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Global Peace Index
security Quantifying the state of peace Global Peace Index With a new Global Peace Index countries can be ranked according to their ‘state of peace’. By Joris Voorhoeve Indicators of peace hat can be counted does not count, and what counts W cannot be counted’. Does this bon mot, attributed to Violent conflict Albert Einstein, also apply to what counts above all – peace? 1 Number of external and internal violent conflicts in 000–0 In May 2007 a group of committed individuals launched a Number of deaths from organized external conflict new website, Vision of Humanity, as the reference point for the Number of deaths from organized internal conflict Global Peace Index (GPi), which is intended to highlight the Level of organized internal conflict relationship between global peace and sustainability.1 The GPi Relations with neighbouring countries. was developed by an international team of experts brought together at the initiative of Australian entrepreneur and Societal security philanthropist Steve Killelea, and drawn up by analysts from the Level of distrust in other citizens Economist Intelligence Unit. 7 Displaced persons as percentage of the population The GPi attempts to measure the ‘state of peace’ within and Political instability among 121 nations, based on 24 indicators in three areas: aspects Level of respect for human rights (political terror scale) of violent conflict, elements of societal security, and measures of 10 Potential for terrorist acts militarization (see box). From these, two weighted indices are 11 Homicides per 100,000 people calculated to provide measures of the extent to which each 1 Other violent crime statistics country is at peace internally and with other countries. -
Opmaak Both/Definitief 02-08-2000 15:13 Pagina 1
* From Indifference to 19-12-2003 17:26 Pagina 1 NORBERT BOTH NORBERT NORBERT BOTH Fr om Indifference to Entrapment to om Indifference The Yugoslav crisis represents a formidable foreign policy challenge to many Western and Islamic government bureaucracies. From Indifference to Entrapment deals with the question of how the Netherlands faced up to this challenge during the years 1990-1995. It was during this period that the crisis erupted into armed conflict and the single worst war crime in Europe since the end of World War II took place in the ‘safe area’ of Srebrenica. The role of the Netherlands is particularly interesting, as the country held the EC/EU Presidency during the recognition debate in 1991 and supplied the peacekeeping presence in Srebrenica. The questions addressed in this book include: Did early warning work? What role did the Dutch Presidency (July-December 1991) play in the recognition debate? What motiv- ated the Dutch opposition to the Vance-Owen Peace Plan? Why did the Netherlands become From Indifference entrapped, as symbolised through its isolated peacekeeping commitment to Srebrenica? Finally, what can this story tell us about the ability of small and medium powers to in- fluence international affairs? This study is based on interviews with key players, including former Cabinet Minis- ters, and on documents from the Netherlands Ministry to Entrapment of Foreign Affairs, made available under the Dutch ‘freedom of information act’. ISBN 90-5356-453-5 Dr. Norbert Both, formerly a research assistant The Netherlands for David Owen, now works at the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs. -
Emporio Trump Sufre Derrota Judicial En Panamá
EL MNoticias locales,UNDO nacionales e internacionales 08 de marzo de 2018 www.elmundousa.com Año 30, Número 01 Opinión Emporio Trump sufre derrota 52 ediciones cada judicial en Panamá año, desde 1989 Por Gustavo Montoya Incertidumbre y temor no se alejan de los Dreamers Por Maribel Hastings Legisladores, vergüenza nacional Foto EFE PANAMÁ (Agencias)— El Los nuevos propietarios de la torre La ardua batalla entre la presuntas malas prácticas proyecto para administrar la torre Foto EFE conglomerado empresarial del Trump, una imponente estructura Organización Trump e Ithaca financieras, pero el conglomerado hasta al menos 2031. presidente Donald Trump, sufrió con forma de vela invertida que comenzó el año pasado, impugnó el despido en un La retirada del nombre “Trump” una derrota judicial en Panamá alberga un lujoso hotel y cerca cuando el fondo de inversión tribunal de Nueva York, que del rótulo escenifica el desenlace y se vio obligado a abandonar de 300 apartamentos, explicaron adquirió el complejo y decidió sigue dirimiendo el caso. de una disputa comercial, que en un lujoso hotel de la capital que la comitiva judicial acudió despedir al emporio del Según la prensa estadounidense, las últimas semanas ha adquirido panameña que administraba al edificio para notificar a los mandatario estadounidense de la la Organización Trump, que tintes un tanto esperpénticos y desde 2011 tras meses de disputas empleados de Trump que tenían administración del mismo. nunca ha sido dueña del edificio, que ha acaparado la atención de Por comerciales con los nuevos que irse y abandonar la gestión Ithaca prescindió de la firmó hace una década un medios de comunicación de todo dueños del edificio. -
