Oregon Oddities Items of Interest
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Click Here to Download the 4Th Grade Curriculum
Copyright © 2014 The Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde Community of Oregon. All rights reserved. All materials in this curriculum are copyrighted as designated. Any republication, retransmission, reproduction, or sale of all or part of this curriculum is prohibited. Introduction Welcome to the Grand Ronde Tribal History curriculum unit. We are thankful that you are taking the time to learn and teach this curriculum to your class. This unit has truly been a journey. It began as a pilot project in the fall of 2013 that was brought about by the need in Oregon schools for historically accurate and culturally relevant curriculum about Oregon Native Americans and as a response to countless requests from Oregon teachers for classroom- ready materials on Native Americans. The process of creating the curriculum was a Tribal wide effort. It involved the Tribe’s Education Department, Tribal Library, Land and Culture Department, Public Affairs, and other Tribal staff. The project would not have been possible without the support and direction of the Tribal Council. As the creation was taking place the Willamina School District agreed to serve as a partner in the project and allow their fourth grade teachers to pilot it during the 2013-2014 academic year. It was also piloted by one teacher from the Pleasant Hill School District. Once teachers began implementing the curriculum, feedback was received regarding the effectiveness of lesson delivery and revisions were made accordingly. The teachers allowed Tribal staff to visit during the lessons to observe how students responded to the curriculum design and worked after school to brainstorm new strategies for the lessons and provide insight from the classroom teacher perspective. -
CTUIR Traditional Use Study of Willamette Falls and Lower
Traditional Use Study of Willamette Falls and the Lower Columbia River by the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation Jennifer Karson Engum, Ph.D. Cultural Resources Protection Program Report prepared for CTUIR Board of Trustees Fish and Wildlife Commission Cultural Resources Committee CAYUSE, UMATILLAANDWALLA WALLA TRIBES November 16, 2020 CONFEDERATED TRIBES of the Umatilla Indian Reservation 46411 Timíne Way PENDLETON, OREGON TREATY JUNE 9, 1855 REDACTED FOR PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION Traditional Use Study of Willamette Falls and the Lower Columbia River by the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation Prepared by Jennifer Karson Engum, Ph.D. Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation Department of Natural Resources Cultural Resources Protection Program 46411 Timíne Way Pendleton, Oregon 97801 Prepared for CTUIR Board of Trustees Fish and Wildlife Commission Cultural Resources Committee November 16, 2020 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Umatilla (Imatalamłáma), Cayuse (Weyíiletpu), and Walla Walla (Walúulapam) peoples, who comprise the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation (CTUIR), have traveled throughout the west, including to the lower Columbia and Willamette Rivers and to Willamette Falls, to exercise their reserved treaty rights to hunt, fish, and gather the traditional subsistence resources known as the First Foods. They have been doing so since time immemorial, an important indigenous concept which describes a time continuum that spans from ancient times to present day. In post- contact years, interactions expanded to include explorers, traders and missionaries, who brought with them new opportunities for trade and intermarriage as well as the devastating circumstances brought by disease, warfare, and the reservation era. Through cultural adaptation and uninterrupted treaty rights, the CTUIR never ceased to continue to travel to the lower Columbia and Willamette River and falls for seasonal traditional practice and for other purposes. -
Seals and Sea Lions in the Columbia River
Seals and Sea Lions in the Columbia River: An Evaluation and Summary of Research By Deward E. Walker, Jr., Ph.D. WALKER RESEARCH GROUP, LTD. June 2015 Table of Contents I. Introduction and Methodology ................................................................................................ 1 A. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 1 B. Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 4 II. Pinniped Predation .................................................................................................................. 7 A. Pinniped Ranges ..................................................................................................................... 7 B. Pinniped Increases .................................................................................................................. 7 C. Mitigation Efforts at Bonneville Dam .................................................................................. 13 D. Effects of Pinneped Predation on Tribes .............................................................................. 16 III. Traditional Tribal Uses of Seals and Sea Lions ................................................................. 17 A. The Traditional Presence of Seals and Sea Lions in the Columbia River ............................ 18 B. Tribal Use of Seals and Sea Lions ....................................................................................... -
