Currency Code Currency Name Units Per EUR USD US Dollar 1,114282
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BIbLIOGRAPHY 2016 AFI Annual Report. (2017). Alliance for Financial Inclusion. Retrieved July 31, 2017, from https://www.afi-global.org/sites/default/files/publica- tions/2017-05/2016%20AFI%20Annual%20Report.pdf. A Law of the Abolition of Currencies in a Small Denomination and Rounding off a Fraction, July 15, 1953, Law No.60 (Shōgakutsūka no seiri oyobi shiharaikin no hasūkeisan ni kansuru hōritsu). Retrieved April 11, 2017, from https:// web.archive.org/web/20020628033108/http://www.shugiin.go.jp/itdb_ housei.nsf/html/houritsu/01619530715060.htm. About PBC. (2018, August 21). The People’s Bank of China. Retrieved August 21, 2018, from http://www.pbc.gov.cn/english/130712/index.html. About Us. Alliance for Financial Inclusion. Retrieved July 31, 2017, from https:// www.afi-global.org/about-us. AFI Official Members. Alliance for Financial Inclusion. Retrieved July 31, 2017, from https://www.afi-global.org/sites/default/files/inlinefiles/AFI%20 Official%20Members_8%20February%202018.pdf. Ahamed, L. (2009). Lords of Finance: The Bankers Who Broke the World. London: Penguin Books. Alderman, L., Kanter, J., Yardley, J., Ewing, J., Kitsantonis, N., Daley, S., Russell, K., Higgins, A., & Eavis, P. (2016, June 17). Explaining Greece’s Debt Crisis. The New York Times. Retrieved January 28, 2018, from https://www.nytimes. com/interactive/2016/business/international/greece-debt-crisis-euro.html. Alesina, A. (1988). Macroeconomics and Politics (S. Fischer, Ed.). NBER Macroeconomics Annual, 3, 13–62. Alesina, A. (1989). Politics and Business Cycles in Industrial Democracies. Economic Policy, 4(8), 57–98. © The Author(s) 2018 355 R. Ray Chaudhuri, Central Bank Independence, Regulations, and Monetary Policy, https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-58912-5 356 BIBLIOGRAPHY Alesina, A., & Grilli, V. -
Code List 11 Invoice Currency
Code list 11 Invoice currency Alphabetical order Code Code Alfa Alfa Country / region Country / region A BTN Bhutan ngultrum BOB Bolivian boliviano AFN Afghan new afghani BAM Bosnian mark ALL Albanian lek BWP Botswanan pula DZD Algerian dinar BRL Brazilian real USD American dollar BND Bruneian dollar AOA Angolan kwanza BGN Bulgarian lev ARS Argentinian peso BIF Burundi franc AMD Armenian dram AWG Aruban guilder AUD Australian dollar C AZN Azerbaijani new manat KHR Cambodian riel CAD Canadian dollar B CVE Cape Verdean KYD Caymanian dollar BSD Bahamian dollar XAF CFA franc of Central-African countries BHD Bahraini dinar XOF CFA franc of West-African countries BBD Barbadian dollar XPF CFP franc of Oceania BZD Belizian dollar CLP Chilean peso BYR Belorussian rouble CNY Chinese yuan renminbi BDT Bengali taka COP Colombian peso BMD Bermuda dollar KMF Comoran franc Code Code Alfa Alfa Country / region Country / region CDF Congolian franc CRC Costa Rican colon FKP Falkland Islands pound HRK Croatian kuna FJD Fijian dollar CUC Cuban peso CZK Czech crown G D GMD Gambian dalasi GEL Georgian lari DKK Danish crown GHS Ghanaian cedi DJF Djiboutian franc GIP Gibraltar pound DOP Dominican peso GTQ Guatemalan quetzal GNF Guinean franc GYD Guyanese dollar E XCD East-Caribbean dollar H EGP Egyptian pound GBP English pound HTG Haitian gourde ERN Eritrean nafka HNL Honduran lempira ETB Ethiopian birr HKD Hong Kong dollar EUR Euro HUF Hungarian forint F I Code Code Alfa Alfa Country / region Country / region ISK Icelandic crown LAK Laotian kip INR Indian rupiah -
Afghans in Iran: Migration Patterns and Aspirations No
TURUN YLIOPISTON MAANTIETEEN JA GEOLOGIAN LAITOKSEN JULKAISUJA PUBLICATIONS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY OF UNIVERSITY OF TURKU MAANTIETEEN JA GEOLOGIAN LAITOS DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY Afghans in Iran: Migration Patterns and Aspirations Patterns Migration in Iran: Afghans No. 14 TURUN YLIOPISTON MAANTIETEEN JA GEOLOGIAN LAITOKSEN JULKAISUJA PUBLICATIONS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF TURKU No. 1. Jukka Käyhkö and Tim Horstkotte (Eds.): Reindeer husbandry under global change in the tundra region of Northern Fennoscandia. 2017. No. 2. Jukka Käyhkö och Tim Horstkotte (Red.): Den globala förändringens inverkan på rennäringen på norra Fennoskandiens tundra. 