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Post-Privatised Shop Steward Organisation and Union Renewal at Girobank Tony Dundon

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Post-Privatised Shop Steward Organisation and Union Renewal at Girobank Tony Dundon Provided by the author(s) and NUI Galway in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite the published version when available. Title Post-privatised shop steward organisation and union renewal Author(s) Dundon, Tony Publication Date 1998 Publication T. Dundon, 1998, Post-Privatised Shop Steward Organisation Information and Union Renewal at Girobank, Industrial Relations Journal, Vol. 29 (2), pp 126-136 Publisher Industrial Relations Journal Item record http://hdl.handle.net/10379/2080 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2338.00085 Downloaded 2021-09-30T01:14:08Z Some rights reserved. For more information, please see the item record link above. Industrial Relations Journal 29(2): pp.126-136 [DOI: 10.1111/1468-2338.00085]. Post-privatised shop steward organisation and union renewal at Girobank Tony Dundon Abstract Using an ethnographic case study approach this article provides empirical evidence concerning the response of local union stewards to managerial-led change during and after the process of privatisation. Evidence supports the workplace union renewal thesis. It is suggested that the key mediating factors of a decisive ideological purpose and local leadership style provide the ingredients for union renewal. A number of wider implications are noted, in particular a gap between national trade union policies and workplace industrial relations practices. Available to be cited as: Dundon, T. (1998), ‘Post-Privatised Shop Steward Organisation and Union Renewal at Girobank’, Industrial Relations Journal, 29 (2): 126-136. Post-privatised shop steward organisation and union renewal at Girobank Introduction managerial-led change both before and after the Although trade union membership in Britain has process of privatisation. In particular, whether been characterised by consecutive decline[1], renewal activity is based on a resurgence of older, academic analysis is now turning its attention to the more traditional forms of unionism or a new method possibility of union renewal and prognosis for of union organising? The product of such analysis is growth in two broad ways. One is that the potential to gain a greater understanding of key factors which for revitalisation is pushed from above. This was appear to influence shop steward behaviour and more than evident at the 1997 TUC conference in its union organisation. The article begins with a review adoption of a ‘new unionism’ policy, suggesting a of three central themes within the renewal debate. change of direction from older, more traditional These are: the motives for particular styles of shop adversarial relations to one based around steward activism as well as the changing nature of moderation, social partnership and a new organising local organisation; a consideration of the dilemmas culture [2]. Allied to the motives for ‘new unionism’ between national policy objectives and workplace is the implication that trade unions are becoming union practices; and finally the dynamics of a much more co-operative with employers [3] while supervisory-steward relationship at shop floor level adopting a strategic servicing member relationship to the prospect of union organising. An outline of the through individual rather collective forms of relevance for using Girobank as a case study is representation and bargaining [4]. followed by an analysis of empirical evidence in sections four and five. A number of wider The second area of potential renewal is located implications for local union organisation and within a much more cyclical framework concerned workplace industrial relations are discussed in the with the dynamics of power and control between final section. labour and capital. The primary locus is renewal not from above but at workplace level. Underlying this The evidence presented below is based on three argument is a realignment of social relations, most complementary research methods. First, extensive notably linked to privatisation, deregulation and neo- use of documentary material was obtained from both liberal market forces as the source of membership the company and trade unions, including detailed engagement in response to an increasingly self- agreements, minutes, in-house journals and various confident managerial prerogative [5]. At a deeper memoranda. Secondly, semi-structured interviews level is the analytical framework to assess the were arranged with the main bargaining actors at contradictory pressures shop stewards face both a national and local level. In total 18 representing membership interests (i.e. participants were involved in the interview process, accommodation vs. resistance, democracy vs. mainly single one-to-one interviews although a few bureaucracy, and independence vs. dependence) [6]. group discussions took place. These included the two most senior personnel managers for Girobank, three The aim of this article is to draw on a number of line managers based at Bootle, three national union themes central to this workplace union renewal officials [7], two principle branch officers and eight perspective. It does so by adopting an ethnographic lay representatives from the Bootle branch. Finally, case study approach in one organisation, Girobank, there was the opportunity to observe a number of to illustrate the relevance of local union responses to strategic national and local union discussions, Post-privatised shop steward organisation and union renewal at Girobank complemented by the author’s former position as a that what is “critical is the emergence of participative CWU Branch Officer in the company. In addition to forms of unionism where there has been a long branch meetings these included the national history of remote, centralised and hierarchical” advisory committee, annual conference debates, the organisation [10]. organisation of the first strike in the company’s history for over 20 years, and subsequent This distinction between ‘participative forms’ as well membership meetings concerning industrial action as ‘ideological motives’ toward a new basis of union and pay recommendations. Unfortunately, direct organisation is of central significance. Arguably, union-management negotiations were not part of the there has been an over-emphasis placed on the research agenda. By far the greatest proportion of structural barriers to membership engagement material came from the largest union branch at the rather than a deeper understanding of the motives, time, the CWU Bootle branch. goals and objectives of the respective parties [11]. Thus to assume that a system of consultations, Some Issues for Union Renewal surveys or delegate conferences between members, Notwithstanding the risk of oversimplification, the stewards and full-time officers will satisfy (and general argument is that devolved management stimulate) a demand for greater participation [12] systems, pressures from increasing market lacks a clear distinction between ‘direct’ and competition, employment reorganisation and work ‘indirect’ organising activity at workplace level, intensification have been traced to a resurgence of especially as large and multi-occupational union activism. As management become increasingly workplaces have historically relied on bureaucratic self-confident, demanding greater employee forms of union organisation rather than direct flexibility, there is evidence of a revitalised union membership participation. response in defence of members’ terms and conditions: An alternative approach is to explore membership participation and commitment to union organising in “The paradox is that the privatisation of these a much more multi-dimensional way, covering both corporations, and the accompanying formal and informal agents which shape membership restructuring of work and employment values [13]. The analytical advantage here is that a relations, provided the conditions for union preoccupation with measures of direct participation renewal” [8]. (such as membership meetings) arguably neglects the diversity and variation of attitudinal orientations Significantly, the factors which appear to lead to toward unionism, such as the impact of union potential renewal also suggest a number of literature on member perceptions and a willingness opportunities for unions to redefine their role at a to participate. Equally important is the historical and local level. One particular theme is the emphasis political influences in assessing the deeper motives between the ‘motives for’ and ‘forms of’ local which may shape future steward activism and the organising activity. For Fosh (1993) the “careful potential for combative as well as participative choice of leadership style” [9] around a collective relations at workplace level [14]. Yet where class- ideology is considered favourable to possible based solidarity and collective resistance has been renewal activities, while Fairbrother (1996) suggests evident, there is a tendency to concentrate on Post-privatised shop steward organisation and union renewal at Girobank predominantly manual and male-dominated facing supervisory management, and how the occupations, with little consideration for potentially dynamics of a steward-supervisory relationship can recast social and class relations among diverse influence workplace organising activity. There is occupational/white collar groups [15]. certainly evidence that employers would prefer to manage without unions per se [20]. The revisited A second theme is that revitalisation and union Fawley case presented by Ahlstrand (1990) shows organising can be influenced from above as much as how management
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