2014-EU-TM-0588-W Medtis 2 Interim Evaluation Report V2.2

MedTIS corridor Evaluation Report

MedTIS 2

Project reference: 2014-EU-TM-0588-W Project location: France, Italy, Spain, Portugal

Version: 2.2

www.its-platform.eu

Document Information

Authors

NAME ORGANISATION Sara Lefèvre Algoé Floriane Le Garrec Algoé Carlos Pelayo Algoé Bernard Fer ASFA Paola Mainardi SINA S.p.A. Claudio Gombi SINA S.p.A. Davide Poggio Autostrada dei Fiori Carlo Nieri SALT S.p.A.

Carlos Fuentes SEOPAN Ines Viegas Transportes, Inovaçao e Sistemas, S. A

Distribution

DATE VERSION DISSEMINATION 20-12-2019 V2.2 MedTIS SC and EU EIP

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Table of Contents

Document Information ...... 2

Table of Contents ...... 3

List of Abbreviations/Acronyms ...... 4

1 MedTIS 2 Action presentation ...... 5

2 Objectives of the evaluation ...... 7

3 Evaluation methodology ...... 8 3.1 Key Performance Indicators ...... 8 3.2 Perimeter of the evaluation and difficulties encountered ...... 10 3.3 Individual deployments evaluated ...... 13

4 Evaluation results ...... 17 4.1 Corridor level ...... 17 4.2 Local level ...... 26

5 Overall Assessment & Transferability of the Results (European Dimension) ...... 38

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List of Abbreviations/Acronyms

 AADT (Annual Average Daily Traffic)

 AID (Automatic Incident Detection)

 BKPI (Benefit Key Performance Indicator)

 CBA (Cost Benefit Analysis)

 C-ITS (Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems)

 CCTV (Closed circuit television)

 DKPI (Deployment Key Performance Indicator)

 EU (European Union)

 EIP (EU Intelligent Transport System Platform)

 HGV (Heavy Goods Vehicle1)

 ITS (Intelligent Transport System)

 KPI (Key Performance Indicator)

 MSD (eCall: Minimum Set of Data )

 OCR (Optical Character Recognition)

 NPVB (Net Present Value of Benefits)

 NPVC (Net Present Value of Costs)

 SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)

 SE (Speed Enforcement)

 TCC (Traffic Control Centre)

 TEN-T (The Trans-European Transport Networks in Europe)

 TIS (Travel Information System)

 TMP (Traffic Management Plan)

 TMS (Traffic Management Systems)

 VOT (Value of Time)

 VMS (Variable Message Sign)

1 http://www.transportpolicy.net/standard/eu-vehicle-definitions/

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1 MedTIS 2 Action presentation

MedTIS 2 Action is distributed along 8.598 km embedding in the TEN-T Mediterranean Corridor, together with sections of the Comprehensive network supporting the primary Core route. MedTIS corridor is at the heart of Southern Europe's exchanges. Serving major cities, such as Milan, Lyon, Marseille, Barcelona or Lisbon, it also connects major Adriatic and Mediterranean ports (Venice, Genoa, Marseille, Barcelona and Valencia) and thus constitutes a major axis of transit for people and goods that must operate optimally 24 / 7, in all circumstances. Thus, MedTIS corridor is characterised by:  High volume of daily traffic on critical sections  High rate of freight traffic (increasing)  Combined use of long-distance and daily trips  High volume of international road users  Peak traffic during summer season (holiday itinerary – seasonal migration)  Connections and go-through major conurbations (Core Urban nodes) leading to recurrent congestions With a network crossing many mountainous areas, especially in the border areas (on France- Italy border and Spain-France border) which are seven in number and constitute critical spots, this corridor concentrates many congestion areas that it is important to deal with in a coordinated manner between the different operators.

Some figures to illustrate MedTIS 2 network pattern (year 2013, before project implementation):

- More than 8 Millions of lost hours, 33 Millions of fuel over- consumption, and 90 000 T of CO2 over-emissions due to congestion

- More than 3 000 accidents causing about 3 500 slight injuries, 700 heavy injuries and 100 fatalities

Figure 1: Road infrastructure covered by MedTIS 2 Action

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In that context, MedTIS 2 main objective was to implement optimized road Traffic Management Services and Travel Information Services in coordinated way on the Mediterranean corridor. This consists in the deployment of Intelligent Transport Services (ITS) on the existing sections of the TEN- T roads to improve their functioning, with the ambition to significantly reduce congestion and improve safety on the whole corridor while using particularly cost efficient solutions. In particular, MedTIS 2 aimed to implement cross-border solutions, such as cross-border traffic management plans or cross-border travel times in order to facilitate the continuity of traffic all along that road axis. To carry out these deployments, it was necessary to work in a coordinated way, between all the partners, to develop tools and methods allowing a better monitoring and management of the traffic and a better information of the motorists, notably thanks to more performing traffic management centres. Action’s budget is 52.52 M€ (from which 50.37 M€ on ITS deployments). It consisted in the deployment of ITS Traffic Management and Traveller Information services and supporting technologies that provide road operators with the relevant tools to optimize the use of the TEN-T network infrastructure when the saturation or events are occurring. TMS and TIS services directly contribute to the operational excellence and cost-efficiency of the TEN-T network. The Action started in January 2014 and ended in December 2018. It was implemented by a consortium of private and public road operators from each Member State involved in the Action: Italy, France, Spain and Portugal. The specific targets of MedTIS 2 Action were to deliver 6.600 km of Traffic Management Services deployed and enhanced along the Corridor, plus 2.340 km of supporting Traveller Information Services deployed and enhanced along the Corridor. Interoperability of ITS services across Member States was ensured through the enforcement of relevant EU standards and in line with Directive 2010/40/EU and its delegated acts. The challenge of MedTIS Action was to deliver added-value for European road users along the corridor. The benefits sought by MedTIS road operators were: - Improved interoperability, continuity and seamless mobility - Improved harmonization of services - Improved operational excellence and cost-efficiency - Real-time traffic and travel information

Besides the implementation of ITS solutions, one of the objectives of MedTIS Action was to evaluate the impact of these implementations and assess if and how they bring the benefits previously mentioned. The evaluation will be disseminated to allow other road operators and ITS Corridor Actions to profit from lessons learnt during and after the implementation. This work will be done in coordination with the EU ITS Platform, following its directives and delivering the results to it.

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2 Objectives of the evaluation

As established in coordination with other ITS Corridor Actions and the EU EIP, the objective of this evaluation was to assess MedTIS 2 Action on two aspects:  The technical performance of the ITS deployments, to characterize the level of equipment of the Mediterranean Corridor routes  The benefits of the Action for its target users: road operators and drivers. The evaluation will allow all stakeholders (road operators, Member States, European Commission, EU EIP, European citizens and travellers) to understand the nature of investments made and the impact they have for target users. ITS implementers will profit from lessons learnt by MedTIS 2 partners, so they can better prepare their own deployments, avoid or solve the problems encountered, and choose the solutions most adapted to reach their own objectives. The following chapter describes the methodology adopted to realize the evaluation, pointing out the difficulties encountered and the solutions proposed to overcome them.

The evaluation of benefits has been carried out under two angles: 1- The evaluation of individual emblematic deployments of MedTIS2 Action (9 deployments were assessed). These projects, of local impact, have been deployed to better respond to the specific issues encountered on MedTIS2 network:  improving traffic management and reducing congestion on critical spots, such as the approach of big cities, and cross-border areas;  improving safety on tunnels and their surroundings;  improving quality of traffic and event information to users, including travel times information. 2- The evaluation of the impact on the whole corridor regarding MedTIS 2 main objectives of reducing congestion and improving safety Beyond that, all benefits evaluations have to demonstrate the good cost-efficiency of the deployments and solutions applied. The report presents in the followings chapters, the results of the evaluations, with an overview of the individual deployments’ evaluation and then the figures from the corridor level evaluation. The report finishes with the elements on the overall assessment ant the transferability of the results. The detailed individual evaluation reports can be found in the Annex.

