39546 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 4, 1973 port on S. 1443, the foreign aid author­ ADJOURNMENT TO 11 A.M. Joseph J. Jova, of Florida, a Foreign Serv­ ization bill. ice officer of the class of career minister, to Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. Presi­ be Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipo­ There is a time limitaiton thereon. dent, if there be no further business to tentiary of the United States of America to There will be at least one yea-and-nay come before the Senate, I move, in ac­ Mexico. vote, I am sure, on the adoption of the cordance with the previous order, that Ralph J. McGuire, of the District of Colum. bia, a Foreign Service officer of class 1, to be conference report, and there may be the Senate stand in adjournment until Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipoten­ other votes. the hour of 11 o'clock a.m. tomorrow. t iary cf the United States of America to the On the disposition of the conference The motion was agreed to; and at 6: 45 Republic of Mali. report on the foreign aid authorization p.m., the Senate adjourned until tomor­ Anthony D. Marshall, of New York, to be row, Wednesday, December 5, 1973, at Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipoten­ bill, S. 1443, the Senate will take up tiary of the United States of America to the Calendar Order No. 567, S. 1283, the so­ lla.m. Republic of Kenya. called energy research and development Francis E. Meloy, Jr., of the District of bill. I am sure there will be yea and Columbia, a Foreign Service officer of the NOMINATIONS class of career minister, to be Amb1ssador nay votes on amendments thereto to­ Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the morrow. Final action on that bill is not Executive nominations received by the United States of America to Guatemala. Senate December 4, 1973: contemplated tomorrow. The Senate will DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE resume consideration of the bill on DEPARTMENT OF STATE Charles D Loos, of Indiana, to be U.S. Thursday. Harry G. Barnes, Jr., of Maryland, a For­ m:i.rshal for the southern district of Indiana. eign Service officer of class 1, to be Ambas­ for the term o! 4 yeus. (Reappointment.) Does the distinguished acting Repub­ sador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Anthony E. Rozman, of Michigan, to be lican leader have anything to state? the United States of America to Romania. U.S. marshal for the eastern district of Mr. STAFFORD. Nothing further, I Heyward Isham, of the District of Colum­ Michigan for the term of 4 years. (Reappoint­ would say. bia, a Foreign Service officer cf class 1, to be ment.) Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipoten­ Denny L. Sampson, of Nevada, to be U.S. Mr. ROBERT c. BYRD. I thank the tiary of the United States of America to marshal for the district of Nevada for the distinguished Senator from Vermont. Haiti. term of 4 years. (Reappointment.)

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS SENATOR RANDOLPH RECEIVES Members of this body know that Sen­ was elected to the U.S. House of Represent­ RECOGNITION FOR AVIATION ator RANDOLPH is concerned with con­ atives. Working from his Washington office LEADERSHIP structive results in the activities in which with a group of Elkins aviation enthusiasts, he became a dynamic force in a movement he participates. However, on this day in to establish the original Elkins Municipal Elkins there was one activity which had Airport in 1934. HON. TED STEVENS been purposely kept from him by the When the Elkins airport was expanded, the OF ALASKA people of his hometown, his staff, and runways enlarged and the terminal building moved and renovated in 1944, it wa.:i again IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES citizens who were to participate in the program. In addition to the dedication Congrassman Randolph who helped Elkins Tuesday, December 4, 1973 of the new terminal building, the Elkins leaders secure federal financing for the air­ port development. Mr. STEVENS. Mr. President, on No­ City Council and the Randolph County Elkins was the second city in West Vir­ vember 17 it was my privilege to accom­ Court had voted some time before to ginia to be served by a commercial airline­ pany the distinguished senior Senator designate the airport as Jennings Ran­ Amerlcan Airlines camP. to Elkins in 1934 from West Virginia (Mr. RANDOLPH) to dolph Field in recognition of his work at the urging of Jennin6s Randolph. his hometown of Elkins to participate in the establishment of the airport in And on May 12, 1939, Elkins was one of in the dedication of a new terminal build­ 1934 and the improvements to it since the first cities on the experimental Air Mail that time, and as a tribute to their own Pickup Service route. It was Congressman ing at the Elkins-Randolph County Air­ Randolph who authored the Air Mall Pickup port. With us on that important occasion Senator for his aviation leadership at the legislation. were many nationally known persons who national level. When the Weather Station was termin3.ted have worked and pioneered in aviation Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ in Elkins, he was instrumental in getting it programs over a period of many, many sent that the program for the ceremony reinstated. years. It was fascinating to me to listen to and two articles from the Elkins, W. Va., And always, he is in the forefront to keep these leaders-men such as C. R. Smith, Inter-Mountain be printed in the the vital Federal Aviation Administration's chairman of the board and chief execu­ RECORD. flight service station in Elkins. There being no objection, the material Many, many cities much larger than El­ tive officer of American Airlines; Lt. kins have no scheduled air carrier service. Gen. Pete Quesada, first Administrator was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, Sen. Randolph has been influential in the of the Federal Aviation Administration; as follows: continuation of scheduled air carrier service Representative DoN CLAUSEN, president DEDICATION-JENNINGS RANDOLPH FIELD, in his hometown. of the Congressional Flying Club, and ELKINS-RANDOLPH COUNTY AmPORT, NO­ And today, 39 years after the original air­ former astronaut Mike Collins-describe VEMBER 17, 1973 port was built, Sen. Randolph has been a their years of association with Senator A TRIBUTE TO "MR. AVIATION" key figure in obtaining a new airport ter­ "He has led us in aviation ... more than minal building for Elkins. RANDOLPH and his effective efforts in the Emerson Phares, president of the Elkins­ development of aviation and air travel. any other man", said L. Welch Pogue, former chairman of the Civil Aeronautics Board. Randolph County Airport Authority speak­ Mr. President, I personally was aware "He's the best friend civil aviation ever ing for officials and citizens, paid this trib­ that the Senator from West Virginia has had", said John Shaffer, former chief of the ute to Sen. Randolph: been deeply involved in almost every Federal Aviation Administration. "Sen. Randolph consistently has been the Both were speaking of U.S. Sen. Jennings strongest single force and advocate of bet­ legislative effort since the early 1930's to ter and improved aviation facilities to serve strengthen and improve aviation pro­ Randolph-known in the field of aviation and in the halls of Congress as "Mr. Avia­ Elkins and Randolph County. He has been grams. Nevertheless, to hear C.R. Smith tion". eager to assert his important office with dis­ state that "when the history of aviation By presenting the first bill in Congress patch when a. need a.rises. Without question, is written there will be a bright shining for federal aid to airports, he helped estab­ we would not have this flne airport, nor golden page there for JENNINGS RANDOLPH lish airports across the nation. would we now be dedicating this new ter­ Back in his hometown of Elkins, there ls minal building if it had not been for Sen. and he will certainly deserve it," brought no greater friend of the local airport than Randolph". home to me and to those present the Sen. Randolph. PROGRAM unique role that Senator RANDOLPH has That friendship started in 1932 when as Flag Raising-West Virginia Highlanders exercised in the realization of aviation a young professor and athletic director at Bagpipe Ba.nd, Color Guard, American Legion progress. Davis and Elkins College, Jennings Randolph Post 29. December 4, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REJ.'1ARKS 39547 Invocation-Dr. Dua.rd H. Estep, Pastor of Visibly touched, the senator said simply, He talked a.bout his pa.rents. "They taught First Baptist Ohurch. "I am grateful. I shall always remember this me to work. What a great thing they taught Master of Ceremonles--Judge Robert E. minute, these 60 seconds, that I've stood me when they taught me that," he said. Maxwell, U.S. District Court of Northern here after learning of this honor. Thank He talked about the two men responsible West Virginia. you very, very much." for causing him to originally run for Con­ Welcome-Mayor James Gladkosky. The senator's friends, once inside the gress: his father and Earl Maxwell, father Remarks-Lt. Gen. Elwood R. Quesada. warm Engine Room at the Tygart Hotel, no of U.S. District Judge Ro·bert E. Maxwell. USAF (Ret.), First Administrator of Federal longer restrained themselves in praises for "Though he never told me, I knew that my Avla.tlon Administration. their friend and colleague. father wanted me to do what he had tailed I n troductlons--James E. Wallace, Elklns­ Lt. Gen. Elwood "Pete" Quesada, who had to do in 1916 and 1918 when he ran !or Con­ Randolph County Airport Authority. been a close associate of late President gress and lost. I tried for him," the Senator Remarks-James E. Dow, Deputy Adminis­ Dwight D. EJ!:enhower, compared Randolph said. trator, Federal Aviation Administration. to the late president. "Eisenhower was a man "And Earl Maxwell ... who told me 'A Remarks-Leslie J. Barnes, Presddent of with an exaggerated saru:e of equality and person who has a right to criticize is a person Allegheny Airlines. patriotism . . . characteristics possessed by who has a hes.rt to help' ... who talked and Sp ecial Comments-Former Astronaut Jennings Randolph ... He treated his col­ couns .:led me. We ran and we lost ... but Mike Collins, Director of National Air and leagues with great respect, understanding the we came back and tried a.gain and we won," Space Museum. vlcw.3 of his colleagues even when they dif­ the Senator continued. Introduction of Honored Guest--Master of fered with his own ... more characteristics "It ls ttme for us to think in terms of a Ceremonies. shared by Jenn ings Randolph." 'hes.rt to help' because in the our very Introduction of Speaker-U.S. Sen. JEN­ Quesada continued: "Eisenhower had an survival in society may rely on that . . • NINGS RANDOLPH, Honored Guest. a,ersion to vulgarity and those who used Think of the past, but confront the problems Address-C. R. Smith, Chairman of the obscenity and vulgarity ns a. means of ex­ of the future," he concluded. Board and Chief Executive Officer of Ameri­ pression, quickly gained his rebuke. And The standing ovation, the applause of tha.t can Alrllnes. though I have never seen this chara~teristic group o! people in the Engine Room was sin­ (Addre53 preceded by ceremony des!gna.ting in Jennings Randolph, I have always sus­ cere. this Airport Jennings Randolph Field.) pected it was there." The appreciation, respect, and admiration Response--U .s. Sen. JENNINGS RANDOLPH. Sen. Ted Stevens (R-Alaska) said Sen. were mutual. Benediction-Dr. Duard H. Es~e,. Randolph is one of the few men in Congress Prior to introducing C. R. Smith to the Airr,ort Open House 11 :00 a.m. to 4 :00 p.m. who take the time to help newcomers to audience at the airport Saturday, Sen. Ran­ Guided tours by Xi Al9ha Al,..,ha Chapter of that body, call1ng him a man who looks be­ dolph reminisced about the airport's history. Beta Sigma Phi. Refreshments by Elkins High yond his own problems to help others. He had asked Mrs. Georgia Harper to sit on School Boosters Club. Stevens outlined the help Randolph gave the speakers' platform with him. in the passage of the Alaska pipeline bill. "Dice and Georgia Harper worked together ASSISTING ORGANIZATIONS "You inay ask what a senator from a coal in another period in the development of this Mayor of Elkins, James P. Gladkosky. state was doing helping a senator frcm an oil facllity," Sen. Randolph said, telling about Ellcins City Council state," Stevens said. "He was one of the few the history of what wa.s then Harper Field. James DeCarlo, Harry Scott, Patrick Dugan, who saw th~ necessity of the pipeline. I knew "The Harpers sold their 100 acres for $30,000 Thomas Waller, H. A. Smith, Jr., Joseph there was no way of getting the bill passed when it was worth twice that amount. But Ma.rtin, G. R. Hammer, Clair Metheny, How­ without getting Jennings Randolph involved. the Harpers wanted to help-that was the ard Whetsell, and F. E. Nutter. So I went to him and asked for his help. spirit of those days." He not only helped us with his own vote, but He recognized Blanche Noyes, a.ls:> seated on Randolph County Court he went out and talked to others to explain the speakers' platform, a female pilot for the Barrett Liggett, President; Fred Poling, and the necessity of the pipaline. The blll passed FAA who had attended the first dedication John W. Scallon (deceased). on a vote of 60 to 49." of Elkins Municipal Airport in 1934. Airport authority members Rep. Don H. Clausen (R-Calif.) called Sen. "Blanche, you are the woman who pla-:ed Emerson Phares, Chairman; John P. Carr, Randolph a man of r:erspectlve. "He demon­ 70,000 air markers on the tops of buildings Jack R. Nuzum, Ralph S. Shepler, and James strated year~ ago that he was a man of all across the country, including the one a, E. Wallace. perspective, a m an ahead of his time. It is Elkins," the senator said. men of perspective, these born leaders that Randolph's introduction of C. R. Smith a.re nseded in this country now," the Con­ was a tribute to the man. "I remember C. R. {From the Elkins (W. Va.), Inter-Moun­ gressman said. Smith when he was a tall, gangling Texan tain, Nov. 19, 1973) Leslie Barnes, president of Allegheny Air­ who ca.me out of the Southwest to start A SENATOR OF THE COUNTRY-AVIATION lines, said of the senator: "There ls no one American Airways. His goal then was to build "STARS" CALL RANDOLPH I know ln Congress who ls visited more often a better America and that's his goal now," (By Yvonne Schiavoni) !or counsel, advice, and assistance, no one the senator said. "While you may look at Sen. Jennings who ls more concerned with national prog­ "This man was called back at the age of Randolph as the Senator from West Virginla, ress. problems and crises. And there is no 74 to the presidency of an airline which we look at him as a Senator of the coun­ one I know in Congress or in the federal gov­ employs 37,000 workers, c:::i.lled back to do a try. He is representative of everything great ernment who is more versed in or more con­ jo~ of pulling back together an airline t!lat in aviation and in the country. He's what cerned about national problems than Jen­ needed the reasoned judgment and guidance we really need." nings Randolph." of this man," Randolph continued. "He didn't The words belonged to James Dow, deputy Former astronaut Michael Colllns told of come back because he wanted to. He came adinlnistrator of the Federal Aviation Ad­ how Jennings Randolph and Gen. Hap Arnold back because of the pleading of American ministration and one of the many aviation conceived the idea of an aviation museum Airlines executives ... because they needed "stars" who came to Elkins Saturday not to preserve the heritage of the country's him in this hour of trouble." only to dedicate a new airport but to honor aviation past, present, and future. It was Randolph said Smith had been to the firM a ma.n-U.S. Senator Jennings Randolph. Randolph who authored legislation which airport dedication in 1934. "It's appropriate Dow was speaking at a luncheon at the created the National Air and Space Museum that C. R. Smith should be our principal .rt Hotel following ceremonles Saturday of which Collins is now director. spe3ker this afternoon." which designated the Elkins-Randolph C. R. Smith reminisced about the first County Airport as Jennings Randolph Field. dedication of the Elkins Municipal A1rport RANDOLPH VISmLY TOUCHED BY SURPRISE The cold biting wind kept speeches at the back in 1934 which he attended with Ran­ UNVEILING airport short. C. R. Smith, chairman of the dolph. He ended by saying "Jennings, you're (By Phyllis Morris) board and chief executive officer of Ameri­ a good man" a thought echozd by everyone in the room. At 11 a.m. Saturday, very important people can Alrli'1 es and longtime friend of Jennings gathered to dedicat e a very important pla.ce­ Rs.ndolph, summed up his fellow speakers' And finally Sen. Randolph himself, hum­ bled by the honor bestowed him that day the new Elkins-Randolph County Airport. feelings when he s3.id, "He's been one of the But of all the VIPs pre::ent one man was strong men in aviation for a very long time. by the people of his adopted hometown of Elkins, reminiscing about those early days of unique-a man who remembers and ls re­ When the history of aviation is written, the Elkins Airport and his first meeting with memb3red by old friends, a man who, tran­ there will be a bright shining golden page C. R. Smith, then president of American­ scending the partisanship of his profession, on there for Jennings Randolph and he wlll a meeting which resulted in Elkins receiving has achieved non-partisan approbation, a certainly deserve it." air flight service from American with two man respected by the successful and emu­ Shortly thereafter, the bunting conceal­ stops daily based on a verbal agreement be­ lated by those striving for succe:,s. ing the word "Jennings Randolph Field" was tween the two men. And it was this man for whom the new dropped and the senator learned for the first "With any recipient of an honor," the sen­ Elkins-Randolph County Alrpc·rt was desig­ time that the airport had been designated s.tor said, "the honor is not due him but only nated the "Jennings Randolph Field." in his honor. what he represents:• Visibly touched at the surprise unveiling ,,,,... 39548 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 4, 1973 . of his name on the new terminal building, AMERICANISM and pollution, we suddenly realize what luck Senator Randolph, after a long pause, said and what joy it is to 1ive in a free country. simply, "I am grateful." The feeling was II. AND THE RESPONSIBll.lTY mutual. HON. DICK SHOUP (By Micha:l Drury) About an hour before the ceremony, the OF MONTANA arrival of a small fleet of state police signaled Late one April afternoon, I hailed a ta.xi a big event. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in Washington, D.C., and set out for the Another sign was the presence of the West Tuesday, December 4, 1973 Lincoln Memorial, feeling oddly pleased and Virginia Highlander3 in their red and yellow expectant. Although I've bsen in the nation's tartans. No·w piping, now pacing to keep Mr. SHOUP. Mr. Speaker, two articles ca.pita.I half a dozen times, it was always on warm on the chill November day, they given me by Robert C. Hendon of Alex­ business. Now I was going like any visitor to brought to mind the age-old question re­ andria, Va., seem most appropriate and look at the memorial to a man whose mind garding kilt:,. I publish it in the RECORD for the infor­ and spirit had always engaged my sensiblli­ The smell of fresh coffee greeted visitors mation of my colleagues. ties-not only as President but as a person. who viewed the prints of West Virginia scenes What I felt was in a degree, I suppose, what I in the airport lobby or reminisced and THANKSGIVING, U.S.A. would have felt if I'd been invited to meet laughed over pictures of both the airport and I. THE PRIVILEGE tho living man. its gue:;ts in their youth. (By Janina Atkins) In blue spring twilight, I mounted the Among the first aviation dignitaries to Just over nine years ago, I came to this broad steps and, as I walked between the arrive was the tall, handsome president of country with $2.60 in my purse, some clothes, great columns, I saw at once the heroic Allegheny Airlines, Leslie Barnes. "I think a few books and a beautiful china tea set sta.tua, seated, "a man of sorrows" and yet it's a beautiful building," he commented, for 12-a going-away gift from my friends. content, satisfied. 'I'he bigness of it dwarfed "and as far as the occasion is concerned, I I was an immigrant girl from Poland hoping me. 1 stood reassembling my scattered emo­ think it's great that people have a. vision for for a new life in a strange new country. tions, and slowly became a.ware that there the future. There's so much doom and gloom This month I shall celebrate Thanksgiving was another woman there, with a girl of right now." Da.y as an American citizen and, as f-or mil­ nine or ten whom I took to be her daughter. "I know this has been a dream of the lions of Americans before me, this will be a They were walking and talking quietly as community for a. long time," he continued. day of gratitude. one does in a church or a deep forest. They "I'm glad I was invited to attend." Mine is not a spectacular success story, nor paused b:side me, at the foot of the statue, A flurry of excitement marked the arrival and we smiled without speaking. Then, in of Mike Collins, dre3sed like a. businessman ls that of my husband. We both left the "oU country" in 1961. We did not know each that silent place, tha little girl bagan to rea:l rather than an astronaut but instantly aloud the "Gettysburg Ad:lress" on the recognizable from his days as pilot of the other at that time, but when we met in New York City we had to face the same problems. plaque in front cf her. command module Columbia of Apollo II She read it all the way th.rough. Her fame. We had language difficulties, no steady jobs, n:> family, few friends. It was e:isy to be mother and I stcle one glance at each other; A Sta.r-Trek fan wanted to know if Collins there were tears streaming down both cur watched this series. "I hate to tell you th13," despondent. But, slowly, times changed. There is some­ faces. When the child finished, we turned he answered, "but I've never watched it. My as if we'd rehearsed it and walked out to kids do. I really don't do much TV watch­ thing m the air of America. th:it filled my soul with a feeling of independence, and inde­ our respective cabs without a word. At the ing." bottom of the steps, I turned to the child, In answer to what do you do in your spa.re pendence begot strength. There ls no one here t:> le:i.d you by the hand, but also no one who was somehow myself, her mother and time, he grinned and said, "I come to We3t her own self as well, and said, "Thank Virginia." to order you a.bout. Once you land in Amer­ i::a y.:;u are left to yourself, to shape your you." Mrs. GeJrgia Harper happily greeted old "You're welcome," she replied gravely, and friends. Remembering Elkins Airport when own future, to test yourself. This, I suppose, ls what living in freedom means. we went our ways. it was Harpers Field, she stated, "It's a little That episode haunted me for months. It bigger than it was 30 years ago." Worlcing by day-I as a secret.'.lry, my hus­ b:md as a clerk-and studying by night, we made me aware of something I had not Now visiting dignitaries arrived by the known before, but I could not say what it plane load-Lt. Genera.I Elwood Quesada, took the old route so many Americans have taken. Whatever we earned went for rent, was. Like most Americans of my time. I James Dow (deputy director of FAA), Ted had been brought up with a love of my coun­ Stevens (U.S. SenatcT from Ala.ska.), Don H. f co:l, tuition. We believed in the future. And the future did not disappoint us. try as a component of everyday life. It was Clauson (U.S. Repre:entative from Cali­ a background fact like summertime and, fornia) and others, including featured Today we work as librarians. My husband ls studying for his dcctora.te. We live in a senior proms and baseball. But now there was speaker C. R. Smith, a crusty, rangy Texan a hin.t of something more rewarding and, at who at the a1a of 74 has been called out of comfort!l.ble apartment in Manhattan. Week­ retirement to serve again as president of ends we drive to the country, and every year the same time, more demanding. I had the American Airlines. we travel to some faraway place. All this, we feeling that I was missing something. Of his "new" job, Smith said, "It's good know, we owe to ourselves. And to the Some years later, when a friend and I y;ere to be back." Someone s:i.id, we hear you 're most hospitable and beautiful country in drivirg along the Pennsylvania Turnpike, we moving airline operations from New York the world. decided to stop at Gettysburg. Neither of U3 to Texas. "No, that's ~ust a. rumor," he re­ Among some of our American-born friends had been there, and we chose by cha.nee a sponded. it is not fashionable to be enthusiastic about motel that bordered immediately upon the The dedication ceremony began officially at America. There are drugs, urban and racial historic battlefield. The gravestones were 11 a..m. with the raising of the American confilcts, poverty, inflation, the Watergate almost close enough to touch from the ter­ flag. The sun broke through the clouds. affair. Undoubtedly this country faces seri­ race outside our room. A trick of light, or the imagination, trans­ ous problems. But what we, the newcomers, It was early November, and when we returned from di:mer a brief snow flurry formed a black poodle, present at the oc­ see o.re not only the problems but also demo­ cratic solutions being sought and applied. had powdered everything. I stood a long time casion, into Snoopy the Red Baron, complete On Thanksgiving Day we might well remem­ in the storied darkness, wrapped in a blanket. with helmet and goggles. ber that there is much in Am:rica to be I was stunned by the terrible reality of it. Allegheny Airlines tllght No. 216 from grateful for. Here slept tbe men who rell in a battle that Charleston arrived and departed on schedule. I love America because people accept me for me-until that moment-had just been Mayor James Gladkosky's flamboyant for what I am. They do not question my something studied in a history book. Her3 greeting set the tone. "Welcome to the State .ancestry, my accent, my faith, my political stood the Presi1ent after the barrage was of West Virginia, County of Randolph, City beliefs. I love this country because when I stilled, and named them "these hon:;red of Elkins," he said, ma.king the Jennings want to move from one place to another I do dead." Randolph Field sound like a very important not have to ask permission-I just go. I love As a child I had had to learn that brief place. Am'.lrica becaus) I do not have to stand in address, and now it repeated itself in my And so it is. line for hours to buy a piece of tough, fat head. But the voice I heard was not my Angelo Koukoulis of Clarksburg, president meat. I love America because America trusts own. It was that of the little girl in Wa.sh­ of Aeromech, Inc., which operates Elkins me. When I go into a shop to buy a pair of in3ton: "It is for us the llvinz to be here shoes, I am not asked to produce my identity dedicated ... to the great task remaining commuter flights through a contract with card. My mall is not censored. My conversa­ before us.... We here highly re:;olve ..." Allegheny Airlines, was e.mong those partici­ "tlon with friends is not reported to the secret Resolve what? Suddenly, I understood. pating in Saturday's dedication ceremonies. police. In the interval between that e7ening at Mrs. Marian Marson, who donated the fur­ Sometimes, when I walk with my husband t.he Lincoln Memori!l.l and st:1.nding here, I niture for the termina.1 building pilot's through the streets of New York, all of a had seen my country battered by ncbl strife lounge in memory of her husband, the la~ sudden we stop, look at ea.ch other and smile end seared .by assassins' bullets; denounced Harry Mar30n, also attended. Harry Marson, and kiss. People think we a.re in love-and it by some. who fled it; mocked by some who a Randolph County coal· operator, was kille do so. The scientific evidence I have been able My first surprise concerns the air we to a~ulre on this subject shows that the breathe. Throughcut my formal education I ca11sc of the eutrophlcatlon of Lake Erie has have been taught that the oxygen in our not been properly defined. 'This evidence DR. A. L. JONES-SPEECH ON TECH­ atmosphere is supplied by green plants using suggests that if we totally stopped using NOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT the process of photosynthesis. It is known phos:!.')hate detergents it wotild have no effect that plants hke in carbon dioxide and, whatever on the eutrophloation of Lake Erie. through activation by sunlight, combine it Many experiments have now been carried HON. ROBERT TAFT, JR. with water to make starches and cellulose and out which show that it is the organic carbon OF OHIO give off oxygen. In this way the whole cha.in content from sewage that is using up the of plant and animal life is sustained by en­ oxygen in the lake and not the phos:!.')hate IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES ergy from the sun. When the vegetable or in detergents. The reason the Cleveland area Tuesday, December 4, 1973 animal materials thus produced a.re ea.ten, beJ.ches are not swimmable is that the coli­ burned, or allowed to decay they combine form bacterial count, from fece~. ls too high, Mr. TAFT. Mr. President, at the No­ with oxygen and return to the carbon diox­ not that there is too much detergent in vember 15 joint meeting of the Common­ ide and water from which they came. We all the water. Enlarged and im:!.')roved sewage wealth and Commercial Clubs of Cincin­ know this. What is the surprise? treatment fac111ties by Detroit, Toledo, and nati, Ohio, Dr. A. L. Jones presented a The surprise is that most of the oxygen Cleveland will be required to correct this paper on technology and the environ­ in the atmosphere doesn't come from photo­ situation. Our garbage disposal units do far ment. Dr. Jones is presently with the synthesis. The evidence is now overwhelming more to pollute Lake Erie than do the phos­ Standard Oil Co. of Ohio as senior re­ that photosynthesis is quite inadequate to phate detergents. If we put in the proper ha.ve produced the amount of oxygen that ls sewage treatment facilities, the lake wlll search associate. He has previously been preEent in our atmosphere. The reason ls that sparkle blue again in a very few years. the organizer of Sohio's satellite track­ the amount of oxygen produced by photo­ As many of you know, the most toxic com­ ing station, prior to its relocation at Ohio synthesis is just exactly enough to convert ponent of automobile exhaust is carbon University. He is the author of papers on the plant tissue back to carbon dioxide and monoxide. Each year mankind adds over two organic analytical reagents, magnetic water from which it came. In other words, hundred million tons of carbon monoxide susceptability, hydrocarbon separations, the net gain in oxygen due to photosynthesis to the atmosphere. Most of this comes from liquid thermal diffusion, physical tech­ is extremely small. The oxygen of the at­ automobiles. Until recently I had been con­ niques in petroleum research, fuel cells, mosphere had to come from another source. cerned about the accumulation of this toxic A most likely possib111ty involves the photo­ material because I use it dally in my re­ In and radio satellite tracking. addition, dlssocia.tlon of water vapor in the upper at­ search and know that it has a life in dry Dr. Jones has invented c.nd coinvented mosphere by high energy rays from the sun air of about 3 years in the laboratory. several types of thermal diffusion ap­ and by cosmic rays. This process a.lone could For the past several ye3.rs, monitoring paratuses and was the recipient of the have produced, over the history of the earth stations on land and sea. have been measur­ Aerospace Award in 1963. ( 4.6 x 109 ), about seven times the present ing the carbon monoxide content of the at­ His paper deals with the causes of some mass of oxygen in the atmosphere. Two im­ mosphere. Since the ratio of automobiles in of our environmental problems and many portant articles on this subject have been the northern and southern hemispheres iS published in Sctence within the la.st 18 9:1 respectively, it was expected that the of the myths we believe to be causes. I months by Professors Leigh Van Valen of the northern hemisphere would have a much commend the paper to my colleagues and University of Chicago and W. S. Broecker of higher concentration of atmospheric CO. ask unanimous consent to print it in the Columbia University. Me3,surements show that there ls no differ­ RECORD. Other scientists predict that man is bring­ ence in CO amounts between the hemispheres There being no objection, the paper ing disaster upon himself by depleting at­ and that the overall concentration in the air was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, mospheric oxygen by burning fossil fuels is not increasing at all. as follows: and poisoning the phytoplankton of the E:l.rly in 1971, scientists at the Stanford oceans by pesticides. Dr. Paul Ehrlich of TECHNOLOGY AND THE ENvmoNMENT Research Institute in Palo Alto disclosed that Stanford predicts an oxygen shortage by they had run some experiments in smog (By Dr. A. L. Jones) 1979. Fortunately, accurate measurements of chambers containing soll. They reported that These are days when people have genuine the oxygen content of the air have been carbon monoxide rapidly disappeared from concerns for the future welfare of mankind. made and recorded routinely since 1910. The the chamber. They next sterilized the soil Many fear that our technology has gotten National Bureau of Standards has made an and found that now the carbon monoxide the best of us beca.uee some think we have abundance of measurements over the years. did not disappear. They quickly identified the passed the "point of no return". It 1s ex­ In 1910, the oxygen content of the air was organisms responsible for co removal to be tensively believed that we are likely to die !ound to be 20.946% by volume. In 1973. !ungt of the aspergillus (bread mold) and , ,...... ,.. • - ... ""'< • r ~ I • •. • "' 39550 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 4, 1973 peniclllium types. These organisms, on a hair was 10 times greater than in the period here. He has had :nothing to do with the dis­ world wide basis, a.re using a.11 of the 200 from 1923-1971. They attribute the higher appearance of millions of species that pre­ mlllion tons of CO made by ma.n for their amount in the earlier period to the ingestion ceded him. own metabolism, thus enriching