Disseny D'un Model De Salvaguarda Dedicat a La Festa De Les Falles

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Disseny D'un Model De Salvaguarda Dedicat a La Festa De Les Falles UNIVERSITAT DE LLEIDA Disseny d’un model de Salvaguarda dedicat a la festa de les Falles, Haros i Brandons Patrimoni Cultural Immaterial de la UNESCO Laia Giralt i Morell Màster en Psicopedagogia 1 “Mi fórmula para vivir es bastante simple. Me levanto por la mañana, me voy a la cama en la noche y en medio, doy lo mejor de mi mismo” – Gary Grant – 2 Agraïments M’agradaria començar aquest apartat d’agraïments donant les gràcies als meus pares, unes gràcies infinites per la seva paciència i suport incondicional que m’han ajudat a mantenir la calma i a seguir endavant amb aquesta investigació. També gràcies a la resta de la meva família, per recolzar-me constantment i ajudar-me en tot el que tinguessin a l’abast. A les meves amigues per saber distreure’m en els moments de més col·lapse i saturació i saber treure el millor de mi sempre. Finalment, agraeixo a la Dra. Sofia Isus, al Marc Ballesté i a la resta de l’equip tant del projecte, com del grup de recerca COMPETECS, perquè sense la seva ajuda, els seus consells i la seva col·laboració, aquest treball no hagués estat possible. 3 Resum del treball de final de màster AUTORA Laia Giralt i Morell TÍTOL DEL TREBALL Disseny d’un model de Salvaguarda (català, castellà i anglès) Diseño de un modelo de Salvaguarda Design of a Safeguard model PARAULES CLAU (català, castellà i anglès) Model salvaguarda, Falles, Haros, Brandons, UNESCO, bones pràctiques, patrimoni immaterial, festa, foc, estiu Modelo salvaguarda, Fallas, Haros, Brandons, UNESCO, buenas prácticas, patrimonio immaterial, fiesta, fuego, verano Safeguard model, Falles, Haros, Brandons, UNESCO, best practices, immaterial heritage, festivity, fire, summer RESUM (100-150 paraules, català, castellà i anglès) El treball consta d’una proposta de model de salvaguarda per a les Falles, Haros i Brandons a partir una recerca bibliogràfica de models de bones pràctiques que realitzen altres països i que estan reconeguts per la UNESCO. Aleshores s’han analitzat les accions i mesures que realitzen aquestes bones pràctiques a partir d’unes categoritzacions pròpies, per tal de crear el nostre model per a les Falles i extrapolable a qualsevol festa. Aquest model és una primera proposta, ja que encara ha de ser avaluat per una comissió de jutges experts en el tema de les falles com en els aspectes jurídics i ètics. El trabajo consta de una propuesta de modelo de salvaguarda para las Fallas, Haros y Brandons a partir de una investigación bibliográfica de modelos de buenas prácticas que realizan otros países y que han sido reconocidos por la UNESCO. Para ello, se han analizado las acciones y medidas que realizan estas buenas prácticas a partir de unas categorizaciones propias, a fin de crear nuestro modelo para las Fallas i extrapolable a cualquier fiesta. Este modelo es una primera propuesta ya que aún debe ser evaluado por una comisión de expertos en el tema de las Fallas como en los aspectos jurídicos i éticos i otros especialistas. The work consists of a proposal of model of safeguard for the Falles, Haros and Brandons based on a bibliographical investigation of models of best practices that are carried out by other countries and that have been recognized by the UNESCO. In order to create our model for the Falles suitable to any other festival of fire, we have analyzed the actions and measures that carry out these best practices according to our own categorizations,. This model is a first proposal as it still has to be evaluated by a committee of experts on the Falles as in the legal and ethical aspects. TUTORA Sofia Isus Barado DATA D’ENTREGA 09.06.2017 DATA DE PRESENTACIÓ 14.06.2017 4 Índex Agraïments .................................................................................................................................... 3 Resum del treball de final de màster ............................................................................................ 4 Índex .............................................................................................................................................. 5 1. Introducció ............................................................................................................................ 6 2. Marc teòric ............................................................................................................................ 8 2.1. Patrimoni ....................................................................................................................... 8 2.2. Patrimoni cultural i patrimoni cultural immaterial/intangible ..................................... 9 2.3. El patrimoni cultural immaterial a Catalunya ............................................................. 