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3 Evaluation methodology 3.1 Key Performance Indicators

Two sets of Key Performance Indicators have been adopted to assess each of the two aspects of this evaluation (technical performance and benefits).

Deployment KPIs MedTIS 2 Action focuses on deploying two types of services: Traffic Management and Traveller Information. The KPI selected at the beginning of the Action to evaluate the success of the Action is the number of kilometres covered by the new systems deployed.

Table 1: Deployment KPIs

KPI Name KPI definition Corridor’s objectives by the end of the Action TMS Length of TEN-T network on 6.600 km of TEN-T network on which Traffic deployment which TMS is deployed and Management Services are upgraded progress enhanced

TIS Length of TEN-T network on 2.340 km of TEN-T network on which Traveller deployment which TIS is deployed and Information Services are upgraded progress enhanced

To measure this KPI at Corridor level, each individual deployment done in MedTIS 2 Action is classed either as TMS or TIS. Road operators then calculate the length of motorway covered by the individual solution at the end of the deployment. The data at Corridor level is obtained through the addition of each individual KPI. Besides this classification regarding Traffic Management and Traveller Information services, MedTIS2 partners wish to deliver a more concrete view of the improvements on level of service due to equipment and operational solutions deployed. To do this, they have defined a ranking scale to qualify the Level of Service of each motorway of MedTIS 2 Action. The ranking scale is the following:

Table 2: Level of Service (LoS) scale

Level Services Comments 0 Nothing is There is no ITS deployed with the exception of perhaps emergency telephone. implemented There may be limited traffic counters/loops VMS are implemented with traffic information (e.g. Warning for accident, warning for traffic jam, and warning for meteorological event). The VMS is not repeated on every section. One sign is valid for several sections of Basic travel 1 the motorway. There will be basic monitoring. information This can be considered as basic level of ITS service where there may be one or two signs placed over several (long) sections, and information is applicable for over a wide area and not necessarily specific to the immediate location of the sign. Traffic information There may be a VMS at the start of each section and at the entrance of motorway, and traffic 2 and/or a radio station dedicated to traffic information covering the network. management per Travel time information, including cross border travel time, speed control, section

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overtaking bans may be some of the measures and messages provided on the equipped sections. CCTV cameras may be implemented on specific sectors. This level applies where information for management the network, is applicable to the immediate vicinity of the signing. There will be monitoring using a variety of technologies. CCTV cameras are regularly installed along the motorway, with, in some specific cases, an incident detection system. Vehicle tracking systems may be implemented. Floating mobile data can be used on sensitive sections to improve data collection, to facilitate more accurate travel time information, and to make accident detection more reliable. High level and Specific software may be developed on sensitive sections to automatically prepare 3 sophisticated Traffic traffic information delivery and propose to motorway operators even more information and performing traffic management solutions. traffic management This level applies where there is a high level of sophistication with accurate traffic data collection and performing traffic management on long sections. There are various and numerous channels of information delivery, including on board information. This level should be considered as a performing level of specification for inter- urban motorways and the first level of specification for the urban motorways.

MedTIS partners have used this scale to qualify each section2 of their network. Two situations have been established to help situate the improvement of level of service due to MedTIS 2 Action: - the first one, for year 2013, before project deployment, - the second one, for year 2018, after full project deployment

At individual deployment level, road operators have used the Deployment KPIs defined by the EU EIP. This has been done for deployments for which a specific evaluation was carried out (see chapter 3.3).

Benefit KPIs MedTIS 2 Action focuses on two main objectives: reducing congestion on strategic bottlenecks of the Corridor, and reducing accident number and severity. A logical consequence of congestion reduction is a reduction in fuel over-consumption, and a reduction of tons of CO2 emitted, leading to a positive impact on the environment. Therefore, the three benefit KPIs chosen for MedTIS Action are:

Table 3: Benefit KPIs

Category KPI Definition Corridor’s objectives by the end of the Action

2 length of motorway between two interchanges

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5% reduction of loss hours for road users during Change in bottleneck congestion on main strategic bottlenecks of the Congestion congestion corridor (considering the same level of traffic EU EIP Code: EUEIP-BKPI-N3 along time)

The Change in CO2 emissions 5% reduction CO2 emissions on strategic Environment EU EIP Code: EUEIP-BKPI-E1 bottlenecks of the corridor

Change in accident number Safety and severity Reduce accident number and severity. EU EIP Code: EUEIP-BKPI-S1

3.2 Perimeter of the evaluation and difficulties encountered

The ambition of this evaluation is to qualify technical performance and impact for end-users of MedTIS Action on the whole deployment perimeter (8.598 km along the Mediterranean corridor), with the permanent concern to deploy investments and methods of performing cost-efficiency. Nevertheless, there are several constraints that make this a difficult exercise:

- Action schedule The evaluation has to be delivered at the immediate end of the project, whereas the effects of ITS solutions require a long time period for their evaluation. For example, the evaluation of the impact of the program in terms of safety is carried out through the examination of the accident statistics recorded before and after the implementation of the project. Yet, an accident is, fortunately, a rare statistical element. To show significant results, these statistics must be based on very numerous accidents (hundreds and possibly thousands), which occur over several years (at least 5 years). A significant measure of the safety impact of a program therefore normally requires approximately 5 years after implementation of the program. As MedTIS 2 deployments are all finished between 2015 and 2018, real data on impacts observed after the deployment were not always ready or sufficient for their evaluation in 2018. Therefore, the assessments were conducted using, in addition to real data, data projections or simulated data. In these cases, the issue is to establish simulated data that is indeed representative of the real data.

- External factors Given the extent of the geographical perimeter and the duration of the implementation (4 years), there are several external factors that can have an influence on the KPIs previously identified. Regarding Deployment KPIs, the road operators can have ITS deployment projects that are not covered by the MedTIS Action, and that are implemented on a similar period of time, thus modifying the Level of Service on MedTIS roads at the same time as MedTIS 2 Action. Regarding Benefit KPIs, the ‘natural’ evolution of traffic conditions (more or less drivers on the road), of users’ driving habits, of vehicles’ technologies, and other parameters, can all have a positive or negative impact on selected KPIs. Other road projects can also have an influence on these KPIs (for

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example, the use of new coating materials on the carriageway that have better road/wheel grip for improved safety). It is not always possible to separate this impact from the Action’s one. Therefore, another important challenge for the evaluators is to verify, at the time of the selection of the individual projects to be evaluated, that the general context of the network where the project applies will remain stable before and after the deployment.

- Important number of individual deployments and their synergies MedTIS 2 Action is composed of 85 individual coordinated deployments across the network. Therefore, in order to assess the Action, it is necessary to take into account the global performance and impact of all these individual deployments. It would be pointless to simply assess each individual deployment and add up all results, as there are route sections that were impacted by more than one deployment. Moreover, a synergy could exist between the systems, modifying the global effect on the route section. It would then be difficult to evaluate the influence of a single system.