Lewis and Clark at Fort Clatsop: a Winter of Environmental Discomfort and Cultural Misunderstandings
Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 7-9-1997 Lewis and Clark at Fort Clatsop: A winter of Environmental Discomfort and Cultural Misunderstandings Kirk Alan Garrison Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Part of the Diplomatic History Commons, and the United States History Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Garrison, Kirk Alan, "Lewis and Clark at Fort Clatsop: A winter of Environmental Discomfort and Cultural Misunderstandings" (1997). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 5394. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.7267 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. THESIS APPROVAL The abstract and thesis of Kirk Alan Garrison for the Master of Arts in History were presented July 9, 1997, and accepted by the thesis committee and the department. COMMITTEE APPROVALS: r DEPARTMENT APPROVAL: Go~do~ B. Dodds, Chair Department of History ********************************************************************* ACCEPTED FOR PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY BY THE LIBRARY on L?/M;< ABSTRACT An abstract of the thesis of Kirk Alan Garrison for the Master of Arts in History, presented 9 July 1997. Title: Lewis and Clark at Fort Clatsop: A Winter of Environmental Discomfort and Cultural Misunderstandings. I\1embers of the Lewis and Clark expedition did not like the 1805-1806 winter they spent at Fort Clatsop near the mouth of the Columbia River among the Lower Chinookan Indians, for two reasons. -
Ropology Presented on January 28, 1987
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Patrick Thomison for the degree of Masterof Arts in Interdisciplinary Studies in Anthropology/Sociology/Anth- ropology presentedon January 28, 1987. Title: When Celilo Was Celilo: An Analysis of Salmon Use During the Past 11,000 Years-in TheColumbia Plateau. Abstract Approved: The presence and significance of salmonfor prehis- toric and aboriginal people of the ColumbiaPlateau is a matter of considerable debateamong anthropologists, archaeologists and historians. Data from over 100 arch- aeological sites are scrutinized inthe light of an ex- ample salmon fishery developed fromethnographic and archaeological informationon aboriginal salmon dependen- cies and exploitation in the locale ofThe Dalles on the central Columbia. The research incorporatesa cultural ecology orientation. Data from prehistoric sites of the ColumbiaPlateau do not conform preciselyto The Dalles fishery example and strongly suggest botha temporal and spatial variation in salmon use and culturalpatterning and therefore call to question the presumption of theprimary relevancy of salmon to cultural patterningthroughout the Plateau. Other resources, includingespecially botanical species, appear to have an importance too often overlooked. Other riverine and terrestrial mammal foodresources are presumed to have a lesser prehistoric importance, though the archaeological record actuallysupports the importance of resources other than salmonas having per- vasive affects on cultural patterning in the Columbia Plateau. Data show that it was not until -
A Storypath Exploring the Lasting Legacy of Celilo Falls by Shana Brown
Living in Celilo A Storypath Exploring the Lasting Legacy of Celilo Falls by Shana Brown Office of Native Education Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction Washington State Trillium Publishing, Inc. Acknowledgements Contents Shana Brown would like to thank: Carol Craig, Yakama Elder, writer, and historian, for her photos of Celilo as well as her Introduction to Storypath ..................... 2 expertise and her children’s story “I Wish I Had Seen the Falls.” Chucky is really her first grandson (and my cousin!). Episode 1: Creating the Setting ...............22 The Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission for providing information about their organization and granting permission to use articles, including a piece from their Episode 2: Creating the Characters............42 magazine Wana Chinook Tymoo. Episode 3: Building Context ..................54 HistoryLink.org for granting permission to use the article “Dorothea Nordstrand Recalls Old Celilo Falls.” Episode 4: Authorizing the Dam ..............68 The Northwest Power and Conservation Council for granting permission to use an excerpt from the article “Celilo Falls.” Episode 5: Negotiations .....................86 Ritchie Graves, Chief of the NW Region Hydropower Division’s FCRPS Branch, NOAA Fisheries, for providing information on survival rates of salmon through the Episode 6: Broken Promises ................118 dams on the Columbia River system. Episode 7: Inundation .....................142 Sally Thompson, PhD., for granting permission to use her articles. Se-Ah-Dom Edmo, Shoshone-Bannock/Nez Perce/ Yakama, Coordinator of the Classroom-Based Assessment ...............154 Indigenous Ways of Knowing Program at Lewis & Clark College, Columbia River Board Member, and Vice President of the Oregon Indian Education Association, for providing invaluable feedback and guidance as well as copies of the actual notes and letters from the Celilo Falls Community Club. -