The Hostage Through the Ages
Volume 87 Number 857 March 2005 A haunting figure: The hostage through the ages Irène Herrmann and Daniel Palmieri* Dr Irène Herrmann is Lecturer at the University of Geneva; she is a specialist in Swiss and in Russian history. Daniel Palmieri is Historical Research Officer at the International Committee of the Red Cross; his work deals with ICRC history and history of conflicts. Abstract: Despite the recurrence of hostage-taking through the ages, the subject of hostages themselves has thus far received little analysis. Classically, there are two distinct types of hostages: voluntary hostages, as was common practice during the Ancien Régime of pre-Revolution France, when high-ranking individuals handed themselves over to benevolent jailers as guarantors for the proper execution of treaties; and involuntary hostages, whose seizure is a typical procedure in all-out war where individuals are held indiscriminately and without consideration, like living pawns, to gain a decisive military upper hand. Today the status of “hostage” is a combination of both categories taken to extremes. Though chosen for pecuniary, symbolic or political reasons, hostages are generally mistreated. They are in fact both the reflection and the favoured instrument of a major moral dichotomy: that of the increasing globalization of European and American principles and the resultant opposition to it — an opposition that plays precisely on the western adherence to human and democratic values. In the eyes of his countrymen, the hostage thus becomes the very personification of the innocent victim, a troubling and haunting image. : : : : : : : In the annals of the victims of war, hostages occupy a special place. -
A Strategy for Success in Libya
A Strategy for Success in Libya Emily Estelle NOVEMBER 2017 A Strategy for Success in Libya Emily Estelle NOVEMBER 2017 AMERICAN ENTERPRISE INSTITUTE © 2017 by the American Enterprise Institute. All rights reserved. The American Enterprise Institute (AEI) is a nonpartisan, nonprofit, 501(c)(3) educational organization and does not take institutional positions on any issues. The views expressed here are those of the author(s). Contents Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................1 Why the US Must Act in Libya Now ............................................................................................................................1 Wrong Problem, Wrong Strategy ............................................................................................................................... 2 What to Do ........................................................................................................................................................................ 2 Reframing US Policy in Libya .................................................................................................. 5 America’s Opportunity in Libya ................................................................................................................................. 6 The US Approach in Libya ............................................................................................................................................ 6 The Current Situation -
Islam - Washington's New Dilemma :: Middle East Quarterly
Islam - Washington's New Dilemma :: Middle East Quarterly http://www.meforum.org/289/islam-washingtons-new-dilemma Islam - Washington's New Dilemma by Benjamin Gordon Middle East Quarterly March 1996, pp. 43-52 http://www.meforum.org/289/islam-washingtons-new-dilemma Benjamin Gordon is a consultant at Corporate Decisions, Inc., Boston, and a recent graduate of Yale College. Does the U.S. government have a coherent policy toward fundamentalist Islam? Fundamentalists themselves are convinced not only that Washington has a policy but that it is a consistent and aggressive one. Iran's former ambassador to the United Nations, Said Raja'i Khourasani, asserts that the American position "has not changed" over the years: "The language is always the same -- it is threatened or it is threatening."1 On the other side, scholars and diplomats tend to see incoherence in policy toward fundamentalists as they do about foreign policy in general. Richard Haass speaks for many when he holds that "public statements by administration officials about the purposes of U.S. foreign policy have been inconsistent or simply ambiguous.2 In fact, neither side is entirely correct. While there has been a coherent policy, it has changed over time. Since 1979, when Iranian fundamentalist Muslims overthrew Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi and stormed the U.S. embassy in Tehran, Washington has undergone a series of subtle shifts in its policy toward fundamentalist Islam. From Presidents Reagan to Bush to Clinton, the U.S. government has migrated from rhetorical confrontation to timid outreach to outright accommodation. The following analysis focuses on official U.S. -
No Foreign Dissem S-E-C-R-E-T No Foreign Dissem Japan