To overcome these difficulties and issues, MedTIS 2 implementers have adopted a methodology that analyses the impact of the Action at two levels:

 Corridor level: At the Corridor level, MedTIS 2 partners have decided to deliver a global view on all deployment and benefit KPIs. The impact assessment must be based on a comparison between the situations observed in 2013 (before project implementation), and in 2018 and beyond (after implementation of the project). For Deployment KPIs, all road operators have adopted a single ranking scale that allows them to qualify the Level of Service of each motorway of MedTIS 2 Action. This work takes into account the real situation of the motorways at the two reference dates (2013 and 2018). Regarding Benefit KPIs, each road operator has recovered real data for 2013. Consolidated data for the whole network in 2018 is not yet available and, as explained before, it was not always possible to isolate the impact of the Action from other factors that could affect KPIs. Therefore, it was decided to make an estimation of the impact of the Action at Corridor level. The detailed calculation method and its hypothesis are presented in the next chapter. Therefore, the Benefit evaluation at Corridor Level is an ex-ante evaluation.

 Individual deployment level: MedTIS network has not got a uniform Level of Service regarding ITS equipment. Even if data regarding MedTIS 2 Action is not available on the whole network, there are specific points or areas of the motorway network where information on one or more KPIs is available. MedTIS 2 partners have identified a list of deployment projects for which the information is indeed available. They have carried out individual evaluations of these projects, to assess both deployment and benefits. This list has been established to form a cross section of MedTIS 2 deployments. It contains projects on all four Member States where the Action is implemented, addresses both Traffic Management and Traveller Information services, and covers various site configurations that are considered as sensitive sections of the MedTIS network: tunnels, cross-border sections, urban areas, and

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bottleneck sections. The selection also covers a variety of solutions: sensors to detect incidents and qualify traffic conditions in real-time, new software at Traffic Control Centres to analyse data and help decision-making for road operators, VMS and other dynamic signing solutions to disseminate real-time travel information and help decision-making for road users, amongst others. The next sub-chapter presents the list of individual and emblematic projects evaluated, Chapter 4 presents the main results of these individual evaluations, and the detailed reports can be found in the Annex.

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3.3 Individual deployments evaluated

The table below contains an overview of individual evaluations carried out for MedTIS 2 Action. A more detailed presentation of the solutions deployed and the time and type of evaluation can be found afterwards. Amongst the deployments evaluated, there are several actions implemented at big cities’ approach. Big cities approach are ideal points for assessing the impact of ITS solutions for two main reasons: - They frequently correspond to sensitive sectors where bottleneck and congestions frequently occur; - They are often equipped with sensors and other technologies that allow to qualify traffic. The data needed for the evaluation is therefore available at these points.

Table 4: Overview of individual projects evaluated

Length of Member network #Ref Implementer Activity's title Location State concerned [ km ]

Enhancement of Traffic MedTIS 2_FRA-01 ESCOTA A8 40 Management in tunnels

Road user warning – traffic MedTIS 2_FRA-03 ESCOTA A8 206

congestion information

Enhancement of TIS equipment on MedTIS 2_FRA-09 ASF A9-A7 200 bottleneck sections

Installation of ITS systems in MedTIS 2_ITA-08 ADF-A6 TO-SV A6 124 tunnels

Equipment for traffic management MedTIS 2_ITA-10 SALT A12 - A11 170 and control

Installation of ITS systems in MedTIS 2_ITA-24 SALT A15 101 tunnels

Autopistas concesionarias Traffic Management Centre AP7 MedTIS 2_SEO-01 648 Española S.A upgrade (Abertis) /Abertis Autopistas

Autopista del Sol, Automatic Detection of Traffic MedTIS 2_SEO-05 AP7 (E15) 105 C.E.S.A. Patterns in Motorway

All implementing All MT2 MedTIS 2_POR All MedTIS 2 deployments 1 296 bodies network

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MedTIS 2_FRA-01: Enhancement of Traffic Management in tunnels - Description: the project aims to reduce congestion in the 40 km-long cross-border zone where tunnels and toll plazas are located. By developing a more performing traffic monitoring and management, including new toll plazas management solutions. These solutions comprehend: rearrangement of toll lanes, adding new functionalities for foreign motorists, and improving approaching signalling. - Location: A8 motorway, tunnel sections near urban area of Nice, South-East of France - Deployment period: project started in 2015 and finished in 2016 - Evaluation period: 2013 to 2017 - Evaluation type: ex-post - Deployment KPIs: Traffic conditions and travel time information services - Benefit KPIs: change in bottleneck congestion and change in CO2 emissions

MedTIS 2_FRA-03: Road user warning – traffic congestion information - Description: The project aims at smoothing traffic flow in Aix-en-Provence and Antibes toll plazas area and their adjacent sections. The solutions include new tools and methods to estimate and predict waiting time at toll stations and their adjacent sections. - Location: A8 motorway, near urban areas of Aix-en-Provence and Antibes, South-East of France - Deployment period: project started in 2016 and finished in 2017 - Evaluation period: 2015 to 2017 - Evaluation type: ex-post - Deployment KPIs: Incident detection and incident management - Benefit KPIs: change in bottleneck congestion and change in CO2 emissions

MedTIS 2_FRA-09: Enhancement of TIS equipment on bottleneck sections - Description: deployment of new equipment to improve traveller information on critical sections of A7 motorways.. - Location: A7 motorway, between Lyon and Marseille - Deployment period: project started in 2015 and finished in 2017 - Evaluation period: 2014 to 2016 (the evaluation ends before the end of the project because it does not cover the whole perimeter of the deployment, just part of it) - Evaluation type: ex-post - Deployment KPIs: Forecast and real time event information - Benefit KPIs: change in bottleneck congestion and change in CO2 emissions

MedTIS 2_ITA-08: Installation of ITS systems in tunnels - Description: Installation of VMS, CCTV with AID systems, and traversable cameras, and strengthening of transmission network - Location: A6 motorway, tunnel sections between Turin and Savona, North-West of Italy - Deployment period: project started in 2014 and finished in 2015, minor improvements in 2017 and 2018 - Evaluation period: 2014 to 2016 - Evaluation type: ex-ante - Deployment KPIs: Incident detection and incident management - Benefit KPIs: change in accident numbers and severity

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MedTIS 2_ITA-10: Enhanced ITS Traffic Management at toll stations - Description: deployment of ITS devices (VMS, CCTV, weather stations, TCC upgrades) for the management of traffic flow - Location: A11 motorway, on the Viareggio-Lucca branch and A12 motorway, on the Sestri Levante-Livorno section, North-West of Italy - Deployment period: project started in 2014 and finished in 2015 - Evaluation period: 2013 to 2016 - Evaluation type: ex-post - Deployment KPIs: Incident detection and incident management and Weather information services - Benefit KPIs: change in accident numbers and severity

MedTIS 2_ITA-24: Installation of ITS systems in tunnels - Description: installation of SOS columns, CCTV, AID, SCADA system, VMS, radio communication, and fire detection systems. - Location: A15 motorway, between Parma and La Spezia cities, North-West of Italy - Deployment period: project started in 2014 and finished in 2015 - Evaluation period: 2014 to 2016 - Evaluation type: ex-ante - Deployment KPIs: Incident detection and incident management - Benefit KPIs: change in accident numbers and severity

MedTIS 2_SEO-01: Traffic Management Centre upgrade - Description: installation of new CCTV, VMS, Fleet management units, Communication equipment between ITS road-side equipment and TMC on critical spots. This deployment consisted in the implementation of several solutions for a better management of La Roca and Girona toll plaza and their adjacent sections, near Barcelona , in order to minimize waiting time - Location: AP-7 motorway, near Barcelona city, and Girona city , North-East of Spain - Deployment period: project started in 2015 and finished in 2018 - Evaluation period: 2015-2018 and 2016-2017 - Evaluation type: ex-post - Deployment KPIs: Traffic management and Traffic Control Measures - Benefit KPIs: change in bottleneck congestion, change in CO2 emissions, and change in accident numbers and severity