the soils of of lead from collection of water from lead It is of interest to note that man has not the forests a.nd the fields. More recently, sci­ roofing, storage of water in leaded jugs, lead been successful in eliminating a. single insect entists at Queens University in Canada. have glazed earthenware, pewter utensils, leaded species, in spite of his all-out war on certain found that green plants, such as beans, use paints and cosmetics. undesirabla ones in recent years. He also has CO in their metabolism a.nd that they con­ It ls ha.rd to imagine that airborne lead is not felt kindly towards sn:i.kes and rats, but sume as much atmospheric CO as do the not a. serious hazard to human health but no species of them have disappeared to my fungi in the soils. the evidence is overwhelming that the lead knowledge. This does not say that carbon monoxide levels m the population have not increased The world supply of fossil fuels ( oil, gas, is any less toxic to man. It does say that, in in recent years, in spite of increased disper­ coal) is limited. Fossil fuels are composed spite of ma.n's activities, this material will sion of airborne lead. It would appear that primarily of hydrocarbons. Each year the a.c­ never build up in the atmosphere to dan­ the most important reason for removing lead tivi ties of man result in 27 million tons of gerous levels except on a. localized basis. To from gasoline at this time is that lead poisons hydrocarbons escaping into the atmosphere. put things in perspective, let me point out the catalysts in catalytic afterburners for The sources of most of this escape are par­ that the average concentration of carbon automotive exhaust emission control. The tially burned fossil fuels and the direct evap­ monoxide in the open air is less than 1 pa.rt AMA reports "subtle and unrecognized or oration of fuels and solvents. For the most per million. In downtown Cleveland, in heavy 'unrecognizable' changes are not occurring pa.rt, it is advantageous to minimize this traffic, it sometimes builds up to 16 to 20 in the general population as a result of its loss for reasons of efficiency, fuel conserva­ ppm. In Los Angeles it gets to be 35 ppm. In exposure to environmental lead". There is tion and reduction of air pollution. parking garages and tunnels it is sometimes such a. thing a.s lead poisoning but people It is well established that in sunny places, 50 parts per million. These a.re the worst usually get it by swallowing rather than where the air is stagnant, certain hydrocar­ conditions. breathing lead particulate matter. bons, when oxidized, produce photochemical Here is another surprise for many of you. One of the problems of considerable inter­ smog. This results in the growth of aerosol Do you know that the carbon monoxide con­ national interest concerns the use of the particles which produce a. haze. The color and tent of cigarette smoke is 42,000 parts per pesticide DDT. I find that DDT has had a. odor o! the haze is influenced by the kind of million? The CO concentration in practically miraculous impact on arresting insect borne hydrocarbon involved. any smoke filled room grossly exceeds the diseases and increasing grain production It is not so well known that, on a global safety standards we permit in our labora­ from fields once ravaged by insects. Accord­ basis, nature releases at lea.st 5 times more tories (10 ppm). I do not mean to imply that ing to the World Health Organization, ma­ volatile hydrocarbons into the air than man 35 or 50 ppm of carbon monoxide should be laria. fatalities alone dropped from 4 million does. Practically all types of forest trees emit ignored. I do mean to say that many of us a. year in the 1930's to l ess than 1 million per substantial quantities of terpene hydrocar­ subject ourselves to CO concentrations vol­ year in 1968. Other insect borne diseases such bons. In addition to pine trees, from which untarily (and involuntarily) that a.re greater as encephalitis, yellow fever and typhus fever hydrooa.rbon turpentine is obtained, trees than those of our worst polluted cities, in­ showed similar declines. It has been esti­ such as aspen, locust, cottonwood, willow, cluding those in the Holland Tunnel in New mated that 100 million human beings who oak, sweetgum, sycamore, yellowwood, mul­ York, without a.ny ca.ta.strophic effects. It would have died of these afflictions are a.live berry, buckthorn, and Oregon grape emit is not at all unusual for CO concentrations today because of DDT. substantial quantities of isoprene and ethyl­ to reach the 100-200 ppm range in poorly DDT and other chlorinated compounds a.re ene. The Blue Ridge and Smoky mountains ventilated smoke filled rooms. If a heavy supposedly endangering bird species by thin­ of the eastern U.S. are so named because of smoker spends several hours without smok­ ning of the egg shells. I am not sure this Ls the characteristic haze generated by photo­ ing in polluted city air containing 35 ppm true. The experiments I found concerning chemical reactions involving hydrocarbons of co, the concentration of CO in his blood this were not conducted in such a. manner emitted by the trees. Nature releases an esti­ will actually decrease! In the broad expanse that positive conclusions could be drawn mated 175 million tons of hydrocarbons each of our natural air, CO levels are totally safe from them. (The evidence is that Dieldrin, year in this way. for human beings. PCB, and other pesticides are more likely re­ In addition to volatile ones, practically all No one in his right mind would condone sponsible for it, not DDT). Even if it is true, plants contain hydrocarbons such as waxes air pollution. But we must think of things I believe that the desirable properties of and resins that do not evaporate. Did you in their proper perspective. We need to ask DDT so greatly outnumber the undesirable know. that the red color in watermelons, to­ the question about whether the air in our ones that it might prove to be a. serious mis­ matoes and pink grapefruit is a non-volatile living rooms presents a. greater hazard to take to ban entirely this remarkable chem­ hydrocarbon? The wax in your ears is also. health than does the outside city air. I think ical. In the middle-east there is a. bush, With we should strive to clean up both of them. The United States has banned the use of the botanical name of Dictamnus Fra.xinella., The general public has been led to believe DDT as of the beginning of 1973. This is a. which gives off so much terpene hydroca.r­ that there is a. serious health hazard re­ clear-cut example of a. modern day decision bo1:1s that explosive mixtures a.re generated sulting from increased dispersion of lead into based more on fear than it is on knowledge. in the air surrounding the plant. This plant the biosphere by man. The principal sources We know that DDT has saved the lives of is believed by some to be the burning bush of lead in the atmosphere are the combustion 100 million people. We know that food pro­ which Moses saw. Man has been accused of of gasoline and the burning of coal. The duction is increased in both quantity and being a major polluter of the air and the contributions from both of these sources a.re quality through the use of DDT. We know water with hydrocarbons but we must also now of the same order of magnitude but in that there is not a single fatality of man that recognize the greater a.mounts emitted by the past, the greater contribution was from can be attributed to DDT in the food chain. nature. coal. During the pa.st 100 years, over one We know that no effective substitute has For those who wish to return to the "good hundred million tons of lead have been dis­ been discovered for DDT. old days" when we didn't have dirty indus­ persed by man into the biosphere. DDT was banned because we fear that, in tries and automobiles to pollute the air, let's Careful studies of possible health effects spite of not having done so after 28 years of consider what life was really like in America of airborne lead have been carried out by the use, we may find that "man may be exposing before the Civil War. For one thing, life was National Academy of Sciences, the World himself to a. substance that may ultimately very brief. The life expectancy for males was Health Organization (WHO) and the Amer­ have a serious influence on his health". Can a less than 40 years. Those 40 yea.rs were ex­ ican Medical Association (AMA). They have modern society afford to use fear and specu­ haustive, back-breaking years. The work week found no evidence of a single case of lead lation rather than knowledge as a sound basis was 72 hours. The average pay was $300 per poisoning that can be attributed to breath­ for decision making on matters that will af­ year. The life of a. woman was far from ing ambient air polluted with lead. The WHO fect the lives and welfare of millions? "women's lib." They worked 98 hours a week, reports that "there has been no increase in Many people feel that mankind is respon­ scrubbing floors, making and washing lead levels in the population in the last two sible for the disappearance of animal spe­ clothes by hand, bringing in firewood, cooking decades". Other studies show that there has cies. I find that in some instances man may in heavy iron pots and fighting off insects been no increase in lead concentration in hasten the disappearance of certain species. without screens or pesticides. Most of the either blood or urine in the U.S. population However, the abundance of evidence indi­ clothes were very inferior by present day during the la.st 50 years. The lead levels in cates that he has little to do with it. About standards. There were no fresh vegetables in the blood of New Guinea. aborigines a.re 50 species are expected to disappear during winter. Vitamin deficiency diseases wer prev­ higher than those in the blood of either ur­ this century. But it is also true that 50 spe­ alent Homes were cold in Winter and swel­ ban or rural Californians. The lead levels in cies became extinct last century and the cen­ tering in sum.mer. the bones of pr::sent day man are not signif­ tury before that. Dr. T. H. Jukes of the Uni­ Every year an epidemic could be expected icantly different from those found in human versity of California points out that about 100 and chances were high that it would carry bones from the third century. million species of animal life have become off someone in your immediate family. If Scientists at Michigan Technological Uni­ extinct since life began on this planet a.bout you think that water pollution is bad now, versity have reported in Science that anal­ 3 billion years a.go. Animals come and ani­ it was more deadly then. In 1793, one person yses of human hair for lead show-that in th~ mals disappear. This is the essence of evo­ in every five in the city ·of Philadelphia. died period from 1871-1923 (when lead tetra.ethyl lution as Mr. Darwin pointed out many years in a. .single epidemic of typhoid fever as a was introduced into gasoline) the lead in the ago. Mankind is a relatively recent visitor result of polluted water. I wonder how many December 4, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39551 informed people want to return to the "para­ a.rd of living and a.void a. rapidly increasing Niesler, R. A. "Industrial Em1sslons: an dise" of the good old a.nte-bellum days. Per­ deficit in our balance of payments, because of Analysis of ~me Key Factors" J. Inst. Pet. haps the simple life is not so simple. greater oil imports, we must construct nu­ 66 #562, 344 (1970). Many of us a.re alarmed by the dire an­ clear power plants with the greatest of I uma.n, R. E., and Ingersoll, R. B. "Uptake nouncements made by technically untrained urgency. They arc the only demonstrated and of Carbon Monoxide by Soll Fungi" J. Air people a.nd by scientists who have not economically feasible alternative we have for Pollut. Cont. Assoc. 21 #10: 646 (October, bothered to check their assumptions against electric power generation. We cannot afford 1971). the evidence. These alarms have ma.de us go to let fear and superstition impede the at­ Merriman, D. "The Calefactlon of a. River" off half-cocked with expensive measures in tainment of the improved quality of living Scientific American, 42-52, May, 1970. some cases to solve problems that are some­ which we can a-chieve. Ochsner, A. "Hazards of Air Pollution­ times more imaginary than real. For exam­ From what we read and hear it would seem Fact er Fiction?" Proc. Amer. Power Cont. ple, the construction of some nuclear pGwer that we a.re on the edge of impen ding doom. 31, 23, 1969. plants has been held up because of the fear A scientific evaluation of the evidence does U.S. Dept. of H.E.W. "Smoking a.nd Health" of thermal pollution by the effluent cooling not support this conclusion. We clearly have No. 1103, Chap. 6, 49-65 ( 1964). water. In some cases, multimillion dollar some undesirable problems attributed to Mitchell, D. "Eutrophica.tlon of Lake Wa.ter cooling towers have been required before technological activities. The solution of thefe Micro:::osms: Phosphate vs. Nonphosphate construction could proceed. The evidence I probl3ms will require a technical understand­ Detergents", Science, 174, 827, Nov. 19, 1971. can find ls that when the plants are located ing of their nature. The pr~blems cannot be Levin, A. A., Birch, T. J., Hillman, RE., and on large bodies of water, such a.s Lake Erie, solved unless they are prop3rly identified. Raines, G. E. "Thermal Discharges: Ecologi­ cooling towers represent expensive monu­ This will require more technically trained cal Effects" Environs. Sci. Technol, 6, No. 3, ments to misinformation. The public will people, not less. These problems ca.nnot be 221: (1972). have to pa.y for these a.nd will re:::eive no solved by legislation unless the legislators Jukes, T. H. "DDT, Human Health a.nd the measurable benefit from the expenditure. understand the technical nature of the prob­ Environment" Environment. Affairs, 1, No. 3, My investigation of the thermal pollution lems. 534 (1971). problem reveals that, beyond any question In my estimation, the most serious prob­ Robbins, R. C. "The Analysis of Ancient of doubt, the sun is by far the greatest lem we fa.ce is the rapidly increasing human Atmospheres" Stanford Research Institute, thermal polluter of Lake Erie. Governor Gilli­ pcpulation on a. world-wide basis. The pol­ Menlo Park, Ga. Private Communication. gan of Ohio announced that he would "back lution of our natural waters With sewage and Bidwell, R. G. S. "Where a.11 the Carbon legislation making it unlawful to increase chemicals ls perhaps the second most serious Monoxide G:::es to" Canadian J. of Bota.ny, the temperature of the (effluent) water by one. Nothing good has been found for either 60 1435 (1972). more than one degree over the natural tem­ sulfur oxides or particulate matter in our Lawther, P. J. and Commins, B. T. "Ciga­ perature." As we all know, tl:e natural a.Ir. Hydrocarbon emission from our auto­ rette Smoking and Exposure to Carbon temperature of the lake ls changed by the mobiles can be hazardous, especially in poor­ Monoxide" Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci, 174 Art. 1, sun more than 40°F every year between ly ventilated locations. I have not been able 135 (1970). 0 Winter (33°) and summer (75+ ). The nat­ to identify any problems that we do not al­ Ryther, J. H. "Is the World's Oxygen Sup­ ural life in the lake accommodates this dras­ ready know how to solve. It is strictly a. ply Threatened" Nature 227, 374 (1970) tic change in great fashion, as it has for question of economics. The back to nature Ma.chta, L. "Atmospheric Oxygen in 1967 many thousands of years. approach of Withdrawing from reality will to 1970" Science 168, 1582. I have determined that if we could store up accomplish nothing. Rasmussen, R. A. "What Do the Hydro­ all of the electricity produced in Ohio in a I believe, as Thomas Jefferson did, that carbons from Trees Contribute to Air Pol­ whole year nnd use it exclusively for heating if the public is properly informed, the peopl@ lution" J. Air Pollut. Cont. As.so. 22, #7,537 Lake Erie all at one time, it would heat the will make wise decisions. I know that the (1972). entire lake less than three tenths of one de­ public has not been getting all of the scien­ Gerarde, H. W. "The Ubiquitous Hydrocar­ gree (0.3° F). tific facts on many matters relating to bons" Assoc. Food Drug Officials. In terms of localized heating, we must re­ ecology. That ls why I am speaking out on Gerarde, D. F. U.S., XXV and XXVI (1961 member that we already have many hundreds this subject today as a scientist and as a and 1962). of power plants pouring warm water into citizen. Some of the information I have given Weiss, D., Whitten, B., Leddy, D. "Lead streams and lakes. Twenty-five of these are you may be contrary to the things you a.re .Content of Human Hair (1971-1971)" Science nuclear power plants. Evaluation of the effect being led to believe but I am willing to sup­ 178, 69 (1972). of these from an ecological point of view is port my conclusion on evidence good enough Jaworowski, Z. "Stable Lead in Fossil Ice that "thermal pollution" is a. less descriutive fer me to urge any of you to evaluate it for and Bones" Nature 217, 162 (1968). and less appropriate term than is "the.rmal yourselves. I have no fear cf staking my rep­ enrichment". There are no species disappear­ utation on what I have presented to you. ing. No ecological catastrophes or problems We are all familiar with the Aesop fable have appeared. Some of the best fishing loca­ a.bout the shepherd boy and the wolf. The tions in the country a.re near the warm water moral for the fable is: those who a.re found H.R. 9320 outlets of power plants. An excellent scien­ to misrepresent facts a.re not believed even tific report on this subject ma.y be found in when they speak the truth. the March 1972 issue of Environmental Sci­ In recent months, we have heard cries of HON. LESLIE C. ARENDS ence and Technology. wolf with respect to our oxygen supply, the OF ILLINOIS In every age we have people practicing build-up of carbon monoxide, the disap­ witchcraft in one form or another. I used to pearance of species, DDT, phosphates in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES think: that the people of New England were lake, thermal pollution, radiation effects on Tuesday, December 4, 1973 particularly irrational in accusing certain health from nuclear power plants, the women of being witches without evidence to Amchitka. nuclear tests, lead in ga.scline, a.nd Mr. ARENDS. Mr. Speaker, on June 22, prove it. Suppose someone accused you of mercury in fish, to name a few. For the most 1971, I introduced H.R. 9320, a bill to being a. witch. How could you prove you were part, these cries have not been malicious but amend the National Labor Relations Act, not? It ls impossible to prove negative evi­ have been based largely on fear, ignorance, and it was referred to the Committee on dence. Yet this very tactic is being used to or misinformation. The people have listened Education and Labor. deter the construction of nuclear power to these cries and have come running to the plants. The opponents are saying, in effect, rescue but they are not finding many wolves. In my remarks at the time I intro­ that these plants are witches and it is up to Let us not cry wolf until we are reasonably duced that bill, Mr. Speaker, at pages the builders to prove that they are not. certain that we have done enough homework 21723-4 of the RECORD I cited a variety The positive scientific evidence is that the to know what a. wolf looks like. Otherwise of undesirable conditions stemming from nuclear power plants, constructed to this we may undermine our credibility a.nd not da.te, are the cleanest and least polluting be believed by the people when we warn them decisions of the National Labor Relations devices for generating electricity so far devel­ of the real wolves tha.t do exist. ·we cannot Board and the courts, conditions which oped by man. Lightning and snakebite have solve our recognized problems unless we at­ -would have been corrected by the enact­ proven to be gr:?ater hazards to the health tack them on the basis of what we know ment of H.R. 9320. and safety of the public than nuclear power rather than wha.t we don't know. We must plants. The a.mount of radiation escaping Mr. Speaker, no action was taken on use our knowledge and not our fears to solve H.R. 9320 by the 92d Congres, and the from a. well designed nuclear plant ls less the real problems of our environment. our than that from the cosmic rays to which I conditions it was desigr~ed to correct are future can be better than most of our past wa.s exposed on the Jet aircraft flight to this if we choose it so. as much in need of correction today as conference. Carelessness and irresponsibility are inexcusable in potentially hazardous SUGGESTED READING they were in June 1971. I will not burden operations. I ca.n find no evidence of any such Broecker, W. S. "Man's Oxygen Reserves" the RECOR!> at this time, Mr. Speaker, behavior in our industrial nuclear opera­ Science 168, p. 1537, June 26, 1970. with a detailed analysis of Labor Board tions. Va.n Valen, J. "The History and Stabil­ and court actions these pa:;t 2 years in The energy crisis in the Unit.eel States 1s ity of Atmospheric Oxygen". Science. 171. areas covered by this legi.3lation. Suffice quite real. U we are to maintain our stand.- 439, Feb. 5, 1971. to say tho3e actions have not materially 39552 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 4, 1973 altered the situation. It is still in need of John S. Wyper, Connecticut General vice mobiles for getting to and from their correction, as it was in 1971. president, said, "We're delighted with the jobs. The more wealthy drivers, who ac­ Accordingly, Mr. Speaker, I reintro­ progress, so far. The best pa.rt about it ls that these energy reductions have been achieved count for most of the nonproductive duce this same bill today for appropriate without any interruptions of our business pleasure driving, would pay more for 1·ef erence. It deals with these six sepa­ and with a minimum of discomfort and in­ their gasoline, which they would be able rate areas under the National Labor Re­ convenience for our employees. to buy because the workingman needs lations Act: :first, the status of economic "It's a little cooler and a little darker all of his resources to provide shelter, strikers; second, coalition bargaining; around here, but our employees have been food, and clothing for his family. third, the gerrymandering of bargaining most understanding. They seem to appre­ The simple and grossly unfair result units; fourth, the consolidation of bar­ ciate that what we're trying to do ls in the of higher gasoline taxes would be to gaining units and the existence of a col­ public interest. "If our initial experience proves typical for deny automobile transportation t.o work­ lective bargaining contract as a bar to a large number of office buildings throughout ing people and place some restrictions an employee election in a particular unit; the country, this could be good news in the on people with moderate incomes, but fifth, preservation of certain multiem­ effort to help solve this winter's energy short­ would have no effect whatsoever on the ployer units: and sixth, clarification of age," Wyper said. driving habits of the well-to-do. an employer's right to ask for an Nl...RB Connecticut General has turned down its The only way to fairly share a reduc­ election among his employees. thermostats from 74 degrees to 68 degrees tion in gasoline consumption is through Mr. Speaker, I urge early hearings and and has taken advantage of the natural light· ing provided by its glass wall construction a system of rationing that will assure early House action on this legislation. Its to reduce artificial lighting in corridors, the every American a chance to buy a fair enactment into law is long overdue. cafeteria and work areas. It has curtailed share of our country's limited supply of elevator and escalator service and adjusted gasoline. evening cleaning crew schedules to turn off Nobody likes rationing. Any system of lights early. "It may not always appe3.r that allotted purchases will be inefficient. ENERGY CONSERVATION way from the outside," Wyper said, "but our Everybody will be inconvenienced. But evening lighting ls way down." under a rationing system at least every­ In addition, CG and Dubin-Mindell-Bloome are investigating a variety of ways to adjust body will be treated equally, and no HON. WILLIAM R. COTTER the home office building's heating, ventila­ group of citizens will sacrifice so others OF CONNECTICUT tion and air conditioning systems so they may continue their old driving prac­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES will use even less energy in the future. tices. Our energy problem will not be solved Tuesday, December 4, 1973 overnight. Our best course is to spread Mr. COTTER. Mr. Speaker, on October our supplies as far as they will go, and 17, 1973, I wrote to the Insurance Asso­ THE ENERGY CRISIS: HIGHER the best way t.o do that is to remember ciation of Connecticut and the Connecti­ TAXES OR RATIOI\~G? that America is a land of equality. High cut Business and Industry Association taxes to discourage driving would shatter urging them to prod their respective this ideal. If our gasoline supply is not corporate members to participate whole­ HON. GILLIS W. LONG large enough to meet demand, a system heartedly in a voluntary energy con­ OF LOUISIANA of fair rationing must be created. servation program. This, of course, was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES prior to the President's first energy crisis message which brought energy conser­ Tuesday, December 4, 1973 "LETS HEAR IT!" FOR vation from the back burner to the front. Mr. LONG of Louisiana. Mr. Speaker, UNITED STATES One of the more encouraging responses the energy crisis is no longer a mere ex­ I have received to this call came from pression; it is now a stark reality. We are HON. ELWOOD HILLIS Connecticut General Life Insurance Co., running out of petroleum supplies. in Bloomfield, Conn. The energy savings Nothing we do now will increase our OF J:NDIANA that company projects are quite impres­ petroleum supplies for this winter. Our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sive. immediate goal for the next few mo:a.1ths Tuesday, December 4, 1973 I would like to share with my col­ must be to minimize the costs-social and Mr. HILLIS. Mr. Speaker, just what leagues a statement from Connecticut economic costs-of the fuel shortage. is right with America? Anything? In re­ General on energy conservation. Everybody across this great land hopes cent years we have heard both here and STATEMENT BY CONNECTICUT GENERAL that voluntary steps will reduce our gaso­ abroad comments which would lead us to Conn~ticut General Life Insurance Com­ line consumption and allow our refiner­ believe that everything is wrong with pany ls achieving its goal of cutting fuel ies to produce more heating oil. Though America. I have been distressed on many consumption by 25 percent in its home office I wholeheartedly support efforts to avoid occasions and felt that these dissenters in Bloomfield. wasteful use of gasoline, I realize at the During November, the first month of the needed to be set on the right path. same time that our Nation depends on it I have heard many attempts to do so company's intensified conservation efforts, as fuel for automobiles, by far our some 27,500 gallons of heating oil were saved, a but none as effective and meaningful as according to John F. Barnaby, senior associate most used method of transportation. We an editorial by Gordon Sinclair, a Ca­ of Dubin-Mindell-Bloome Associates, a con­ can reduce driving and the waste of gaso­ nadian radio and TV commentator. And sulting engineering firm hired by CG to help line, but our requirements for enormous more impressive--here is someone who find ways to cut fuel consumption. quantities of fuel will still exist. is not even an American but sees fit to The figures include adjustments for If voluntary action does not reduce weather variances such as degree days and defend her. Mr. Sinclair's commentary demand enough, and the signs indicate comes at a most appropriate time and I sunlight. that it will not, we will have to create a If the oil savings rate can be maintained, believe it to be excellent reading for CG would save 118,000 gallons of oil during system to bring down the level of con­ everyone. the winter sea.son, ending April 15, enough to sumption. The system that we create While Mr. Sinclair's thoughts have heat approximately 100 Greater Hartford must recognize the national dimension previously been inserted into the CoN­ homes for that period. of the shortage. The sacrifices to be re­ GRESSION AL RECORD by another colleague, In addition, Barnaby reported, electricity quired should such a system ever be I want today to again share his commen­ usage was cut 20 percent in the company•s adopted must not fall unfairly on any tary. It is indeed heartening to know that 854,000-square-foot main building. Total single group. electricity usage by CG was down 11 percent there are individuals like Gordon Sin­ One of the suggestions brought for­ clair. I salute him. from last November even with the addition ward as the best way to reduce gasoline of a new 100,000-squ!l.re foot printing and "LE'r's HEAa IT!" FOB UNXTED STATES use calls for sharp increases in taxes. supply building, which uses electric heat. (Non:.-In these days of unrelieved fore­ Donald N. Brothers, senior energy consultant There can be no doubt that increased boding and gloomy news, all of us 1n this for Hartford Electric Light Company, said taxes on gasoline would sharply curtail country could do with a little bucking up. that the 11 percent rate of savings represents driving, but the burden of the reduction It isn't often that we get a chance to see enough electricity to meet the normal needs would fall savagely upon the shoulders ourselves as a neighbor sees us-and be of 480 average homes for a full year. of working people who need their aut.o- cheered by the image. December 4, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39553 Some time ago Gordon Sinclair. the Cana­ THE FOOTBALL CAPITAL OF God. I could not go through many prob­ dian radio and TV commentator. broadcast THE SOUTH lems I have without Him. It is a great feel­ an editorial from Toronto. Any number of ing to know He is with you, every minute of people in this country heard it or have since every day. I challenge eJ.ch or you to let Him read it, as it has been widely reprinted in HON. BILL NICHOLS have control of your life, letting things work newspapers in the U.S. It was inserted in the in your life as He would have 11;.-not your­ "Congressional Record" and became the sub­ OF ALABAMA self. There's a saying by Tenco: 'Trust your ject of many editorials. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES car to the ma.n who weJ.rs the star,' but for Mr. Sinclair's commentary makes especial­ Tuesday, December 4, 1973 each of us it should be: Trust ycur llfe to ly heartening reading right now. For the the man who made the stars,-Jesus Christ." benefit of those who have missed it, excerpts Mr. NICHOLS. Mr. Speaker. on this Wayne Ha!l, Unl,ersity of Alabama, "F.Jr are presented here.-Howard Fliege, Editor.) past Saturday I attended, with more than the first twenty years of my life, my god This Canadian thinks it is time to speak 70,000 other Alabamians, the annual Au­ was football. In the third game of my fresh­ up for the Americans as the most generous burn-Alabama football classic at Legion man year I got hurt and sust3.ined the first and possibly the least appreciated people on Field, Birmingham, Ala., "The Football of a. series of !cur knee operations, and at all the earth. . . . this time I saw my god disappear. Since then Capital of the South.'' This game was I have found a n3w God, One who will never Germany, Japan a.nd. to a lesser extent, viewed by milU.ons of Americans leave or betray me, Jesus Christ." Brita.in and Italy were lifted out of the throughout the United States on national Eddie Denton, Auburn Univ.:rsity, "Jesus debris of war by the Americans who poured Christ has been the m1instay of my life for in billions of dollars and forgave other bil­ television. Although I was hopeful that my Auburn team would come out victor­ a long time. I have always depended on Him lions in debts. None of these countries is to care for my needs a.nd direct my life. It today paying even the interest on its re­ ious, there was just no way to win out was not until I came to college, however, that maining debts to the United States. over the Nation's No. 1 football team, the I realized the need for s ::: mething more than When the franc was in danger of collaps­ University of Alabama. a. once-in-awhile God. Christ has supplied ing in 1956, it was the Americans who In this day and time, when skepticism this extra need for me and showed me what propped it up, and their reward was to ba and pessimism is in so many quarters, I a wonderful day-to-day relationship with insulted and swindled on the streets of Paris. was extremely heartened to note upon Him can be like. I was there, I saw It. entering this great stadium, that taped Randy Hall, University of Alabama., "I used When distant cities are hit by earth­ to each of the 70,000 seats was an at­ to call myself a Christian, but I relied on my quakes. it is the United States that hurries tractive brochure placed there by the own strength and abllity in my actions. Now in to help.... This spring, 69 American Fellowship of Christian Athletes of since I have come to have a personal relation­ communities (were) flattened by tornadoes. ship with Jesus Christ and turned my life Auburn University and the University over to Him, I realize how wrong I was be­ Nobody helped. of Alabama. fore. I am weak and can do nothing without The Marshall Plan and the Truman Polley I have supported this fine organiza­ His strength and guidance. I am s::> thankful pumped billions upon billions of dollars into tion f-Or many years and I can personally for God's forgiving love expressed through discouraged countries. Now newspapers in my Lord and Saviour, Jesus Christ." thosa countries are writing ab~ut the deca­ attest to tha outstanding religious lead­ ership by the Fellowship of Christian Jim Pitts, Auburn University, "I accepted dent, warmongering Americans. Christ at an early age during a spring re­ I'd like to sea just one of those countrle3 Athletes in the high school, college, and vival in my hometown. Since then I have that is gloating over the erosion of the United professional ranks really come to love and understand the Lord States dollar build its own airplanes. I believe that the personal testimonials more fully as I have struggled to grow as a Come on, let's hear it! stated in this brochure by these great Christian. When I at times become selfish D.les any other country in the world have Alabama athletes are timely and cer­ and self-centered, I remember wh:l.t a. sacri­ a plane to equal the Boeing Jumbo Jet. the tainly merit being placed in the annals of fice God made for me by sending His only Lockheed Trl;;tar or the Douglas 10? the CONGRESSIOrAL RECORD. I appreciate Son to earth to be cruci:fled that I might If so, why don't they fly them? Why do all the leadership that these young men be saved and have eternal life." the international lines except Russia fly John Croyle, University of Alabama, "In have given this Nation, both as great my life I have seen and heard about Chris­ American planes? athletes and great Christians, and I feel Why dee:, no other land on earth even con­ tianity and I did not want what I saw, until sider putting a man or woman on the moon? that their remarks are worthy of the it was explained to me that it was a rela­ You talk about Japanese technocracy, a.nd reading of each and every Member of tionship with Jesus Christ, not religion. When you get radios. You talk about German tech· Congress. I asked Christ to cone into my life, He did THIS Is WHAT MAKEs Us TICK as He said he would and changed my life. I nocracy, and you get automobiles. challenge you as the others have, to examine You talk tbout American technocracy, and We, along with hundreds of Alabama. and the exciting life Christ has to ouer, to all who you find men on the moon-not once but Auburn stu1ents, as well as thousands of will give Him a chance. Jesus said, 'I come several t lmes-and safely home again. people around the world, have found a posi­ to give you an abundant life.'" You talk about scandals, and the Ameri­ tive working solution to the problems of life. Billy wood, Auburn University, "When I cans put their3 right in the store windows We have discovered rea.l peace, securlty, hap­ was coming up through high school I was for everyb::;dy to look at. piness, and eternal life through knowing t he kind of guy who really thought he had Even their draft-dcdgers are not pursued Jesus Christ personally. it made. Footballwise and materially I was Andy Steele, Auburn University, "It is no .sitting on top of the world. Yet, I still la.eked and hounded. They are here on our streets, longer I who live, but Christ who lives in and most of them-unless they are break­ something in my life, and I found that to me. And 1n me He lives a llfe as full and be Jesus Christ. And right now I can experi­ ing Canadian laws-are getting American abundant as can be lived. A life in fellowship dollars from Ma and Pa at home to spend ence the abundant life he promised us in with God's Son, Christ Jesus, a relaticn­ the midst of a problem filled world." here..