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Report of a Level 2 Flora and Vegetation Survey and Level 1 Fauna Survey Along Collie-Lake King Road at Bowelling (SLK 64.5 - 71.0)

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Report of a Level 2 Flora and Vegetation Survey and Level 1 Fauna Survey Along Collie-Lake King Road at Bowelling (SLK 64.5 - 71.0) Report of a Level 2 Flora and Vegetation Survey and Level 1 Fauna Survey along Collie-Lake King Road at Bowelling (SLK 64.5 - 71.0) Prepared for Main Roads Western Australia December 2016 Greg Harewood Zoologist A.B.N. 95 536 627 336 PO Box 755 BUNBURY WA 6231 M: 0402 141 197 PO Box 1180 Bunbury WA 6231 T/F:(08) 9725 0982 9721 1377 | [email protected] E: [email protected] Ecoedge Review release Version Origin Review Issue date date approval & purpose V1 M. Strang R. Smith 02/12/2016 V2 R. Smith M. Strang 06/12/2016 V3 R. Smith M. Strang 07/12/2016 M. Strang to Final R. Lupton M. Strang 03/01/2017 R. Lupton for 16/12/2016 draft (MRWA) review M. Portman M. Portman R. Lupton (prev. Strang), Final (prev. Strang), 16/01/2017 (MRWA) R. Smith, to R. Lupton G. Harewood 2 | Page Executive Summary Ecoedge was engaged by Main Roads Western Australia in August 2016 to undertake a Level 2 Flora and Vegetation Survey and Level 1 Fauna Survey along the Collie-Lake King Road (Coalfields Road) at Bowelling (‘Bowelling curves’). The survey area was 47.8 ha, approximately between SLK 64.5 and 71.0, in the Shire of West Arthur. Main Roads is conducting investigations for the future widening and re-alignment of Collie-Lake King Road. The flora and vegetation survey was carried out by Russell Smith (B.Sc. (Hons), MPhil. – Botanist) during visits to the site on 2, 5 and 28 September and 8 November 2016. The fauna survey was carried out by Greg Harewood (B.Sc. - Zoology) over a period of six days (29 September, 6 October, 6, 7 and 9 November 2014 and 16 November 2016). A total of 278 vascular flora taxa were identified within the 2016 Survey Area and in the 2014 survey area (both of which encompassed the 2016 Project Area) (Ecoedge, 2014)1. Of this total, 32 were introduced species. Two Priority flora were found; Leucopogon subsejunctus (P2) and Synaphea hians (P3). No State or Federally-listed Threatened flora, or other species of conservation significant flora was found within the Project Area. Nine vegetation units were identified within the Survey Area. Two of these consist of areas cleared of native vegetation or “parkland cleared” pasture with stands of Marri and Wandoo and one was an apparently planted Amphibromus nervosus tall grassland. The remaining six vegetation units were derived from a multivariate analysis of floristic data from 100m2 quadrats placed throughout the Survey Area. Of these, two are of conservation significance, viz. Vegetation unit B2 and Vegetation unit C1. Vegetation unit B2 (Melaleuca viminea-Hakea prostrata-Kunzea ciliata tall open shrubland), which is rich in herbaceous species, is associated with the broad, shallow valley of the Collie River East, much of which has been cleared for agriculture. Of the vegetation units identified within the Survey Area, vegetation unit B2 is very likely a restricted “floristic community type”. DPaW has given advice that vegetation unit B2 is potentially an occurrence of the Federally-listed TEC “Claypans of the Swan Coastal Plain”2, which is Critically Endangered. This TEC comprises four separate State-listed TECs and one PEC. Of these, it would most likely be an occurrence of the “Clay pans with shrubs over herbs” PEC, which is included within the Federally-listed TEC and which occurs on the Darling Plateau (DPaW, 2015b). Vegetation Unit C1 (Hakea prostrata-H. varia- M. viminea tall shrubland) is situated on alluvial soil adjacent to the Collie River. Some parts of this vegetation unit have the small tree Melaleuca cuticularis as a component. Areas where M. cuticularis is present are 1 The total area of the 2014 and 2016 surveys was about 81 ha. 2 Mr. A. Webb, DPaW, Bunbury, email 5/12/2016. 3 | Page regarded by DPaW as of relatively high conservation value3. M. cuticularis occurred in the two quadrats placed within this vegetation unit (BOWE14, BOWE17), however both these quadrats are situated just outside the Project Area. M. cuticularis is quite uncommon within the Project Area. A large proportion (49.6%) of the vegetation within the Survey Area was in Very Good or Excellent condition, with the majority (42.6%) of the remainder classed as Completely Degraded. Completely Degraded areas comprised roadways, tracks and pasture with few trees. Some degradation of vegetation has taken place adjacent to the old railway embankment due to the sinking of power or telephone cable(s) many years ago. A total of 53 native fauna species were observed (or positively identified from foraging