2017. No. 3. Jukka Käyhkö ja Tim Horstkotte (doaimm.): Boazodoallu globála rievdadusaid siste Davvi-Fennoskandia duottarguovlluin. 2017. AFGHANS IN IRAN: No. 4. Jukka Käyhkö ja Tim Horstkotte (Toim.): Globaalimuutoksen vaikutus porotalouteen Pohjois-Fennoskandian tundra-alueilla. 2017. MIGRATION PATTERNS No. 5. Jussi S. Jauhiainen (Toim.): Turvapaikka Suomesta? Vuoden 2015 turvapaikanhakijat ja turvapaikkaprosessit Suomessa. 2017. AND ASPIRATIONS No. 6. Jussi S. Jauhiainen: Asylum seekers in Lesvos, Greece, 2016-2017. 2017 No. 7. Jussi S. Jauhiainen: Asylum seekers and irregular migrants in Lampedusa, Italy, 2017. 2017 Nro 172 No. 8. Jussi S. Jauhiainen, Katri Gadd & Justus Jokela: Paperittomat Suomessa 2017. 2018. Salavati Sarcheshmeh & Bahram Eyvazlu Jussi S. Jauhiainen, Davood No. 9. Jussi S. Jauhiainen & Davood Eyvazlu: Urbanization, Refugees and Irregular Migrants in Iran, 2017. 2018. No. 10. Jussi S. Jauhiainen & Ekaterina Vorobeva: Migrants, Asylum Seekers and Refugees in Jordan, 2017. 2018. (Eds.) No. 11. Jussi S. Jauhiainen: Refugees and Migrants in Turkey, 2018. 2018. TURKU 2008 ΕήΟΎϬϣΕϼϳΎϤΗϭΎϫϮ̴ϟϥήϳέΩ̶ϧΎΘδϧΎϐϓϥήΟΎϬϣ ISBN No. -
Valūtas Kods Valūtas Nosaukums Vienības Par EUR EUR Par Vienību
Valūtas kods Valūtas nosaukums Vienības par EUR EUR par vienību USD US Dollar 1,185395 0,843601 EUR Euro 1,000000 1,000000 GBP British Pound 0,908506 1,100708 INR Indian Rupee 87,231666 0,011464 AUD Australian Dollar 1,674026 0,597362 CAD Canadian Dollar 1,553944 0,643524 SGD Singapore Dollar 1,606170 0,622599 CHF Swiss Franc 1,072154 0,932702 MYR Malaysian Ringgit 4,913417 0,203524 JPY Japanese Yen 124,400574 0,008039 Chinese Yuan CNY 7,890496 0,126735 Renminbi NZD New Zealand Dollar 1,791828 0,558089 THB Thai Baht 37,020943 0,027012 HUF Hungarian Forint 363,032464 0,002755 AED Emirati Dirham 4,353362 0,229708 HKD Hong Kong Dollar 9,186936 0,108850 MXN Mexican Peso 24,987903 0,040019 ZAR South African Rand 19,467073 0,051369 PHP Philippine Peso 57,599396 0,017361 SEK Swedish Krona 10,351009 0,096609 IDR Indonesian Rupiah 17356,035415 0,000058 SAR Saudi Arabian Riyal 4,445230 0,224960 BRL Brazilian Real 6,644766 0,150494 TRY Turkish Lira 9,286164 0,107687 KES Kenyan Shilling 128,913350 0,007757 KRW South Korean Won 1342,974259 0,000745 EGP Egyptian Pound 18,626384 0,053687 IQD Iraqi Dinar 1413,981158 0,000707 NOK Norwegian Krone 10,925023 0,091533 KWD Kuwaiti Dinar 0,362319 2,759999 RUB Russian Ruble 91,339545 0,010948 DKK Danish Krone 7,442917 0,134356 PKR Pakistani Rupee 192,176964 0,005204 ILS Israeli Shekel 4,009399 0,249414 PLN Polish Zloty 4,576445 0,218510 QAR Qatari Riyal 4,314837 0,231758 XAU Gold Ounce 0,000618 1618,929841 OMR Omani Rial 0,455784 2,194020 COP Colombian Peso 4533,946955 0,000221 CLP Chilean Peso 931,726512 0,001073 -
“The Effects of Local Currency Absence to the Banking Market: the Case for Zimbabwe from 2008”
“The effects of local currency absence to the banking market: the case for Zimbabwe from 2008” AUTHORS Charles Nyoka Charles Nyoka (2015). The effects of local currency absence to the banking ARTICLE INFO market: the case for Zimbabwe from 2008. Banks and Bank Systems, 10(2), 15- 22 RELEASED ON Friday, 31 July 2015 JOURNAL "Banks and Bank Systems" FOUNDER LLC “Consulting Publishing Company “Business Perspectives” NUMBER OF REFERENCES NUMBER OF FIGURES NUMBER OF TABLES 0 0 0 © The author(s) 2021. This publication is an open access article. businessperspectives.org Banks and Bank Systems, Volume 10, Issue 2, 2015 Charles Nyoka (South Africa) The effects of local currency absence to the banking market: the case for Zimbabwe from 2008 Abstract Local currency based fee charges have always been one of the major contributors to bank profitability. A profitable banking market has more chances of stability compared to less profitable banking markets. The developments within the Zimbabwean on economy over the last six years merit more attention by researchers than has been given to it over the same period. Zimbabwe adopted a multicurrency approach to banking since the establishment of a government of national unity in 2008. To date the country has remained without a domestic currency a factor that seems to have con- tributed to the demise of some banks in Zimbabwe. Numerous press reports have indicated that Zimbabwean Banks are facing liquidity problems a factor that has culminated in the closer of and the surrendering of bank licences to authori- ties by at least nine banks to date. -