•. ship characterized by His infinite love for When the railways of France, Germany Phil Murphy, University of Alabama., "For me. A love ... supplies all my needs through years I tried to find life and Eearched for and India. were breaking down through age, the riches of His grace. I thank God I have freedom in everything imaginable. Then one it was the Americans who rebuilt them. When this relationship!" day through the testimony of a teammate I the Pennsylvania Railroad and the New York Da.vld McMakln, University of Alabama, learned that man could ne\'er find life abun­ Central went broke, nobody loaned them an "Since I've become a Christian, I haven't be­ dant or ever really be free, until He com­ old caboose. Both are stlll broke. come perfect. I've got many of the same mitted himself completely to the God who I can name you 5,000 times when the wants, needs and des:res as all of you do. created Him. Today I can say thankfully Am~ricans raced to the help of other people Christ fulfills them, or gives me the patience thr.:mgh Jesus Christ I have life and certainly to wait upon Him to act. This g3.me may go in trouble. Can you name me even one time am free." either way, so I'm happy that my peace of Rick Neel, Auburn University, "Everything when somaone else raced to the Americans mind is not dependent on the outcome. I 1n trouble? in my life must Involve Christ. Footb3.ll is depend on Christ." no exception. Without His gifts of a strong I don't think there was outside help even E:l Butler, Auburn University, "Slnce be­ body and good mind, there is no way I c:>uld during the San Francisco earthquake. coming a Christian, I have come to re3.lize even play . Without His help I Our neighbors have faced it alone, and I'm that everything God has given me should be could do ncthlng and for this reason I .shall one Canadian who is damned tired of hear­ used for his own glorification. I have con­ always give Obrist the gl: ry for anything ing them ki.:ked around. fidence now that whatever may happen will I azcomolish-on or off the football field." be for my own good as it fl.ts into God's pla.n. They will come out of this thing with thelr Steve Taylor, Auburn University, "'Though The peace, the Joy and the patience I found I went to Church a.s a child, I never grasped flag high. And when they do, they are en­ in Christ is unique and can be found no­ titled to thumb their nose at the lands that or understood why my parents made me go. where else." l couldn't make much sense of it. My Mother are gloating over their prasent troubles. Gary Rutledge, University of Alabama., died when I was twelve so with the loss of l hope Canada. is not one of these. "During my life I have always been close to her infiuence I drifted into all kinds o! trou- 39554 EXTENSIONS OF .REMARKS December 4, 1973 ble. But then Christ came into my life and try can grow in sales and jobs, and the more I hope I've shown you why we believe the I knew I had found what I was searching it can contribute to a favorable U.S. balance trade bill is important to this nation, why for. God's gift of salvation through his only of trade. we believe it will build jobs for U.S. em­ son Jesus has become the center of my life. International Paper, for example, exported ployees and sales for U.S. business, and why I attribute my athletic ability to God's will $290 million worth of products last year. we we urg·e you to favor it. an d I know I can always count on his imported certain types of pulp and papers We welcome your questions and comments. strength in any situation. Even in a crisis­ which can be made most successfully from filled world, Christ gives me peace and love Canadian spruce and balsam that are not like a river overflowing in my heart." economic to grow in most of the U.S. But our Steve Ford, University of Alabama, "I had favorable trade balance-the net of exports PENN CENTRAL PERVERSITY always gone to church on Sunday morning, less all types of imports-was $155 million, but never really knew or understood the which makes International Paper the tenth claims of Jesus Christ or just who He was. largest contributor among all companies to One night Jesus and His claims were pre­ the U.S. balance of payments. Given a fa­ HON. ROBERT E. BAUMAN sented to me and I realized that He desired vorable trade bill, we can considerably in­ OF MARYLAND for me to give my life to Him, and receive crease this contribution. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Him as my Lord and Savior, which I did. 3. Third, the trade bill is important to Since then I have come to know Him as jobs in the United States. The forest prod­ Tuesday, December 4, 1973 truly, "the way, the truth, and the life." ucts industry directly employs 1,300,000 peo­ Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, recently As the Word teaches. unless one humbles ple ( 500,000 in timber and wood products, himself befcre the Lord and opens up his 200,000 in sawmills and lumber mills, 600,000 the House passed H.R. 9142 which con­ heart to Him, he will never know of God's in paper and allied products). International tained ample provisions and financing salvation or experience God's blessings." Paper directly employs 51,000 people-many for upgrading of various Northeastern We invite you, yes, challenge you, to receive of them in the Congressional Districts rep­ railroads including the Penn Central Jesus Christ into your life today. Prayer is resented here this morning. In addition to syst~m. This provision is particularly im­ one way to express faith toward God. We this direct employment, our studies show portant because of the substandard safe­ invite you to pray a prayer something like that over 100,000 additional people are indi· ty status of mucil of the Penn Central this: rectly provided employment by our opera­ Lord Je3us, I admit I am a sinner and I tions. track. realize I need you. Thank you for dying for Nearly all of our primary paper mills do a It might have been expected that the me that I might have my sins forgiven. I significant export business-one of our mills Penn Central would have taken a more invite you to come into my life, forgive is dependent on exports for 44 percent of its optimistic view of their future when they my sins and make me the kind of person production. I don't have to tell you that if responded to an order of the Interstate you want me to be. Amen. such a plant were to lose its export market, and Foreign Commerc~ Commission re­ it would no longer be economically viable. quiring them to make track repairs. This Further, the products of all of our mills order was issued almost 2 years ago and THE IMPORTANCE OF THE go into industries which also stand to gain Penn Central did nothing until the fast TRADE BILL from the expansion of overrnas trade. For example, the printing and publishing indus­ min..i.te. At that point on October 16, try makes a very important contribution to 1973, instead of either making repairs or HON. PHIL M. LANDRUM the U.S. trade balance. This would not be coming up with a suitable plan for re­ OF GEORGIA possible without the world cost leadership pair, they closed a number of miles in­ of U.S. paper producers. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cluding many miles of track ill my con­ In addition, many of you know how impor­ gressional district. The closure lasted Tuesday, December 4, 1973 tant jobs in fore::: t products are to localities in the Northea':lt, the South, and the w.ast. for -1 day before the ICC granted a waiver Mr. LANDRUM. Mr. Speaker, under Those who visit the Adirondacks, for exam­ for 1 month during which Penn Central leave to extend my remarks in the REC­ p le, quickly me that almost all economic ac­ was to produce a plan for repair and re­ ORD, I include the following: t ivity in the Adirondacks revolves around construction. That plan has now been THE IMPORTANCE OF THE TRADE BILL the paper mills and the woodlands opera­ submitted and it is, to say the least, a tions that support them. Virtually the only (By J. Stanford Smith, vice-chairman of the farce. other business in the Adirondacks is the As an example of the so-called good board, International Paper Co.) highly f;easonal tourist industry. The forest We are here t:> give you facts regarding products industry is the mainstay of many faith of Penn Central, I point to the the importance of the trade bill to the Amer­ such areas in the United States. statistics offered by tht: railroad regard­ ican economy and to the forest products My associates tell me that with interna­ ing needed repairs of thE 406.2 miles of industry in particular. We strongly urge your tional trade expansion we can provide sev­ track locatec in the 0:1esapeake Division support of it. eral thousand more jobs in International which includes most of the Eastern Shore 1. The trade negotiations that are getting Paper alone. of M...1.ryland. Penn Central's estimate of underway will determine the economic pat­ 4. This nation needs the trade bill in order the number of ties needed to bring these tern of the world. They will define the in­ to deal with the new realities of internation­ ternational trading system for years to come; al trad·e. For example, we must deal on a lines up to safety standard was a total so it is crucial that U.S. negotiators be well realistic ba~is with such facts as the un­ of 39,647 ties. However, an inspection by armed and well supported. They need to be believable post-war economic recovery of a qualified inspector of the Federal as well equipped with negotiating authority Japan and Western Europe. We must deal Railway Administration showed that as are their counterparts from other nations. with such facts as the expansion of the Com­ there was no more than 5,000 new ties Only with such support can they reach mon Market into a much larger trading com­ required, an estimate which was only agreements that reduce foreign barriers munity. 12.6 percent of the Penn Central total. against U.S. exports and open new overseas The Common Market in 1972 bought $1.2 Similarly, Penn Central esti;.natec. that markets for the United States. This can cre­ billion worth of paper products. A third of ate thousands of new jobs and protect mil­ these purchases-$406 million-were from the same rail :ines required at least lions of existing jobs that will be endan­ the United States. Canada and the Scandina­ 716,100 feet of new rails. The Federal gered if we don't defend and extend our po­ vian countries are the other major suppliers Railrof..d Administration inspector esti­ sition in international trade. Furthermore, to the Common Market. mated only 1,200 feet o: new rails. It is expanded trade and income from foreign in­ Today there is a 12 percent tariff on most clear that Penn Central has adopted the vestments are the cure for the U.S. balance­ p;:i.per products entering the Common Market old adage that "figures do not lie, but of-payments problem. It will take expanded from the U.S., Canada, or Scandinavia. With liars do figure." export trade to provide funds to pay for im­ the expansion of the Common Market, how­ I include an editorial from the Daily ports such as oil that are vital to our na­ ever, that tariff will gradually be decreased tional welfare. to zero for the Scandinavian countries; it Times of Salisbury, ~A:d., detailing just 2. The trade bill is important to the forest is crucial that U.S. negotiators be in a posi­ how unrealistic and unresponsive this products industry. The United States forest tion to work out the same sort of tariff safety plan is. It seems b me that if the products industry is a world cost leader. In reduction for U.S. exports of paper to the Penn Central wants help from the Con­ other words, in terms of efficiency, quality, Common Market. Thousands of U.S. jobs are gress and the taxpayers of the United and customer acceptance, we are second to at stake, and so also is the U.S. position of States, they had better change their at­ none. But the only way to maintain and en­ world leadership in the paper industry. titude, and do so qu,ickly. For the present hance such world cost leadership is to be able One important final note. The major labor time they had better immediately revise to compete on a world basis. The more that union representing the employees in our mills U.S. negotiators can eliminate tariff and non­ and plants also supports the views I have ex­ their track repair plans on a more realis­ tariff barriers against wood and paper prod­ pressed her.a on why foreign trade is essential tic basis. ucts around the world, the more this indus- to our industry. The editorial follows: December 4, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39555

THE WRECK ON DELMARVA ma.n, the late Thomas M. Pelly of the tions where necessary to sustain passenger service. Delmarvans who are worried over the pos­ State of Washington. (3) The cost of using public transportation sible· loss of railroad service wm find a fresh With his passing comes the end of a to commute to work should be ma.de deducti­ and strong basis for concern in a track re­ long and distinguished career. For 20 ble from Federal income tax. pair timetable submitted last week by the years, from 1952 until his retirement (4) Electric advertising should be prohib­ Penn Central. in 1972, Thomas Pelly served the people ited except for one sign on the premises of The bankrupt railroad system was ordered of the First District of Washington-and a. retail stcre and only during the hours when by the Federal Railroad Administration ru the store is open to the public. The Presi­ either submit plans for repairing some 6,901 served them well. He was the ranking minority member dent's message in this regard was a step In miles of sub-standard tr&.ck or close down this direction but it allowed advertising on operations. of the Merchant Marine and Fisheries the premises of any business. There is no Release of the track repair program is just Committee and ranking minority mem­ reas::m for large electric signs consuming more bad news for Delmarva. people wh•J ber of the Fisheries and Wildlife Con­ vast a.mounts of power on factories er other have been fighting to keep the freight trains servation Subcommittee. His legislative business establishments not op:?n to the running. It will be at least three years before public. the railroad might even begin to repa!r Del­ judgment and experience were evident often in his work on this committee and ( 5) Decorative lighting on bridges, public marva tracks. Worse yet, the Penn Central buildings, monuments and the like should is saying that much of it wm not be started subcommittee. He also served with equal distinction on the Science and Astronau­ be eliminated for the duration of the fuel for at leJ.St five years. Two sections of tracks sl:ortage. will have to wait seven years. tics Committee and was the ranking ( 6) Federal funds should be appropriated The railroad says its track repair needs minority member of the Advanced Re­ fer research into electric generation from total $49 m111ion throughout the system in search and Technology Subcommittee. refuse. This is now being done experiment­ 16 states. It needs not only the labcr to With the death of Thomas Pelly, I ally in some pilot projects. Its rapid expan­ repair the rusting rails but it also must buy have lost a good friend; and the House sion, which can be achieved more speedily two mlllion cross-ties, and close to 100,000 through federally-sponsored research, would switch timbers. of Representatives and the citizens, not only of Washington, but of the entire substantially reduce consumption of fuel oil And, even though there ls a plan an~ a used to generate electricity. timetable, there's no starting date for an;- of Nation, have lost a man who, in the 20 Finally, the Senate bill exempts any steps 1t. It is dependent on financing. Indeed, the years he served, was an able legislator ta.ken during the fuel shortage from the re­ railroad is candid to say that it has no ,dea and an honorable statesman. ouirements of the National Environmental when the plan could get under way. Obvi­ Policy Act. I believe that instead the law ously, there's the ever-present hope of fed­ should contain a requirement that any chal­ eral aid or subsidies as well as assistance by lenge under the National Environmental Pol­ states tn trying to presen-e a railroad sys­ NATION'S ENERGY PROBLEMS ley Act be commenced within 30 days after tem vital to the well-being of a nation. the announcement of the proposed Federal Here on Delmarva, it is unthinkable that determination and that any such action be the tracks will be allowed to rust a.way. 'Tet, given a preference in the Federal courts. In that is what is going on, despite vigorous HON. ELIZABETH HOLTZMAN OF NEW YORK my view a wholesale exemption from the efforts by local groups to prod both the rail­ mandate of NEPA for any decision related to road and government on the problem. While IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the need to alleviate fuel shortages would service deteriorates. Tuesday, December 4, 1973 create a most unfortunate precedent and Here is the schedule for repairing Del­ would weaken the effectiveness of that im­ marva track-the ma.in line south of Salts­ Miss HOLTZMAN. Mr. Speaker, I re­ portant statute. bury, and the various branches. Presumably, c:mtly received a letter from the disting­ I hope you will agree as to the effectiveness the llne from Delmar to Wilmington could uished attorney general for the State of of the proposals contained in this letter and be retained, even though the branches are New York, Louis J. Lefkowitz, concern­ will take steps to add them to the pending lopped off: bill. I and my staff stand ready to assist fn Salisbury, Md.-Cape Charles, Va. (53 miles) ing the Nation's energy problems. He 3rd year of the eight-year plan. Seaford, Del.­ presents some most thoughtful proposals anv way possible. and I would like to recommend them to Best personal regards. Cambridge, Md. (41.8 miles) 3rd year. Mae­ Sincerely, sey, Md.-Centrevme, Md. (21: miles) 3rd year, the attention of my colleagues: LOUIS J. LEFKOWITZ, Harrington, Del-G~rgetown, Del.-Snow NOVEMBER 30, 1973, Attorney General. Hill, Md. (41 miles) 3rd year. Hon. ELIZABETH HOLTZMAN, Queen Anne, Md.-Denton, Md. (6 miles) House of Representatives, 3rd year. Massey, Md.-Chestertown, Md. (20.2 Washington, D.C. miles) 5th year. Queen Anne, Md.-Oxford, DEAR CONGRESSWOMAN HOLTZMAN: I am LOOKING TO THE PEO?LE FOR SO­ Md. (20 miles) 5th year. G~orgetown, Del.­ writing in connection with the pending bills LUTION TO ENERGY SHORTAGE Rehoboth Beach, Del. (22 miles) 7th year containing measures to deal with the fuel Kings Creek, Md.-Crisfield, Md. ( 15 miles) shortage, H.R. 11031. 11202, 11460. There are 7th year. certain fuel conservation measures which, HON. BILL ALEXANDER Efforts to put the wrecked Penn Central if added to this bill, would make a more OF ARKANSAS back on the track are going on in the court.s effective weapon in dealing with the Nation's IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and in Congress. Some states are Interested, energy problems. Maryland among them. Gov. Mandel and the ( 1) Emergency funding for rail transpor­ Tuesday, December 4, 1973 Economic Development Dept. are interested. tation would be the single most effective Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, in the Retention of most spur lines on the penin­ means of reducing overdependence on the sula. is vital to the future of this region. Yet, automobile and resulting unnecessary con­ next few months we in the Federal Gov­ our own State of Maryland Dept. of Trans­ sumption of gasoline. The public must be ernment are going to be caned on to portation reportedly has no pJlicy as yet for promptly provided an efficient alternative to make many decisions to regulate the con­ dealing with rail transportation. We're gomg the automobile in the many high-trafflc­ sumption of fuel in this country. To be to need more than just one group or anothP.r density areas where none exist. Federal funds successful, any of the programs that we getting up to proclaim the need for rail for urban mass transit under the Urban establish must have the support and the service yet lack the muscle and money to do Mass Transportation Act and for Amtrak cooperation of the American people, something about it. under the Intercity Rall Passenger Service many of whom are already voluntarily Act should be augmented by emergency funding to make possible increases in serv­ cutting down on the amount of fuel they ice and to avoid fare increases. In addition, use in their homes and offices. In any emergency funds should be specifically di­ decisions we may make. it is impera­ THE LATE THOMAS M. PELLY rected to Amtrak to provide rail service dur­ tive that we be keeping in mind the sug­ ing periods of peak travel to ski resorts, gestions and wishes of the people whom beaches and summer vacation areas such as we represent. Today I wish to share with HON. SAM STEIGER Cape Cod, the Adirondacks and the Berk­ you letters I have received from Mr. B. J. shires. This step a.lone would eliminate the OF ARIZONA Rosa. the superintendent of schools at co":lsumption of vast qu'.l.ntities of gasoline Mountain View, Ark., and Mr. William IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and would reduce air pollution and highway E. Edwards, the owner of a motel in Fort Thursday, November 29, 1973 congestion as well. (2) Federal funds should be advanced and Smith, Ark. I hope that my colleagues Mr. STEIGER of Arizona. Mr. Speak­ earmarked for the construction and pur­ will review their comments and sugges­ er, I wish to pay a final tribute to a good chase of railroad and subway passenger cars tions for possible sources of action. friend and a fine and dedicated Congress- and the modernization of trackage and sta- The letters follow: 39556 EXTENSIONS OF J,lEMARK.S December 4, 19 7.3 CONTINENTAL MOTEL, to Attract Travelers; thereby saving a great attitude still prevails in the Nixon admin!s­ November 21, 1973. amount of Energy. tratlon. Despite warnings signs fl.ashing Mr. WILLIAM V. ALEXANDER, 4. The lower speed would extend the time ~verywhere, the President put on a remark­ U .S. Congressman, of the Travelers on the road and help able display of ins-:>uciance a week ago when House of Representatives, stabilize the Motel Industry. he advisa-d the American peopl3 that a serious Washington, D.C. The successful achievement to the energy crunch could be avoided by reducing high­ DEAR Sm: I urge you to support the Presi­ Crisis is everyone's Responsibility. I hope the way spaeds, closing gas stations on Sundays, dent in all matters possible to insure unity ideas I submit to you will be of benefit in lowering thermostats, allocating fuel oil, and of both parties and to pursue a course of your search of successful solutions to our eliminating outdoor lighting. action to raise the esteem of the Nation, many problems. On the apparent assumption that we ne2d and to stop the wasteful spending of money Sincerely, a good-news sugar-coating on our cons: r v;::.­ in the overrated Watergate Case. It is far past WILLIAM E. EDWARDS, Owner. tion pill, the President also insists on his pre­ the time for the Congress and the President P.S. Stop unnecessary bussing of students. diction that the United St::i.tes will achieve to pursue a course that wlll get the Nation Savings unknown. "energy independence" by 1980, although we back on a. sound Economic basis. can find no one in the higher echelons of h is The course of action ta.ken in the cur­ l\10UNTAIN VIEW PUBLIC ScHOOL, administration who believes there is a!ly rent Energy Crisis c3.n be very treacherous Mountain View, Ark., November 14, 1973. hope of attaining such a goal. And he con­ to the Economy, Industry, and the small Hon. BILL ALEXANDER, t inues to m ake glowing promises about the Businessman. The Transportation Indust ry, U.S. Capitol, day when "We will once again have thoEe The Motel Industry and related industries Washington, D.C. plentiful supplies of inexpensive ea ­ are in jeopardy at this time and are worthy DEAR BILL: Although the energy crisis will ergy ...." of careful consideration. I would like to sub­ certainly present a serious situation and The truth is that th2 era of cheap energy mit a possible solution to a small part of bring hardships on many of us, I also be­ is ending, and th~ s:::ript for the 1970s, a the many problems for your perusal. lieve it is an opportunity for our leaders to script that reads "shortages and com:erva­ Use th3 Federal Highways, and the Inter­ use this situation to unite this country in a tlon," already h as bsen written. The energy states (or Interstat~s only) during the hours team effort to overcome a serious problem crisis is not temporary, and whether the of 7 P.M. to 7 A.M. exclusively for the within our country. We have b~en too waste­ President or any of the rest of us likes it or Trucking and Commercial Transporta..tion; ful and we have not taught our young people not, the oil binge is over. We will face Eerious and to use them from 7 A.M. to 7 P .M. for .!0 ta.ke care of what they have. energy shortages of various k inds for the re­ local and longdistance travel of Automcbile We have not taught them to appreciate m aining yea.rs of t h is century and dramatic Traffic. Exceptions to be made only in emer­ the conveniences they enjoy each day and economic and social changes that wlll affect gencies. consequently we have gotten ourselves into this country and the world. 1. The trucks require the 70-75 mph due a serious situation. Not since World War II In fairness to the President few politicians to scheduleing and gearing. has there been a sit uation where people in are willing to fat• the hard decisions about 2. The absence of Automobiles wm en­ this country could u n it e together a!ld the r ationing and other restrictive measures that able them to m !l.intain a more constant speed average citizen could be made to feel an will be necessary. and better economy with far more safety. iml') ortant p ::rt in solving n. seri::ms problem. W e arc a spoiled, self-indulgant so:::iety of 3. The lower Temperatures wm give them It is my hope t h at t h e leadership of this o:>timists that always has dem::i.nded m ::>re 5 to 10 percent better performance and lower count ry will use this situation as a method than is needed, as t h ou2h the wciety were their m:i.int. cost. They will get an addi­ of te:l.ching conservat ion and appreciation to bless:id with some special right to anything tional 10 to 20 percent longer tire life and t h e people of this country. it might take to make life more comfort::l.ble reduce the possible blowouts at the lower The Mountain View School will formulate an:J. con veni,m t. H1ghW3.Y Tem::, eratures. a plan involving student leaders and faculty So it is!l't very likely that we will face or 4. Th3 Trucks would be in the Freight Ter­ memb: rs that we will implement at an early listen t:> th:i Cassandra warnings now, any minals f er 103.ding and unloading during the date, to conserve energy and to teach appre­ more than we listened to two decades of working hours to secure more jobs. ciation for what we have on the part of our warnings about the rapidly diminishing oil 5. In the event that Local Haulers and faculty and students. supply. Trucks find it necessary to run during day­ With kindest personal regards, I am Some oilmen have begun to level with the light h-0urs they would be required to run Your very truly, American people, and we believe their war~1- at the redu::ed Aut omobile speeds. B. J. ROSA, ing:: should be taken seriously. In a rz.cent Automobiles: 7 A.M. to 7 P.M. Superintendent. speech at the University of Tex'.l.S, Robert 1. Reduce the speed to the requested 50- 60 o. Anderson, chairman of Atlantic Richfield mph speed and increase their mileage the Co., an oil leader not given to exaggeration , 15-20 percent. d ~scrib:::d the energy situation as not just 2. The Trucks would be off the highways THE ENERGY SHORTAGE serious but p otentially "cat3.Strophic." Warn­ and Reduce Congestion during the time in3 of an 8 or 9 percent u nemployment ra.te, workers travel; (to and from Work.). with possibly 8 m1llion out of work, in 1974 3. In the event of rationing of gasoline the unless the Arab oil boycott is lifted. Ander­ Commercial Automobiles and salesmen HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN son said there is "nothing we c:in dq that traveling with special gas Allotments would OF MASSACHUSETTS will s:i.ve us from a m3,Jor a :id l'.lstlng change be curtailed from pleasure driving after 7 in the American life style-indezd in the P.M. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES whole American system." The oil cx'.lcutive 4. Pleasure driving and unnecessary travel­ Tuesday, December 4, 1973 was markedly pessimistic about the near­ ing by school age drivers and others would term outlook. He said it would be "tragic" if be curtailed, during the evening hours. Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, last Sun­ Americans believe the current energy crlsi3 5. The lower speeds and the absence of day's edition of the Washington Star­ can be solved by "nuclear power or solar trucks would improve the Safety Standards. News carried an excellent article on the power or any other kind of power save thb.t 6. Issuance of W.W. II type (A.B.C.T.) win­ energy shortage by former Congressman derived from old-fashioned c:::,mbustlon of dow stickers would serve as a deterrant for and Secretary of the Interior Stewart L. gas, oil and coal." the improper use of the vehicle during non Udall and freelance writer Charles N. An derson is right, big chan g:is aro ahe:ui, busin :ss hours. and most of them involve le3.ner life5tyles 7. The Commercial man and or Salesman Conconi. The energy crisis is uppermost for everyone. The swift e,ents of the energy so vital to all industries would have the use in the minds of all of us, and I am sure crisis are forcing us to recognize that, in of his vehicle and the necessary gasoline to the economic, social, and political con­ practic:i.l terms, there are yet no "sub:::ti­ successfully perform his job during normal sequences of this shortage of crisis pro­ tut:is'' for petroleum-and al.ternati, e business hours. portions will be prevasive and long term. s:>urces of energy are 20 to 30 ye:i.rs away. We The Motel Industry, Restaurant Industry I am sure that all of my colleagues are have been literally burning U!) the future as would be allowed to function in the normal anxious to have as much information though there were no tomorrow, and the 24 hour ca.pa.city which is necessary to be and as many points of view about the President must now admit that irretrievable successful. energy crtsis as possible, and for that "lead time" has been lost and cannot be re- 1. Some revenue would be derived from gainad. Truckers laying over during the daylight purpose, I commend for their review the From this point on, national prudence dic­ hours. following article: tates that we operate from the most con­ 2. The Commercial Traveler (to 50 to 70 [From the Washington Star-News, Dec. 2, servative set of a$umptions about the fu­ Percent lifeblood) would be available to the 1973] ture. Yet c·1r over-weening approach to Motels in the Night to enable the Motels to ENERGY survive without the Pleasure Seeking Tour­ "progress" stands in the way o! rational plan­ ists. (By Stewart L. Udall and Charles N. Conconi) ning. Instead of hoping for the best and pre­ 3. The Traveler would be in and off the road With a potential economic Pearl Harbor paring for the worst, we have been unwisely early in the evening and enable the Motels about 60 days away, it is Incredible that a preening ourselves on our ability to produce to cut off the Large Neon Signs, so necessary business-as-usual. slight-bump-in-the-road technological "miracles." December J, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39557 But we begin to perceive now that the Railroads would be subsidized and encour­ tirement, but this was not to be. We will phenomenal postwar American success story aged to produce a new generation of fast miss him. was founded far more on cheap oil than on trains that would shift much of our inter­ Mrs. Shriver joins me in expressing the storied American know-hew. The enor­ city passenger and freight traffic from high­ our heartfelt sympathy to Mrs. Pelly and mous quantities of cheap oil and gas which ways and aircraft to fuel-saving railways. were the real economic foundation of our Congress should enact a law, effective in their family in this time of great sorrow. postwar production splurge. 