evidence, scats, tracks, skeletons or calls) within the study area during the day time surveys. The presence of four introduced species was also confirmed. Evidence of two listed threatened fauna species was observed (Carnaby’s black-cockatoo (chewed marri and jarrah fruits) and forest red-tailed black-cockatoo (individuals and chewed marri and jarrah fruits). Several individuals of the listed migratory species, the rainbow bee-eater were also observed foraging onsite. No evidence of any DPaW priority species using the area was found. The assessment identified a total of 584 “habitat trees” within the fauna survey area. The majority (422, ~72.3%) of the trees were not observed to contain hollows of any size. One hundred and sixty two (~27.7%) of the trees contained one or more “small” hollows (less than ~10cm entrance size) considered by the Author not to be suitable for black cockatoos to use for nesting purposes. Nine (~1.5%) trees appeared to contain hollows with larger entrances (greater than ~10cm) that appeared big enough to possibly allow the entry of a black cockatoo into a suitably sized and orientated branch/trunk, although none showed any sign of current or previous use for this purpose. Almost all areas of remnant native vegetation present within the study area can be considered to represent potential black cockatoo foraging habitat as they contain a range of plant species documented as foraging habitat for one or more of the three black cockatoo species, all of which are known to frequent the area. The degree to which any one section of the route would be utilised for foraging purposes would however vary considerably based on species composition and density. Generally, the most dominant and widespread species are marri and jarrah though in some areas other species are also present (e.g. sheoak and banksia). Foraging evidence left by Carnaby’s and the forest red-tailed black-cockatoo was observed during the survey period at several locations and included chewed marri and jarrah fruits. 3 Correspondence from Mr. A. Webb, DPaW, Bunbury, 2/08/2016. 4 | Page With respect to fauna in general, no substantial impacts are anticipated as a consequence of the proposed realignment. In cases where some impact is anticipated, the degree of the impact is only expected to be low and relates to the loss of small areas of habitat, but as most species are common and/or widespread, no overall change in their conservation status is anticipated, despite a possible localised reduction in habitat extent. It is most likely that the clearing required will necessitate the removal of relatively thin, discontinuous sections of vegetation located at various points along the proposed road realignment. Due to the large tracts of intact vegetation in the State Forest surrounding much of the Project Area, any clearing associated with the is not likely to have a significant impact on the function or viability of the nearby regional ecological linkage in regards to flora and vegetation, nor will it fragment any potential fauna habitat to the extent that it would represent a barrier to fauna movement above that already present in the area (i.e. the existing road and network of other tracks and powerline easements). 5 | Page Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................. 3 Acronyms/Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................... 10 Statement of limitations ....................................................................................................................... 12 Reliance on Data ............................................................................................................................... 12 Report for Benefit of Client ............................................................................................................... 12 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 13 1.1 Scope and Objectives ............................................................................................................ 13 1.1.1 Level 2 Flora and Vegetation Survey ............................................................................. 13 1.1.2 Level 1 Fauna Survey ..................................................................................................... 14 1.2 Biogeographic Region, Location and Site Description .......................................................... 14 1.3 Geology ................................................................................................................................. 15 1.4 Regional Ecological Linkages ................................................................................................. 20 1.5 Environmentally Sensitive Areas ........................................................................................... 22 1.6 Flora
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