PROFILE of COSMOLOGIST, PAUL DAVIES Peter Spinks

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PROFILE OF COSMOLOGIST, PAUL DAVIES Peter Spinks Scientist extraordinaire Paul Davies might well be dubbed Mr Cosmos. Few big questions have escaped his piercing gaze and his renowed worldwide as a theoretical physicist, cosmologist, astrobiologist, author and broadcaster. Having once lived and worked in Australia, first Adelaide and later in Sydney, he now works as a College Professor at Arizona State University in the United States, where he has set up a research institute to investigate fundamental concepts in science. Professor Davies previously held academic appointments in the UK, at the Universities of Cambridge, London and Newcastle upon Tyne. His research has ranged from the origin of the universe to the origin of life, and includes the properties of black holes, the nature of time and quantum field theory. In addition to his research, Professor Davies is known a passionate science communicator. He gives numerous public lectures each year throughout the world and has written twenty-seven books, both popular and specialist works, which have been translated into many languages. He writes regularly for newspapers, journals and magazines in several countries and has often been interviewed for The Age by Peter Spinks. Among Davies' better-known media productions were a series of 45-minute BBC Radio 3 science documentaries. Two of these became successful books and one, Desperately Seeking Superstrings, won the Glaxo Science Writers Fellowship. In early 2000 he devised and presented a three-part series for BBC Radio 4 on the origin of life, entitled The Genesis Factor. His television projects include two six-part Australian series The Big Questions and More Big Questions and a 2003 BBC documentary about his work in astrobiology entitled The Cradle of Life. Paul Davies has won many awards, including the 1995 Templeton Prize for his work on the deeper implications of science; the 2001 Kelvin Medal from the UK Institute of Physics and the 2002 Michael Faraday Prize from the Royal Society for promoting science to the public. He now appears on The Age online..

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And Abiogenesis
Historical Development of the Distinction between Bio- and Abiogenesis. Robert B. Sheldon NASA/MSFC/NSSTC, 320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL, USA ABSTRACT Early greek philosophers laid the philosophical foundations of the distinction between bio and abiogenesis, when they debated organic and non-organic explanations for natural phenomena. Plato and Aristotle gave organic, or purpose-driven explanations for physical phenomena, whereas the materialist school of Democritus and Epicurus gave non-organic, or materialist explanations. These competing schools have alternated in popularity through history, with the present era dominated by epicurean schools of thought. Present controversies concerning evidence for exobiology and biogenesis have many aspects which reﬂect this millennial debate. Therefore this paper traces a selected history of this debate with some modern, 20th century developments due to quantum mechanics. It ¯nishes with an application of quantum information theory to several exobiology debates. Keywords: Biogenesis, Abiogenesis, Aristotle, Epicurus, Materialism, Information Theory 1. INTRODUCTION & ANCIENT HISTORY 1.1. Plato and Aristotle Both Plato and Aristotle believed that purpose was an essential ingredient in any scienti¯c explanation, or teleology in philosophical nomenclature. Therefore all explanations, said Aristotle, answer four basic questions: what is it made of, what does it represent, who made it, and why was it made, which have the nomenclature material, formal, e±cient and ¯nal causes.1 This aristotelean framework shaped the terms of the scienti¯c enquiry, invisibly directing greek science for over 500 years. For example, \organic" or \¯nal" causes were often deemed su±cient to explain natural phenomena, so that a rock fell when released from rest because it \desired" its own kind, the earth, over unlike elements such as air, water or ¯re.
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