The Evolving Landscape of the Columbia River Gorge
The Evolving Landscape of the Columbia River Gorge Jim E. O’Connor Carleton Watkins, photographer, OHS neg., OrHi A reprint from the Oregon Historical Quarterly Special Issue Dissecting the Columbia: Lewis and Clark West of the Divide William L. Lang, guest editor Volume , Number Fall the journal of record for oregon history Jim E. O’Connor The Evolving Landscape of the Columbia River Gorge Lewis and Clark and Cataclysms on the Columbia ravelers retracing lewis and clark’s journey to the Pacific over the past two hundred years have witnessed tre- mendous change to the Columbia River Gorge and its pri- mary feature, the Columbia River. Dams, reservoirs, timber Tharvest, altered fisheries, transportation infrastructure, and growth and shrinkage of communities have transformed the river and valley. This radically different geography of human use and habitation is commonly contrasted with the sometimes romantic view of a prior time provided both by early nineteenth-century chroniclers and present-day critics of the modern condition — an ecotopia of plentiful and perpetual resources sustaining a stable culture from time immemorial. Reality is more com- plicated. Certainly the human-caused changes to the Columbia River and the gorge since Lewis and Clark have been profound; but the geologic his- tory of immense floods, landslides, and volcanic eruptions that occurred before their journey had equally, if not more, acute effects on landscapes and societies of the gorge. In many ways, the Lewis and Clark Expedi- tion can be viewed as a hinge point for the Columbia River, the changes engineered to the river and its valley in the two hundred years since their visit mirrored by tremendous changes geologically engendered in the thousands of years before. -
Oregon's History
Oregon’s History: People of the Northwest in the Land of Eden Oregon’s History: People of the Northwest in the Land of Eden ATHANASIOS MICHAELS Oregon’s History: People of the Northwest in the Land of Eden by Athanasios Michaels is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Contents Introduction 1 1. Origins: Indigenous Inhabitants and Landscapes 3 2. Curiosity, Commerce, Conquest, and Competition: 12 Fur Trade Empires and Discovery 3. Oregon Fever and Western Expansion: Manifest 36 Destiny in the Garden of Eden 4. Native Americans in the Land of Eden: An Elegy of 63 Early Statehood 5. Statehood: Constitutional Exclusions and the Civil 101 War 6. Oregon at the Turn of the Twentieth Century 137 7. The Dawn of the Civil Rights Movement and the 179 World Wars in Oregon 8. Cold War and Counterculture 231 9. End of the Twentieth Century and Beyond 265 Appendix 279 Preface Oregon’s History: People of the Northwest in the Land of Eden presents the people, places, and events of the state of Oregon from a humanist-driven perspective and recounts the struggles various peoples endured to achieve inclusion in the community. Its inspiration came from Carlos Schwantes historical survey, The Pacific Northwest: An Interpretive History which provides a glimpse of national events in American history through a regional approach. David Peterson Del Mar’s Oregon Promise: An Interpretive History has a similar approach as Schwantes, it is a reflective social and cultural history of the state’s diversity. The text offers a broad perspective of various ethnicities, political figures, and marginalized identities. -
Creek Renamed After Prominent Grand Ronde Family
PRESORTED STANDARD MAIL U.S. POSTAGE PAID PORTLAND, OR PERMIT NO. 700 Reibach receives lifetime achievement honor — pg. 7 august 1, 2020 School districts, Tribe weigh school Creek renamed re-opening options By Danielle Frost after prominent Smoke Signals staff writer ith the start of school just around the corner, district Grand Ronde family Wleaders are grappling with how to best educate children while By Danielle Frost keeping everyone safe. Smoke Signals staff writer School leaders predominantly fa- n the late 19th century, Contributed photo vor a hybrid model of both in-person Levi Bobb (also known and virtual learning, which allows Ias Levi Tillamook or them to switch gears if needed Levi Nestuc), a leader of the due to the COVID-19 coronavirus Nestucca Tribe of Tillamook pandemic and the state’s evolving Indians, resettled at the efforts to flatten the curve. Grand Ronde Reservation However, updated guidance from and became a community the state is resulting in an all-on- leader, as did several of his line experience for at least the first descendants. few weeks or months of school. Some 140 years later, On Tuesday, July 28, the Oregon a 3.3-mile-long stream in Health Authority and Oregon De- Tillamook County has been partment of Education released up- renamed Nestucca Bobb dated metrics that will determine Creek in his honor thanks to if schools can return to in-person the combined efforts of for- instruction in the fall, with certain mer Tribal Historian David exceptions. Lewis, the Bobb family and Each school district will de- Tribal Council. -
Lewis and Clark in Oregon Captains Meriwether Lewis