1975, that would mandate that no passenger The gluttonous oil appetite of the automo­ cars could be manufactured unless their bile, that eternal monument to inefficiency weight and horsepower are reduced suffi­ and waste, is the primary example of our ciently that a 25-miles-per-gallon perform­ CITIZEN INVOLVEMENT IN URBAN irresponsibility. It represented such a signifi­ ance is assured. PLANNING cant part of our lives that former General There would be many benefits to such a Motors President James Roche could say cutback on driving. The air pollution prob­ without fear oz being disputed: "I think the lems, which are prim:irily caused by the auto­ HON. WALTER E. FAUNTROY average American today would give up about mobile, would be reduced; a slowing of the OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA anything before he gives up his automobile." urb:m sprawl would save precious land; at With much of the nation's economic well least 15,000 lives would be saved annually, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES being tied to Detroit and its irrational ties and the dollar devaluation crisis could be Tuesday, December 4, 1973 to the energy-inefficient, gas-guzzling inter­ eased. nal combustion engine, the projections of The discipline and self restraint proposed Mr. FAUNTROY. Mr. Speaker, on Fri­ 179 million registered vehicles in the United by the President is, of course, necessary. The day, November 16, 1973, I had the priv­ States by 985 were welcome. Sinc3 roughly immediate future is going to be difficult and ilege of speaking before the National one-fifth of all jobs m the United States are economic setbacks are coming as a sensible Capital chapter of the American Insti­ directly or indirectly tied to the automobile, transition is made in creating a society that tute of Planners. I used this opportunity why shouldn't more cars obviously mean in­ is energy efficient and waste conscious. to express my strong belief that those af­ creased prosperity? A nation that bases any crucial national fected by urban development should be Such a growth projection, we now know, policy on myths is inviting disaster. We must is not even possible. The U.S. automotive cul­ stop living by our old illusions of omnipo­ allowed to take role in its planning. I ture is at a point of climax: there will never tence-or on the feckless assumption that have always considered this issue to be of be anything like it again in human history. Secret!l.ry Henry Ki3singer can through high importance and have consistently There is no way we can increase U.S. oil slelght of hand maneuvers get the Arab oil urged and fought for the largest possible production to supply the cars we want for taps turned on. measure of citizen participation in the ourselves in the 1970's, much less meet the planning of urban development and zon­ mindless 1980's goal of the automaniacs. And ing projects. I woQd like to share my with Arab oll skyrocketing toward a $10 per speech to the planners with my col­ barrel price, the "Arab alternative" is not TRIBUTE TO TOM PELLY viable even if the embargo is lifted! leagu3s in the House of Representatives we a.re depleting oil reserves at a fright­ as I am sure that it is a topic of interest ening pace-and even if the Arabs are pla­ to them. cated, foreign oil will never again be cheap, HON. GARNER E. SHRIVER The speech follows: nor will the highly touted Alaskan pipeline, OF KANSAS STATEMENT OF CONGRESSMAN WALTER E. draining the largest oil field in North Amer­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FAUNTROY BEFORE THE NATIONAL CAPITAL ica., give us more than a modest lift in the AREA CHAPTER OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE 1980's. Thursday, November 29, 1973 OF PLANNERS Strangely, there tc.re still a. few "boomer" Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, all of us I welcome this opportunity t:> meet and oilmen around who believe that, given fresh discuss with you some of the planning pos­ tax incentives, their industry can expand its were deeply saddened by the passing of s1b1litle.s which will arise from pass1ge of the drilling and bail us out. The oil industry has our good friend and former colleague in Home Rule Bill. Urban planning and de­ some right to boast about its exploration rec­ the House of Representatives, Tom Pelly. velopment, as ma.ny of you know, is for me ord. For more than four decades it has found Tom Pelly served his constituents in an avocation. From the time that I returned oil in the Arabian deserts, beneath the seas, the First District of the State of Wash­ to this city a.s the minister of my home 1n the Alaskan Arctic and 1n the back­ ington with distinction for two decades. church lo the inner city and was con­ country of Australia. And it is undoubtedly ·fronted with the short and long range effects true that new oil a.waits discovery. But the He fully understood what the term "representative" means to our form of of urbau renewal on this my native city, days of easy, cheap wildcatting are over, urban planning and development have teen as all oilmen know, and the environmental government, and his integrity and will­ a pas.3.ion !or me. After nearly five year.;; of and economic costs of tapping increasingly ingness to work hard at the job served study and preparation, I ca.me up with and hard-to-reach deposits will be great. The U.S. as an unforgettable example for us all. began implementing what I ca.ll the "Shaw oil industry wlll be doing very well in the Tom's service to his hometown of Urban Renewal Process." Therefore, I'm right next decade if it keeps our production near Seattle and the Puget Sound area began at home with the subject you've asked me to its current level. long before his "second career" as a leg­ address. Extracting modest quantities of oil from islator. His contributions to cultural and Before I discuss some specifics of the bill, Colorado oil shale may be possible in a few let me remind you of two important pre­ years, but no one b3lieves oil from oil shale commercial enterprises in the years sur­ requisl tes to meaningful planning that my can be more than a supplemental petroleum rounding World War II led to his being experience has taught me. re3ource in the 20th century. awarded the coveted "First Citizen of Flr3t, irrespective of the mechanism used, In short, there are no easy answers and no Seattle" honor in 1950. planners must talk with the people for technological quickie solutions. Nor will a Most of us, however, were more fami­ whom they are planning. This "people per­ super scientist or politician appear to break liar with his service as a highly respected spective" in the planning pr.:icess is essential the bondage of oil over our lives. Drastic re­ Member of Congress and a fighter for his for workable city development plans-thus, forms are needed-and the sooner we initiate my emphasis upon planning with and for them the better. district. Since I also have a Boeing Co. the people affected by community develop­ The first step might be an immediate 10- facility in my district, I well remember ment actions in the Shaw Renewal concept. cents per g.1llon federal tax on gasoline that, how Tom reacted whenever that com­ Second, planning must be comprehensive, although regressive in that it is borne most pany, with all its impact on the economy taken in the context of the needs and de­ heavily by low income people, could be ear­ of the Seattle area, was threatened with sires of the entire city. When I was develop­ marked for a special Emergency Transpor­ what he considered to be arbitrary and ing the planning concept for Shaw, I put it tation Fund. Such a fund, like the present unwise Federal actions. this way in a statement before the National Highway Trust Fund, could be used in a All of us also remember Tom's dedica­ Capital Planning Commission: crash program to develop an extensive, free, "Let us together fashion an attack upon or at least cheap public transportation sys­ tion to sound Federal fiscal policies and the problems of the Shaw area that would tem. his strong and articulate opposition to coordinate and concentrate all available Fed­ Existing intracity mass transit systems uncontrolled "backdoor" spending. We eral resources-in housing construction, in could b3 subsidized and the cities given bil­ need more like him, not less, in the job training, in health facilities, in recreation, lions to build and subsidize vers1tlle mass Congress. ln welfare programs, in education, tr3.Ilspor­ transit systems, including everything from ta.tion, and municipal services-to Improve bikeways to monorails with the goal of mak­ This was a man of strength, of hon­ both physical and social conditions for the ing one-man:..one-car transportation obsolete esty, courtesy. and decency. He served people who live and work there. Nothing less and making the second car an intolerable ex­ his constituents and his country well. He than such an approach, planned and carried pense. surely earned a long and rewarding re- out with the continuing pa.rtlclpation o! '" "' ·, /1. , 1 , 1 , • r , 1 ... . • r.-- ,4., ~ ~ . .._ .. ., .... 39558 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Dec.ember ·4, 1973 residents of the area can revitalize the Sec­ adoption by the City Council, the act must has developed housing and other land uses ond Precinct, U Street business· district. In then be submitted to the expanded NCPC could be operated as a non-profit corporation short, we want the area renewed both physi­ which has 60 days to review for their impact under a Boa.rd of Directors made up of local cally and socially by and for the people who on the federal establishment. If the NCPC citizens. It could be established through an presently live and work there." takes no action within that 60 days, the act act of Congress and operate to acquire, con­ The future of this city must be in the shall be enforced. If, however, the NCPC struct, reconstruct, rehabilltate or improve hands of all its citizens. The specific element certifies the plans have a negative impact, re£id,ential, ·commercial, ihdustrlal; public, of the planning process should be based on the Council may either accept the NCPC cult ural, recreat ional, .and transportation fa­ c:uefully thought through social and en­ recommendations and modify their plans, or cilities. vironmental objectives as well as economic reject the NCPC recommendations and re­ It should h ave the power t o clear, to plan, objectives. subm it its plans. The Commission then has to replan, build, reconstruct, and rehabilitate I would be among the first to agree that 30 days to do a second review. If the Coun­ substandard, insanitary or vacant areas. For there have been several bad planning de­ cil makes modifications, the Commission has these purposes, it should be able to spend cisions recently. In recent years, the ap­ 60 days for a secon d review. If following the public money and be able to acquire private pointed Mayor and the members of the City second review, the NCPC certifies a negative property through the exercise o! the power Council who serve on the Zoning Commis­ impact, th e act cannot be implemented. of eminent domain. It should pursue a policy sion have sought to convert the Commission Throu gh out this process, the citizens will for the Dlstrict of Columbia. to maximize a from its quasi-judicial functions into a tax h ave an opportunity to make their desires high level of urban design in preparation revenue office, handing out building rights, felt. The Mayor must hold public hearings be­ for the Bicentennial and to maximize a as if they were for sale, to developers prom­ fore submitting plans to the Council. The multitude of uses at Metro stations and in ising the highest short-range tax benefits. Council and the NCPC can each schedule other areas available !or private development This has meant. a wholesale repudiation of publlc hearings. It is my hope that the city including government employment sites. the idea o! a comprehensive plan for the officials will make the process as open a.s The Corporation should alm at developing District since the opportunity for speculative possible. It ls far better to err on the side of mixed-income communities, providing a f)rofits ls greatest i! high-rise office build­ citizen involvement than on the side of variety of housing and drawing upon a vari­ ings are constructed in a neighborhood expedience. ety of government programs: rent supple­ planned to be predominantly residential or Under this blll, the NCPC will have 12 ment, and below market interest rate mort­ low-density commercial. members: 7 ex-officio members (Secretary of gage subsidies together with private market Throughout the city, developers have Interior, Defense, the Administrator of the rents to get people of diverse income, ages, rushed in to buy cheap land and to propose GSA, the Mayor, the Council Chairman, Sen­ and family sizes together and in proximity high-rise developments in repudiation of the ate and House District Committee Chairmen) to transportation, shopping, and recreational comprehensive plan in the hopes of securing and 5 citizen members-3 appointed by the facilities. quick profits. Consistently, a. majority of the President, 2 by the Mayor, both of whom The Corporation should have all of the presently-appointed Zoning Commission has must be bona fide residents of D.C. One authority traditional for the exercise of pri­ given them a green light to do so. This was presidential-appointee must be from Mary­ vate powers and should be able to borrow true in Friendship Heights, in McLean land and one from Virginia. money, issue bonds and other obligations of Gardens, on Capitol Hill, on 14th and Penn­ In addition, the bill creates a 5-member indebtedness and to provide for the rights sylvania Avenue, S.E., and on the George­ Redevelopment Land Agency appointed by of the holders of those bonds and indebted­ town Waterfront, just to name a few of sev­ the Mayor with Council approval as an in­ . ness; it should be able to make and execute eral such cases. strumentality of the D.C. Government. The contracts, to acquire property and hold it Under the provisions of the Home Rule National Capital Housing Authority is trans­ . for immediate or future use, to improve or Bill, the Congress is about to approve, the ferred to the D.C. Government along with all rehabilitate it, to sell or sign. change, trans­ allocation of planning responsibility and au­ employees, property, and funds. fer, convey, lease, mortgage, or otherwise dis­ thority will become an executive staff func­ Under the bill, it will be possible for the pose of it; the UDC should be able to loan tion under the direct control of the elected city government to prepare its comprehen­ or grant monies, to conduct, assist, promote Mayor. The Bill specifically states that the sive plans on city-wide, service area, and sub­ and encourage technical assistance, ·social Mayor "shall be the central planning agency service area basis. It is most important that service consultant services, planning, re­ for the District of Columbia ...". The Mayor the initial planning and citizen involvement search, architectural, and engineering stud­ "shall be responsible for coordinating the be on the smallest geographical scale pos­ ies, and to manage a project or to enter into planning activities of the District Govern­ sible. agreement with others to undertake the ment and for preparing and implementing With elected officials and the authority for management; it should be able to invest the District elements of the comprehensive self-determination, the District Government funds, procure insurance, sell, lease, assign, plan for the national capital region, includ­ will finally have the authority, indeed the transfer, convey, exchange, mortgage or ing a multi-year program of public works mandate, to become responsible and respon­ otherwise dispose of or encumber any project. for the District. sive to the needs of this community. With a It could form satellite corporations in spe­ The main functions of the central plan­ const ituency for the first time, the elected cific neighborhoods and it could draw upon ning staff under the Mayor will be: leaders of this city will not only have the government programs such as "Title Seven" 1. Coordination of all physical, social, eco­ legal right of decision-making, but the polit­ of the 1970 Housing Acts and provisions nomic, redevelopment, and transportation ical incentive as well, and will no longer be available to publlc housing agencies and non­ planning of District Agencies. I hope that able to shift responsibility onto someone profit sponsors of moderate and low income "coordination" will be taken to mean in­ else's shoulders. It has always been a tempta­ housing. This Corporation should be able to volving agencies in the preparation of com­ tion to attempt to shift all responsibility to deal with buildings on a spot basis in resi­ prehensive plans as well as making sure that Congress because in actual fact, that's where dential areas or to undertake larger civic agency plans are consistent with overall plans much of the responsibllity has lain-much projects. and with the plans of other agencies; but not all. Next year, the city officials must To carry out this activity, the corporation 2. Preparation of comprehensive plans and face their constituencies. will need some front money from the Con­ sectional plans for citizen review and adop­ It wm now be the responsibility o! the gress to carry it through a formative period. tion by the Mayor and City Council and re­ Mayor to develop a human planning process, Thereafter, it should be able to issue bonds view by the NCPC; a planning process which can check the blind which· could be sold at public or private 3. Preparation of zoning text and map developer interest, a process which will re­ sales and may be exempt from tax. changes and preparation of case reviews for spond to the citizen's interests. Perhaps now The full faith and credit of the Corpo!"a­ the Zoning Commission and the Board o! we will be able to operate on the principle tion for all obligations shall be pledged in Zoning Adjustment; that government does not exist for profit, it the bonds and the monies could be held by 4. Provision of a framework for citizen exists for people. The most important aspect the U.S. Treasury Department. This Corpora­ participation in the planning/zoning process. of planning under home rule wlll be that the tion would be able to spearhead that initia­ This should include improved hearing and citizens will have an effective check on the tive for the people of the District of Co­ public notice procedures. The Bill specifically process through their power to elect, re-elect, lumbia which the President has indicated he states that public hearings must be held be­ or defeat those officials who hold the respon­ ls willing to leave to the people of local ju­ fore the Mayor submits planning recom­ sibility. risdictions. mendations to the City Council; Let me now turn to one aspect of the If the appointed leaders of this city are 5. Additional staff functions such as: re­ planning process which I think is most cru­ serious about dealing with the imperative view of federal projects for advice to D.C. cial to the future of our city: housing. The challenge of sub_~tandard housing in the NCPC Board Members, as well as· staff work District needs a. workable means to mount a. ·n1strtct, they will put their weight. publicly for D.C. representatives to COG and WMATA. coordinated and well-financed effort to meet and privately behind this legislation. If they The Mayor shall submit, following appro­ the housing problems confronting this city. , think this b-lll is inadequate, they have been priate public hearings, each District ele­ Recently, I introduced a blll that would · promising to submit legislation for several ment of the comprehensive plan and any creat.e an Urban Development Corporation in yea.rs now. Let's see it. If not, let's move on amendments thereto, to the City Council for the District. this bill-for the city's sake. Now is the ·time revision or modification, and adoption, by This Urban Development Corporation, for action for our city, not next year durlng act, following public hearings. Following final similar to the New York Corporation which an election campaign. December 4, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 395fi9 QUESTIONNAffiE 4A. DO YOU BELIEVE THE PRESIDENT IS INVOLVED IN 9. SHOULD WAGES, PRICES, RENTS, AND INTEREST RATES THE WATERGATE COVERUP BE CONTROLLED TO FIGHT INFLATION

Total His Hers HON. JOHN E. MOSS Total His Hers OF CALIFORNIA Total sample ______36, 913 18, 656 18, 2'.J7 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Total sample ______39, 239 19, 735 19,504 Percent..______100 100 100 Percent______100 100 100 Tuesday, December 4, 1973 A. Yes .. ------11, 897 10, 981 10, 916 2 15 Percent..______!:9. 3 58. 9 59. 8 Mr. MOSS. Mr. Speaker, early in No­ A. Ye~erceriC::::::::::::::::::: \~:i 1~:f 1\~~~ B. No______9, 5f.l 5, 265 4, 296 B. No ______5, 668 2, 902 2, 769 Percent______25. 9 28. 2 23. 5 vember, I again sent out my annual ques­ Percent______14. 4 14. 7 14. 6 C. Un1ecide·1 ______5, 455 2, 410 3, 045 tionnaire to determine the views of my 1, 942 Percent.. ______14.8 12. 9 16. 7 constituents on a number of major issues c. un;;~~~L:::::::::::::::::: 3, i~: 1, ::~ 9. 9 facing the Nation. The more than 40,000 10. SHOULD WE CONTINUE TO BUILD AND OPERATE NUCLEAR responses, which represent a remarkable 48. IF UNLAWFULLY INVOLVED, SHOULD HE BE IMPEACHED POWERPLANTS (SUCH AS RANCHO SECO) TO HELP MEET 20-percent return, have been tabulated OUR ENERGY NEEDS? by computer as follows: 19, 328 100 Totalsample ______37,C96 18,759 18,337 1. OF THE FOLLOWING ISSUES, WHICH DO YOU CONSIDER Percent______100.IJ 100.0 100.0 TO BE THE MOST IMPORTANT (CHOOSE AS MANY AS 5) 14, 122 73.1 A. Yes ______27, 963 14, 812 13, 151 3, 557 Percent______75. 4 79. 0 71. 7 Total His Hers 18. 4 B. No______4, 489 2, 047 2, 442 1, 649 Percent______12. 1 10. 9 13. 3 8. 5 C. Undecided ______4, 644 1, 900 2, 744 19,817 Percent______:___ 12. 5 10.1 15. O 100 15, 499 15, 468 4C. SHOULD THE PRESIDENT BE IMPEACHED IF HE REFUSES 11. WOULD YOU SUPPORT LEGISLATION DARRING SMOKING A. co:~~e~f~~:======:::: 307~~i 77.1 78.1 TO OBEY A COURf ORDER IN PUl3LIC PLACES SUCH AS RESTAURANTS, THEATERS, B. Crime ______16, 756 8, 194 8, 562 Percent______42. 0 40.8 43.2 PLANES, BUSES, TRAINS, AND OTHER CONFINED AREAS? 11, 123 10, 753 Total sample ____ ------38, 952 19, ~ig 19, 354 C. En:!~le~ts~~======2wg 55. 3 54. 3 Percent______100 100 D. Environment______14, 558 7, 266 7, 292 Total sample ______37, 435 18, 881 18, 554 Percent______36. 5 36.1 36.8 A. Yes ______26, 834 13, 591 13, 243 Percent______100. O 100. 0 100. O 9, 712 9, 254 Percent______ES. 9 69. 3 68. 4 48. 3 46. 7 8 A. Yes.------22, 698 ll, 143 11, 555 E. W~=~~:~t======13:,~~~ Percent______60. 6 59. 0 62. 3 4,868 5, 574 B. NoPerc'e'riC:======2f~g \f~: \~~~ B. No ______13, 033 6, 907 6, 126 . F. Dri:r::nut~~==::::::::::::::::: 102:~~ 24. 2 28.1 C. Undecided ______3,~55 1,807 2, 148 G. Federal tax reform ______16, 590 8, 929 7, 661 Percent______10. 1 9. 3 11.1 Percent______34. 8 36. 6 33. O Percent______41. 6 44.4 38. 7 C. Undecided______l, 704 831 873 Percent______4. 6 4. 4 4. 7 H. Consumer protection . ------11, 621 5, 650 5, 971 Percent______29. 1 28.1 30.1 I. Health care ______15, 465 7, 292 8, 173 5. ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH YOUR MAIL SERVICE Percent. ______38. 7 36. 3 41.2 12. SHOULD A JOURNALIST HAVE THE RIGHT TO PROTECT J. Education______8, 786 4, 128 4,658 HIS SOURCES? Percent______24. 0 20. 5 23. 5 18, 549 4, 793 4, 917 i~~~~~:_~~~======- 37,1~ii4 1\ig5 100 K. Un~~~!~~~~~======\~:g 23. 8 24. 8 A. Yes ______21, 960 11. 221 Total sample .. ------37, 237 18, 821 18, 416 L. Rising highway fatalities______3, 248 1,591 1,657 10, 739 Percent______100. O 100. O 100. O Percent______58. 5 59.1 57. 9 Percent______8.1 7. 9 8. 4 B. No ______13, 943 6, 981 Ranking: 6, 968 A. Yes ______. _____ 27, 710 13, 897 13, 813 His: A, C, E, G, B, I, D, H, F, Percent______37. 2 36. 8 37. 6 Percent__ __ : ______74. 4 73. 8 75. 0 1, 625 783 842 K, J, L. C. Undecided ______B. No ·------6,2( 8 3,380 2, 828 Hers: A, C, E, B, I, G, D, H, F, Percent______4. 3 4.1 4.5 Percent______------16. 7 18. 0 15. 4 K, J, L. C. Undecided ______3, 319 1, 544 1, 775 Percent______8. 9 8. 2 9. 6 6. SHOULD THE PRESIDENT BE PROHIBITED FROM IMPOUND· 2. HOW DO YOU RATE THE WORK OF CONGRESS THUS FAR ING FUNDS THAT HAVE BEEN VOTED BY CONGRESS FOR THIS YEAR 13. SHOULD THE UNITED STATES GIVE ECONOMIC AID TO SPECIFIC PROGRA:ViS NORTH VIETNAM? Total sample ______37, 992 19, 240 18, 752 Total samr.le ______37, 330 18, 891 Percent..._------100 100 100 18, 439 Total sample ______37, 374 18, 850 18, 524 Perceot._ ___ ------100 100 100 Percent.. ______100.0 100.0 100.0 A. Good______4, 320 2, 065 2,255 Percent______11. 4 10. 7 12.0 A. Yes. __ ------26, 375 13, 054 13, 321 A. Yes ______3,610 1,991 1, 619 B. Fair______18, 319 8, 856 9 Percent______70. 7 69. l 72. 2 Percent______9. 7 10. 6 8. 7 Percent______48. 2 46. 0 5i~~ 6. No.------8. 301 4, 650 3, 651 B. N:> ______30, 319 15, 372 14, 947 7,034 Percent______22. 2 24. 6 19.8 Percent.______81. 1 81. 5 C. Poor_------15, 353 8, 319 C. 2, 654 l, 187 80. 7 Percent______40. 4 43. 3 37. 5 Undecided ______1, 467 C. Undecide::l______3, 445 1, 487 1, 958 PercenL ------7.1 6. 3 8.0 Percent.______9. 2 7. 9 10.6

3A. HOW DO YOU RATE THE LEADERSHIP OF PRESIDENT 14. SHOULD WE CUT OUR MILITARY FORCES IN EUROPE? NIXON ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS 7. SHOULD NO-FAULT AUTO INSURANCE BE ADOPTED AS A NATIONAL POLICY Total sample ______37, 143 18, 758 18, 385 Total sample ______38, 739 19, 551 19, 188 Total sample ______36, 949 18, 716 18, 233 Percent.._------100. 0 100. O 100. 0 100 100 100 ---- Percent.. __ ------Percent.. ____ ------100 100 100 2 1 10 Effective ______17, 122 9,060 8,062 Yes. ______------______A. Yeiercent======\~~1 ~~1 A. Percent.. ______A. 24, 769 13, 179 11, 590 \;~i 44.2 46.3 42.0 Percent. ______67. 0 70.4 63. 6 B. No.------10, 685 5, 544 5, 141 Not effective ______14, 916 7, 517 7,399 Percent.______28. 8 29. 6 28. 0 B. B. No._ .... -----_ .. ----____ .. ___ 5, 388 2, 664 2, 724 C. Undecided______5, O'.JS 2, 128 2, 928 Percent_ ___ .------. ______38. 5 38. 4 38. 6 Percent. ______14. 6 14.2 14. 9 Undecided. ______. : ... __ . ____ 6, 701 2,974 3, 727 Percent______13. 6 11. 3 15. 9 c. Percent.. ______. __ c. Undecided.------6, 792 2, 873 3, 919 17. 3 15. 3 19. 4 Percent. ______._._. __ . 18. 4 15. 4 21.5 15. SHOULD WE CONTINUE TO SELL WHEAT AND OTHER 38. HOW DO YOU RATE THE LEADERSHIP OF PRESIDENT 8. SHOULD PART OF n:E HIGHWAY TRUST FUND BE DI- FOOD PRODUCTS TO RUSSIA AND CHINA, EVEN IF IT NIXON ON DOMESTIC AFFAIRS VERTED FROM ROADBUILDING TO HELP FINANCE LOCAL MEANS POSSIBLE SHORTAGES AND HIGHER PRICES TRANSIT SYSTEMS AT HOME? Total sample. ______38, 040 19, 214 18, 826 Percent______100 100 100 Total sample ______37, 094 18, 780 18, 314 Total sample ______37, 585 18, 944 18, 641 Percent______100 100 100 Percent. _------100. O 100. O 100. 0 A. Effective______4, 290 2, 222 2,068 A. 26, 123 13, 141 ===~ Percent______11. 3 11. 6 11. 0 Yes ______12, 982 A. Yes_------2, 497 1. 492 1, 005 Percent______70. 4 70. 0 70. 9 Percent______6.6 7. 9 5. 4 B. No::,~:~t~~~======307~~~ 1\~~: l\i~~ B. No.------8, 224 4, 471 3, 753 B. NJ ______33,368 16, 587 16, 781 C. Undecided______3, 602 1, 651 Percent______22. 2 23. 8 20.5 Percent. ______88. 8 87. 6 90. 0 Percent______9. 4 8. 6 \g~} C. Un:lecided______2, 747 1, 168 1, 579 C. Undecided______l, 720 865 855 Percent______7. 4 6. 2 8.6 Percent______4.6 4.5 4.6 39560 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 4, 1'973 16. DO YOU THINK THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IS PRO· the financial arrangement.s have not been "There is no labor shortage in Russia/' VIDING ADEQUATE MEDICAL CARE AND FINANCIAL completed. Leubert said, "consequently there ls no need ASSISTANCE TO THOSE IN NEED? However, they said the Export-Import Bank for any of the sophisticated devices or equip­ w-a.s expected to extend its "standard" terms ment available from Western countries. That Total His Hers which would range from eight to 15 years. includes such items as automatic needle The two firms wlll design and dellver an positioners, automatic thread cutting and acidic acid plant to be erected ln the Ukrain­ fabric transport systems. Total sample ______37, 406 18, 848 18, 558 ian city of Sverdlovsk. The plant will pro­ PercenL.______100 100 100 "In addition the work pace at the plants in duce 150,000 tons of acetic acid annually by those four countries ls considerably slower A. Yes ______9, 906 5, 308 4, 598 1978. Spokesmen explained that the chemical than in the U.S. In Yugoslav ia, productivity PercenL------26. 5 28. 2 24. 8 ls a. major "building block" of the petro­ is about 50 per cent of what it ls in the U.S., B. No ·------22, 908 11, 266 11, 642 chemical industry. and in Hungary it ls about 60 per cent. In Percent______61. 2 59. 8 62. 7 C. Undecided______4, 592 2, 274 2, 318 The acetic acid production process wa.s de­ Russia, it takes up to six hours to make an veloped recently by Monsanto and is used Percent..______12. 3 12. 0 12. 5 outerwear garment that takes about 1 :y4 at the firm's Texas City, Tex., plant, Soviet hours to make in the United States." engineers wlll be trained there before the The Russians, it ls believed, make some of Sverdlovsk factory begins production. their own sewing room equipment and buy RUSH TO THE SOVIET UNION some from East Germany. [From the D a.lly News Record, Nov. 26, 1973] The plant the mission vlsited in Yugoslavia. HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK Two u .s. FmMs PLAN PLANT FOR RUSSIA had 5,000 employes and fairly recent Italia.n­ (By Matthew Kasten) made machinery, some German-made and a OF omo _few Japanese. But work handling methods IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES NEW YORK.-Willcox & Gibbs, Inc., and an and the pace of operation weren't up to U.S. unnamed American producer of men's and Tuesday, December 4, 1973 standards. women's outerwear are planning to jointly The country ls seen as a very good market Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, a rush build a. turnkey manufacturing plant in for sewing machine sales. Russia.. Garments are being made for export to is on to see who can help the Soviets The plans are a result of a 14-day U.S. the most. Neither our Government nor Western Europe and to major department Apparel Trade Mission visit in October to stores throughout the U.S., he said. many in the business community seem to Belgrade, Budapest, Prague and Moscow. This one plant made a wide variety of prod­ be hesitant when it comes to building Alfred O P . Leubert, president and chief ucts-suits, slacks, sport coats, rainwear, and the Soviet Union. I have been pointing executive officer of Willcox & Gibbs, in reveal­ heavy outerwear. It ls Government owned out the direct links between the buildup ing the plans, said his firm and the outerwear on a. co-operative employe basis. Private of Soviet industry and the buildup of the producer, which he declined to identify, "see enterprise is permitted where a plant has Soviet military machine. eye-to-eye" on the project. Leubert plans 25-30 employes. Unfortunately, these warnings seem to to visit Russia again in about five months in In Hungary. the picture was not too dis­ line with the turnkey project. similar from Yugoslavia's. Equipment wasn't have fallen on deaf ears in the execu­ "It's a. market we can't say no to. The the latest available and material handling tive branch of the Government. The Russians are keenly interested in turnkey and quality control problems were evident. American people showed their disap­ programs. It's the big market for sales of The plant did only cut-and-trim work, and, proval of the Soviet wheat deal in letters sewing machin ery," he emphasized. as in Yugoslavia, pay was very low. Garments to congressional offices and a number of The other countries the group visited are were belng made for export to East and West other ways. Once, the full impact of pres­ more interested in exporting apparel prod­ European countries. ucts. The Russians are not producing enough Leubert noted that there were some U.S. ent moves in Soviet "trade" are felt, I apparel items for home consumption, he said. joint ventures in Yugoslavia, but that none do not doubt that there will be an even The mission was organized by the Ameri­ ls permitted in Hungary a.t this time al­ larger public outcry. can App:i.rel Manufacturers Association and though appllcatlons for them are being It seems that each week the news­ sponsored by the U.S. Department of Com­ taken. Leubert said he sees Hungary ripe for papers contain more articles on ex­ merce. It was said to be the first major U.S. a. joint venture involving Its Sunbra.nd trade mission in consumer goods to the operation. panded dealings with the Soviet Union. USSR and the other Ea.stern European The trade mission found Czechoslovakia. to Two recent deals are detailed below in countries. be in a highly depressed state because of its stories from the Washington Star-News Leubert said he feels Russian consumers political situation. of November 26, 1973 and from the Dally are putting pressure on the government to Styling was missing on the clothing items make more merchandise available and to put seen at Czech stores and Hungary retailers News Record of the same date. The Star­ more styling into apparel. showed more fashion-oriented items than News article details the building of plant "One of the Russian ministers asked one those in the other three countries, he said. manufacturing a chemical which is one of the American mission members why it was Although the group couldn't visit a gar­ of the building blocks of the petrochemi­ necess;iry for his shirt to have a stripe pat­ ment producing facmty, it was told ma­ cal industry. The texts of the articles tern," Leubert related. Before the American chinery used is made in Italy and in East could answer, Leubert s!ild, "the female Rus­ and West Germany. follow: sian interpreter asked the minister why the Wilcox & Gibbs. Leub.ert said, was able to (From the Washington star-News, Nov. 26, fashion stripe should not be there." arrange for a. sales representative in Czech­ 1973] There is a. very limited amount of apparel oslovakia.. U.S. FmMS To DELIVER FACTORY TO UKRAINE styling in Rus.5ia, although some young U.S. production know-how far exceeds that ST. Loms, Mo.-Monsa.nto Co. of St. Louis women were seen with fashionable hair found in the four countries toured and has and a. New Jersey firm signed a. $45 mlllton styles. Apparel plants operate under a five­ become an even more important factor in year plan in Russia. and manufacture a. recent years as the labor shortage-skilled agreement with the Soviet Union on Friday and unskllled--continues to worsen. for the design and the technology of a chem­ quantity of a product which must be almost ical plant in the U.S.S.R. completely sold out at the retail level before The $45 million covers the licensing fee it goes into production again, Leubert ex- plained. In addition, the quality of the mer­ for the technological rights from Monsanto WHBF EDITORIAL and the co.st of design and planning. Con­ chandise is poor and there appears to be no struction will be handled by Soviet construc­ quality control at the plants. Also, the prices are very high. There ls no tion ministries. relationship between production cost and Spokesmen for Monsanto and the Lummus HON. TOM RAILSBACK retail price. "We saw Yugoslavian-made ap­ OF ILLINOIS Co. of Bloomfield, N.J., said the deal was the parel priced way out of line," Leubert said. first between the United States and Russia The mission wasn't permitted to visit a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to involve a completely equipped produc,t;ion Russian apparel plant, but it ls believed the Tuesday, December 4, 1973 plant. Previous deals were for separate pieces of equipment only. plants do have good equipment. The prob- Mr. RAILSBACK. Mr. Speaker, re­ The deal was concluded with Techmash- lem there, as 1n plants the mission visited 1n cently I had the opportunity to review a Yugoslavia. and Hungary, ls that there is 1.mport, the Soviet agency re.sponsible for im­ WHBF editorial which was broadcast no knowhow, initiative, planning or utiliza- from Rock Island, m. Because I believe porting technologlcal processes. tion of equipment to the fullest capacity: . . . Under the agreement, the Soviet Union will The u s mission saw no automated sew- there lS a lot of truth In this broadcast, I provide a 10 percent down payment and the lng equl~~ent at sites it visited and be- ~ insert _it in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD rest wlli be financed in the United States. Ueves there a.re- none in any of the Russian immed1ate}y following my remarks for Spokesmen for the two American firms said plants. · the review and interest of my colleagues: December 4, 1973. EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39561

