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Analysis of Charles Ives's "Three-Page Sonata for Piano"

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Analysis of Charles Ives's INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality o f the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. I f it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because o f movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. For blurred pages, a good image of the page can be found in the adjacent frame. I f copyrighted materials were deleted, a target note will appear listing the pages in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photographed, a definite method o f “sectioning” the material has been followed. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand comer o f a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. I f necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. For illustrations that cannot be satisfactorily reproduced by xerographic means, photographic prints can be purchased at additional cost and inserted into your xerographic copy. These prints are available upon request from the Dissertations Customer Services Department. 5. Some pages in any document may have indistinct print. In all cases the best available copy has been filmed. University MoxSilms International 300 N. Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with with permissionpermission ofof thethe copyright owner.owner. FurtherFurther reproduction reproduction prohibited prohibited without without permission. permission. 1325395 Shelton, Gregory Allard AN ANALYSIS OF CHARLES IVES’S "THREE-PAGE SONATA FOR PIANO" The American University M.A. 1985 University Microfilms International 300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 Copyright 1985 by Shelton, Gregory Allard All Rights Reserved Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with with permissionpermission ofof thethe copyright owner.owner. FurtherFurther reproduction reproduction prohibited prohibited without without permission. permission. PLEASE NOTE: in all cases this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the available copy. Problems encountered with this document have been identified here with a check mark V . 1. Glossy photographs or pages_____ 2. Colored illustrations, paper or print______ 3. Photographs with dark background____ 4. Illustrations are poor copy ______ 5. Pages with black marks, not original copy _____ 6. Print shows through as there is text on both sides of page_______ 7. Indistinct, broken or small print on several pages 8. Print exceeds margin requirements ______ 9. Tightly bound copy with print lost in spine _______ 10. Computer printout pages with indistinct print______ 11. Page(s)___________lacking when material received, and not available from school or author. 12. Page(s)___________seem to be missing in numbering only as text follows. 13. Two pages numbered . Text follows. 14. Curling and wrinkled pages______ 15. Dissertation contains pages with print at a slant, filmed as received_________ 16. Other_________ ______________ ________________ ___________ University Microfilms Internationa! Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with with permissionpermission ofof thethe copyright owner.owner. FurtherFurther reproduction reproduction prohibited prohibited without without permission. permission. AN ANALYSIS OF CHARLES IVES'S THREE-PAGE SONATA FOR PIANO by Gregory Allard Shelton Submitted to the Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences in Partial Fulfillm ent of The Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Music Signatures of Committee: Chairman: Dean of the College 1985 The American University Washington, D.C. 20016 M fEE AHEKICiLN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. @ COPYRIGHT BY GREGORY ALLARD SHELTON 1985 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. AN ANALYSIS OF CHARLES IVES'S THREE-PAGE SONATA FOR PIANO BY Gregory Allard Shelton ABSTRACT This thesis is an analysis of the Three-Page Sonata For Piano by Charles Ives. It involves an examination of the original Ives manuscripts, the two published editions, and the corrected version of the Henry Cowell edition, included in Mary Joyce's 1970 Ph.D. dissertation. The formal structures, serial techniques, melodic construction, source quotations, and the harmonic procedures employed by Ives in the Three-Page Sonata are examined here. It also includes a copy of the 1949 premiere concert-program and two reviews, commentary and selected reviews of the published editions, and an annotated discography of recorded performances. ii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... ii LIST OF MUSICAL EXAMPLES ..................................................................... ix LIST OF TABLES................................................................................................. xix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................... xx Chapter I. THE HISTORICAL SETTING OF THE THREE-PAGE SONATA I The Political-Economic Background ............................................ I Various Activities of the Composer............................................ 4 The Vacation at Saranac Lake.................... ................................... 5 The Three-Page Sonata: Conception and Com position......... 5 Ives: Influences and Contem poraries.......................................... 8 Conclusion ........................................................................................... 9 II. THE THREE-PAGE SONATA BY CHARLES IVES: SCORE REALIZATION ..................................................................... 10 The Ives Music Manuscripts: An Introduction .................. 10 Problematic Notation in the Music of Charles Ives ................ 12 The Three-Page Sonata: The Composer's Appended C om m ents...................................................................................... 14 Contrasting Realizations of the Three-Page Sonata Manuscript ...................................................................................... 17 The Henry Cowell Corrected Version .......................................... 17 Ives's Problematic Notation: Musical Examples from the Three-Page Sonata................................................... 18 The Composer's Manuscript Revisions: An Introduction ................................................................ 24 The Three-Page Sonata: Manuscript Revisions; Musical Examples ......................................................................... 25 Problems Within Ives's Revisions: Musical Examples ........................................................................ , 28 Ives's Use of Creative Repeat Signs.......................................... 32 Measure-Relationships Between the Cowell and Kirkpatrick E d itio n s ........................................................... 32 Conflicts Between the Two Published Editions: Musical Examples ........................................................................ 35 Unreadable, Crossed-Out Ives Musical Experiments . 42 The Henry Cowell Edition: A General Observation............... 42 iii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. An Unclear Octave Designation ................................................................. 43 Charles Ives's Use of the Wedge-Figure .......................................45 Conflict Over the Original Manuscript Version .....................................46 The Kirkpatrick Edition Editorial Arrangement................................. 47 Notes that were Unwritten but Intended by Ives, According to John K irk p a tric k ...............................................................48 An Unintended Octave, Added by Henry C ow ell ................................ 49 Ives's Use of Key Signatures in the Three-Page Sonata.................................................................................. 50 Another Example of Ives's Vague. N o tatio n.......................................... 51 Mary Joyce: A Measure-Reconstruction by a Parallel Phrase Comparison........................................................ 52 A Restored Ives Interpretive Marking.................................................... 54 A Defense for Ives's B a rrin g....................................................................
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