Name ___________________________ Date _______________ Lewis and Clark In Oregon Captains Meriwether Lewis and William Clark entered Oregon in October of 1805 as part of the Corps of Discovery expedition. They had just met the Nez Perce tribe, who took their horses in exchange for help building canoes to make it to the Pacific Ocean. They traveled down the Clearwater, Snake, and along the Columbia Rivers to trek through northwest Oregon. Their Nez Perce guide warned the expedition that they would travel through dangerous areas with risks of violent attacks from Native peoples. Even though the captains used more negative terms to describe their encounters with the new Native peoples, they were not subject to any hostility. They roughed the rapids of The Dalles and Celilo Falls before descending the Cascades Rapids. Their expedition successfully sighted the Pacific Ocean on November 7, 1805. Clark, upon seeing the ocean, wrote in his journal, “Ocian in view! O! the joy.” The Corps reached the ocean on November 18, and took a vote whether they should stay the winter or head back home. Sacagawea, their female Shoshone guide, and York, a slave, were included in the vote. It was decided that they would build a winter fort near the mouth of the Columbia River. It was completed in December of 1805, and they called it Fort Clatsop, after the helpful local tribe that had recommended the site. In total, Lewis and Clark spent nine months in Oregon (1805–1806). They established trade with many French-Canadian fur trappers and missionaries. In the spring of 1806, the Corps left Fort Clatsop to make the return journey to Missouri. -
GOVERNMENTAL POLICIES and the PRESERVATION and DISPLAY of NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURAL RESOURCES in the MIDDLE COLUMBIA BASIN
AN ABSTRACT CF THE THESIS OF Elva Olson Michael for the degree of Masterof Arts in Interdisciplinary Studies: Anthropology, Art, and Resource Recreation presented on July 25, 1979 Title: GOVERNMENTAL POLICIES and THE PRESERVATIONAND DISPLAY OF NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURAL RESOURCES IN THE MIDDLE COLUMBIA BASIN Redacted for Privacy Abstract approved: Thomas C. Hogg , " Prior to advent of Europeans in thePacific Northwest, the Middle Columbia River Basin was thelocation of highly develped native cultures. For centuries it was the center of very important native trade networksthat extended over western North America and a site ofimportant intertribal rituals relating to renewal of natural andfood resources. It possessed remarkably rich cultural resourceswhich are part of our national heritage andtrust. Today the Pacific Northwest Region isthe locus of 53 dam's which have inundated formervillages, fishing grounds, and prehistoric sites ofIndian people. This is especially true along the ColumbiaRiver. The construction of The Dalles Dam in 1952 institutedprior removal of ap- proximately forty of the 450prehistoric petroglyphs along the banks of the Long Narrowsand Celilo Falls, just east of The Dalles, Oregon. Following the removal of these native works of art, they werestored at The Dalles Dam site where they have remained for twenty-seven years. The situation of the petroglyphs prompted the question of who is responsible for their care, preservation, and proper interpretation. Research was conducted to examine pertinent federal and state policies as revealed in laws, regulations, executive orders, and in the actions and statements of public officials whose responsibilities relate to cultural resources. It was determined that laxity in enforcement of the Federal Antiquities Act of 1906 allows the petroglyphs to have remained in obscurity over the years and to never have been properly cared for or interpreted in a scientific or educational context. -
The First World Trade Center—Page 1 the First World Trade Center—Page 2 Storypath: Living in Celilo - Episode 1 31 Fishers
fishers. Where commercial fishers built their fisheries and how they affected The First World tribal fisheries was often a source of conflict, as well as how much fish they caught. Since the government had no formal agreements with the commercial fisheries, the fisheries really were not a part of the negotiation, though they Tr a d e C e n t e r watched closely to see what the future had in store for their businesses. By Shana Brown These three groups of people all wanted to use N’ichi )(!5 ),5(3)(5"5",5) 515),%5#.35),5 Wana (the Wasco word for the Columbia, meaning “big water”). Find out more about the the stock exchange, tribes along the Columbia River The Bonneville Power Administration, or BPA, had already Bonneville Power Administration operated their own world trade center. It was called dammed several portions of the Columbia River, and so many at http://www.bpa.gov/corporate/ About_BPA/history.cfm. Celilo. Celilo Falls was located in what is now the tribes knew what might be coming. Currently, there was already town of The Dalles. Since time immemorial, tribes as a canal built around Celilo Falls so that non-Indian commerce far north as Alaska, as far east as the Great Lakes, and and enterprises could develop. possibly as far south as Northern California gathered Under the Rivers and Harbors Act, the U.S. government, through the and traded at this sacred fishing ground. People bought, Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), negotiated a settlement with the tribes whose sold, and traded products from their homelands with custom it was to fish and trade at Celilo.