ONCE MORE, ONE WORLD they are willing to do their part and guages, and steeped himself in philoso­ (By Dick Gage) more. But I believe H.R. 11372 is a hasty phies and religious practices. NOVEMBER 27, 1973. and improper fuel conservation measure He was, it must be said, not only a While he labors on th.e fuel shortage, Pres­ with defects that, in the West, offset any rare human being but a complete man. ident Nixon talks of the years down the road. value. The wiser course would be to rec­ As the New York Times' December 2 of making the United States self-reliant for ognize regional differences and needs. editorial observed, this giant man of sources of energy in seven years. We trust Unfortunately, under the procedure of mind and courage believed: his thinking also touches eternity, for the suspension of the rules of the House, as Abstract thought and concrete action were hope o! coming generations all over this interdependent qualities of mankind, inex­ plundered planet lies in cooperative sharing we consider this bill today it cannot be amended. tricable; both were intoxicating, both were of all the resources that are left. fulfilling. Richard Nixon may be the man to get I hope the Senate will review and everybody working on it. amend it to take into account regional _ Mr. Speaker, the Buffalo Evening News He calls his American energy goal for 1980. differences such as those of the West. editorial of December 3 sheds further Project Independence. For the longer pull, light on Ben-Gurion's presence among we in the world are interdependent, each people tied to each other people by the us. At this point, I would like to include shortfall of so many materials that our rav­ it with my remarks: enous, superproductive society gobbles up. DAVID BEN-GURION: THE COURA­ BEN-GUBION-SYMBOL OF A NATION Crude oil and natural gas will be gone in GEOUS, EXTRAORDINARY STATES­ David Ben-Gurion waa Israel~ If any one perhaps 50 years, from all the world. Reserves MAN AND BUILDER OF MODERN man can be said to be the founder of a na­ of uranium 235 may last only 30 years; cop­ ISRAEL tion, he was that man. Mr. Ben-Gurion per, lead, zinc and tin, and the precious dreamed of the new land, he proclaimed its meta.ls will run out sooner. In 25 years, we'll birth and he led it as prime minister through be importing more than half of our raw ma­ HON. JACK F. KEMP its early struggles. Even in retirement, his terials, at frightening prices. _ OF NEW YORK guiding presence continued to be felt. If these dismal prospects are to be well From the age of 19, when he came to handled, all the world must participate. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES troubled Palestine from a Czarist-ruled Pol-' . Mr. Nixon, prideful in his rapport with Tuesday, December 4, 1973 ish town, Mr. Ben-Gurion llved and helped leaders around the globe, is one man who to create the history of IsraeL Like the Bibli· could begin Project Interdependence, an ex­ Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, Israel has cal David, he fought the giants, struggling ploration of how to preserve the constricting lost a gallant leader with the passing of against the Turks, the British and then the material world for all peoples. We can't think David Ben-Gurion, that brave nation's Arabs. ''Ben-Gurion" means "son of a lion of higher service. first Prime Minister. cub," and that, too, symbolized the spirit of And the world has lost an extraordi­ those early pioneers. As a young farm hand. nary and respected statesman. he worked in a kibbutz, helping to "make the Few men in contemporary times have desert bloom." and then he oversaw the FIFTY-FIVE MILES PER HOUR transformation of Israel into a modern in· made as great a contribution to human dustrial state. SPEED LIMIT WRONG FOR THE freedom and battled so heroically and WEST His resolute policles were often subject to successfully against such extraordinary controversy, especially his preemptive war in adversities as this great leader. 1956. His desire to triple the population of HON. JOHN MELCHER Ben-Gurion's unrelenting quests for a Israel stirred bitter Arab resentment. Mr. homeland for his people and lasting Ben-Gurlon saw, however, that Israel's final OF MONTANA destiny was to achieve peace with the Arabs. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES peace took varied forms. His efforts turned his dreams into realities. He was "Once we were at peace, and we worked to­ Tuesday,· December 4, 1973 gether," he recalled recently. a scholar, a skilled political leader, and Israel mourns his death at a time when it Mr. MELCHER. Mr. Speaker, I am a nation builder. also mourns the dead of the latest war and very disappointed in the action by the At an early age, he was imbued with when the nation faces further severe tests House Monday in passing H.R. 11372, his belief in the possibility of establish­ in the face of gathering Arab military and the Emergency National Maximum ing a Jewish State. diplomatic strength. Israel as a nation re­ Speed Limit Act, without regard for A native of Plonsk, Russian Poland, he tains his courage and strength of will. That 19 spirit may someday bring the final peace regional differences which might dras­ was years old when he and several Mr. Ben-Gurion envisioned. ticallY alter the effect of this legislation. friends journeyed to Palestine. Years Under the act, States which do not, which followed, found his footsteps in within 60 days, reduce speed limits on all such lands as Turkey, Great Britain, public highways to 55 miles per hour or the United States, and on the European "MURDER BY HANDGUN: THE CASE less would stand to have projects under Continent as he skillfully labored and FOR GUN CONTROL"-NO. 52 the Federal-Aid Highway Act rejected. organized for creation of a new Promised I oppose this legislation because I a.m not Land. at all certain that any fuel saved will off­ Finally, on May 14, 1948, he was able HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON set the impractical disadvantaged in to triumphantly proclaim the birth of OF MASSACHUSETTS Montana and other Western States. today's free, modern, and proud Israel. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In Montana, where there are both long. As Premier, Ben-Gurion not only led stretches of flat country with intermit­ his nation to victory in early battles for Tuesday, December 4, 1973 tent steep grades in moU11-tain areas, no survival and struggled to secure diplo­ Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, one has shown me where cars or trucks matic recognitions, but he set his fellow Raymond Carter was shot to death in operated for longer periods at 55 miles Israelis upon a course of national devel­ New York City last month. per hour are going to save more fuel opment which won worldwide respect. Five lines in the New York Times was than those same vehicles running at 60 Men and women put forth old and new his epitaph. or 65. In addition, I believe there ls going skills as farmers-soldiers, technicians, and educators as well as myriad other Nothing can make Raymond Carter's to be considerably worse mileage gotten death worthwhile; but gun control leg­ by trucks and buses which need more efforts in a nrution-building effort with­ islation can help prevent similar sense­ speed to keep from having to gear down out historic parallel. Under Ben-Gurion's less killings. on grades. leadership, Israel grew from a political entity into an enterprise for human dig­ Included below is the November 11 · Montanans know full well the absolute article from the New York Times: necessity of conserving fuel-whether it nity, superbly conceived with blending ingredients of idealism and practicality. A man fired five shots through the glass is to keep from being stalled on a bar­ door of a Harlem tavern at 570 Lenox Avenue, ren stretch of highway miles from Mr. Speaker, throughout Ben-Gurion's near 139th Street, at 2:30 a.m., killing Ray­ shelter, or to heat their homes when the tumultous lifetime, his pursuit for schol­ mond Carter, 42, of the same address, and outside temperature ls 20 below. And, arship never faltered. He authored more seriously wounding James Jennings, 35, of especially as we face a national crisis, than 15 books, mastered several lan- 176 West 137th Street. CXIX--2491-Part 30 39562 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 4, 1973 MINING impending mineral crisis? Because of in­ millions of .acres of forests destroyed by the creased population and consumer demands, moth in Oregon and Washington.) our mineral needs are rapidly increasing be­ 4. METAL PRICES OF LEAD AND ZINC yond our reserves. Nevertheless, our Congress HON. DICK SHOUP The Cost of Living Council under Phase IV OF MONTANA and State legislature continues to lock up land necessary for our mineral. needs. The controls the price of zinc at 19.8¢ per lb., IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wilderness Land Grant continues under the while Canadians sell zinc to American con­ Tuesday, December 4, 1973 direction of people who do not know and sumers at 0.28¢ per lb., and South Americans care less for the impending shortage of receive 0.42¢ per lb. from American consum­ Mr. SHOUP. Mr. Speaker, at a re­ minerals. ers--whlle the London meta.I price is 0.50¢ cently held public meeting in Thomp­ It may be only a warning but I wish to per lb. and, on Nov. 7th, 1973, reached 63.4¢ son Falls, Mont. sponsored by the impress upon my concern of a minerals crisis. per lb. Western Montana Mining Association, I Very little is · known geologically of this How can these government policies be con­ received several written statements ex­ area in Sanders County. Considerable ex­ ducive to a healthy mining industry in the pressing the feelings of the majority of ploration has taken place in the pa.st 10 United States with this kind of fuzzy think­ yea.rs, however little public· information is ing. The Congress is creating a metal crisis those in attendance. I would like to share within the near future. these thoughts with my colleagues and available to -the geology and - mineral po· tential in this county , on public lands, I 5. PUBLIC LANDS insert them to be printed in the RECORD: would like to see· a crash program by the While federal law states that the Forest PRESENTATION TO CONGRESSMAN SHOUP AT USGS to detail geologic map this pa.rt of Service shall foster and encourage the pros­ THOMPSON FALLS, MONT., NOVEMBER 20, Montana on a. 7% minute topographic map, pecting, discovery and development of min­ 1973 this should be a valuable tool in preparation ~ra.ls on federal lands, in most cases the op­ Congressman SHOUP, la.dies a.nd gentle­ for renewed exploration when the impend­ posite 1s true. We need this pointed out to man: On behalf of the Sanders County ing mineral shortage strikes. Time is impor­ these administrators of the public lands. Chapter of the Western Montana Mining As­ tant. Remember lag time from discovery to (Example-it took the Hiedelberg Mining sociation I a.m. Art Dettwiles and wish to production of mineral deposits is often 2 to 5 Company nine (9) yea.rs to get a. patented welcome you to this area again and thank yea.rs under the best circumstances. mill site on Rock Creek near Noxon.) you for your attention at previous sessions. It seems ridiculous to have the consumer 6. S.B. 268 AND H.R. 10294 As you are aware, our association has grown "protected" on one hand from increased from a. small group in Beaverhead and Madi­ prices and possible rationing on the other Both of these proposed pieces of legisla­ son Counties to over 600 active members in with eur government sponsored regulations. tion are very dangerous to the concept of 18 chapters throughout the State. This sud­ All this while we maintain a false price freeze private property rights. We oppose both of den growth was attributed to the threat to on metals. We cannot compete on the world these proposed pieces of legislation. We rec­ our way of life by an anti-business orien­ market in this manner while we know what ommend that any legislation on land-use tated State government and legislature, ad­ economic isolation will do to us. Prices go planning encompass the following: verse federal regulations administered by up on minerals because we have a scarcity. 1. Protect (as granted in the constitution) hostile bureaus and adverse attacks on our If we keep prices down artificially we stlfie an individual's right to own property, and industry by environmental groups. The as­ our domestic exploration and mineral de­ that it cannot be taken away from him with­ sociation has become aggressive in present­ velopment. Let us join the free world market out proper procedure and just coml_'.)ensation. ing our ca.use thru our lobbyist and active a.gain. 2. Encourage and assist the states to for­ members. We are continuing to grow and In closing I would like to support the mulate and im:i;>lement land-use plans. express our rights thru voting and pub- statement of the Sanders County Chapter of 3. Allocate planning money to the states licity. · the Western Montana. Mining Association. on a fair and equitable basis. I would like to bring to your attention 4. That ea.ch state be guaranteed ·to plan several points of interest and concern to our and imnlement their own land-use plan with­ SHOUP MEETING, out federal dictate, rules and regulations, or chapter. Thompson Falls, Mont., Nov. 20, 1973. 1. The wilderness area program continues domination. to remove land from our use which this STATEMENT-WESTERN MONTANA M!NiNG Respectfully submitted, AsSOCIATION nation can not afford. We wish to recom· WESLEY W. STEARNS, mend continued multiple use of o·ur lands Honorable Congressman Dick Shoup: The Director, Western Montana Mining As­ over an excessive lock up policy. Western Montana Mining Association appre­ sociation. 2. The 1872 mining law still continues to be ciates your meeting with the people of San­ basically sound and necessary for our future ders County here tonight. mineral needs. We recommend this concept Given this opportunity to make represent­ be maintained for private ownership instead ative government work, our association ls WALL STREET JOURNAL TO BE of reverting to public ownership of our min­ presenting a policy statement on the follow­ ing items for your consideration: PRINTED IN FLORIDA FOR SOUTH­ erals. It can be shown how mineral explora­ EAST AREA tion is stifled in other nations where this 1. REVENUE SHARING task was left up to the government. We favor general revenue sharing and the 3. We wish to a.sk you to do everything in present method of distribution to local gov­ HON. BILL GUNTER your power to help maintain a. healthy ernments. We hope that special revenue smelter industry. If we should lose our smelt­ sharing can be distributed under the same OF FLORIDA ers In this State and other States, the mining formula.. We oppose the regional concept of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES industry will be crippled in the same manner government in the United States and the Tuesday, December 4, 1973 the oil industry ls through shutdowns of re­ various states. It tends to destroy the federal, fineries and a consequent fuel shortage. state, local government concept, but worse Mr. GUNTER. Mr. Speaker, I want to 4. This chapter and Its members strongly yet, it gives people who are not duly elected bring to the attention of my colleagues recommend return to private gold ownership by the people too much authority in decision the opening of a new printing plant by by our citizens. We only wish to be allowed making, usually through rules and regula.. Dow Jones & Co., publishers for the Wall to be free to own gold as other free people tions-(not law). in the world and not be treated as second­ Street Journal in Orlando, Fla. As a cla.ss citizens. 2. GAS RATIONING representative of .central Florida, I am 5. In addition we feel the restrictions by The Congress through its actions, and in very pleased that my State will be able our bureaus of Issuing pa.tents for mineral certain cases inaction, created the energy to receive this fine publication the day it lands ls wrong. A policy of allowing private crisis, therefore we oppose any additional is published. I know the benefit that all ownership of mineral lands is urged. fuel tax reverting to the federal govern­ ment. the people of Florida will derive from 6. Again I wish to thank you for your this, and I welcome this addition to the attentive ear and becoming more a.ware of 3. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION A~ news community of the Southeast. our needs in Congress. Far too much power was given this govern­ I am enclosing the announcement of ment agency by the Congress. We recom­ this development which appeared re­ KNuTE KmKEBERG, mend that this a.ct be a.mended to: Thompson Hall, Mont., A. Create a better balance between the cently in the Wall Street Journal: November 20, 1973. economy and jobs, and the environment. (From the Wall Street Journal, Nov. 29, 1973) Congressman Shoup, ladies and gentle· B. That the environmentalists who insti­ WALL STREET JOURNAL PLANS PRINTING PLANT men: My name 1s Knu~ Kirkeberg. I am a tute legal action to delay projects, be made To SERVE SOUTHEAST--FACILITY AT ORLANDO, miner and a member of the Western Mon- . to furnish bond to help pay !or delayed costs FLA., SLATED FOR OPERATION IN EARLY 1975, tana. Mining Association. on unsuccessful cases. WILL BE 10TH PRINTING CENTER Today we are suddenly aware of an energy C. That the agency be held responsible for NEW YoRK.-Dow Jones & Co., publisher of crisis, but how many of you are aware of an their irresponsible decisions. (Example- The Wall Street Journal, bought 6.7 acres of December 4, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF-REMARKS 39563 land ln Orlando, Fla.• for the construction of It is perhaps particularly appropriate The shipments to Venezuela. and to the a new printing plant. that Millard Fillmore's marker should Netherlands Antilles represent oil moved to The facility is expected to be completed by be situated in the Old House Chaml,>er, these areas for the purposes of diluting crude late 1974 and in operation early in 1975. Land, oil to enable it to be moved and to reduce the building, and equipment costs will exceed $2 as it was during his Presidential term sulphur content of residual fuel oil. In each million, the company said. that the cornerstone was laid for the case the mixture was moved to the ea.st coast The Orlando plant, the 10th Journal print­ present location of the House Chamber, of the United States. We have no special ing center in the U.S., will be used to service and that the first known photograph of knowledge of the shipment to Japan, but its subscribers in Florida and other parts of the the Capitol was taken. small size indicates it was a special situation. Southeast. Ten million people a year visit our Na­ The shipments to Mexico follow a histori­ "We expect the Orlando plant to make tion's Capitol to see firsthand the site of cal pattern and are probably cross border prompt, morning-of-publication delivery pos­ the legislative branch of their Govern­ trade. The shipments to Europe occurred in sible for our many subscribers in Florida and the last two months and are of more concern. nearby states, and also to permit expansion ment. Historic Statuary Hall always can It is estimated that exports of all types of Journal circulation in the Southeast," be found filled with visitors studying the petroleum products during 1973 will be ap­ George W. Flynn, Dow Jones• vice president­ names and statues of the States' fore­ proximately 237,000 B/D. The United States operations, said. ..Subscribers in the area most citizens. It is most fitting that we imported approxim.a.tely 4.7 million barrels now have their papers flown in from our add the markers for the nine Members daily during 1972 and absent the Arab em­ plants in the Northeast, and because of the who also served in the executive branch bargo would have imported about 6.5 million distance and sometimes uncertain air and and so, in the words of the House report barrels per day during 1973. Of the 237 ,000 postal service, delivery is often delayed and accompanying House Resolution 605, B/D exported approximately 40 percent is erratic." coke and 18 percent 1s lubricating oil. A sub­ The Journals in the Orlando plant would "greatly enrich the Capitol itself and the stantial fraction is residual fuel oil of which be printed through the use of a. long-range experiences of the millions of Americans much has a high sulphur content. AU these facsimile transmission system originating, who visit it." latter commodities are surplus to the U.S. re­ under current plans, in Chicopee, Mass. A quirements. Goss Metro offset press, capable of producing Most of the quantities exported are surplus 60,000 papers an hour, will be installed in the to U.S. needs because of the nature of the new plant. product or the export follows a historical The plant will be located in Orlando Cen­ STOPPING PETROLEUM EXPORTS pattern. We believe these exports should be tral Park, an industrial development within continued. Also, in view of the fact that the the city. United States ls a substantial net importer of Dow Jones also publishes The National Ob­ HON. LOUIS C. WYMAN petroleum and petroleum. products any deci­ server, Barron's financial weekly, and the sion to restrict exports should receive very Dow Jones News Service. A subsidiary, Otta­ OF NEW HAMPSHmE careful consideration, because it would be in­ way Newspapers Inc., publishes 12 general­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES advisable to invite retaliation. clrculation dailies and five Sunday news­ Monday, December 3, 1973 The small volume of exports of products papers. that are apparently not surplus to U.S. needs Mr. WYMAN. Mr. Speaker, recent news have not as yet reached a volume constituting accounts of continuing U.S. petroleum a threat to U.S. supply; however, any ex-· PRESIDENT MILLARD FILLMORE exports have given rise to increasing port of this type for the purpose of profiteer­ STATUARY concern among my .constituents who are ing should not be permitted. Although no OF BUFFALO: HALL procedure presently exists which would per­ MARKER REMARKS OF MR. being asked to reduce oil consumption. At mit us to directly prohibit such exports, we DULSKI a time when thermostats are being lower­ are reviewing the possibility of using the ed, automobile trips curtailed. and the Mandatory Allocation Program to discourag~ possibility of gas rationing being dis­ such exports. HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI cussed, many ask why the United states If anything further is needed, please let OF NEW YORK is supplying scarce petroleum to others. us know. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES As is pointed out in the following mate­ Sincerely yours, J. RoY GOODEABLE, Tuesday, December 4, 1973 rial from the Office of Oil and Gas and Associate Director. the Energy Division of the Cost of Liv­ Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, I am very ing Council, some of the exported crude pleased with the approval of legislation HEATING On. ExPORTS-A 8TuDY PREPAJtED BY oil is returned to the United States as a THE ENERGY DIVISION, -OFFICE OF PRICE STA­ to authorize suitable markers in the floor refined product. Other petroleum exports­ BILIZATION COST OF LIVING COUNCU. of Statuary Hall for location of the desks are said to be genuinely surplus to do­ SUMMARY of nine former Members of the House of mestic needs. Representatives who became President. The available statistics combine No. 2 There is no denying the fact, how­ heating oil, No. 4 heating oil and light diesel The Honorable Millard Fillmore, who ever, that the United States does export fuel, all of which are cat.egorized together served in the 23d, 25th, 26th, and 27th a quantity of oil at a time when Ameri­ in the U.S. Government Schedule "B" of Congresses before becoming our 13th can citizens are being asked to do with­ Classifications. Statistics for No. 2 heatlng oil President, was from the district I have out. This is wrong. are not segregated, within the Schedule "B" the privilege of representing. Accordingly, I have introduced legis­ Classification. A self-educated man, Millard Fillmore The Comparative Analysis includes: lation to require a ban on all on exports (1) Domestic distillate production was apprenticed to a wool carder and unless the President determines that the clothdresser at the age of 15. He taught (2) Volume of distillate reports particular exported product is surplus (3) Sales value of exports school at Scott, N.Y., before being ad­ to United States needs. I urge my col­ (4) The average price per barrel of ex- mitted to the bar in 1823. He served in leagues on the House Banking and Cur­ ports the New York State Assembly and then rency Committee to consideration of this ( 5) Port of export was elected to the U.S. House of Repre­ bill as a matter of priority. (6) Destination sentatives. During the Mexican War he The report to me from the Office of Oil The available statistics do not segregate commanded a corps of Home Guard, exports which return to the United States and Gas and my bill are of relevance to after foreign processing. and was New York State controller from an understanding of this problem: 1848 to 1849. Federal Regulations do not allow U.S. Cen­ U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, sus Bureau, the agency responsible for this Elected to the second highest office in OFFICE OF OIL AND GAS, information. to divulge the identity of the the land on the ticket with Zachary Tay­ Washington, D.C. firms involved in these transactions. lor, Fillmore was sworn in as President Hon. Lours C. WYMAN. The export statistics from 1969 through less than a year and a half later, upon House of Representatives, August 1973 were included in this report Taylor's untimely death. · Washington, D.O. in order to compare tl;>.e 1973 projection to After completing his term of office in DEAR MR. WYMAN: Thank you for your let­ historical data.. the White House, he returned to Buffalo ter of November 14. 1973, concerning exports An analysis o! the available data reveals: where he was chancellor of the Univer- of petroleum. products. ( 1) That although projected 1973 totals. We have been watching very closely the re­ sity of Buffalo and resumed his law prac.. will more than double 1972 totals, a com­ ports of exports of distillates. The attached parison including the historical base reveals tice. He ls burled at Forest Lawn Ceme­ news release indicates . tlie quantities ex­ that .1972 was a depressed year in volume o:r: tery in Buffalo. ported aJld the receiving countries. ba.rrels.. · · 39564 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 4, 1973 (2) That since 1972 was a depressed year Since our average consumption of distil­ Does any other country in the world have in volume, the 1978 increase as compared lates ls 2,730,000 barrels daily it is re1:1,dily a plane to equal the Boeing Jumbo Jet, the to 1972 appears to be a return to a his­ apparent from the foregoing export statistics Lockheed Tristar or the Douglas 10? torical export level. that we are discussing a volume that ls more If so, y;hy don't they fly them? Why do (8) That since 1973 volumes do not ex­ than 800,000 barrels less than our average all the international lines except Russia fly ceed historical volumes, while 1978 prices daily consumption. American planes? do, the 1973 volume appears to be a contin­ Why does no other land on earth even H.R. 11684 consider putting a man or woman on the· uation of transactions with an historical moon? foundation. A bill to amend the Export Administration Act of 1969, to prohibit the export of oil You t alk about Japanese technocracy, and (4) That distillates amount to approxi­ from the United States until the Presi­ you get radios. You talk about German tech­ mately 22% of the U.S. refinery production dent determines that oil is no longer in nocracy, and you get automoblies. and that our annual export totals during the short supply You talk about American technocracy, and period studied range from .04 % to .2 % of Be it enacted by the Senate and House you find men on the moon-not once but the distillate production. of .Representatives of the United States of several times-and safely home again. (5) That each of the annual distillate ex­ America in Congress asse11_1.bled, That the Ex­ . You talk about scandals, and the Ameri­ cans put theirs right in .the store window port totals for the period studied are sub­ port Administration Act of 1969 (60 U.S.C. for everybody to look at. · App. 2401 et seq.) ls amended by redesignat­ stantially less than an average day's con­ Even their draft dodgers are not pursued sumption of distillates in the U.S. ing sections 10 through 14 as sections 11 through 15, respectively, and by inserting and hounded. They are here on our streets, and most of them-unless they are breaking ANALYSIS; DISTILLATE EXPORT VOLUMES FROM 1969 immediately after section 9 the following; Canadian laws-are getting American· dol­ THROUGH AUGUST 1973 AND A PROJECTION FOR THE "on, EXPORT PROHIBITION lars from Ma and Pa at home to spend ENTIRE YEAR 1973 "SEC. 10. (a) Notwithstanding any other here .. . . provisions of this Act and except as pro­ When the railways of France, Germany Volume Total Average vided by subsection (b), no oil may be ex­ and India were breaking down through age, Year (barrels) value per barrel ported from the United States until the it was the Americans who rebuilt them. President determines that it is not in short When the Penn Central Railroad went broke, 1969 ____ . --- ._ ·---- · 1, 859, 825 $6,567,645 $3.53 supply in the United States. nobody loaned it an old caboose. It is still 1970 __ ------1, 444, 525 4,329,902 3.00 "(b) The prohibition on the export of oil broke. 1971 __ ------1, 858,471 7, 909,468 4.25 described in subsection (a) shall not apply I can name you 5,000 times when the 1972 ___ ------448,433 1, 797, 960 4.01 January to August to oil exports to Canada and Mexico." Americans raced to the help of other people 1973 ______..; 850,067 4, 934, 185 5.80 in trouble. Can you name me even one time Projection 1973 ______1, 275, 101 7, 401, 278 5.80 when someone else raced to the Americans in trouble? I don't think there was outside help even PERCENTAGE RELATIONSHIP OF 1973 TO EACH OF THE AMERICA THE GENEROUS during the San Francisco earthquake. PRECEDING Our neighbors have faced it alone, and (In percent) I'm one Canadian who is damned tired of HON. HAROLD V. FROEHLICH hearing them kicked around. OF WISCONSIN They wm come out of this thing with Dollar IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Volume Total average their flag high. And when they do, they Year barrels value P.er barrel Tuesday, December 4, 1973 are entitled to thumb their nose at the lands that are gloating over their present troubles. Mr. FROEIIlJ:CH. Mr. Speaker, re­ I hope Canada is not one of these. 1973/1969 ____ ;. ___ ..;_~ 69 113 164 1973/1970 ______..; 88 171 · 193 cently one of my constituents sent me 1973/1971-. ______..; 69 94 136 1973/1972.______..; 284 the text of an editorial broadcast by Mr. 412 145 Gordon Sinclair of Toronto. It contains an important message for Americans who E-BONDS AS AN INVESTMENT MONTHLY VOLUME FOR JANUARY- AUGUST 1973 are obsessed and disheartened by our present difficulties. HON. EDITH GREEN Average As we look to the future, we cannot Volume price rest on our laurels. But we should not OF OREGON Month barrels per barrel paralyze ourselves with guilt or pessi-­ IN TIIE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mism. America is a great country. Let us Tuesday, December 4, 1973 January_------256, 618 $5. 01 not forget it. February.------..; 22,495 6.66 Mrs. GREEN of Oregon. Mr. Speaker, March ______· 4,429 3.95 The editorial follows: 123, 012 6.05 an article has recently been sent to me Apri'------· A.MERICA THE GENEROUS May •• ------­ 5, 586 4.43 by a constituent suggesting it would be June.-----. ------• ------196, 928 5.80 (By Gordon Sinclair) of general interest. It concerns U.S. Gov­ July ____ ------40, 926 5.44 August. •• ______200, 073 6. 73 This Canadian thinks it is time to speak ernment E-bonds. up for the Americans as the most generous and possibly the least appreciated people on Thousands of middle-income Ameri­ PERCENTAGE RELATIONSHIP OF THE EXPORT VOLUMES TO all the earth. cans are told by the Federal Government DISTILLATE PRODUCTION Germany, Japan and, to a lesser extent, each year that E-bonds are a good eco­ Britain and Italy were lifted out of the de­ nomic investment. They buy them ex­ Average bris of war by the Americans who poured pecting a reasonable return in their re­ Percent percent in billions of dollars and forgave other bil­ tirement years. Export of total distillate lions in debts. None of these countries ls to­ At this point in the RECORD I will in­ volume distillates of refiners day paying even the interest on its remain­ Year barrels produced produced sert the article prepared by the Boston ing debts to the United States. Consulting Group, an organization spe­ When the franc was in danger of collap­ 1971______;; 22.05 cializing in management and corporate 1972 ______1, 858, 471 0.2 sing in 1956, it was the Americans who prop­ 448,433 .04 22. 