S-E-C-R-E-T NO FOREIGN DISSEM JAPAN Yoshio KODAMA Rightist Leader Yoshio Kodama, notorious since the 1920s for his connections with right-wing and underworld groups, is widely reported to have high-level con- nections within the Liberal-Democratic Party (LDP) and has been described by many sources as a power- ful figure in behind-the-scenes political maneu- vering and one of the real "strong men" of present- day Japan. He has been reported for some years to be closely associated with Ichiro Kono, a leading contender for the LDP presidency and resultant prim ministership, and with BaMboku Ono, LDP Vice Presi- ( I 9510 dent, both of whom are themselves in possession of somewhat unsavory reputations. In February 1963 Kodama figured in rumors of scandals in the negotiations to normalize relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea (ROK). These rumors concerned the acceptance of large sums of money and participation in irregular business transactions on the part of LDP leaders, particularly Ono, in return for their efforts to promote successful conclusion of the talks. The nature of Kodamas involvement in the Japan-ROK negotiations has not been detailed, but according to several sources, he is close to former ROK intelligence chief Kim Chong- pil and has been an important channel from Kim to the LDP and the Jap- anese government. A Japanese newspaper correspondent has alleged that Kodama was responsible for arranging Onos December 1962 trip to Korea and had persuaded Ono and Kono to go along with the Japan-ROK agreement. Kodama was born on 18 February 1911 in FUkushima prefecture to a family considered of the samurai rank. -
HISTORIC DISTRICT ASSESSMENT REPORT 1200 BLOCK 11Th STREET SANTA MONICA, CALIFORNIA
HISTORIC DISTRICT ASSESSMENT REPORT 1200 BLOCK 11th STREET SANTA MONICA, CALIFORNIA Prepared for: City of Santa Monica, City Planning Division 1685 Main Street, Room 212 Santa Monica, CA 90401 Prepared by: Jan Ostashay Principal Ostashay & Associates Consulting PO BOX 542 November 2018 Long Beach, CA 90801 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK HISTORIC DISTRICT ASSESSMENT REPORT 1200 Block 11th Street Santa Monica, California INTRODUCTION At the request of the City of Santa Monica’s Planning and Community Development Department, Ostashay & Associates Consulting (OAC) has prepared this historic district assessment to determine if a potential historic district exists along the 1200 block of 11th Street based on the historic district application submitted to the City in June 2018 by the Santa Monica Mid City Neighbors (the applicant). The applicant’s proposed historic district is located within the Town of Santa Monica tract. It contains older single-family housing stock dating back to 1905 as well as multi-story apartment houses and contemporary condominiums. OAC evaluated the block and the grouping of properties identified in the applicants report (dated April 2017, Update May 2018) to determine whether it appears to satisfy one or more of the statutory criteria associated with City of Santa Monica Historic District eligibility, pursuant to Chapter 9.56 (Landmarks and Historic Districts Ordinance) of the Santa Monica Municipal Code. Completion of this assessment involved a site visit and documentation of potential resources within the district study area; the collection and review of building permits obtained from the City’s Planning and Community Development; archival research conducted at the Santa Monica Public Library, Los Angeles Public Library, and other relevant repositories; a review of prior survey work of the area; development of applicable historic contexts and themes; and consideration of eligibility under Santa Monica Historic District criteria. -
DA Spring 03
DangerousAssignments covering the global press freedom struggle Spring | Summer 2003 www.cpj.org Covering the Iraq War Kidnappings in Colombia Committee to·Protect Cannibalizing the Press in Haiti Journalists CONTENTS Dangerous Assignments Spring|Summer 2003 Committee to Protect Journalists FROM THE EDITOR By Susan Ellingwood Executive Director: Ann Cooper History in the making. 2 Deputy Director: Joel Simon IN FOCUS By Amanda Watson-Boles Dangerous Assignments Cameraman Nazih Darwazeh was busy filming in the West Bank. Editor: Susan Ellingwood Minutes later, he was dead. What happened? . 3 Deputy Editor: Amanda Watson-Boles Designer: Virginia Anstett AS IT HAPPENED By Amanda Watson-Boles Printer: Photo Arts Limited A prescient Chinese free-lancer disappears • Bolivian journalists are Committee to Protect Journalists attacked during riots • CPJ appeals to Rumsfeld • Serbia hamstrings Board of Directors the media after a national tragedy. 4 Honorary Co-Chairmen: CPJ REMEMBERS Walter Cronkite Our fallen colleagues in Iraq. 6 Terry Anderson Chairman: David Laventhol COVERING THE IRAQ WAR 8 Franz Allina, Peter Arnett, Tom Why I’m Still Alive By Rob Collier Brokaw, Geraldine Fabrikant, Josh A San Francisco Chronicle reporter recounts his days and nights Friedman, Anne Garrels, James C. covering the war in Baghdad. Goodale, Cheryl Gould, Karen Elliott House, Charlayne Hunter- Was I Manipulated? By Alex Quade Gault, Alberto Ibargüen, Gwen Ifill, Walter Isaacson, Steven L. Isenberg, An embedded CNN reporter reveals who pulled the strings behind Jane Kramer, Anthony Lewis, her camera. David Marash, Kati Marton, Michael Massing, Victor Navasky, Frank del Why I Wasn’t Embedded By Mike Kirsch Olmo, Burl Osborne, Charles A CBS correspondent explains why he chose to go it alone. -