MedTIS 2_SEO-05: Traffic patterns automatic detection - Description: deployment of an integrated traffic monitoring system, including waiting time measuring on toll plazas, incident detection in tunnels and mainline traffic monitoring - Location: AP-7 motorway between Fuengirola and Guadairo, South of Spain. - Deployment period: project started in 2016 and finished in 2018 - Evaluation period: 2016 to 2018 - Evaluation type: ex-post - Deployment KPIs: Incident detection and incident management and Travel time and traffic conditions information. - Benefit KPIs: change in accident numbers and severity

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MedTIS 2_POR: all MedTIS 2 deployments - Description: improvement of roadside equipment and of Traffic Control Centre. The evaluation focuses on three regions of the Portuguese MedTIS network, taking into account all deployments in these sections. - Location: Oporto area (58 km), Lisbon area (75 km) and Algarve region (128 km) - Deployment period: project started in 2014 and finished in 2017 - Evaluation period: 2013 to 2017 - Evaluation type: ex-post - Deployment KPIs: traffic conditions information and travel time information services - Benefit KPIs: Change in accident numbers and severity

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4 Evaluation results

This chapter presents the evaluation results for the two levels considered for MedTIS 2 Action: at Corridor level, and at a local level through some specific examples. For both levels, the results cover Deployment KPIs and Benefit KPIs. 4.1 Corridor level

4.1.1 Deployment KPIs: Level of Service on MedTIS 2 network MedTIS 2 Action consisted in the implementation of two types of ITS solutions, those addressing Traffic Management Services and those addressing Travel Information Services.

 Traffic Management Services

The deployments cover the functional chain of road traffic management and thus focus on: - Improving data collection (real-time data, on road sensors, Floating Car Data, video monitoring, mobile devices, traffic monitoring); - Improving data transmission (communication networks); - Improving data consolidation (web platform, Traffic Management Centres); - Making Traffic Management Centres more performing and efficient (calculation, processing, prediction, real-time decision support tools, broadcast, and enforcement of Traffic Management Plans – including cross-border); - Improving incident and accident management (new detection systems, end-user information);

MedTIS 2 Action consisted in 61 individual deployments addressing TMS. Out of these deployments:  50 projects were delivered as planned;  10 projects were rescheduled and finished after the Action’s end date;  1 project was cancelled.

The table below shows the number of kilometres covered by TMS solutions for each beneficiary. In blue, the number of kilometres initially planned in the Work Programme; in red, actual kilometres covered by the end of the Action. MedTIS 2 has delivered 13 419 km of Traffic Management Services. The Action has reached its objective of delivering at least 6 600 km of TMS.

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Infrastructure covered by each beneficiary for MedTIS 2 Action - Traffic Management services 6 000 99 % 5 000

4 000 67 %

3 000 FRAWork WP Programme 100 % 2 000 FRAReal Real deployments 67 % 52 % km of infrastructure covered infrastructure ofkm 1 000 55 %

0 WP Real WP Real WP Real WP Real WP Real WP Real FRA ITA SP-DGT SP-SCT SP-SEO POR

 Traveller Information Services MedTIS II road operators deployed a set of end-user oriented services and supporting systems: - Road-user warning: dynamic signalling, real-time alert information - Traveller information: website, isoradio, travel time, weather information, co-modal information - VMS networks increase, upgrade and display harmonisation - Upgrading of the interconnections between traveller services and Traffic Management Centres

MedTIS 2 Action consisted in 24 individual deployments addressing TIS. Out of these deployments:  17 projects were delivered as planned;  5 projects were rescheduled and finished after the Action’s end date;  2 projects were cancelled.

The table below shows the number of kilometres covered by TIS solutions for each beneficiary. In yellow, the number of kilometres initially planned in the Work Programme; in purple, actual kilometres covered by the end of the Action. MedTIS 2 has delivered 5 054 km of Traveller Information Services. The Action has reached its objective of delivering at least 2 340 km of TIS.

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Infrastructure covered by each beneficiary for MedTIS 2 Action - Travel information services 3 000 100 % 2 500

2 000

1 500 FRAWork WP Programme 86 % 85 % FRAReal Real deployments 1 000 86 %

km of infrastructure covered infrastructure ofkm 500

0 WP Real WP Real WP Real WP Real WP Real WP Real FRA ITA SP-DGT SP-SCT SP-SEO POR

There are several reasons why individual deployments were delayed or cancelled. French road operators were mainly confronted with technical difficulties, as the software developments needed for the Traffic Management Centres were more complex than initially planned. Portuguese projects were also delayed of modified following technical difficulties. Some Spanish projects were cancelled following high level decisions where ITS solutions initially identified were no longer priorities for Spanish government, who decided to place investments in different technologies. Italian road operators faced internal evolutions regarding public procurement procedures that delayed several projects. As previously mentioned, these modifications to the work programme have not affected the final outcome of the project, as it has reached its objectives in terms of kilometres of infrastructure covered with Traffic Management and Traveller Information services.

 Level of Service In order to deliver a more concrete view on the kind of equipment and services deployed through the network, road operators have established two Level of Service situations, one in 2013, showing the LoS of MedTIS network before the start of the Action, and one in 2018, showing the LoS at the end of the Action. Each section of the network is described using the following ranking scale. Level Services Comments 0 Nothing is There is no ITS deployed with the exception of perhaps emergency telephone. implemented There may be limited traffic counters/loops VMS are implemented with traffic information (e.g. Warning for accident, warning 1 Basic travel for traffic jam, and warning for meteorological event). information The VMS is not repeated on every section. One sign is valid for several sections of the motorway. There will be basic monitoring. 2 Traffic information There may be a VMS at the start of each section and at the entrance of motorway, and traffic and/or a radio station dedicated to traffic information covering the network.

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management per Travel time information, including cross border travel time, speed control, section overtaking bans may be some of the measures and messages provided on the equipped sections. CCTV cameras are regularly installed along the motorway, with, in some specific cases, an incident detection system. High level and Vehicle tracking systems may be implemented. Floating mobile data can be used 3 sophisticated Traffic on sensitive sections to improve data collection, to facilitate more accurate travel information and time information, and to make accident detection more reliable. traffic management Specific software may be developed on sensitive sections to automatically prepare traffic information delivery and propose to motorway operators even more performing traffic management solutions.

Beneficiaries have measured the following evolutions between 2013 and 2018 on MedTIS 2 network:  Nearly 100 % of the network classified Level of service 0 switched to classification 1.  Nearly 20 % of the network classified Level of service 1 switched to classification 2.  Nearly 10 % of the network classified Level of service 2 switched to classification 3.

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4.1.2 Benefits at Corridor level As noted above, and since MedTIS is composed of multiple and sometimes interdependent projects, the results of which cannot simply be summed up, the benefits’ evaluation of the entire Corridor Program needs to be addressed using a methodology that aggregates the effects of the deployment of each of the actions of this program. Given the time constraints that require evaluation results to be delivered at the end of the project, road operators have mainly developed an ex-ante evaluation method. This method seeks to respond to the commitment of verifying, by a socio-economic analysis, that MedTIS program fully responds to the objectives assigned in terms of congestion reduction, environmental impact, and safety improvement; and with a good level of economic balance of investments. The results must be significant and meaningful for decision-makers and stakeholders. Moreover, the methodology should rely on as most individual deployments as possible, and allow the measurement of impacts common to all of them and significant for the entire program. Considering individual deployments of MedTIS Action, more than 75% of them aim to:  Better and Faster detection (CCTV, incident detection system …)  Better and Faster information (VMS, on board information …)  Better and Faster intervention (on site protection) In fact and to summarize, the operational goal sought by the operators in deploying these projects is to improve the alert time and the response time in case of incident or accident, and thus reduce the occurrence of secondary accidents (by alerting drivers approaching the primary accident, so they are more prepared to avoid a secondary accident).