Crown Agents Bank's Currency Capabilities
Crown Agents Bank’s Currency Capabilities August 2020 Country Currency Code Foreign Exchange RTGS ACH Mobile Payments E/M/F Majors Australia Australian Dollar AUD ✓ ✓ - - M Canada Canadian Dollar CAD ✓ ✓ - - M Denmark Danish Krone DKK ✓ ✓ - - M Europe European Euro EUR ✓ ✓ - - M Japan Japanese Yen JPY ✓ ✓ - - M New Zealand New Zealand Dollar NZD ✓ ✓ - - M Norway Norwegian Krone NOK ✓ ✓ - - M Singapore Singapore Dollar SGD ✓ ✓ - - E Sweden Swedish Krona SEK ✓ ✓ - - M Switzerland Swiss Franc CHF ✓ ✓ - - M United Kingdom British Pound GBP ✓ ✓ - - M United States United States Dollar USD ✓ ✓ - - M Africa Angola Angolan Kwanza AOA ✓* - - - F Benin West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Botswana Botswana Pula BWP ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Burkina Faso West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Cameroon Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F C.A.R. Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Chad Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Cote D’Ivoire West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ F DR Congo Congolese Franc CDF ✓ - - ✓ F Congo (Republic) Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Egypt Egyptian Pound EGP ✓ ✓ - - F Equatorial Guinea Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Eswatini Swazi Lilangeni SZL ✓ ✓ - - F Ethiopia Ethiopian Birr ETB ✓ ✓ N/A - F 1 Country Currency Code Foreign Exchange RTGS ACH Mobile Payments E/M/F Africa Gabon Central African Franc XAF ✓ ✓ ✓ - F Gambia Gambian Dalasi GMD ✓ - - - F Ghana Ghanaian Cedi GHS ✓ ✓ - ✓ F Guinea Guinean Franc GNF ✓ - ✓ - F Guinea-Bissau West African Franc XOF ✓ ✓ - - F Kenya Kenyan Shilling KES ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ F Lesotho Lesotho Loti LSL ✓ ✓ - - E Liberia Liberian -
View Currency List
Currency List business.westernunion.com.au CURRENCY TT OUTGOING DRAFT OUTGOING FOREIGN CHEQUE INCOMING TT INCOMING CURRENCY TT OUTGOING DRAFT OUTGOING FOREIGN CHEQUE INCOMING TT INCOMING CURRENCY TT OUTGOING DRAFT OUTGOING FOREIGN CHEQUE INCOMING TT INCOMING Africa Asia continued Middle East Algerian Dinar – DZD Laos Kip – LAK Bahrain Dinar – BHD Angola Kwanza – AOA Macau Pataca – MOP Israeli Shekel – ILS Botswana Pula – BWP Malaysian Ringgit – MYR Jordanian Dinar – JOD Burundi Franc – BIF Maldives Rufiyaa – MVR Kuwaiti Dinar – KWD Cape Verde Escudo – CVE Nepal Rupee – NPR Lebanese Pound – LBP Central African States – XOF Pakistan Rupee – PKR Omani Rial – OMR Central African States – XAF Philippine Peso – PHP Qatari Rial – QAR Comoros Franc – KMF Singapore Dollar – SGD Saudi Arabian Riyal – SAR Djibouti Franc – DJF Sri Lanka Rupee – LKR Turkish Lira – TRY Egyptian Pound – EGP Taiwanese Dollar – TWD UAE Dirham – AED Eritrea Nakfa – ERN Thai Baht – THB Yemeni Rial – YER Ethiopia Birr – ETB Uzbekistan Sum – UZS North America Gambian Dalasi – GMD Vietnamese Dong – VND Canadian Dollar – CAD Ghanian Cedi – GHS Oceania Mexican Peso – MXN Guinea Republic Franc – GNF Australian Dollar – AUD United States Dollar – USD Kenyan Shilling – KES Fiji Dollar – FJD South and Central America, The Caribbean Lesotho Malati – LSL New Zealand Dollar – NZD Argentine Peso – ARS Madagascar Ariary – MGA Papua New Guinea Kina – PGK Bahamian Dollar – BSD Malawi Kwacha – MWK Samoan Tala – WST Barbados Dollar – BBD Mauritanian Ouguiya – MRO Solomon Islands Dollar – -
Twelfth Session of the Speca Governing Council Infor
