultant Hugh O'Neill, President Jordan Anderson, Vice President Scott Hong, Senior Consultant Abby Fanelli, Senior Consultant Cassie Mehlum, Senior Consultant Nishita Dewan, Consultant Audience Research and Analysis George Wachtel, President Aline Chatmajian, Principal Zetlin Strategic Communications Alexandra Zetlin, President TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY........................................................................................................................1 INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................................21 PART ONE: COMMUTER FERRY SITE PROFILES ................................................................................23 1.1 Identifying sites for analysis......................................................................................................................23 1.2 Defining the site profiles ..........................................................................................................................24 1.3 Site profile summaries ..............................................................................................................................31 1.4 Site profile prioritization criteria ...............................................................................................................41 1.5 Conclusion...............................................................................................................................................47 PART TWO: SITE AND CORRIDOR FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS...............................................................48 2.1 Defining corridors for further analysis.......................................................................................................48 2.2 Corridor analysis methodology.................................................................................................................51 2.3 Results of corridor fesibility analyses.........................................................................................................58 2.4 Analyzing the impact of adding sites to the four Service Level 1 corridors................................................59 PART THREE: OVERVIEW OF NYHARBORWAY SITES ......................................................................64 3.1 Governors Island ......................................................................................................................................65 3.2 Brooklyn Bridge Park................................................................................................................................67 3.3 The Battery ..............................................................................................................................................68 3.4.Liberty State Park, New Jersey..................................................................................................................70 3.5 East River Waterfront Esplanade and South Street Seaport.......................................................................71 3.6 Liberty & Ellis Island..................................................................................................................................72 3.7. Hudson River Park...................................................................................................................................74 PART FOUR: INTEGRATING COMMUTER AND RECREATIONAL FERRY SERVICE ............................76 4.1 Business models .......................................................................................................................................76 4.2 Relationship to commuter services ...........................................................................................................76 4.3 Other recreational service characteristics ..................................................................................................77 4.4 Options for joint commuter-recreational ferry service ...............................................................................77 4.5 Integrating other recreational sites ...........................................................................................................84 PART FIVE: OVERVIEW OF OTHER REGIONS ....................................................................................84 PART SIX: GOVERNANCE AND FUNDING .........................................................................................86 6.1 Agencies involved ....................................................................................................................................86 6.2 Existing Governance Structure..................................................................................................................91 6.3 Possible Governance Approaches .............................................................................................................92 6.4 Existing and Potential Funding Sources.....................................................................................................95 6.5 Potential sources for assistance with operating costs................................................................................96 6.6 Expanding ferry service beyond the East River pilot project - public interest criteria ................................103 6.7 Service evaluation standards...................................................................................................................112 6.8 Services operating outside a governance structure .................................................................................106 6.9 Conclusions and recommendations........................................................................................................107 PART SEVEN: CONCLUSIONS AND NEXT STEPS .............................................................................108 APPENDIX A: EXPERIENCE IN OTHER REGIONS .............................................................................112 Nationwide and Worldwide Models of Ferry Service.....................................................................................112 Nationwide Models of Fare Collection and Fare Integration..........................................................................122 APPENDIX B: SITE PROFILES ............................................................................................................129 APPENDIX C: ADDITIONAL RIDERSHIP ANALYSIS..........................................................................130 APPENDIX D: LOWER MANHATTAN COMMUTER/NYHARBORWAY TERMINAL..........................138 8.1 Identification of candidate locations.......................................................................................................138 8.2 Assessment ............................................................................................................................................140 APPENDIX E: USING FERRIES FOR TRANSIT REDUNDANCY AND EMERGENCY PREPARATION............................................................................................................156 APPENDIX F: SUMMARY OF RIDERSHIP ANALYSIS ASSUMPTIONS ..............................................163 APPENDIX G: USE REGULATIONS FOR DOCKS SERVING COMMERCIAL PASSENGER VESSELS........................................................................................................................164 APPENDIX H: SURVEY RESULTS PARK VISITORS, EAST RIVER COMMUTER AND NY HARBORWAY, WATER TAXI RIDERS.................................................................................165 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLES AND FIGURES TABLES Table 1: Discounted one-way fare from Monmouth and Hudson County, ferry and transit (as of spring 2010)............................................................................................................................43 Table 2: Ferry site prioritization criteria ...........................................................................................................44 Table 3: Weights assigned to each criterion....................................................................................................45 Table 4: Site prioritization based on demand factors.......................................................................................46 Table 5: Site prioritization results ....................................................................................................................47 Table 6: Service level 1 corridors for feasibility analysis ...................................................................................50 Table 7: Peak and off-peak/weekend headways