Impact on safety Given the above, impact on safety is estimated by calculating the possible reduction of secondary accidents, which can be avoided by reducing alert and intervention times. To estimate the impact of the reduction of the alert time on the secondary accidents, and taking into account that a secondary accident can occur within 4 to 5 min after the first accident, the method analyzes different realistic scenarios of reduction of alert times on different types of network and deduces the realistic percentages of potential reduction in the number of secondary-accidents. On the basis of existing accident data, which show that the share of secondary-accidents varies from 4% to 12% of total accidents according to the type of traffic (low traffic, medium traffic or high traffic), the analysis below presents the different impacts of reducing the warning time on the number of accidents.

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About elasticity of the theoretical accident reduction rate

Average delay of occurrence of a Time savings due to Secondary secondary accident quicker alert (due accidents/total after the first to the program) (in accidents number Accident number Road and traffic accident ( in sec) sec) Time savings rate observed potential reduction configuration

A B C = B/A D E = C*D F

Low traffic 4 % 0.50 % motorway

Average traffic 30 12.5 % 6.5 % 0.81 % motorway

High traffic 12 % 1.50 % motorway 240 Low traffic 4 % 1.00 % motorway

Average traffic 60 25 % 6.5 % 1.63 % motorway

High traffic 12 % 3.00 % motorway

Low traffic 4 % 0.40 % motorway

Average traffic 30 10 % 6.5 % 0.65 % motorway

High traffic 12 % 1.20 % motorway 300 Low traffic 4 % 0.80 % motorway

Average traffic 60 20 % 6.5 % 1.30 % motorway

High traffic 12 % 2.40 % motorway Table 5: Potential Accident number reduction due to program - Various hypothesis

According of the different scenarios, and after eliminating the four cases regarding low traffic motorways (not present on MedTIS network), the theoretical range of potential accident reduction rate figures is between 0.65% and 3%. After discussions, road operators decided to take the average of these different figures as the right potential reduction rate of accident numbers on MedTIS network linked to alert time reduction. Thus, the potential reduction rate of accident numbers linked to alert time reduction on Medtis network is calculated at 1.6 % for the evaluation study.

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Using that first result of 1.6% reduction rate, the methodology developed below allows to estimate the potential savings on safety due to MedTIS program implementation (Benefit KPI: change in accident number and severity).

Impact on congestion One assumes that there is a straight relation between congestion volumes and accidents. One assumes that inter-urban highway congestion is mainly related to accidents that occur there: a potential reduction of 1,6% in the number of accidents leads to a potential reduction of 1,6% in congestion volumes3. That hypothesis leads to a congestion reduction volume calculation to be considered as a minima result. In practice, the congestion volume reduction should be more favourable. Thus, our hypothesis should be rather conservative. According to that hypothesis and using that same reduction rate of 1,6%, the methodology developed below allows to estimate the potential savings on congestion volumes due to MedTIS program implementation (Benefit KPI: change in bottleneck congestion).

Impact on CO2 emissions One assumes that there is a straight relation between congestion volumes (expressed in lost hours) and fuel over-consumption (expressed in fuel liters) and therefore CO2 over-emissions (expressed in CO2 Tons). The table below makes it possible to calculate the relation between a volume of congestion lasting 1 hour on 1km, on a lane, and the volumes of over-consumption of fuel and therefore of corresponding CO2 over-emissions. The calculation is made on the following basis corresponding to inter-urban motorways: ˃ Average speed in the congestion is 50 km/h (instead of 110 km/h in fluid traffic situation); ˃ Maximum traffic flow for an inter-urban motorway is 1750 veh/h for 1 lane, of which 1575 light vehicles and 175 heavy goods vehicles; ˃ It was furthermore estimated that under these conditions: ˃ During congestion, light vehicles consume an extra 0.035 L/km of fuel and HGV consume an extra 0.16 L/km of fuel; ˃ CO2 emissions per litre of fuel is 2.7 kg.

3 This figure is consistent with the objective of reducing the congestion observed on the main bottlenecks of medtis by 5%. Indeed it applies to the entire network and not to its critical spots; so the global figure is necessarily inferior to 5 %.

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Characteristics of fluid traffic Characteristics of flow congested traffic flow (for 1 HKM)

Traffic/hour (veh/h/km) 1750 1750

(1575 LV + 175 HGV) (1575 LV + 175 HGV)

Average speed (km/h) 110 50

Fuel consumption (L/km) LV: 0.07 LV: 0.105 (+ 0.035)

HGV: 0.32 HGV: 0.48 (+ 0.16)

Fuel over-consumption (L/km) 0.035*1575 + 0.16*175 = 83.125

CO2 over-emissions (T/km) 83.125*2.7/1000 = 0.224 Table 6: Estimation of fuel over-consumption and CO2 over-emissions for 1 HKM

To summarize that calculation: 1 km congested traffic for 1 hour on 1 lane, running at 50 km/h in average, equals about 20 lost hours ; 83.125 l of fuel over-consumption; and 0.224 T of CO2 over- emissions. And so, 1 h of congestion represents 4.16 L of fuel over-consumption (83.125/20) and 0.0112 T of CO2 over-consumption (0.224/20).

By using the accident figures and congestion volumes for the year 2013, used as reference year before deployment, the methodology makes it possible to estimate, from the coefficient of improvement of 1.6%, the potential gains due to the project. These are expressed in savings on accidents’ number, congestion volumes, and therefore in volume of fuel over-consumption and CO2 over-emissions.

Consolidated Figures for Year 2013 (All MedTIS2 beneficiaries)

Accidents Congestion volumes

Accident number: 3181 Hours lost: 8 022 240

Slight injured number: 3468

Seriously injured number: 665

Fatalities: 102

Social costs according to the different countries

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Accidents Congestion

Slight injured : from 13 800€ to 21 600€ Hour lost : from 7,87€ to 22,54€ (source : DOT of beneficiaries) Seriously injured : from 201 100€ to 289 200€ Fuel liter : 0,7€(out of tax) (source : market price) Fatality : from 1 505 000€ to 2 070 000€ CO2 Ton : 30€ (source : market price) (source : Handbook of external costs of transport)

Applying the social costs, used in the different beneficiaries networks, related to each of the savings, and summing those savings, it is possible to monetarize the gains of the whole project.

Table 7: Potential savings on MedTIS 2 main network

This table therefore makes it possible to draw the following overall potential results per year after MedTIS2 implementation:

Safety Congestion Environment

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Potential Reduction : about 51 Potential reduction : about 130 000 Potential reduction : about 535 000 accidents, 66 injured, 2 fatalities Hours fuel liters, 1 450 CO2 emissions Tons

These savings account for a total of roughly 9,5 million € per year. Comparing this with MedTIS deployment cost of about 43 million €, the return on investment of the whole Action is less than 5 years.

Insofar as the hypotheses retained are very conservative, as indicated above, these results, to be considered as minima, are therefore very positive and well demonstrate the impact of the MedTIS implementation.

4.2 Local level

This section presents, for each individual deployment assessed, the main results of the evaluation regarding both Deployment and Benefit KPIs. It is important to notice that these evaluations do not necessarily cover the whole deployment perimeter of projects, as they are often composed of different solutions. And, as for the Corridor level evaluation, the analysis was made for certain situations only (secondary accidents for projects addressing road safety). Therefore, the benefits calculated in these reports can be considered as minimal; the impact of each project is potentially greater than shown in the evaluation, when taking into account all the solutions deployed and all situations addressed (primary accidents for example). Moreover, deployment dates and costs might differ from those announced in MedTIS 2 Action Final report.