UNECE ESCAP United Nations Economic United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Europe Commission for Asia and the Pacific UNITED NATIONS SPECIAL PROGRAMME FOR THE ECONOMIES OF CENTRAL ASIA (SPECA) 2017 SPECA ECONOMIC FORUM “Innovation for the SDGs in the SPECA region” and TWELFTH SESSION OF THE SPECA GOVERNING COUNCIL (Dushanbe, Tajikistan, 5-6 December 2017) INFORMATION NOTICE I. INTRODUCTION This document provides some details regarding the 2017 SPECA Economic Forum “Innovation for the SDGs in the SPECA region” and the twelfth session of the SPECA Governing Council jointly organized by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe and the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific at the invitation of the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan and in close cooperation with the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of the Republic of Tajikistan. II. PARTICIPATION Government representatives of the United Nations member States, representatives of United Nations agencies and programmes, relevant international and regional organizations, international financial institutions, donors as well as representatives of the private sector and the academic community are invited to participate in the Economic Forum. Representatives of neighbouring countries, other countries interested in supporting the Programme, United Nations agencies and programmes, international and regional organizations, international financial institutions and donor agencies are invited to attend the twelfth session of the SPECA Governing Council as observers. III. VENUE These SPECA events will take place on 5-6 December 2017 in the conference room of the Hyatt Regency Dushanbe Hotel (address: Avenue Ismoili Somoni 26/1, Dushanbe). IV. ORGANIZATION Registration of participants will start at 09:00 on 5 December 2017. -
GMCIF Global Multi-Currency Input File
Global Multi-Currency Input File (GMCIF) Version 2.68 Global Multi-Currency Settlement File (GMCIF) Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 4 Purpose of Document ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Supporting Documentation............................................................................................................................. 4 Support Services .............................................................................................................................................. 4 File Processing ...................................................................................................................................... 5 File Delivery ..................................................................................................................................................... 5 Processing Cycle .............................................................................................................................................. 5 Multiple Files ................................................................................................................................................... 5 Validation ....................................................................................................................................................... 5 Development Guidelines ..................................................................................................................... -
Currency Considerations in the Zimbabwean Context 2018
PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS AND AUDITORS BOARD Currency considerations in the Zimbabwean context 26 February 2018 1 1. BACKGROUND 1.1. Zimbabwe witnessed significant monetary and exchange control policy changes in 2016 through to 2017. The changes were a result of continued economic challenges faced by the country that resulted in the liquidity crisis. In response, the RBZ promulgated a series of exchange control operational guidelines and compliance frameworks to alleviate the cash shortage and boost the economy. 1.2. The accountancy profession accepted the positive impact of these measures on entities but also noted some concerns that arose from this policy implementation on the financial reporting of entities in Zimbabwe, hence, this document. 1.3. The aim of this paper is to: I. lay out the functional currency considerations that preparers and auditors are having to make before year end reporting commences; II. outline the relevant International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) implications; and III. offer recommended guidance to preparers of financial statements with the intention of achieving fair and consistent presentation to the benefit of the users. 2. FUNCTIONAL CURRENCY CONSIDERATIONS 2.1. In 2009, Zimbabwe adopted the multi-currency system upon the abandonment of the Zimbabwean dollar (ZW$). For financial reporting purposes (presentation of the national budget and levying of taxes etc.) the government of Zimbabwe adopted the United States Dollars (“USD”) as the functional and reporting currency. Consequently, business also adopted the USD as the functional and reporting currency. 2.2. From the fourth quarter of 2015, there have been notable changes in the availability of foreign currency. This has resulted in a need to assess whether there has been a change in the functional currency. -