Kidnapping Is Booming Business
Colophon Published by IKV Pax Christi, July 2008 Also printed in Dutch and Spanish Address P.O. Box 19318 3501 DH UTRECHT The Netherlands www.ikvpaxchristi.nl [email protected] Circulation 300 copies Text IKV Pax Christi Marianne Moor Simone Remijnse With the cooperation of: Fundación País Libre, Ms. Olga Lucía Gómez Fundación País Libre, Ms. Claudia M. Llano Rodrigo Rojas Orozco Mauricio Silva Peer van Doormalen Paul Wolters Bart Weerdenburg Sarah Lachman Annemieke van Breukelen Carolien Groeneveld ISBN 978-90-70443-41-2 Design & Print Van der Weij BV Netherlands Contents Introduction 3 1 Growth on all fronts: kidnapping in a global context 5 1.1.. A study of kidnapping worldwidel 5 1.2. Kidnapping in the 21st century; risers and fallers 5 1.3. A tried and tested weapon in the struggle 7 1.4. A profitable sideline that delivers fast 7 1.5. The middle classes protest 8 1.6. The heavy hand used selectively 8 2. Kidnapping in the regions 11 2.1. Africa 11 2.1.1. Nigeria 12 2.2. Asia 12 2.3. The Middle East 15 2.3.1. Iraq 15 2.4. Latin America 16 2.4.1. A wave of kidnapping in the major cities 17 2.4.2. Central America: maras and criminal gangs 18 2.4.3. The Colombianization of Mexico and Trinidad &Tobago 18 2.4.4. Kidnapping and the Colombian conflict 20 3. The regionalization of a Colombian practice: 25 kidnapping in Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela 3.1. The kidnapping problem: 1995 – 2001 25 3.2. -
Iraq: U.S. Regime Change Efforts and Post-Saddam Governance
Order Code RL31339 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Iraq: U.S. Regime Change Efforts and Post-Saddam Governance Updated May 16, 2005 Kenneth Katzman Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress Iraq: U.S. Regime Change Efforts and Post-Saddam Governance Summary Operation Iraqi Freedom accomplished a long-standing U.S. objective, the overthrow of Saddam Hussein, but replacing his regime with a stable, moderate, democratic political structure has been complicated by a persistent Sunni Arab-led insurgency. The Bush Administration asserts that establishing democracy in Iraq will catalyze the promotion of democracy throughout the Middle East. The desired outcome would also likely prevent Iraq from becoming a sanctuary for terrorists, a key recommendation of the 9/11 Commission report. The Bush Administration asserts that U.S. policy in Iraq is now showing substantial success, demonstrated by January 30, 2005 elections that chose a National Assembly, and progress in building Iraq’s various security forces. The Administration says it expects that the current transition roadmap — including votes on a permanent constitution by October 31, 2005 and for a permanent government by December 15, 2005 — are being implemented. Others believe the insurgency is widespread, as shown by its recent attacks, and that the Iraqi government could not stand on its own were U.S. and allied international forces to withdraw from Iraq. Some U.S. commanders and senior intelligence officials say that some Islamic militants have entered Iraq since Saddam Hussein fell, to fight what they see as a new “jihad” (Islamic war) against the United States. -
The 2016 U.S. Election
April 2017, Volume 28, Number 2 $14.00 The 2016 U.S. Election William Galston John Sides, Michael Tesler, and Lynn Vavreck James Ceaser Nathaniel Persily Charles Stewart III The Modernization Trap Jack Snyder The Freedom House Survey for 2016 Arch Puddington and Tyler Roylance Sheriff Kora and Momodou Darboe on the Gambia Thomas Pepinsky on Southeast Asia Nic Cheeseman, Gabrielle Lynch, and Justin Willis on Ghana’s Elections Kai M. Thaler on Nicaragua Sean Yom on Jordan and Morocco The End of the Postnational Illusion Ghia Nodia The 2016 U.S. Election Longtime readers will be aware that this is the first time the Journal of Democracy has ever devoted a set of articles to the situation of democracy in the United States. Our traditional focus has been on the problems and prospects of democracy in developing and postcommunist countries. In the introduction to the group of essays in our October 2016 issue entitled “The Specter Haunting Europe,” we explained why we felt we had to redirect some of our attention to the growing vulnerability of democracy in the West, and promised that we would not refrain from examining the United States as well. This is an especially delicate task for us because our parent organization, the National Endowment for Democracy, is a reso- lutely bipartisan institution that seeks to steer clear of the controversies of U.S. domestic politics. We hope we have succeeded in avoiding the pitfalls of partisanship; but in an era when the trends that are weakening liberal democracy are increasingly global, an editorial version of “Ameri- can isolationism” no longer seemed a defensible policy.