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4.2.1 MedTIS 2_FRA-01: Enhancement of Traffic Management in tunnels

Evaluation period Evaluation type Deployment KPIs Benefit KPIs

2013 to 2017 Ex-post Traffic conditions and Change in bottleneck travel time information congestion; services Change in CO2 emissions

ITS Deployment status - Description: the project aims to reduce congestion in the 40 km-long cross-border zone where tunnels and toll plazas are located. By developing a more performing traffic monitoring and management, that includes, in particular, new operating ways of toll plazas management, comprehending: rearrangement of toll lanes, adding new functionalities for foreign motorists, and improving approaching signalling . - Location: A8 motorway, tunnel sections near urban area of Nice, South-East of France - Deployment period: the project started in 2015 and was completely deployed at the beginning of 2016 as planned, and is now fully operational. - Deployment KPI: the project completion rate is 100 %. It covers 40 km.

Impact on Traffic Flow By helping improving traffic management in the cross-border area, that comprehend international traffic, thus contributing to congestion reduction, this project has a direct impact on traffic flow. It helps saving, on a yearly basis, 11 600 lost hours.

Impact on Safety By acting on traffic congestion, which is linked to (material) accidents’ frequency, this systems contributes, at a certain level, to increasing safety.

Impact on Environment By acting on traffic congestion, which is linked to fuel over-consumption and increased CO2 emissions, this system has a direct impact on environment. It helps saving, on a yearly basis, 48 140 L of fuel, and 130 tons of CO2 emissions.

Impact on Modal Integration This project has got no particular impact in modal integration.

Cost-Benefit Analysis The deployment costs are 730 393 €, and the benefits are estimated at 469 930 € per year, which means a ROI of less than 2 years.

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4.2.2 MedTIS 2_FRA-03: Road user warning – traffic congestion information

Evaluation period Evaluation type Deployment KPIs Benefit KPIs

2015 to 2017 Ex-post Incident detection and Change in bottleneck incident management congestion;

Change in CO2 emissions

ITS Deployment status - Description: The project aims at smoothing traffic flow in Aix-en-Provence and Antibes toll plazas area and their adjacent sections. The solutions include new tools and methods to estimate and predict waiting time at toll stations and their adjacent sections. - Location: A8 motorway, near urban areas of Aix-en-Provence and Antibes, South-East of France - Deployment period: project started in 2016 and finished in 2017 - Deployment KPI: the project completion rate is 100 %. It covers 40 km Impact on Traffic Flow The upgraded management of tollgate and their adjacent sections, results in road congestion reduction, which represents an economy of 1 817 lost hours.

Impact on Safety By contributing to road congestion reduction, that usually implies increasing occurrence of accidents (mainly material), this system is involved, at local scale, in road safety improvement.

Impact on Environment By contributing to road congestion reduction, which generates excessive fuel consumption and therefore excessive CO2 emission, this system has a direct impact on environment. The deployment contributes to a yearly economy of 7 552 L of fuel and 20.35 tons of CO2.

Impact on Modal Integration This project has got no particular impact in modal integration.

Cost-Benefit Analysis The deployment costs are 300 746 €, and the benefits are estimated at 73 616 € per year, which means a ROI of less than 5 years.

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4.2.3 MedTIS 2_FRA-09: Enhancement of TIS equipment on bottleneck sections

Evaluation period Evaluation type Deployment KPIs Benefit KPIs

2014 to 2016 (partial Ex-post Forecast and real time Change in bottleneck evaluation) event information congestion;

Change in CO2 emissions

ITS Deployment status - Description: deployment of equipment to improve traveller information on critical sections of A7 motorways - Location: A7 motorway, between Lyon and Marseille - Deployment period: project started in 2015 and finished in 2017 - Deployment KPI: the project completion rate is 100 %. It covers 200 km with Traffic condition and Travel time information services.

Impact on Traffic Flow Real time information to motorists allow better traffic monitoring, earlier alerts to drivers in case of emergency events, travel time prediction, and if necessary alternative routes. These elements contribute to improve daily traffic management and to road congestion reduction (lost hours) by 2 076 hours.

Impact on Modal Integration This project has got no particular impact in modal integration.

Cost-Benefit Analysis The deployment costs are 174 680 €, and the benefits are estimated at 84 093 € per year, which means a ROI of less than 3 years.

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4.2.4 MedTIS 2_ITA-08: Installation of ITS systems in tunnels

Evaluation period Evaluation type Deployment KPIs Benefit KPIs

2014 to 2016 Ex-post Incident detection and Change in accident incident management numbers and severity

ITS Deployment status - Description: Installation of VMS, CCTV with AID systems, and traversable cameras, and strengthening of transmission network - Location: A6 motorway, tunnel sections between Turin and Savona, North-West of Italy - Deployment period: project started in 2014 and finished in 2015, minor improvements in 2017 and 2018 - Deployment KPI: the project completion rate is 100 %. It covers 37 tunnels of the A6 motorway, deploying Incident detection and incident management systems.

Impact on Traffic Flow The new equipment, permits to monitor the traffic flow. The data is directly sent to the Traffic Control Center that can identify, analyze and process it for a better management of traffic flow, dispatching user information through all possible channels and information devices.

Impact on Safety Through the implementation of new CCTV stations in most of A6 tunnels, it is possible to monitor and cover the whole tunnel length, in terms of incident detection and hazardous situations. With the aid of traffic sensors and the Traffic Control Center it is possible to prevent or activate procedures in case of alert in order to improve safety for the users and for the road workers. The project has thus contributed to potentially avoiding 45 accidents from 2014 to 2016

Impact on Environment Thanks to the new equipment, it is possible to monitor the traffic flow and in case of alert, incidents, or queues, to give information to users and reroute vehicles, reducing the emissions and the impact on environment.

Impact on Modal Integration This project has got no particular impact in modal integration.

Cost-Benefit Analysis The deployment costs are 1 059 556 €, and the benefits are estimated at 1, 5 M€ for 2016-2019 period, which means a ROI of about 4 years.

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4.2.5 MedTIS 2_ITA-10: Enhanced ITS Traffic Management at toll stations

Evaluation period Evaluation type Deployment KPIs Benefit KPIs

2013 to 2016 Ex-post Incident detection and Change in accident incident management; numbers and severity

Weather information services

ITS Deployment status - Description: deployment of ITS devices (VMS, CCTV, weather stations, TCC upgrades) for the management of traffic flow - Location: A11 motorway, on the Viareggio-Lucca branch and A12 motorway, on the Sestri Levante-Livorno section, North-West of Italy - Deployment period: project started in 2014 and finished in 2015 - Deployment KPI: the project completion rate is 100 %. It covers 170 km with Incident detection and incident management systems, and Weather information services.

Impact on Traffic Flow The new equipment, installed along the whole motorway, makes it possible to monitor the traffic flow; and to send data directly to the Traffic Control Centre that can identify, analyse and process this data for a better management of flow, dispatching user information through all possible channels and information devices.

Impact on Safety Through the new implementation of new CCTV stations, it is possible to monitor and cover a wide area of the motorway, in terms of incident detection and hazardous situations. With the aid of traffic sensors and the Traffic Control Centre it is possible to prevent or activate procedures in case of alert in order to improve safety for the users and for the road workers. The project thus contributes to potentially avoiding about 6 secondary accidents per year.

Impact on Modal Integration This project has got no particular impact in modal integration.

Cost-Benefit Analysis The deployment costs are 2 730 221 €, and the benefits are estimated at 433 574 € per year which means a ROI of less than 7 years.