10 2.4. Llistes de patrimoni cultural immaterial ..................................................................... 12 2.5. Model de salvaguarda ................................................................................................. 15 3. Metodologia ........................................................................................................................ 17 3.1. Objectius ..................................................................................................................... 17 3.2. Disseny ........................................................................................................................ 17 3.3. Procediment ................................................................................................................ 18 4. Estat de l’art: anàlisi de les bones pràctiques de salvaguarda reconegudes per la UNESCO 19 5. Proposta model de salvaguarda del Patrimoni Immaterial ................................................ 38 6. Validació del model de salvaguarda .................................................................................... 42 7. Conclusions ......................................................................................................................... 44 8. Bibliografia .......................................................................................................................... 45 9. Annexes ............................................................................................................................... 46 Annex 1 .................................................................................................................................... 46 Annex 2 .................................................................................................................................... 60 Annex 3 .................................................................................................................................... 62 5 1. Introducció Les festes del foc del solstici d’estiu als Pirineus va ser declarada Patrimoni Cultural Immaterial de la Humanitat per la UNESCO després d’un llarg procés de preparació per a la candidatura que va començar l’any 2007, però no va ser fins al 2015 que es va declarar com a Patrimoni. Exactament, es troba en la Llista Representativa del Patrimoni Cultural Immaterial de la Humanitat on s’inclouen en la candidatura 63 pobles fallaires de tres països; Andorra, França i Espanya. Pocs mesos després, el juliol del 2016 es va iniciar la càtedra de patrimoni immaterial sent la festa de les falles la línia d’acció principal. Aleshores, la idea d’aquesta investigació, la de dissenyar un model de salvaguarda ha sorgit precisament de la proclamació de la festivitat com a Patrimoni Immaterial atès que és necessari, i la convenció per la salvaguarda dóna un seguit de recomanacions, exigències i uns principis ètics als Estats que tenen declarat algun Patrimoni Immaterial però en cap cas concreta com dur a terme la salvaguarda. Aquest fet pot arribar a ser comprensible degut a l’extensió tan gran que comprèn el Patrimoni Intangible i a les diferències entre tots els que hi ha avui en dia declarats per la UNESCO. A part d’aquesta falta de concreció, aquesta investigació és totalment necessària, ja que es necessita un model que preservi el patrimoni i generi turisme sostenible i no depredador per tal que la festivitat es mantingui. A més, hi ha alguns elements que evidencien la necessitat d’un model de salvaguarda com podrien ser la incorporació de nous pobles en la candidatura, ja que han recuperat o introduït la festa de les falles, gestionar de la manera més correcta possible l’afluència important de turisme que pateixen alguns pobles i generar un bon informe de salvaguarda que s’ha de presentar cada sis anys al Comitè Intergovernamental que decidirà si la festa continua en la llista de Patrimoni Immaterial o no. El treball de final de màster ha estat coordinat per la doctora Sofia Isus, i com ja hem esmentat, té com a objectiu dissenyar una proposta de model de salvaguarda a partir de l’anàlisi de bones pràctiques d’altres països atorgades per la UNESCO. El qual pretén oferir una sèrie de mesures i accions perquè la festa de les falles, haros i brandons es preservi i es mantingui aconseguint que no es perverteixi la festa i oferint una sostenibilitat eficaç i eficient. Amb aquest model també es pretén millorar i assentar les bases de la societat fallaire a partir d’una sèrie de mitjans i codis ètics que també permetran i facilitaran aquesta salvaguarda. Al llarg del treball es trobarà un primer apartat de marc teòric on es pretén emmarcar el nostre treball sobre unes bases bibliogràfiques per tal de donar més pes i credibilitat a allò que estem investigant. S’introduiran els conceptes de patrimoni i patrimoni immaterial, es concretarà més explicant el patrimoni
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