21 ped it up, and their reward was to be insulted consulting and planning: January/Jt1ne 1973 ______..; 609, 068 .1 22.30 and swindled on the streets of Paris. THE E-BOND AS AN INVESTMENT I was there. I saw it. The E-Bond is the U. S. Savings Bond for When distant cities are hit by earthquakes, the average person. He ls being mistreated. DESTINATION AND PORTS 1973 EXPORTS 1t is the United States that hurries in to The E-Bond is represented as a good invest­ help.... This spring, 59 American commu­ ment. It is not, it is one of the worst. Busi­ Volume nities (were) flattened by tornadoes. No­ nesses, banks, advertising media and busi­ Month Destination, port barrels body helped. nessmen are drafted to donate their services The Marshall Plan a.nd the Truman Policy to plug E-Bonds a.s a. "good investment." The pumped billions upon billions of dollars into power of the government 1s used to con the January _- - ~:t~~~a~d~e~~tiii!:,X-Galvesfo-n~:: iii: Mi discouraged countries. Now newspapers in common man. That ls immoral. It is not Tex. April______Mexico, Galveston, Tex ______.: 113, 647 those countries are writing about the de­ truth in advertising. . Denmark, Port Arthur, Tex ______cadent, warmongering Americans. E-Bonds pay far less interest than most June ______Mexico, Galveston, Tex______128, 695 I'd like to see just one of those countries government bonds. They pay far less than Japan, Seattle, Wash______60, 000 that is gloating over the erosion of the the prime rate. They pay far less than certifi­ August_ ___ Panama, Port Arthur, Tex ______..: 49, 228 Denmark, Port Arthur, Tex______148, 221 United States dollar build its own aµ-planes. cates of deposit. They pay less than any of Come on, let's hear it! the investments available to a larger or more December 4, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39565 knowledgeable investor. The E-Bond appears vised a project that will do its part in for energy increase or even stay the sattle, to be deliberate discrimination against the alleviating those three se.rious situations. our supply of fuels is either diminishing or small investor. The project in question is a recycling growing at an insufficient rate. There is much concern at present about What are the sources of energy? pensions for the average man. If he cannot center started by students at the Cana­ There are numerous sources of energy. save enough for his own old age, then in­ daigua Academy in the Ontario County These include evitably he becomes dependent on corporate community of Canadaigua. The center FOSSIL FUELS (NON-RENEWABLE) 2 pension plans or the government. If_ he is was opened years ago and has been a Oil-One of the most common fuel sources. self-employed, he really has little chance to total success. Coal-A fuel source of which there is a help himself. E-Bonds are a natural way That success and the continued op­ substantial supply. Until the past two dec­ for him to save for his retirement on his own eration of the center have been made ades this was one of the most common initiative. Yet E-Bonds pay less than infla­ tion plus the minimum income tax on their possible only by student involvement. The sources of energy. However, since coal burn­ income. It should not be necessary to be de­ center is entirely student-run. Residents ing has a severe effect on the environment pendent on either bureaucracy or corporate of the area, many coming from as much its use has been increasingly limited. largesse in retirement. as 15 or 20 miles away, bring their paper, Natural Gas--A low polluting source of Justice can be done. There can be truth to energy but one which has an extremely metal, and glass waste the miniplant. limited supply. in advertising. The E-Bond could be a good The students sort the garbage into sepa­ Propane Gas--An artificially produced gas investment. The average man and woman rate containers and then transport it to which is also in limited supply. could be permitted to provide for their larger factories and plants in the area own retirement income. Fair play and the OTHER ENERGY SOURCES good of the country as well as morality can where it is recycled. Solar Energy-This is energy from the be served by changing the E-Bond to make The plants pay the students for that sun. Since it is free and non-polluting it is 1t a good investment. Saving instead of delivery and so many have been made, potentially an ideal fuel source. spending is also the most potent of all wea­ the center has been able to buy a new Geothermal Energy-This is produced by pons against inflation. dump truck. natural heat created beneath the earth's The E-Bond should pay the highest in­ The students are to be congratulated surf.ace (the same type of heat which creates terest rate of any government bond or gov­ for their initiative and resourcefulness. volcanos and geysers). It results in little ernment backed bond. Why not? Who de­ It appears the center will continue to ex­ pollution but potentially damaging effects serves it more than the small investor? to the sub-surface of the earth a.re not fully E-Bonds should be tax exempt if they are pand and thus better serve the commu­ known. not cashed until after retirement age. Why nity. Hydro-electric Power-This is power cre­ not? Is there any reason to tax retirement Also to be congratulated are the prin­ ated by water and harnessed through the use or pensions? cipal of Canadaigua Academy, John Wil­ of dams. Much of our electricity is produced There is now a limit to the value of cox, and the faculty adviser for the proj­ this way. E-Bonds that can be owned by a person. Its ect, Stephen Austin, who teaches ecology Many environmentalists feel that it causes investment value is limited to the average at the academy. They can take a large damage to the natural life cycles of many person, not the well-to-do. E-Bonds are reg­ :fish and animals. istered in the name of the owner. E-bonds measure of credit for the success of the Nuclear power-There are several sources should be not only the safest but the best in­ project because of their encouragement of nuclear energy that are now in use or are vestment for· retirement in the full meaning and counsel to the students. being developed. Generally nuclear energy is of best investment. They should be the efficient and clean although the fuel sources cornerstone of everyone's personal retirement such as Uranium and Plutonium are rela­ planning to the limit permitted for each tively scarce. Environmentalists are con­ person by law. To justify this, the present EVERYTHING YOU ALWAYS WANT­ cerned about the vast quantities of water E-Bond would require radical improvement. ED TO KNOW ABOUT THE ENERGY used to cool traditional nuclear plants. This Perhaps the name as well as the terms water is often returned at higher tempera­ of E-Bonds should be changed. They started CRISIS AND WERE AFRAID TO tures which can effect the ecological balance life as War Bonds. Now they are Retirement ASK . in rivers. Experimental techniques such as Bonds. They should be made worthy of their the Nuclear Breeder Reactor and Thermo­ purpose. nuclear fusion could eliminate some of these Current interest rates (August 1973) HON. SAMUEL H. YOUNG problems. OF ll.LINOIS Chemical sources--These include fuel cells, Yield IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES commonly known as batteries where· chemi­ Percent cal energy is oonverted into electrical energy. E-Bonds ------5Y2 Tuesday, December 4, 1973 Savings Bank, 90 day deposits______53,4 Increasing use of fuel cells ( e.g. to power automobiles) has been developing. Savings certificates of First Federal of Mr. YOUNG of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, How can I help conserve energy? Lowell, Mass Five Year ______7.93 all of us in the Congress are receiving Everyone can do their share in conserving Six Year ______8.17 many requests from citizens in our dis­ energy by cutting down on unnecessary en­ Seven Year ______8. 43 tricts asking for suggestions as to what ergy-consuming activities and through better Prime Rate______9%, individuals can do to ease the energy utilization of existing sources. How can I use less energy in heating and Three Month Treasury Notes______8. 9 shortage. The attitude of cooperation Treasury 4's, 1980 February ______7. 55 that I find among the citizens of the cooling my home? U.S. Notes, 6% %, 1980 May ______7. 55 10th Illinois Oongressional District is A large portion of all energy used in the United States is consumed for heating and World Bank, 4%, %, 1980 November____ 8. 05 inspiring, and I am sure that other Con­ FNMA, 6.8%, 1975 September______8. 22 cooling homes and offices. Savings in fuel and gressmen are receiving the same com­ money could be made if the following tech­ AT&T, 83,4 %, 2000------8. 3 ments and requests, and that they are niques were used: Litton, 83,4 %, 1976------9. 4 similarly inspiring. Cutting heat loss through insulation-As Westinghouse, 8% %, 1995______8. 4 In to much as 30 % of fuel costs are lost through U.S. Treasury Notes, 7~ %, May 1974__ 8. 7 order be specific, members of my staff and myself collaborated to prepare heat that escapes through leaks and cracks BRUCE D. HENDERSON. the following document, which I would in windows, doors and other openings. This can be prevented by insulation, weather like to share with my colleagues: stripping, use of storm windows, and caulk­ EVERYTHING You ALWAYS WANTED To KNow ing. STUDENTS INITIATE RECYCLING ABOUT THE ENERGY CRISIS AND WERE AFRAID Close fireplace openings when not in use. CENTER To ASR Lower thermostats to 68 during the day and What is the Energy Crisis and why does it 60 at night. exist? To conserve air conditioning in the sum­ · The "energy crisis" is a critical shortage mer, light fixtures should be turned off where HON. WILLIAM F. WALSH of the basic fuels needed to provide power possible, draperies (preferably light colored OF NEW YORK for the machines that perform work for to repeal sunlight) should be closed, and mankind. Consumption of energy in the windows shaded from direct sunlight by IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES United States is the highest in the world. awnings or trees. Tuesday, December 4, 1973 We use 35% of the world's total energy How about transportation? Can use of although we only comprise 6% of the world's eµergy be cut down? Mr. WALSH. Mr. Speaker, in this world population. Unfortunately, energy demands · Americans are highly mobile people and of the three big crise~nergy, ecology, have been outpacing fuel supplies for some a great amount of all energy is consumed and economy-it is refreshing to ·learn tfrne, but many persons have only become by transportation. There are many ways you that a group of young people have de- aware of this quite recently. As our needs can help: 39566 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS · December 4, 19 73

· Form car pools. OSHA Bade cited OSHA regulations which not Use public transportation where possible. (By R. D. Patrick Ma.honey) only contradicted previous national stand­ Switch to a smaller car. A car weighing ards-such as those of the NFPA-but which 5,000 lbs. generally uses more fuel than a The statement by Congressman Charles Thone (R-Neb.), quoted in the Tribune's Oc­ also would result in the closure of oil storage compact car. Air conditioning and other plants or bulk plants located througp. mid­ power accessories use up more gasoline en­ tober 17 Occupational Safety and Health Act article, deserves repeating here: "It seems America and the South. ergy than cars without. In Bade's plant alone, according to Counsel Drive slower. As speed increases, so does that most of them (the Congressmen) couldn't make a. living back home ~der the Potvin, complla.nce with the regulations fuel consumption. The increase ls most sig­ "would necessitate his moving his entire nificant at speeds over 50 MPH for autos. laws they passed when they were back here in Congress. I think OSHA might be plant and building a new one, and it would Do not race your engine, accelerate slowly cost not less than $40,000. As a somewhat and turn the car off while waiting for more Exhibit A in that regard." Graham Purcell, former Democratic Con­ typical small Jobber, I think that gives you than a few minutes. a grasp of the order of magnitude we are Have your car tuned up and air filter gressman from Texas' Thirteenth District, has stated before the Select Committee on talking a.bout here." changed periodically. Keep tires properly in­ Then it was Barbe's turn. His testimony­ flated. Small Business: "Hidden officials within an executive department have worked their a-s an insurance man-was particularly ger­ Do home appliances use up much energy? mane because it has been the insurance How can this be helped? mysterious ways on it (OSHA), however, and turned it into a monster. We can put a. stop companies which have had to pay for the Home appliances use considerable energy. small businessmen's losses for failure to com­ Americans, due to our high standard of liv­ to it, and toward that end I respectfully urge t.ais subcommittee to move with all haste." ply with OSHA regulations. It is interesting ing and high degree of technology, have to note here that in his research, Barbe dis­ more electrical and gas powered appliances Bob Price, Republican Congressman from covered that 51 standards-with which OSHA than any other country. The next time you Texas' Eighteenth District who originally stated small businesses must comply-were use a.n appliance, ask yourself if the Job voted for OSHA, later reversed himself and not available. In fa.ct, Barbe noted, when could be done effectively without. In new testified against the Occupational Safety and Senator Curtis of Nebraska (who had ac­ purchases consider manual appllances (lawn­ Health Act on behalf of some eighteen oil cess to the entire fac11itles of the Library movers, toothbrushes, sciSsors, etc.) . Energy a.nd gas companies representing several thou­ of Congress) began to look for the regula­ used for major appliances such as washers sand small businessmen. It was his conten­ tions, he ca.me back with a. stack of OSHA and dishwashers can be conserved by wait­ tion that the countless regulations listed. in standards 48 .inches high. The Library of ing for full loads and using cold water cycles. OSHA would cause severe unemployment Congress, which ls responsible for reta.ining Gas powered appliances use less energy than and costly expenditures by small businesws every regulation that ever originated in gov­ electrical ones. Frost-free and double door in efforts to comply with regulations-regu­ ernment, could only come up with two­ refrigerators consume more energy than re­ lations which represented an almost total thirds of them. In fact, one of the OSHA frigerators without such conveniences. lack of knowledge of business operations on standards had been out of print since 1989 ! How else can energy be saved? the part of the administrators and enfor~ers. Barbe further observed: "The law includes Fluorescent lights are more efficient and Price further stated, referring to the men all small business people, but it does not last as much as 5 times longer than con­ he represented: "These men know more in include the federal government. When we ventional lighting. All non-essential light­ five minutes about the requirements than made these points that the Department of ing can be restricted. some of these field men that OSHA ls sending Labor, the Post Office Department, the fed­ Recycling of materials saves energy since out that a.re inexperienced, yet are threaten­ eral buildings, and a.II these buildings, do it takes less energy to recycle a product such ing these people with regulations in a rude not comply with the federal laws, the small a.s paper or aluminum than to manufacture manner." business people reacted very strongly in that it originally. By buying recycled products The prohibitive cost of refurbishing oil they have a police state telling them what to you are encouraging the conservation of en­ equipment to conform to OSHA standards is do but they don't even comply with the laws ergy a.swell as raw materials. best illustrated by an examination of one themselves." Be a discerning consumer. Avoid products particular OSHA regulation. This section re­ Barbe's statement ls quite accurate. In the that wear out quickly if a longer lasting quires that all cast iron valves on oil storage spring and summer of 1972, visitors to the substitute is available. Avoid unnecessary tanks be replaced with steel valves. Compli­ Cannon House Office Building noticed the power operated accessories on appliances ance with this regulation would mean that complete lack of propriety and safety. as and automobiles. Compare energy consump­ thousands upon thousands of these valves workers sand-blasted the Congressional Of­ tion of products you buy and ask dealers would have to be replaced-at a cost esti­ fice Building-with no guard rails, as work­ and manufacturers to provide this informa­ mated by Congressman Price of from $10 to men stood on wooden planks with question­ tion for you. $10,000 for ea.ch valve--despite the fact that able rope support and afforded practically no Man created the energy crisis and man these parts have absolutely no bearing on protection to either pedestrians or automo­ can solve it--through his own source of en­ safety. biles from the filthy sand permeating the air. ergy--creative energy. The most damning testimony on the Oc­ The cafeteria. in the Longworth House Of­ Investigate and support efforts to save en­ cupational Safety and Health Act ca.me on fice Building basement has some question­ ergy in your community: June 21, 1972, when there appeared before able health standards of its own; it's often a Burning of municipal trash is a poten­ the Select Committee on Small Business standoff to see who gets more food, the tial source of heat and electricity, that is Charles A. Bade, president of the Missouri cockroaches or the customers. currently being utilized in Europe and at 011 Jobbers Association; Gregg Potvin, Gen­ Subpart J, Section 1910.141 (c) (11) of the least one U.S. city. era.I Counsel of the National Oil Jobbers OSHA regulations states: "Toilet facilities so Schools, hospitals and other large faclli­ Council; and Lewis Barbe, then vice presi­ located that employees must use more than ties that generate their own electricity can dent of the Loss Control Division of Hous­ one floor-to-floor flight of stairs to or from recapture waste heat from the genera.ting ton Genera.I Insurance Company in Fort them are not considered readily accessible." If process to be utilized to heat its own build­ Worth. an agent from OSHA were to pay a visit to the ings. Barbe's testimony, dealing with conclu­ Library of Congress, he would have to come Certain procedures are available to con­ back with penalty papers in hand, as em­ vert organic wastes to gas and oil. sions gathered both from painstaking per­ sonal research and from a safety expert, was ployees there must make it up or down two Support efforts to study development and flights of stairs. particularly incriminating. Bade's 011 Job­ use of other sources of energy. Barbe's excerpts continued: "An employer Promote recycling efforts by ta.king news­ bers Council represented 75 % of all fuel does not have a chance to face his accusers. papers and bottles to recycling centers. oil sales and one-third of all auto­ Under the Department of Labor money, I motive gasoline sales in America. On behalf teach for the University of Minnesota. I teach of all the small businessmen-numbering basically union employees. I do not and have OSHA some 156,000--Bade commended the chair­ not received money to teach small busi­ man of the Select Committee on Small Bus­ nesses ... We do this at our own cost and HON. 0. C. FISHER iness for "leading this move to protect the raise our own funds. But the Department of nation's small businessmen against the un­ Labor grants money to train union em­ OF TEXAS warranted and ruinously expensive require­ ployees and provides the materials to teach IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ments of the Occupational Safety and Health a.n employee basically how to file a complaint Tuesday, December 4, 1973 Administration requirements." in secrecy against his employer. This is not Ba.de noted that under the mandate of right ... We requested copies of the train­ Mr. FISHER. Mr. Speaker, under leave OSHA, the Secretary of Labor was to set ing material from the Department of Labor to extend my remarks, I include a sec­ safety standards as promulgated by a na­ and what they gave to their inspectors and ond in a serie~ of thrte articles on OSHA, tionally recognized standards-producing or­ how to interpret these stanµards .. They de­ written by R. D. Patrick Mahoney, which ganization such as the National Fire Protec­ nied us this material ... said it was secret appeared in the November 7, 1973, issue tion Association. The NFPA had issued stand­ and confidential. If I or any other safety of the Texas Tribune. The article fol­ ards which Bade and thQSe he represented engineer recommended a change in work lows: had followed to the letter. environment, it is basic, fundamental and December 4, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39567 primary that we would do a system safety inspector who penalized him didn't even ing t he Time for which he was elected, be cost analysis. Why didn't the Department of have a copy of the federal regulation Gadar­ appointed to any civil Office under the Au­ Labor do such a study when they knew it ian violated-nor were any available. thority of the United States, which shall have was part of the recognized safety procedure? Concerning the 95 % of the small business­ been created, or the emoluments whereof "As an explicit example, take the regu­ men who don't appeal the decisions of the having been encreased durtng such time; ... lation on toilet sea.ts. The cost to change OSHA inspectors, the following testimony of The Congress increased the emoluments of toilet sea.ts has not been rescinded and will Walter Gerson, Director, Government Rela­ the Vice Presidency in P.L. 93-136 which cost us a. quarter of a billion dollars. (Ed. tions for the National Association of Plumb­ became effective on October 24, 1973. Accord­ note: This regulation states that all toilet ing-Heating-Cooling, is quite revealing: ingly, the clause quoted above on its face sea.ts that are round must be changed to "On one day we are told all about the ap­ bars Congressman Ford, and every other those with open fronts.) I persona.Uy was peals procedure that must be employed by a Congressman or Senator, from being ap­ told by underwriters at Lloyds of London contractor who feels that he has been un­ pointed to that office during his or her pres­ that they cannot insure against the whims fairly cited. On the same day we receive a ent term in the legislature. It may be that of the law enforcement officials at the De­ news release from the Occupational Safety the constitutional prohibition can be avoided partment of Labor. and Health Review Commission in which by legislative action repealing the increase "There is a purposeful, willful, malicious Chairman Robert D. Moran triumphantly in benefits; after such a. repeal, it is argu­ inflation of the accident statistics to indict proclaims that of 25,000 employers who have able, though not clear, that the office of the business and industry. If a. girl who is work­ been cited, 95 % have voluntarily paid the Vice Presidency would not be one whose ing in an office cuts her finger on a. piece of proposed penalty. He goes on to cite this as emoluments have been increased during the pa.per, and she cannot use that finger for the proof of the fairness of the Review Com­ present term.1 rest of the day, the employer has to fill out a mission's fair handling. We choose to believe First, a Vice President selected in the supplemental form, post it to a. log, and post that the fact that more firms do not appeal is manner set forth in the 25th Amendment is that to a summary. a function of their total confusion and de­ "appointed" within the meaning of the "La.st, but not least, why does the area spair. Certainly this is analogous to a local clause. The primary purpose of the clause director in Dallas make press releases and traffic court, where one rarely wins. Let's not was to preserve the independence of the legis­ call a TV news interview two days before the credit the Review Commission with this phe­ lature; the term "separation o!" powers" was employer even receives his citation? Does nomenon. During the first ten months of the invoked in the debates. The Framers sought not this destroy confidence in the law for current fiscal year, proposed penalties have to avoid the risk that Congressmen or Sena.­ small businesses . • . ?" amounted to a cool $1,711,995, representing tors might tailor their votes to the Presi­ In the first of his series of articles on 75,864 alleged violations in 18,449 citations." dent's wishes, in an effort to obtain desirable OSHA, mention was made of the Big Brother This phase closes as the nightmare of appointments for themselves. That risk tactic of "two steps forward and one back­ OSHA slowly reaches the lesser but still obviously J.las no application to an office ward." Perhaps legislators should recall the bothersome stage of insomnia. which is :filled, by elections, as the Vice justifl.ed pleading of Barbe in his concluding Presidency ordinarily is. Now that the Vice testimony before the Select Committee on President may be selected by the President Small Business: "Therefore, gentlemen, rather than by the electorate, however, the please stop what is going on and let's all MR. FORD AND THE EMOLUMENTS office becomes a prize within the power of the take two steps backward and abolish what CLAUSE Executive to confer, presenting precisely the we have done. And then take one step for­ same threat to legislative independence as ward and ~redo everything with logic and any other appointed office. reason. In other words, stop what is going on HON. ELIZABETH HOLTZMAN It is true that the 25th Amendment pro­ and go back and do it correctly and fairly OF NEW YORK vides that the President shall "nominate" with common sen_se." · rather than "appoint" the Vice President, Enter from stage left, the personages from IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES subject to confirma.yion of the nominee by a Washington who administer OSHA-the Sec­ Tuesday, December 4, 1973 majority of both Houses of Congress. Never­ retary and the Chairman of the Review Com­ theless, the President's role in this process mission. First, Assistant Secretary of Labor Ms. HOLTZMAN. Mr. Speaker, a ques­ is precisely the same as his role in the for OSHA George C. Guenther, who attempt­ tion has been raised about whether the selection of ambassadors and other officers ing to rebut 400 pages of opposing testimony, emoluments clause of the Constitution­ who a.re universally regarded as "appointed": stated: "This is a most difficult thing to get article I, section 6-will bar GERALD R. the President makes the initial selection, across to people, the approach that is low and that selection is subject to legislative key, responsible, reasonable, helpful, and at FORD from assuming the Vice-Presidency if confirmed by Congress. approval. While the President's selections the same time makes the point that the Wil­ must be confirmed by a majority of both liams-Steiger Act is here to stay and em­ This term, Congress passed Public Law ployers must make it their business to be­ 93-136, effective October 24, 1973, which Houses :n the case of the Vice President, and come more familiar . . . as cases are con­ by 2/ 3 of the Senate in the case of other raised certain civil service retirement officers, that difference does not change the tested, if they a.re-and as Chairman Moran benefits for Federal employees, including has observed, 95 % of the citations have not character of the President's role in the been contested by employers; only 5 % to the Vice President. We have been ad­ selection process. date have been contested-when they are vised by the Library of Congress that Second, the Vice Presidency is a "civil contested, adjustments may be made in the Public Law 93-136 probably constitutes office" within the meaning of the clause. If penalties." an "emolument" within the meaning of the clause said simply "any Office under the Then, appearing from the wings to upstage article I, section 6. Authority of the United States" there could Guenther, was his close friend from their The crucial question is therefore be no question about its application to the old days together in the Labor Department, whether Mr. FORD, if confirmed, will have office of the Vice President. "Any Office" is Chairman Robert D. Moran of the OSHA Re­ been "appointed to any civil office under the term used in the secon~ part of Article I, view Commission. He piously delivered his Section 6; that pa.rt bars Members of Con­ version: "As you know the Review Commis­ the authority of the United States" gress from holding "any Office under the sion's role under the Act is strictly adjudi­ within the meaning of the Constitution. United States" while they are also serving catory. We do not conduct, initial, or order Since the confirmation vote on Mr. in Congress. That prohibition sunly applies any inspections or workplaces. We are a court. FORD is scheduled for Thursday, I re­ to the Vice Presidency and the Presidency, We have no control over either t he kind or spectfully draw my colleagues' attention as well as to any other omce. number of cases that come to us for de­ to the following analysis of the constitu­ But while the bar on simultaneous service cision." tional question by Prof. Barbara Under­ extends to "any Office", the bar on subse­ Three pages later, Moran cited the impor­ quent service in a new or improved office tant case of a Newport Beach, California, wood of the Yale Law School. This anal­ extends only to " any civil Office." The prob­ boatyard owner which the Commission "ad­ ysis indicates that the Constitution may lem, then is to determine the purpose and judicated": "I am sure his case demonstrates well bar Mr. FORD from becoming Vice meaning of that limitation. The legislative that the Review Commission procedures are President, at least without remedial leg­ history of the clause makes it quite clear not so onerous that they prevent a small islation to nullify the increasd emolu­ that the limitation was designed to exclude businessman from obtaining justice when he ment. military officers. The clause represented a feels he has been wronged by an OSHA in­ compromise. Some participants in the debates spection. Let me conclude by saying that em­ The analysis follows: ployers have very substantial rights under IMPLICATIONS OF EMOLUMENT CLAUSE TO THE 1 Literally, of course, it would be the case the Occupational Safety and Health Act. They OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT that the emolument had been first increased are assured of due process of law at every The nomination of Congressman Gerald and then decreased. It seems fair to charac­ stage of the proceeding." Ford as Vice President of the United States terize that sequence of events, however, as A closer examination of the case of Blackie is barred by Article I, Section 6 of the Con­ an absence of needed change, but in the ab­ Ga.da.rian, the· boatyard owner in Newport stitution, at least unless steps a.re taken to sence of legislative action repealing the in­ Beach, reveals that he was cited because he remedy the difficulty. That clause provides: crease in benefits, the constitutional bar is didn't have a ladder nailed to his dock. The No Senators or Representatives shall, dur- plainly applicable. 