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4.2.6 MedTIS 2_ITA-24: Installation of ITS systems in tunnels

Evaluation period Evaluation type Deployment KPIs Benefit KPIs

2014 to 2016 Ex-post Incident detection and Change in accident incident management numbers and severity

ITS Deployment status - Description: installation of SOS columns, CCTV, AID, SCADA system, VMS, radio communication, and fire detection systems. - Location: A15 motorway, between Parma and La Spezia cities, North-West of Italy - Deployment period: project started in 2014 and finished in 2015 - Deployment KPI: the project completion rate is 100 %. It covers 70 km of tunnels with Incident detection and incident management systems.

Impact on Traffic Flow The new equipment, installed in A15 tunnels, permits to monitor the traffic flow. The data is directly sent to the Traffic Control Center that can identify, analyze and process it for a better management of traffic flow, dispatching user information through all possible channels and information devices.

Impact on Safety Through the implementation of new CCTV – AID coupled stations in the most of A15 tunnels, it is possible to monitor and cover the whole tunnel length, in terms of incident detection and hazardous situations. With the aid of traffic sensors and the Traffic Control Centre it is possible to prevent or activate procedures in case of alert in order to improve safety for the users and for the road workers. The project thus contributes to potentially avoiding about 4 secondary accidents per year. The new fire detection equipment, based both on image analysis and hardware sensors, although it cannot directly affect the number of incidents, it can greatly speed up the intervention and rescue operations and therefore can make an indirect contribution to reducing the number of incidents. Impact on Environment Thanks to the new equipment, it is possible to monitor the traffic flow and in case of alert, incidents, or queues, to give information to users and reroute vehicles, reducing the emissions and the impact on environment.

Impact on Modal Integration This project has got no particular impact in modal integration.

Cost-Benefit Analysis The deployment costs are 1 359 057 €, and the benefits are estimated at 123 515 € per year, which means a ROI of less than 9 years.

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4.2.7 MedTIS 2_SEO-01: Traffic Management Centre upgrade

Evaluation period Evaluation type Deployment KPIs Benefit KPIs

Eval 1: 2015 to 2018 Ex-post Traffic management and Change in bottleneck traffic control measures congestion; Eval 2: 2016 to 2017 Change in CO2 emissions; Change in accident numbers and severity

ITS Deployment status - Description: installation of new CCTV, VMS, Fleet management units, Communication equipment between ITS road-side equipment and TMC on critical spots This deployment consisted in the implementation of several solutions for a better management of La Roca and Girona toll plaza and their adjacent sections, near Barcelona, in order to minimize waiting time Location: for Evaluation 1: AP-7 motorway, near Barcelona city; and for Evaluation 2: near Girona city , North-East of Spain - Deployment period: project started in 2015 and finished in 2018 - Deployment KPI: the project completion rate is 100 %. It covers 648 km with Incident detection and incident management systems.

 For Evaluation 1, concerning La Roca sector Impact on Traffic Flow That operation system have allowed to improve the user travel times.Thus, that new integrated system has allowed significant congestion volumes reduction. From 2017 to 2018, 10 256 hours have been saved due to that system implementation

Impact on Safety The impact of the project on safety cannot be directly measured, since during the previous year and the year after the installation the accident rate has been the same. However, although no direct improvement has been observed, safety improvement has been produced if we pay attention to the road safety frequency indicator (ISV4, in Spanish), which does not consider only the number of accidents, but also the relationship of these with the AADT on the road. Using ISV, it can be concluded that safety has been improved after system installation. The ISV of the entire toll area is 0.5, a year after installation, compared to 0.6 the year before. If we consider only the traffic sense where the system is installed, the ISV decreases from 0.4 to 0.3 a year after its installation.

푁º 푑푒 푚표푛푡ℎ푙푦 푎푐푐𝑖푑푒푛푡푠 푥 106 4 The ISV is calculated as follows: ISV= 퐴퐴퐷푇∗ 푑푎푦푠

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Impact on Environment By contributing to road congestion reduction, which generates excessive fuel consumption and therefore excessive CO2 and NOx emissions, this system has a direct impact on environment. The deployment contributed to an economy of 14 295 l of fuel and 38,6 Tons of CO2

Cost-Benefit Analysis An analysis of benefits and Costs of the project between 2016 and 2021 (taking into consideration maintenance costs), show a project ROI of less than 3 years.

 For Evaluation 2, concerning Girona sector Impact on Traffic Flow That operation system has allowed to improve the user travel times and thus, contributes to reduce congestion volumes.

These improvements due to the project translate in a reduction of lost hours by 2 707 hours from 2017 to 2018.

Impact on Safety The impact of the project on safety cannot be directly measured, since during the previous year and the year after the installation, there has not been any accident with injuries. However, although no major improvement has been observed, the decrease in material accidents (mainly with the toll barrier) has decreased considerably. In this case, the decrease is 56% since the project started. Furthermore, accident rates could vary significantly depending on external factors. So, it is impossible to compare accidentally between only two years. A mid-term or a long-term analysis is required to determine the real impact on road safety.

Cost-Benefit Analysis An analysis of benefits and Costs of the project show a project ROI of less than 3 years

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4.2.8 MedTIS 2_SEO-05: Traffic patterns automatic detection

Evaluation period Evaluation type Deployment KPIs Benefit KPIs

2016 to 2018 Ex-post Incident detection and Change in accident incident management; numbers and severity

Travel time and traffic conditions information services

ITS Deployment status - Description: deployment of an integrated traffic monitoring system, including waiting time measuring on toll plazas, incident detection in tunnels and mainline traffic monitoring - Location: AP-7 motorway between Fuengirola and Guadairo, South of Spain. - Deployment period: project started in 2016 and finished in 2018 - Deployment KPI: the project completion rate is 100 %. It covers 105 km with Incident detection and incident management systems, and Travel time and traffic conditions information.

Impact on Traffic Flow The operation of the system has had a positive impact on traffic. The queues detection system and the new real-time traffic related information has allowed decreasing traffic jams in the different toll areas of Ausol. This decrease is qualitative and is based on the perception of the operators of the toll areas. This traffic flow improvement cannot be quantified because the previous system did not offer the possibilities of the new OpenITS. Therefore, the evolution of traffic flows cannot be measured and compared, as there has also been a significant increase in AADT in recent years.

Impact on Safety The impact of the project on road safety has been very high.

Impact on Environment The impact of the system on the environment cannot be quantified as there is no pre-installation data on congestion or travel times. However, as queues and travel times have been reduced travel times CO2 and NOx emissions have also been reduced.

Cost-Benefit Analysis An analysis of benefits and Costs of the project between 2016 and 2021 (taking into consideration maintenance costs), and taking into account a conservative estimation of accident and victims numbers show a project ROI of less than 2 years.

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4.2.9 MedTIS 2_POR: all MedTIS 2 deployments

Evaluation period Evaluation type Deployment KPIs Benefit KPIs

2013 to 2017 Ex-post Travel time and traffic Change in bottleneck conditions information congestion; services Change in CO2 emissions; Change in accident numbers and severity

ITS Deployment status - Description: improvement of roadside equipment and of Traffic Control Centre. The evaluation focuses on three regions of the Portuguese MedTIS network, taking into account all deployments in these sections. - Location: Oporto area (58 km), Lisbon area (75 km) and Algarve region (128 km) - Deployment period: project started in 2014 and finished in 2017 - Deployment KPI: the project completion rate is 100 %. It covers 261 km with Travel time and traffic conditions information services

Impact on Traffic Flow A set of equipment installed on the road side of motorways involved in the project, combined with a set of equipment and systems installed in traffic control rooms permits to monitor the traffic flow; analyse and proceed with control measures; process and disseminate traffic information through all possible channels and information devices. These solutions have contributed to reducing lost hours about 33 000

Impact on Safety Through the implementation of new telematics devices it is possible to monitor and cover the whole road sections in Lisbon and Oporto areas and a significant percentage of Algarve region road. The upgrading with new functionnalities of the traffic control centre with an interactive video-wall has enabled full integration of video and data inputs from telematics systems. The development of advanced road assistance services and communications required a transition from radio communication technology to a more evolved solution involving GSM technology. These solutions have contributed to an estimated potential reduction of accidents with injuries of 16 accidents/year.