Dollarization of the Zimbabwean Economy: Cure Or Curse? the Case of the Teaching and Banking Sectors
CONFERENCE THE RENAISSANCE OF AFRICAN ECONOMIES Dar Es Salam, Tanzania, 20 – 21 / 12 / 2010 LA RENAISSANCE ET LA RELANCE DES ECONOMIES AFRICAINES Dollarization of the Zimbabwean Economy: Cure or Curse? The Case of the Teaching and Banking Sectors Tapiwa Chagonda Post-Doctoral Fellow, Department of Sociology University of Johannesburg 1 Dollarization of the Zimbabwean Economy: Cure or Curse? The Case of the Teaching and Banking Sectors. Tapiwa Chagonda Post-Doctoral Fellow, Department of Sociology University of Johannesburg ABSTRACT This paper analyses the effects of the dollarization of the Zimbabwean economy in 2009, in the wake of devastating hyper-inflation and a political crisis that reached its zenith with the electoral crisis of 2008. Efforts to revive the battered Zimbabwean economy, largely through the dollarization of the Zimbabwean economy are assessed through the lens of the teaching and banking sectors. During the peak of the Zimbabwean crisis in 2008, the teaching sector almost collapsed as partial disintegration at the physical level took its toll on the sector. Most of the primary and secondary school teachers responded to the hyper-inflation that had eroded their incomes by going into the diaspora or joining Zimbabwe’s burgeoning speculative informal economy. The establishment of the Government of National Unity (GNU) saw the dollarization of the Zimbabwean economy and the shelving of the Zimbabwean dollar in March 2009. The above developments saw the teaching sector beginning to show signs of re-integration, as some of the teachers who had left the profession re-joined the sector. This was largely because the dollarization of the Zimbabwean economy ‘killed off’ the speculative activities which were sustaining some of the teachers in the informal economy, during the period of crisis (2000- 2008). -
Country Codes and Currency Codes in Research Datasets Technical Report 2020-01
Country codes and currency codes in research datasets Technical Report 2020-01 Technical Report: version 1 Deutsche Bundesbank, Research Data and Service Centre Harald Stahl Deutsche Bundesbank Research Data and Service Centre 2 Abstract We describe the country and currency codes provided in research datasets. Keywords: country, currency, iso-3166, iso-4217 Technical Report: version 1 DOI: 10.12757/BBk.CountryCodes.01.01 Citation: Stahl, H. (2020). Country codes and currency codes in research datasets: Technical Report 2020-01 – Deutsche Bundesbank, Research Data and Service Centre. 3 Contents Special cases ......................................... 4 1 Appendix: Alpha code .................................. 6 1.1 Countries sorted by code . 6 1.2 Countries sorted by description . 11 1.3 Currencies sorted by code . 17 1.4 Currencies sorted by descriptio . 23 2 Appendix: previous numeric code ............................ 30 2.1 Countries numeric by code . 30 2.2 Countries by description . 35 Deutsche Bundesbank Research Data and Service Centre 4 Special cases From 2020 on research datasets shall provide ISO-3166 two-letter code. However, there are addi- tional codes beginning with ‘X’ that are requested by the European Commission for some statistics and the breakdown of countries may vary between datasets. For bank related data it is import- ant to have separate data for Guernsey, Jersey and Isle of Man, whereas researchers of the real economy have an interest in small territories like Ceuta and Melilla that are not always covered by ISO-3166. Countries that are treated differently in different statistics are described below. These are – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland – France – Spain – Former Yugoslavia – Serbia United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.