Impact on Environment With the new equipment and systems, it is possible to monitor the traffic flow and in case of alert, incidents or queues to give information to users and reroute vehicles so reducing the emissions and the impact on environment.

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These solutions have contributed to an estimated potential reduction of CO2 emissions of more than 800 Tons

Impact on Modal Integration This project has got no particular impact in modal integration.

Cost-Benefit Analysis An analysis of benefits and Costs of the project between 2013 and 2017 (taking into consideration maintenance costs), show a project ROI of less than 4 years.

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5 Overall Assessment & Transferability of the Results (European Dimension)

MedTIS 2 Action was designed with a very ambitious programme: an investment of 52.52 M€ in the deployment of ITS solutions to cover more than 8,500 km of motorways going through 4 European Member States (Italy, France, Spain and Portugal), in a very difficult operating context (numerous urban areas, numerous cross border interfaces, etc.)

In this context, the Action seeks to bring following added-value to road operators and drivers: - Improved interoperability, continuity and seamless mobility - Improved harmonization of services - Improved operational excellence and cost-efficiency - Real-time traffic and travel information - Improved road safety The work programme was broken down in 75 individual ITS deployments that were implemented by different road operators in their own network, on existing road sections and without interrupting operations. These individual deployments were classed in two families of services: Traffic Management Services (TMS) and Traveller Information Services (TIS). MedTIS 2 included 61 individual TMS deployments that focused on upgrading: data collection, data transmission, data consolidation, and, on a broader level, incident management and Traffic Management Centres. The solutions implemented covered a wide panel of technologies such as real-time data, Floating Car Data, video monitoring and the development of hardware and software needed to treat and disseminate this information. Amongst the 61 planned individual deployments:  50 projects were delivered as planned;  10 projects were rescheduled and finished after the Action’s end date;  1 project was cancelled. The delivered projects have allowed to cover 13 419 km of Traffic Management Services. The Action has reached its objective of delivering at least 6 600 km of TMS. Likewise, MedTIS 2 included 24 individual deployments addressing TIS. These services included mainly road-user warning (accidents, road works, …) and travel information (travel time, weather conditions, co-modal information). Information is disseminated through various supports: websites, isoradio, mobile phone applications and VMS, and is supported by the upgrade of interconnections between traveller services and Traffic Management Centres. Out of the 24 individual TIS deployments:  17 projects were delivered as planned;  5 projects were rescheduled and finished after the Action’s end date;  2 projects were cancelled. The delivered projects have allowed to cover 5 054 km of Traveller Information Services. The Action has reached its objective of delivering at least 2 340 km of TIS. There are several reasons why individual deployments were delayed or cancelled. There were some technical difficulties, as works needed were more complex than initially planned. But, for the majority

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of these deployments, the problems were related to administrative evolutions and high level priority changes that went beyond the scope of the Action, making it difficult to foresee them. These modifications to the work programme have not affected the final outcome of the project, as it has reached its objectives in terms of kilometres of infrastructure covered with Traffic Management and Traveller Information services. From an end-user point-of-view, the successful deployments have led to an upgrade of the Level of Service throughout the whole MedTIS 2 network. Between 2013 and 2018, motorway sections have been equipped with a higher number of Traveller Information systems (VMS, isoradio, mobile phone apps). Moreover, better monitoring systems upstream of the traffic management chain allow to collect and treat a wider range of real-time information (traffic conditions, warnings, travel time, …) that is then disseminated through the denser network of information supports. Through the implementation of these solutions, MedTIS partners sought to bring mainly three type of benefits:  Reduce congestion at bottlenecks  Reduce CO2 emissions  Reduce accident number and severity They encountered several difficulties to measure all the various impacts of MedTIS 2 Action regarding those benefits: schedule problems, difficulties to isolate the Action’s impact from other external factors and other improvements made to the infrastructure, real data availability and the important number of individual deployments and their synergies. Despite these difficulties, MedTIS 2 partners have managed to evaluate a representative panel of individual deployments and to estimate the impact of the whole Action. The individual evaluations show that ITS solutions deployed have indeed a positive local impact on the chosen indicators. Deployments concerning Traffic condition and Travel time information services and Incident detection and Incident management systems have allowed to reduce lost hours in strategic bottlenecks of MedTIS network. The reduction in lost hours translates in a positive impact on the environment, as a more fluid traffic means a reduction in fuel over-consumption and thus a reduction of CO2 (and NOx) emissions. Furthermore, Incident detection and incident management deployments have proven to have a positive impact on road safety, as they allow to inform drivers of incidents, reducing alert time and thus reducing the number of secondary accidents, especially in sensitive zones such as tunnels or bridges. The deployments chosen for individual evaluations cover different road configurations (cross border sections, inter-urban sections, urban sections, mountain areas with tunnels), and different levels of equipment. It is then normal that impact on benefit KPIs is different from one deployment to another. Regarding impact on congestion and on environment, the benefits can go from a reduction of 1 800 lost hours and 20 Tons of CO2 for a project covering 40 km of motorway, to a reduction of more than 33 000 lost hours and 800 Tons of CO2 for a project covering more than 260 km of motorway. Concerning safety, the benefits can go from 4 accidents potentially avoided over 70 km of motorway, to 16 accidents potentially avoided over 260 km of motorway. When comparing an individual deployment’s costs and benefits, the results can be equally diverse, but all satisfactory: ROI are between 2 and 9 years, but most of them (8/10) are between 2 and 5 years.

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This diversity of positive results measured allows to state that the ITS solutions tested can have positive impact on a large variety of road configurations. As the road configurations considered for this evaluation can be found in most of European Member States, it seems that ITS solutions such as incident information upstream of sensitive sections like tunnels or bridges, can be suitable solutions for European road operators seeking to reduce congestion and/or improve safety on their road network. Finally, at Corridor level, MedTIS beneficiaries have estimated the impact of the Action following the same three indicators: Category MedTIS 2 impact estimation at Corridor level

Reduction on lost hours by roughly Congestion 130 000 hours

The Reduction of CO2 emissions by roughly Environment 1450 Tons of CO2

Safety 55 accidents potentially avoided

It should be noted that this estimation is considered as the minimal expected impact of the project, as the calculation hypothesis do not cover the full perimeter of the Action (however, it covers almost 80% of these actions) and are mostly based on the reduction of the number of secondary accidents, leaving aside primary accidents and other incidents, on which ITS solutions also have a positive impact. Following the previous figures, the impact of the Action at Corridor level is estimated at 9.5 M€, for a total final cost of 43 M€ on deployment activities. This represents a ROI less than 5 years for the whole Action. It should be noted that the estimations made in this evaluation are realistic and pragmatic approaches. On the basis of solid concrete and operational bases, they deliver, from a methodology to the innovative approach, results very close to those in the OECD report: “road safety: impact of new technologies” produced by the OECD working group on safety and technologies. The convergence of these two types of approaches thus reinforces the credibility and value of that evaluation methodology, to be shared with our corridors partners, in order to prepare the future projects and future projects evaluations.

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Annexes

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