39568 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 4, 1973 wanted to bar legislators fron:. "any Office," small and apparently independent gunrun­ when the buyers transferred the guns to and to make the bar absolute for a. fixed ning bands. two men in North Carolina, they violated period of time after the end of the legislator's The scale of the problems here is sketched Federal statutes. These laws were a.gain term. Others wanted no bar at all, for fear out in the statistics of Project Identifica­ broken when the men in North Carolina that it would deprive the nation of the serv­ tion, the just-completed study in which the trucked the weapons to three men in the ices of its most qualified leaders at some Treasury Department's Bureau of Alcohol, South Bronx, who sold the guns on the critical time. The result was a. limited bar, Tobacco a.nd Firearms traced the origins of street. leaving legislators free to tak.: any military 1,254 pistols confiscated by the police in SI.MILAR ARRESTS CITED office a.t a.11, because the new nation's military connection with a number of arrests made These three, identified as Edwin Acedado, needs were given the highest priority; the since last August. Jose Antonio Rosario and German Rosario, clause also left legislators free to take any Of this group, the Federal a.gents found were the alleged masterminds of the rings. non-military office, so long as that office that 953 had been purchased in other states, Along with the Southerners they were con­ was not either newly created or newly eight had been bought in other countries victed of conspiracy to violate the Federal enriched. and 242 were stolen from owners, dealers or gun law and sentenced to :five years in pris­ No contrary conclusion is suggested by the manufacturers all over the country. on. use of the term "civil Officers" in Article II, Of those coming from other states, 692, or The case was cited as typical by Micha.el Section 4. That clause provides for impeach­ 69 per cent, were bought from licensed gun LaPerch, special agent in charge of the Bu­ ment and conviction of "the President, Vice dealers in Florida, Georgia, South Carolina. reau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms unit President, and all civil Officers of the United and Virginia. Almost a.ll of these were so­ here. He said that arrests of similar rings States." The enumeration of the President ca.lled Saturday-night specials-the cheaply were running about 20 a. month here. and the Vice President was arguably redun­ ma.de ca.st-metal pistols whose manufacture As to who is buying such weapons, Deputy dant even a.t the time that it was written, and and sale is mega.I in New York City. Inspector Robert J. Howe o:f the police in­ ma.de simply to a.void ambiguity. Alterna­ According to Mayor Lindsay, long an ad­ telligence division, said: "It is fashionable tively, It is likely that the term "civil Officers" vocate of tightened Federal gun controls, in some areas of the city to have guns. It's connoted to the Framers one who held an the proliferation of such pistols here through not just the criminal element, but also peo­ appointed rather than an elective office. For illicit channels has paralleled a. tremendous ple who think that everyone around them purposes of the impeachment clause, it was increase in the criminal use of such weapons. has guns and feel they need something for one thing to provide a method by which It was the Mayor who requested the Federal protection." agency to do the gun-tracing study. Congress could remove appointed offi'Cer, and Steven Brill, an assistant to Mayor Lindsay another matter, worthy of explicit state­ The Mayor's office reports that In 1960 only who is City Hall's resident expert on guns ment, to authorize Congress to remove a.n 19 per cent of the city's total of 390 homi­ and gun control, said the situation has be­ officer who had been selected by the electoral cides involved pistols. Twelve yea.rs later the come so severe that in some areas o:f the process. Accordingly, the term "civil Officer" number of homicides had grown to 1,691 and city police responding to minor calls auto­ may not have included the Vice President at the percentage involving handguns to 49. matically assume that civilians may be a time when he could not be appointed. But No one knows just how many pistols there armed. are in the city. The Treasury Department a Vice President who is appointed is thereby "It happens all the time," Mr. Brill said. brought squarely within even this 11.mited estimates 1.3 mlllion, but other police and City Hall guesses range downward to 250,000. "Two men get into an argument because their reading of the original understanding of the dogs were fighting and one draws a gun and term. Whatever the total is, 28,000 belong to permit-holders who, after screening and in­ shoots the other, or a minor automobile vestigation, have been licensed by the police. accident ends with one guy shooting the The rest a.re lllegally owned. other." BAN THE HANDGUN-VIII Mr. Brill said that retail outlets for the HISTORY OF ONE RING illicit gun trade were almost everywhere­ How these unregistered guns got here a.nd bars, juice bars, social clubs. are continuing to get here can be seen ill The Mayor, the Police Commissioner and HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM the case history of one gunrunning ring that, major police officials believe that increased OF NEW YORK according to Federal officials, transported Department and the new gun squad will cer­ IN THE HOUSE OF' REPRESENTATIVES 3,600 pistols to the New York area between tainly hurt the traffickers. But, they say, the February and October of last year. Authori­ only real remedy rests with Federal legisla­ Tuesday, December 4, 1973 ties estimate that the nine-member ring tion that will end once and :for all the crazy­ Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, the realized close to $300,000 in profits from this quilt of state and local guns laws, which lay senseless killing of thousands of people interstate bootlegging a.nd sale. at the basis of the black market here. Twenty-five of the guns sold here by this HOPEFUL SIGN SEEN each year by handguns can only be at­ ring have been confiscated by the police here tributed to the many avenues through from men they have arrested. These weapons Inspector Howe said that one hopeful sign which these weapons may be obtained. have been linked to one murder, two at­ has come in the passage recently in South Large gun manufacturers are not the tempted murders, an assault on a policeman Carolina, as well as in Illinois, of a "Fahren­ only ones profiting from the handgun and a dozen armed robberies. heit law," which prohibits the sale of hand­ The Federal and city police a.gents who guns that will melt at 800 degrees Fahren­ sales epidemic. Petty criminals are find­ heit. In effect, this bars the sale of the Satur­ ing the street comer gunrunning enter­ helped smash this band said that its opera­ tion began in Greenville, S.C. day night specials. prise highly lucrative in the quest for There, according to the authorities, four Law enforcement officials speculate that if the quick buck. An article in the Decem­ residents of South Carolina who had been these guns, assembled in the country from ber 2 New York Times reveals the futile recruited for the ring made weekly purchases foreign made parts, were to be outlawed gen­ efforts of the New York Police Depart­ of cheap .88-ca.llber pistols from Rufus erally, it would sharply dent the black ma.ket ment to end the illegal gun trade absent Roberts, a. dealer licensed to sell weapons sale of weapons. They reason that since qual­ under a 1968 Federal law. ity handguns retail :for a maximum of $100, Federal gun control legislation. black marketeers would have to sell them for The article fallows : South Carolina is one of 81 states that require no permit or license to buy a. pistol. about upward of $300 and they doubt that ILLEGAL MARKET IN PlsTOLS FOUND It is perfectly legal in these states for peo­ there would be many buyers at that price. FLOURISHING HERE ple to carry handguns strapped to their But the solution advocated most strenu­ (By Michael T. Kaufman) waist in plain view, and in Vennont it is legal ously by Mayor Lindsay is a nationwide re­ Rings of gunrunners a.re selling thousands to carry a. concealed weapon with no li­ striction on hand gun ownership, with licens­ of cheap pistols here in a lucrative black censing requirement. ing on the New York City model. He called market that according to a recent study, is However, under the 1968 Federal law, a the general policy of permissiveness on guns :flourishing in bars and on street corners of purchaser of a handgun anywhere in the "suicidal." the city. United States is obliged to sign Form 4473, To get a license to carry a. handgun in The firearms are for the most part pur­ declaring that he is not an alcoholic or a New York City the applicant must be finger­ chased in large lots in :four Southern states felon and has no history of mental illness. printed. He must also pass a. Police Depart­ at prices ranging from $15 to $25 each. They He must also show identification proving ment screening that denies a license to any­ are sold in New York City, which has the him to be a resident of the state, but no one with a felony or major misdemeanor most stringent gun laws in the country, for check is made on the buyer and no finger on his record, or who has a record of alcohol­ $90 to $150. prints are taken. The form is merely signed ism, drug addiction or s1.mllar instability. In an attempt to stop, or at least lessen, at the gun shop at the time of purchase. Mayor Lindsay pointed out that in Tokyo, the flow of such illegal weapons, the Police The four South Ca.rolin1ans signed such where the ownership of handguns is ab­ Department four weeks ago established a declarations as they made weekly purchases solutely illegal, only three people were mur­ special gun squad. Its undercover opera­ of as many as 600 Saturday night specials. dered with handguns in 1970. In that same tives are currently "making buys" on the Despite the large number of guns there wa.s year 538 people were killed with handguns streets, attempting to trace and break the nothing illegal about these sales, However, here. December 4, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39569: UNITED STATES ENTERTAINS Czechoslovakia. in 1968. He also has visited Al\.-iERICANS ROMANIAN COMMUNIST Russia's mortal enemy, China, and has ex­ changed cordla.l visits with Israel's Prime Minister Golda Meir. HON. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN Nevertheless, Ceausescu is a dedicated OF MARYLAND HON. JOHN R. RARICK Communist and has belonged to the party OF LOUISIANA since 1933, when he was 15 years old. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES Tuesday, December 4, 197 3 Tuesday, December 4, 1973 Mr. HOGAN. Mr. Speaker, my friends Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, the Red TRIBUTE TO THE HONORABLE at WWDC radio station have been broad­ Party boss of Romania, Nicolae Ceau­ LESLIE C. ARENDS casting some comments made last June sescu, is to be our national guest of by a Canadian radio announcer named honor this week. So the American people Gordon Sinclair. can expect to be told what a great friend Because they are even more appropri­ and independent Communist ruler he is. HON. JOHN J. ROONEY ate now than when they were made, I am Nevertheless, Ceausescu is a dedicated OF NEW YORK inserting them in the RECORD: Communist and has been one since 1933. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AMERICANS But he has not come to discuss the ab­ Tuesday, December 4, 1973 (By Gordon Sinclair) sence of a two-party political system in Mr. ROONEY of New York. Mr. The United States dollar took another his country or the suppression of free pounding on German, French and British speech and political prisoners. Rather, he Speaker, the recent announcement by exchanges this morning, hitting the lowest is to be praised for his great efforts 1n my colleague and good friend, the distin­ point ever known in West Germany. It has getting Dr. Kissinger into Peking and to guished gentleman from Illinois, the declined there by 41 % since 1971 and this be honored for his country's pro-Israel Honorable LESLIE c. ARENDS, that this ls Canadian thinks it is time to speak up for stance during the Middle East war. In to be his last term in this great and au­ the Americans as the most generous and pos­ gust body came to me, as I am sure it did sibly the lea.st-appreciated people in a.11 the fact, we are even told that he may dis­ earth. cuss the sale of Romanian petroleum to all of us, as a great shock. The decision of LEs ARENDS to leave the As long as sixty years ago, when I first products if the American people are started to read newspapers, I read of floods ready to meet his price. House of Representatives after nearly on the Yellow River and the Yangtse. Who I include a related newsclipping at this 40 years of service is a great loss to rushed in with men and money to help. The point: the people of Illinois, to this body, and to Americans did. (From the Washington Star-News, Dec. 3, the entire country. Few, if any, retire­ They have helped control floods on the 1973) ments in my time will be felt more deeply Nile, the Amazon, the Ganges and the Niger. or will be a greater loss to the House of Today, the rich bottomland of the Missis­ ROMANIA CHIEF SCORES WITH UNITED STATES Representatives than that of the won­ sippi ls under water and no foreign land has (By Jeremla.h O'Leary) derful and dedicated, knowledgeable and sent a dollar to help. Germany, Japan and, Romania's independent-minded President to a lesser extent, Britain and Italy, were Nicola.a Ceausescu arrives in Washington decent, friendly and humble gentleman liited out of the debris of war by the Ameri­ tomorrow to begin a two-day state visit here from Illinois. cans who poured in billions of dollars and followed by a whirlwind tour around the LES has served his country well in sev­ forgave other billions in debts. None of these United States. He leaves Dec. 10. eral fields of endeavor including service countries is today paying even the interest Ceausescu ls popular with President Nixon in the Navy during the First World War; on its remaining debts to the United States. and Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger as a district commander of the American When the franc was in danger of collapsing because he was instrumental in setting up Legion and :finally as a Member of the in 1956, it was the Americans who propped the new friendship between the United States U.S. House of Representatives. As a it up and their reward was to be insulted and China. Not only was Ceausescu helpful and swindled on the streets of Paris. I was in arranging Kissinger's first surprise mis­ Member of the House, he served on sev­ there. I saw it. sion to Peking, but his nation also was the eral important committees including the When distant cities are hit by earthquake, only member of the Warsaw Pact that did old House Committee on Military Affairs; it is the United States that hurries in to not sever relations with Israel after the 1967 on the House Committee on Armed Serv­ help .•. Manague, Nicaragua. is one of the, war. ices, and on the House Committee on most recent examples. So far this spring, 59 It ls understood that Ceausescu ls even Standards of Official Conduct. American communities have been flattened prepared to discuss sale of more refined pe­ With all of that Mr. Speaker, perhaps by tornadoes. Nobody has helped. troleum products from Romania if the price The Marsha.II Plan ... the Truman Policy ls right. LEs' greatest accomplishment was that • •. all pumped billions upon billions of dol­ The Romanian president arrives at Andrews he held the post of Republican Party lars into discouraged countries. Now news­ Air Force Base on a :fllght from Bucharest at whip here in the House for nearly 30 papers in those countries are writing about a.bout 3 p .m. tomorrow and will go directly years. While other members of the Re­ the decadent war-mongering Americans. to Ca.mp David, Md., to spend the night at publican leadership came and went, LEs rd like to see Just one of those countries the Presidentla.l retreat. was always there to provide the kind of that ls gloating over the erosion of the He will fly to the White House by heli­ United States dollar build its own airplanes. copter for a welcome ceremony on the lawn stability and internal leadership that is so important to a republic. Come on ... let's hear it! Does any other which the admlnlstration reportedly intends country in the world have a plane to equal to be enthusiastic. After conferring with I know of no more effective legislator the Boeing Jumbo Jet, the Lockheed Tristar Nixon after the formalities of the arrival than LEs, and know of no finer gentle­ or the Douglas 10? If so, why don't they fly ceremony, Ceausescu wlll stay at Blair House man than LES ARENDS. I know all of us them? Why do all international lines ex­ for two days. will miss him; the House will miss him cept Russia fly American planes? Why does Highlights of the visit will be a formal state dinner at the White House sessions and I will miss him. I hope it will be pos­ no other land on earth even consider putting with Secretary Kissinger. Later, Ceausescu sible for me to continue my personal a man or woman on the moon? will inspect a nuclear power installation in friendship with him in the years to come. You talk about Japanese technocracy and Wilmington, N.C., visit Cleveland, where Mr. Speaker, the State of Illinois will you get radios. You talk about German tech­ many former Romanians and descendants of lose a great advocate when LEs ARENDS nocracy and you get automobiles. You talk Romanians live, meet oil men in Houston, about American technocracy and you find retires. There has never been a greater men on the moon, not once, but several Texas, then go to Hartford, Conn., and Cape champion for his home State than LEs Canaveral, Fla. times ... and safely home again. You talk Nixon ls known to want to roll out the red ARENDS. about scandals and the Americans put theirs carpet for Ceausescu with special warmth Mr. Speaker, I extend to LES and to right in the st ore window for everybody to of welcome because in 1969 Nixon was the his lovely wife, Betty, sincere and best look at. Even the draft dodgers are not pur­ first United States President to visit wishes. I hope that it will be possible sued and hounded. They are here on our Romania. ceausescu came to Washington on for LES to continue in some way to con­ streets, most of them . . . unless they are a similar visit in October 1970, during which tribute to his State and his country all breaking Canadian laws ... are getting Nixon took great ca.re to underline Romania's of the knowledge and experience that he American dollars from Ma and Pa at home to policy of independence. spend here. No one, least of all the Russians, doubt has accumulated in his many years of When the Americans get out of this Ceausescu's militant independence. He was public service. In the meantime, LEs, bind . . . as th ey will • . • who could blame ln the forefront of those European leaders enjoy your retirement years. You have them if they said 'the Hell with the rest of in opposition to the Soviet invasion o! earned them. the world'. Let someone else buy the Israel 39570 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 4, 1973 bonds. Let someone else build or repair for­ demanded by the settling of a vast wil­ student an intensive summer session in eign dams or design foreign buildings that derness be orchestrated. Without them, won't shake apart in earthquakes. education theory and techniques before When the railways of France, Germany and nothing of what we have built could have he started teaching school in the fall. India. were breaking down through age, it been achieved. This was followed for the next 2 years was the Americans who rebuilt them. When In the settling of our land, and the with in-service training and summer ses­ the Pennsylvania Railroad and the New York conflicts that have robbed us of time sions which developed as a coordinated Central went broke, nobody loaned them an and energy throughout our history, cer­ program between the teacher, training old caboose. Both a.re still broke. I can name tain aspects of city life have fallen into school, and the local school district until to you 5,000 times when the Americans raced neglect. the person was certified as a regular to the help of other people in trouble. Our attention was twned to great Can you name me even one time when teacher. someone else raced to the Americans in tasks, the likes of which were unprece­ This law helped meet our need for new trouble? I don't think there was outside help dented in human history. Growth was teachers at that time, but 8 years later even during the San Francisco earthquake. often so rapid as to preclude planning. we have just the opposite set of condi:.. Our neighbours have faced it alone and This was not to the discredit of any one tions. There· is currently a declining I'm one Canadian who is damned tired of or more individuals, but rather charac­ number of schoolchildren and an excess hearing them kicked around. They will come teristic of the youth{ul American spirit number of prepared teachers. Some dis­ out of this thing with their flag high. And and the Nation which it spawned. But at tricts are being forced to release teach­ when they do, they are entitled to thumb last, the spirit of wilderness seems to their nose at the lands that a.re gloating over .ers already on the payroll due to declin­ their present troubles. have taken refuge in our cities, and we ing enrollments. I hope Canada is not one ·or these. But are obliged to refine them. My proposals will modify the Teacher there are many smug, self-righteous ca.­ In the final analysis, man, who built Corps to fit with this new reality. The nadians. And :finally, the American Red Cross the city will preserve the city, but only major emphasis of the new legislation was told at its 48th Annual Meeting in New through collective effort, depending upon will enable the corps to bring experienced Orleans this morning that it was broke. communication. In selecting cities as the teachers into the corps for retraining. This year's disasters ••• with the year less theme of "Thoughts of Man," and the The legislation will also support demon­ than half over ••. has taken it all and no­ written word as the form of comment on body ••• but nobody ••. has helped. stration projects which will allow better that theme, the Cotton Fiber Paper evaluation of new teaching techniques. Council has made a point worthy of con­ The corps will have a stronger research sideration. In a world of increasingly evaluation component so that more can complex and technological communica­ THOUGHTS OF MAN-1973 be learned about what works and what tions networks, a man with pen in hand does not work in the improvement of remains a singularly powerful expressive teacher training. The emphasis will con­ HON. SILVIO 0. CONTE entity. tinue to be on training teachers to work OF MASSACHUSETTS in poverty areas. These amendments IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would be effective in 1975. NEW LEGISLATION TO MODIFY THE Tuesday, December 4, 1973 This bill will help alleviate the new TEACHER CORPS PROGRAM educational problems in the United Mr. CONTE. Mr. Speaker, on Decem­ States today. Too often we merely count ber 5, "Thoughts of Man-1973," a the number of teachers in the classroom traveling exhibition sponsored by the HON. ALBERT H. QUIE and assume that our job is done. The Cotton Fiber Paper Council, many of OF MINNESOTA last maJor era in education posed the whose members are located within my IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES problems of growth. This era poses the congressional district, officially opens in more complex problem of educational Washington for a month-long public dis­ Tuesday, December 4, 1973 quality. The schools that need the most play at the Martin Luther King Memorial Mr. QUIE. Mr. Speaker, I am introduc­ help are those strapped by lack of funds Library. ing today a bill which will modify the such that they cannot afford the cost of The thoughts of more than 100 prom­ Teacher Corps pro~am. There are sev­ retraining on their own. The first step inent Americans, including many within eral reasons why this program, which is in developing educational quality is to this body, are communicated in the ven­ currently spending $37.5 million to train help these districts revitalize their teach­ erable form of the letter, and address new teachers should be modified to meet ers and their programs. All professionals themselves to the question, "Is there a current conditions. The modifications need the time and support to keep need for central cities in America's currently spending $37.5 million to train abreast of new techniques in their :fields. future?" already employed teachers as well as My bill will make it possible for working Critical and public acclaim for to continue training new teachers for teachers to take courses in universities "Thoughts of Man" has been widespread poverty areas. and colleges as well as in-service pro­ in the cities in which it has been viewed. The new program will continue the grams which have been designed and co­ By presenting an eclectic philosophical Teacher Corps program which has had ordinated to meet the express needs and overview of the city in American life, the · local school districts work with colleges concerns of the local school district. council, the trustees of the Martin Luther and universities in the area to develop This bill will also provide for better King Library and Mayor Walter Wash­ coordinated plans for training teacher­ :field research in teacher training tech­ ington, the cosponsors, have helped us interns. The basic change proposed by niques. This is an area which many peo­ to focus on perhaps the most significant this legislation is that already employed ple concerned with the quality of educa­ and far-reaching challenge facing our teachers can take part in the program tion feel can be improved. In the long Nation. The multifaceted complex of along with the interns. This program will run this type of research can pay high people, buildings, and the processes which be initiated at the request of local school returns by allowing us to see more clearly they are a part of, can here be examined districts which meet the conditions of what type of teacher training seems to and considered by those effected. need written into the original legislation. be most effective. Many times we do not It was Robert Frost, in his poem "The The original Teacher Corps law was believe something new will work until Gift Outright," read at the inauguration enacted on November 8, 1965. This was a we see for ourselves. These demonstra­ of President John F. Kennedy, who said, period -.1hen we did not have enough tions and evaluations will help dissemi- "The land was ours before we were the teachers to rr..eet our needs. The shortage nate the new and improved teaching land's." Without our cities, we would was most evident in the central cities techniques across the country and allow have been wholly unable to become the and the remote rural regions where pay teachers to see how they work in the land's. Scholars note that the rise of the was not as high and working conditions classroom. city is the hallmark of civilization, its were often not as attractive as they were I hope all of you will join me in sup­ organizational nucleus. From the very in the ::;uburban areas and the towns of porting this legislation which is so neces­ first, the development of the large Ameri­ America. The Teacher Corps was de­ sary in helping all our children receive can cities was an integral part of the signed to find college students who had the kind of training and education that development of the count~y. Only in' their not trained for a career in education, our country needs. Without insuring the establishment could the various transac­ but who were interested in becoming quality of teachers in our schools, we tions and cooperative efforts of millions teachers. The next step was to give the are shortchanging the future of America. December 4, 197.3 EXTEN.SIONS OF.REMARKS 39571 DAVID BEN-GURION not fea.r again." But the citizens of Ben­ H.R.- Gu:rion's Israel fear still. Neither he nor hia A bill to further the conduct of research, successors could gain the trust of their Arab development, and commercial demonstra­ HON. HENRY HELSTOSKI neighbors. Early on, Ben-Gurion had ac­ tions in geothermal energy technologies, to OF NEW JERSEY knowledged the need "to find the way_to the direct the National Science Foundation to heart of the Arab people." He never found fund basic and applied research relating IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that way. Could anyone? Was the fault in to geothermal energy, and to direct the Tuesday, December 4, 1973 Ben-Gurion's hard approach to the Arabs, in National Aeronautics and Space Adminis­ his zeal to give first priority, whatever the tration to carry out a program of demon­ Mr. HELSTOSKI. Mr. Speaker, one consequences, to providing a homeland for strations in technologies for commercial of the world's bTeatest statesmen, David Jews? Did Hitler's genocide leave any alter­ utilization of geothermal resources includ­ Ben-Gurion, died December 1 at the age natives? Could Arabs have accepted waves of ing hot dry rock and geopressured fields of 87. More than any other single indi­ Jews, or a Jewish state, under any con.di· Be it enacted by the Senate and House of vidual, he embom Roman capture in 70 A.D. Across which are presently being used have limited the intervening centuries of pain and travail, heat created by the burning of fossil total potential; but geothermal resources he believed, the Jewish people had dedicated fuels or by the splitting of uranium atoms which are different from those presently themselves to returning to their homeland. in a nuclear reactor. being used, and which have extremely large To serve and then to lead that movement, In a day where our conventional energy content, are known to exist; known as Zionism, became David Ben-Gur­ energy resources are rapidly dwindling, (6) some geothermal resources contain ion's mission, which· he pursued with an we must do all we can to encourage the energy other than heat; examples a.re meth­ aweing Old Testament relentlessness. A so­ ane and extremely high pressures available exploration and development of new upon release as kinetic energy; cialist who believed that Jews must redeem sources of energy. While geothermal their own land by their own labor, he be­ (7) some geothermal resources contain came head of the Palestinian Jewish labor energy will not provide immediate relief valuable byproducts such a.s potable water movement. The rise of Hitler sharpened his from the energy crisis of 1973, in several and mineral compounds which should be sense of the urgency of gathering more Jews years it will be an important resource. proce~ and recovered as na.tional re­ to Palestine, and of readying Palestine for Furthermore, unlike other power sources; more Jews. He knew that, if created at all, a sources, geothermal energy can provide (8) technologies a.re not presently avail­ Jewish state could not endure without ad­ us with virtually an unlimited reservoir able for the development of most of these­ ministrative infrastructure, foreign ties, and of potential power that will be pollu­ geothermal resources, but technologies for its own defense force. These he brought into the generation of electric energy from geo­ being, he and his group of extra.ordinary Rus­ tion free. thermal resources are potentially economdcal sian Jews. Ben-Gurion signed the document To date, the United States has not and environmentally desirable, and the de­ creating Israel on May 14, 1948, and became undertaken any significant, systematic velopment o! geothermal resources offers pos­ the first prime minister, leading the state exploration of geothermal energy. Under sibilities of process energy and other non­ through most of its first 15 tumultuous the provisions of this bill, the Director electric applications; yea.rs. He retired in 1963 to the desert kibbutz of the National Science Foundation will (9) much of the known geothermal re­ Sde Boker, there to model the lifestyle he sources exist on the public lands; and initiate and support basic research re­ (10) Federal financial assistance is neces­ valued most, pioneering. He died on Saturday In at age 87. lating to geothermal energy. addition, sary to encourage the extensive exploration, Few public men have ever lived a. life of the National Aeronautics and Space Ad­ research, and development in geothermal re­ the prophetic intensity and historical ministration will carry out a demonstra­ sources which will bring these teohnologies achievement of David Ben-Gurion. Certainly tion program for the development of the to the point of commercial application. no modern figure has been of more central commercial use of geothermal resources FUNDING OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY RESEARCH BY and comprehensive importance to the whole, so that our citizens may soon benefit NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION life of his people. In a real sense, Israel is his from this new power supply. SEC. 3. (a) Section 3 of the National Sci­ persona.I monument. But of course a. state I urge my colleagues to join me in ence Foundation Act of 1950 ( 42 U .S.C. 1862) is not a stone carved and polished in studio support of this measure so that we can is amended by redesigns.ting subsections (e) tranquillity. "We have been working to build and (f) as subsections (f) and (g), respec­ up our land," he told the remnants of Euro­ help to implement the President's goal tively. and by inserting after subsection {d) pean Jewry 1n 1946, "so that you may come of -energy independence by 1980. I in­ the following new subsection: there to live as decent human beings again clude the full text of my bill in the "(e) The Director shall initiate and sup­ among your own people and where you wlll RECORD, as follows: port basic and applied research relating to 39572 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS. December 4, 1973 geqthermal energy development, as pro· stratlon project under paragraph (3) the dle East oil by 1980. By 1985 or 1990 due vided in section 3(b) of the Geothermal Administration shall take such steps as may to their own immense reserves the So­ Energy Research, Development, and Com­ be necessary to dispose of all of the electric mercial Demonstration Act of 1973.". energy and other geothermal resource by­ viets could reduce their need of Arab oil (b) The Director of the National Science products of such project, in such manner and become self-sufficient. However, this Foundation is authorized and directed to and on such terms and conditions as the may not happen as the Soviets export oil initiate, support, and fund basic and applied Administration may determine to be feasible to Ea.stern Europe. This export keeps research activities related to geothermal and in support of the objectives of this Act. Eastern Europe dependent on the Soviet energy in support of the objectives of this (B) To the maximum extent possible the Union-a dependency the Soviet Union Act. These research activities shall, insofar disposition of byproducts under subpara­ wishes to maintain. Additionally, the So­ as practicable, support the new geothermal graph (A) shall be accomplished through viet Union exports oil and gas to West­ energy technologies demonstrated or to be the sale of such byproducts for commercial As demonstrated by the National Aeronautics utilization, on such terms and conditions ern Europe to earn hard currency. and Space Administration pursuant to sec­ and in accordance with such plans a.s the much a.s 30 percent of the hard currency tion 4 of this Act. For these purposes the Administration may. prescribe or develop. they earn may come from such exports. birector of the National Science Foundation (5) At the conclusion of the program un­ . Two other inhibiting factors in Soviet is authorized to utilize funds appropriated der this subsection or as soon thereafter as efforts to increase oil and gas production to the Foundation pursuant to law·or trans­ may be practicable, the Administration shall, are the shortage of investment capital ferred to it froin the National Aeronautics by sale, lease, or otherwise, dispose of all and the lack of technology and techno­ and Space Administration or other Federal projects undertaken pursuant to paragraph logical skill. The Soviets seem to have agencies. (3) (including mineral rights therein) on been unable to develop the advanced COMMERCIAL GEOTHERMAL ENERGY DEMONSTRA• such terxns and conditions as it determines to be reasonable, or, if the dispostion of a.nJ technology for extraction of their re­ TIONS BY NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE sources. Also, refinery capacity must be ADMINISTRATION such project or any part thereof on reason­ able terms and conditions is not possible or greatly expanded to handle any increase SEC. 4. (a) Section 203 of the National feasible, shall under appropriate contracts or in oil production. Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (42 U.S.C. other arrangements provide for the disposi­ 2473) is amended by redestgnating subsection We must remember that oil and other (b) as subsection (c), and by inserting imme­ tion of all of the electric energy and other energy sources are a vital part of any geothermal resource byproducts of such nation's military capacity. Factories diately after subsection (a) the following project or pa.rt thereof. new subsection: (6) In the conduct of its activities under which produce weapons need energy to "(b) The Administration shall initiate and this subsection, the Administration shall operate their equipment. The Soviet carry out commercial demonstrations and place pa.rticUlar emphasis upon the objective navy-considered to be the most modem conduct related activities (including re­ of assuring that the environment is effec­ in the world-needs oil to propel its de­ search and development) in geothermal en­ tively protected and that such activities do stroyers, submarines, transport ships, and ergy technology, as provided in section 4(b) not threaten the safety of persons or prop­ other vessels. Soviet tanks, troop vehicles, of the Geothermal Energy Research, De· erty; and the program under this subsection velopment, and Commercial Demonstration armored personnel carriers, and jeeps all shall include such special research and de­ need oil-be it engine oil, gasoline, or Act of 1973.". velopment as may be necessary for the (b) (1) The National Aeronautics and achievement of that objective. diesel fuel-to operate. The Soviet Air Space Administration (hereinafter in this · (7) (A) The Administration shall submit Force needs jet fuels to keep its Mig's section referred to as the "Administration") to the President and the Congress a.t lea.st in the air. Obviously petroleum and pe­ is authorized and directed to undertake and every six months during the period of the troleum products keep a military ma­ carry out a program, as provided in this sub· program under this section a full and com­ chine going. Soviet ships transporting section, for the development and demonstra• plete report of its activities under this sec­ weapons of war to Vietnam or the Middle tion of the commercial use of geothermal re· tion, including such projections and esti­ East were able to do so because the So­ sources for the production of energy in sup• mates as may be necessary to evaluate the port of the objectives of this Act. viets had the petroleum. progress of the program under this section history (2) The program under this subsection and to provide the basis for a.s accurate a Let us briefly look s.t the of the shall encompass research, development, com­ judgment as is possible concerning the ex­ Soviet petroleum industry and their de­ mercial demonstrations, and related a.ctivi· tent to which the objectives of this Act will velopment of technology. ties involving geothermal resource bases have been achieved by the close of such By 1900 the Caucasus oil fields of such as hot dry rock and geopressured zones. period. Russia were producing more crude oil (3) (A) In carrying out the program under (B) No later than one year after the close than the United States. After the Rus­ this subsection, the Administration ls au­ of the period of the program under this thorized to establish with respect to each sian Revolution due to lack of necessary section, the Administration shall submit to activity, many of the wells became a mix­ geothermal resource base involved a separate the President and the Congress a. final report demonstration project, which shall include, on its activities under this section, includ­ ture of oil and water. By 1922, half of as appropriate, all of the exploration, siting, ing its recommendations with respect to any the wells of the Baku field-the most im­ drilling, pilot plant construction and opera· further legislative, administrative, and other portant of the Caucasus fields-were idle tion, commercial demonstration plant con­ actions which should be ta.ken in support while the remainder were prcxlucing even struction and operation and other facilities of the objectives of this Act. greater quantities of water. and activities which may be necessary for (c) There are authorized to be appropri­ To solve the problems, Serebrovsky, the generation of electric energy and the ated to the Administration, for the first six utilization of geothermal resource byprod· Chairman of the Soviet petroleum com­ fiscal yea.rs begining after the date of the bine, had a solution. He stated: ucts. enactment of this Act, such sums, not ex­ (B) Plants and other real property utilized ceeding $80,000,000 in the aggregate, as may American capital is going to support us. or involved in any such project may be pur­ be necessary to carry out this section. The American firm International Barnsdall chased, leased, constructed, or otherwise Corporation has submitted a plan .... La.ck established or obtained by the Administra­ of equipment prevents us from increasing tion either directly, through its own facilities the production of the oil industry by our· and personnel, or under appropriate con­ selves. The American firm . • • will provide tracts or arrangements with other public or SOVIET OIL AND UNITED STATES the equipment, start drilling in the oil :fields private persons or agencies. TECHNOLOGY and organize the technical production of oil (C) Ba.sic and applied research needed for With deep pumps. or in connection with any demonstration The Barnsdall Corp. did what Sere­ project under this para.graph, and related HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK research and development activities, shall be brovsky said it would. Soviet oil drilling conducted or performed by the Administra­ OF OHIO technology changed from labor-in­ tion but shall be coordinated to the maxi· IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tensive methods to the American devel­ oped rotary drilling techniques. Similar mum extent possible with related activities Tuesday, December 4, 1973 of the National Science Foundation (particu­ advances were made in pumping larly those provided for in section S(b) of Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, with technology. this Act), the Department of the Interior, the energy shortage in the United States, Electrification came to these oil fields the Atomic Energy Commission, and other we should realize that the Soviet Union in the 1920's through Metropolitan­ appropriate public agencies and private en· is facing energy problems. At least one Vickers, Ltd.-United Kingdom, a sub­ tities. Western analyst forecasts the Soviet sidiary of Westinghouse, and the intro­ .(4) (A) During the conduct of any demon- Union will be a major consumer of Mid- duction of General Electric Products . December· 4, 19·73 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39573 Oil pipelines were built in the 1920's speaking of the United States receiving number of others from the South-that .from Western materials and by Western petroleum from the Soviets. The United is, in supporting a bill whose purpose is companies. Between the Russian Revolu­ States right now is suffering from an to help unemployed and underemployed _tion and 1930, 19 refineries and cracking Arab oil shut-off-an oil shut-off citizens, but who funding allocation for­ plants were built. One which was built being masterminded by Arab coun­ mula specifically does not include under­ under British technical supervision had tries previously considered friendly to employed persons. some units manufactured in the U.S.S.R. the United States such as Kuwait and The importance of underemployment In the early 1930's the Soviets began Saudia Arabia. The Soviet Union has in a State such as. North Carolina, which building their own refinery equipment never had such a history of friendship h as a large, rural, agricultural popula­ from Western designs. Progr~ss was slow .with the United States. Soviet aims in tion, cannot be stressed too greatly. and limited. In 1936 American refinery the Middle East, Southeast Asia, Cuba, Other major concerns expressed in the construction companies came back to Eastern Europe, and numerous other letter, concerns with which the House help the Soviets expand their refining places on this globe have been directly and Senate conferees need to deal, are capacity. Hydrogenation units ·were built counter to the interests of the United sharp reductions in funding levels fo1• by Universal Oil Products, an American States. The Soviets understand power North Carolina and the South and the company, to convert gasoline into avia­ and use it. American dependence on the very real possibility that H .R. 11010 will tion gasoline. Deliveries of refinery Soviets for energy supplies-be they pe­ gut the State's role as policy planner and equipment also were made after agree­ troleum or gas-would give the Soviets a coordinator of manpower services. ments were signed in 1945. very influential lever to use against the I expressed these reservations about The Soviet petroleum and energy in­ United States. If we wish to maintain H .R. 11010 to my distinguished colleagues dustry has been highly dependent on our freedom and even our national exist­ Hon. CARL PERKINS, committee chairman, Western technology including American. ence, this is a power that we do not want and Hon. DOMINICK DANIELS, subcommit­ On October 2, 1973, the American the Soviets to have. tee chairman, and others. The consensus Communist Party's newspaper Daily Who would be so foolish to think that was that the funding allocation formula World reported that the U.S.S.R. has the Soviets would treat us any better of the bill is far from perfect and that it placed orders and bought oil-extracting than the Arabs? Who is so foolish to does discriminate against North Carolina and other petroleum industry goods. think that Soviets would not use Ameri­ and some other States, particularly those Discussions have taken place and ten­ can dependence on Soviet gas or oil as a in the Southeast. I was assured by these tative agreements reached on the U.S. weapon-perhaps not today but surely gentlemen that they will work in the providing the technology to develop tomorrow-against American interests House-Senate Conference Committee to Siberian gas reserves. and even existence. improve the bill's formula as it affects A recent United States-Soviet trade We must not confuse the U.S. Govern­ the States in the Labor Department's conference sponsored by the National ment with the Soviet Government. The region IV. Association of Manufacturers included U.S. Government may be unwilling to use I think it is in order here to emphasize Soviet officials who discussed their desire trade with the Soviets as a weapon to - H.R. llOlO's faulty allocation formula for resource development, particularly in further American interests but the So­ with some figures. the oil and natural gas sectors. In these viets have never shown such unwilling­ It is estimated by the North Carolina areas, the Soviets are presently placing ness. The kulaks, the Russian Baptists, Manpower Council that, without a pov­ in the words of the "Proceedings" of the the Russian Jews, the dissidents have all erty factor in the formula, North Caro­ conference, "a heavy emphasis on the tasted Soviet power. Poland, Latvia, Es­ lina will lose $2.066 million in fiscal 1975. importation of advanced Western ma­ tonia, Lithuania, Hungary, Czechoslo­ Region ·IV, which includes North Caro­ chinery, equipment and technology." vakia-to mention a few-also have all lina, will face a total funding loss of Thus, the Soviets still need Western felt Soviet power. Let us not confuse our $17.26 million. technology for the development of their own proclivities with those of the Soviets. Here are the figures that I have been energy resources. ' The Soviets view our humaneness as provided by the North Carolina Man­ At· a time when refinery capacity weakness; our search for peace as a de­ power Development Corp. for region IV should be increased in the United States, sire to be manipulated for their own which is served by the Atlanta office of at a time when the United States should ends; our discussion of building their the Department of Labor: be involved in serious energy explora­ energy resources as a weapon to be used against us. tion at home, the U.S. Government and Fun ding, Fu nding. American businessmen are helping the Let us begin to look with realism at usi ng 3 using 4 Fun ding Soviets increase their energy· industry. Soviet needs and desires. Let us not con­ St ate factors! factors 2 loss Remember it takes petroleum ·to move fuse our own wishes with those of the a military machine. Trucks, tanks, air­ Soviets. And let us not think that the Al abama ______$13, 617, 000 $16, 507, 000 $2, 890, 000 Soviets want to help us out of our energy ______21 , 717, 000 23, 263, 000 1, 546, 000 planes and ships all need petroleum: Georgia______16, 456, 000 18, 286, 000 1, 830 , 000 One of the arguments put forth by the crisis. They want our help to make them­ Kentucky_------16, 286, 000 19, 108, 000 2, 822. 000 selves an even stronger threat to our Mississippi______8, 999, 000 11, 654, 000 2, 655, 000 proponents of building Soviet industry North Ca rolina ______18, 951, 000 21 , 017, 000 2, 066, 000 with American technology and credits is liberty, property, and even lives. South Carolina______11, 026, 000 12, 151, 000 1, 125, 000 that the United States can turn to the Tennessee______15, 924, 000 18, 251 , 000 2, 327, 000 Soviet Union for importation of petro­ Total loss region IV------17, 261, 000 leum and gas. Occidental Petroleum and COMPREHENSIVE MANPOWER ACT El Paso Natural Gas Co. signed a letter OF 1973 1 Us ing formula that includes the facto rs of labor force of intent with the Soviet Government to prior-yea r funding, and unemployment. ' develop Siberian gas fields. Financial 2 Using formula that includes t he above 3 factors and the support would have to come from a con­ HON. IKE F. ANDREWS factor of adult poverty. sortium of American banks plus the OF NORTH CAROLINA What these figures show is that, if backing of the U.S. Export-Import Bank. some form of poverty index is not in­ Once the fields were developed, the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tuesday, December 4, 1973 cluded in the allocation formula, the pur­ United States is supposed to receive gas. pose of manpower reform will not .be The gas would go first by pipeline to Mr. ANDREWS of North Carolina. Mr. achieved. This is not a parochial concern the Soviet coast and then by tanker to Speaker, on Wednesday, November 28, limited to my State or to the South; the American west coast. the House debated H.R. 11010, the Com­ rather, it is the heart of the legislation Questions have been raised as to the prehensive Manpower Act of 1973 and as intended. If poverty is dropped, you extent and the amount of Soviet reserves. during that debate I pointed out· 'some lose one of the elements of manpower The amount of energy resources that the reservations about this bill. reform. Indeed, without a poverty factor, U.S.S.R. may be able to supply might be . I read into the RECORD a letter to me you destroy the elements embodied in limited by growing internal domestic from Mr. George Autry, president of the the manpower-related efforts of the Of­ needs and commitments. North Carolina Manpower Development fice of Economic Opportunity. One reason not mentioned by many Corp. His letter addressed in some detail Adding to the problem, the House bill experts stands above all others when the problem that concerns me and a now contains only the two factors of 39574 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 4, 1973 prior-year funding and unemployment, colleagues' attention a letter which I ments of our nation will share the burden and the question looms even larger received from Edward G. Tripp, pub­ of the emergency. The alternative ls a dis­ whether the contemplated allocation lisher of Air Progress magazine, which I aster for an entire industry, with its attend­ formula will result in equitable distribu­ think adequately outlines the problems ant effect on thousands of individuals and tion of manpower funds to the States, of the general aviation industry: the economy as a whole. House Bill 11031 (H&-11450) ls before the especially those in the Southeast. NOVEMBER 27, 1973. Committee on Interstate a.nd Foreign Com­ Mr. Speaker, I would not be quite so Re House bill 11031. merce at this very moment. I hope the at­ concerned about this legislation if it Hon. STEWART B. McKINNEY, t ached am endmen t can be put on this bill. were not my conviction that it is indica­ House of Representatives, Because of t};le crisis nature of the legislation tive of the way in which the Congress Cannon Building, and the great pressure upon the Congress to often deprives States in the Southeast Washington, D .C. a.ct on it swiftly, I've barely outlined one of their fair share of Federal revenues. DEAR STEW: I'm deeply concerned about· aspect of its effect. Should you desire more, the President's statement on Sunday night. or more detailed, information, I'd be happy Please let me make it clear that I do It represents an immediate, disastrous eco­ to help in any way possible. not think any Member of this body is nomic impact on general aviation business­ Thank you for your interest and concern. guilty of any geographic discrimination. men and subsequent effects on many aspects Sincerely yours, of our national well-being. Rather, there seems to be somewhat of EDWARD G. TRIPP. an inability to comprehend the needs of The President singled out the many appli­ NEW CANAAN, CONN. the South and the methods by which cations of light aircraft for fuel allocation averaging a. 42.5 percent reduction. No other those needs can be met. user group of fossil fuels is so selected or The assurance that my colleague, Con­ restricted. gressman DANIELS, gave me on the House Genera.I aviation as an industry represents THE CACHE RIVER: WHAT THE floor last week represented a step toward nearly a. five billion dollar. contribution to FUSS IS ABOUT insuring geographic equality. Based on our national economy (and more than 220 this assurance, in which he said, "we will million dollars in export sales-a. consistent try to work out a formula which will be and significant contribution to our balance HON. BILL ALEXANDER of payments) and consists of many manu­ equitably spread amongst all the States,'' OF ARKANSAS I 11010 facturers and local service industries. voted for R.R. on final passage. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I am heartened by the assurance I In a brief discussion today of the immedi­ ate impact of the President's intent, several Tuesday, December 4, 1973 have been given that the House-Senate businessmen estimated their immediate re­ conferees . will work to develop a more duction in employment would reach 70 per­ Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, 1n re­ equitable formula when they meet on cent of their work force-more than 100,000 cent months I have received several in­ Wednesday and Thursday this week. Al­ jobs lost in less than six months. quiries from my colleagues from other though instant perfection is impossible, The economic uncertainty facing the in­ States regarding a drainage project lo­ I do hope that we can attain a better dustry as a result of fuel shortages has al­ cated primarily 1n the First Congres­ formula now and that the long-range ready been demonstrated thr,..ugh several sional District of Arkansas. Court action goal of developing the best possible fund­ million dollars of cancelled or deferred orders for equipment, suspension of plant and fa­ has temporarily halted work by the ing allocation formula will become a cility expansion in many parts of the coun­ Corps of Engineers on a plan to provide prime goal of the National Institute of try and Withdrawal of research and develop­ drainage for the Cache River-Bayou De­ Manpower Policy set forth in title IV of ment programs. View basin until a new environmental the bill. Many aviation businessmen are small, local impact statement is filed. Both the House Further, I hope that the conferees will operators who depend upon fuel services and and Senate passed authorization last report out a bill agreeable to all of us related business to remain viable and sol­ year for purchase of land and easements who are working to see that the compre­ vent. They employ an average of thirteen people and are the sole air transportation for mitigation purposes in the basin. hensive manpower legislation of 1973 is However, the provisions were included in of lasting benefit to the economically dis­ link for thousands of small communities. Many of these businesses-literally-will the omnibus public works bill vetoed by advantaged of all States and is a useful not survive three months if the specific fuel the President, although the $1 million addition to the provision of capable and allocation proposed for general aviation ap­ appropriation for purchase of mitigation trained workers for our economy. plications is imposed. lands was signed into law. Both Houses It's possible that the "ripple effect" of such of Congress have again this session allocation will go far beyond the decimation passed authorizing legislation, but there of one industry. General aviation's role in are differences between the two versions FUEL FOR GENERAL AVIATION air transportation and air commerce is sing­ ular, in that, as I mentioned, thousands of which must be worked out in confer­ communities would be without air trans­ ence. HON. STEWART B. McKINNEY portation without it. Many businesses have In response to the questions of my col­ OF CONNECTICUT grown through decentralization to outlying, leagues and in an effort to help them re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES smaller communities. The economic impact spond to the communications they have of these businesses on smaller communities received from their constituents on this Tuesday, December 4, 1973 is strong; many of them have stated they project, I would like to share an article would not have expanded or decentralized published recently in the Arkansas Mr. McKINNEY. Mr. Speaker, yester­ without the transportation and communica­ day, I indicated my general concern over tions values of genera.I aviation. Gazette which I believe sets out the con­ the emergency energy legislation which Many companies, large and small, depend troversy in an objective manner: passed the Senate on November 19. The on general aviation aircraft for the transpor­ [An interview of Trusten Holder by John inequities which have already followed tation of critical parts (one fa.rm machinery Fleming, Arkansas Gazette, Nov. 18, 1973) the uneven and confused administration manufacturer has stated that 40 % of all THE CACHE RIVER: WHAT THE Fuss Is ABOUT of certain energy measures is a well doc­ critical machinery for production lines and (EDITOR'S NOTE.-The following interview umented fact. I need only cite the now essential services are shipped in this way). with Trusten Holder on the subject of the defunct voluntary fuel allocation pro­ I've even been told that many banks and Cache River-Bayou DeVIew controversy was gram. finance companies have become concerned conducted at several different meetings over Unfortunately, misdirected adminis­ a.bout the effect on them, through their fi­ the period of a month between John Flem­ nancing and leasing support to aviation ing, the Gazette's outdoor editor, a.nd Holder. trative action often causes untold eco­ businessmen and to user companies, of de­ The purpose is to try and present In an ob- nomic hardships, especially for the small valuation ot their outstanding value in gen­ jective manner the problems involved with businessman. In this regard, I seriously eral aviation equipment and through the this million-acre Eastern Arkansas basin. question the President's proposed 42.5 spectre of massive repossessions. Trusten H. Holder carries the title of Chief, percent reduction of fuel for general It's essential that Congress understand Environmental Preservation, Arkansas De­ aviation. I support reduction but not se­ the intent of the Administration toward gen­ partment of Pollution Control and Ecology. era.I aviation-and other users of petroleum His duties include reviewing and ma.king lective elimination. products-if the emergency powers a.re ecologically oriented recommendations on In times of crisis, we must be wary not passed as proposed. plans, programs and legislative proposals of to handicap the smallest or the most vul­ Attached is a proposal to amend the sense state and federal agencies. He also serves as nerable party to appease the public cry of House Bill 11031 to provide equal treat­ a member of the Governor's Committee and for action. I would like to bring to my ment for all users. It's my hope that all seg- Land Use. During a period of 29 years (with December 4, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS_ 39575 time out to serve as an infantry officer during Fleming: In other words, the possibility of tiallv filled with water right 1n the middle world War II) he was employed by the a return of something well over $100 an acre of a big soybean field. Also some of the Game and Fish Commission. His duties in­ on land planted in soybeans makes the risk others have direct connections to the River cluded operational control of research, land desirable. or Bayou and they fail to drain dry as the_ acquisition and development activities. Holder: Those of us who would like to save water recedes to the summertime levels. Holder is author of the book "Disappear­ most of the remaining woodlands within the Fleming: Considering then these two fac­ ing wetlands in Eastern Arkans_as" and its Basin sure can't get any comfort when we tors--economic and water conditions-you sequel, "Progress in the Preservation of Delta consider the financial advantages of raising are convinced that most of the hardwoods in Wetlands." He served for 12 years as a mem­ soybeans instead of timber. the Cache and Bayou DeView Basin can be ber of the Arkansas Pollution Control com­ Fleming: Okay, now that it has been es­ cleared for agricultural purposes? mission. He is widely known as an avid tablished that farmers can make maybe 10 Holder: Much worse than that, John. After fighter for the protection of the environment times as much from soybeans as from tim­ looking at some tracts which I would have and has won several national and state ber, what is the extent of the risk they are thought would not have been feasible to awards for his efforts in behalf of conser­ taking. What I'm doing is getting to the sec­ clear, and yet have now been cleared, I doubt vation.) ond overriding factor. How about water con­ if there is a single tract of hardwood timber Fleming: Trout, before we get into the ditions? anywhere in Eastern Arkansas which could pros and cons of the Cache-Bayou DeView Holder: In this respect the fate of the be definitely classified as being safe from be­ argument I would like to get on the record woodlands is not controlled by how high the ing cleared. a simple statement of your position and water gets in the winter but, rather, how . SOME OF THE OBJECTIONS mine. I have gone over every word I've ever low it gets during the normal crop growing written about the Cache project and there season of most yea.rs. Take a look at the Fleming: I'd like to get into some of the is no place where I've ever advocated a ditch­ chart. Say the top line represents how high objections to the drainage project. It seems ing project. My position is that we are faced the water gets in the winter and the bottom to have been established that the flood risks fundamentally with a proposition wherein line represents how low it stays during the aren't great enough to stop the land from it will be necessary to compromise on the crop-growing season of most years. Now, being cleared. How about the contention that ditching project in order to save from 30,000 where is the elevation of the land that sup­ most of the benefits of the drainage project to 70,000 acres of wetlands that otherwise ports the growth of ha.rd woods in relation to will accrue to the large landowner? will go into agriculture. Is this essentially those two lines? I am referring now to the Holder: The only land ownership of more your position? land where oaks, hickories, elm and hack­ than 10,000 acres is located at the extreme Holder: John, I haven't advocated the berry grow. We know, without running any lower end of the project. Most of this owner­ channelization either. It would be nice if we elevation lines anywhere within the Basin, ship has already been cleared and when the could get the mitigation without the ditch that the dashed line is a fairly accurate rep­ ditch is completed all of it will be subjected but you and I both know that this isn't resentation of the approximate elevation of to increased flood risks. According to the likely to happen. That's why I think it is the land that supports the hardwoods. How Corps of Engineers there are approximately best to have the mitigation even if we do do we know for sure that it's somewhere one million acres in the flood plain of the have to accept the ditch. Keep in mind, above that bottom line? Because, all a land­ Basin. Approximately 30,000 of these acres however that this is a complex problem and, owner has to do to convert hardwoods to are in Missouri and the rest in Arkansas. The unfortunately, it has become involved in a cultivate land, as far as the water level in average size of the 1,444 ownership tracts, highly emotional controversy. Anyhow, your the Cache River or Bayou DeView is con­ excluding small urban ownership, is 155 statement of the proposition will give us a cerned, is clear off the timber and start farm­ acres. jumping off place for this question and ing. A little land leveling or interior ditch­ Fleming: Are all the large tracts in the answer session. ing may be desirable but the water levels in Basin actually farmed by the big conglomer­ Fleming: Let's clear up one vital point the River or Bayou during the growing sea­ ates? right here. If the Cache-Bayou De View Drain­ sons of most years stay considerably below Holder: The size of the ownerships, re­ age Project is abandoned, will this save the the land elevations of where the hardwoods gardless of what is is, does not reveal some existing wetlands? grow. of the more important considerations. It's Holder: Those woodlands that do remain Fleming: How about a level that will sup­ real easy to sit back and agree with some of within the Basin are vulnerable to destruc­ port trees such as cypress, tupelo, etc.? the more intense environmentalists who tion even if the Corps never does complete Holder: I'm sure your referring now to the claim the whole project is just a grandoise the drainage project. With the exception of cypress brakes in relation to the two solid scheme for a few rich people to get richer. woodlands in a few cypress breaks, I doubt lines and the dashed line. Lets consider the True, an individual tract may be owned by if there are any woodlands from stem to cypress brakes and shallow sloughs that sup­ a wealthy person but in many cases this st ern within the Basin which are lower in port the cypress, tupelo, button willow and owner is absentee and the land is farmed by elevation or any wetter than other formerly other water tolerant species of trees. Some sharecropping. The "rich landowner" usually wooded tracts that have been cleared. gets one-fourth of the value of the crop. The of these brakes are located out in the over­ sharecropper, on the other hand, probably Fleming: Why would a farmer want to flow bottoms at various distances from the gamble on losing his crop to overflow? River or the Bayou. Here, again, we know, borrowed the money for seed, fertilizer and Holder: If you listen to the farmers they all other expenses, he furnished all the without having to run any engineering sur­ equipment and labor used in the growing will try to convince you that farming is a veys, that the elevations of the bottoms of risky business even under the best of con­ of the crop. When the water comes up, like at lea.st a vast majority of these shallow it did in October of 1972, all the sharecropper ditions. Anytime someone tries to farm land brakes and sloughs have to be somewhere within the overflow bottoms he takes on the between the dashed line and the bottom can do is stand there and wat ch his t hree­ added risk of having his entire crop drowned f ourths disappear. line-generally as represented by the dotted Fleming: Isn't the whole purpose of the out. The risks are great but they aren't suffi­ line. We know this because in numerous ciently great to prevent farmers from clear­ project to reduce flood risks so the landown­ instances narrow and shallow ditches have ers can clear the remaining tracts of wood­ ing the land and taking the risks. Forget the been dug through cypress brakes and sloughs drainage project for a minute and consider lands at the taxpayers' expense? and on out to the River or Bayou. Where the Holder: A look at the aerial survey map the fate of the remaining woodlands within ditches have been dug, all the water has the Basin without drainage. There are two made in July of this year should correct this drained out into the River or the Bayou. erroneous impression. There are approxi­ overriding factors which control the destiny Fleming: Is this a general practice? mately 142,000 acres CYf delta. woodlands in of the private-owned wooded tracts. The first Holder: In hundreds of such places, the is the economic factor and the second is the Basin (less than 15 per cent). The land has been cleared and successful crops straightline distance of the flood plain from water condition. of soybeans have been grown right in the Missouri to the lower extremity is approxi­ Fleming: Let's consider the economic fac­ bottom of the shallow brakes and sloughs tor first. How much more money can a farmer mately 150 miles. About 110 miles of this line during at least three of the last five years. is above High way 64. The remaining distance make from soybeans if he clears the land and It is interesting to note that all of this has uses it for this puropse? is, of course, below that highway. However, been done without any ditching whatsoever most of the remaining woodlands are below Holder: Most of the woodlands which have in the main stems of the River and Bayou been cleared in the overflow bottoms were Highway 64. The reasoning here is quite sim­ except in the upper two-thirds of the basin ple. The farmers above Highway 64 don't cleared when beans were selling just a little which has already been ditched by drainage above the support price which is $2.25 a districts. have many woodlands to clear. They are con­ bushel. Now the price of beans is hovering cerned only about flood control on land al­ Fleming: What does the line of "Ls" repre­ ready cleared. around $5 a bushel. And, the cash price is sent under the bottom line? not the only factor. Futures on the commod­ Fleming: What does this do to the land Holder: That represents the land in the at the lower end of the project? ity market also have some effect on land bottom of the deeper lakes and sloughs. clearing to grow beans. At one time the price Holder: Any drainage project that takes These are the cypress-lined, open-water lakes water off the upper end of a basin and scoots of beans rose above $12 a bushel on the com­ and sloughs. We know that the bottom of modity market. Some Arkansas farmers con­ it down to the lower end will cause an in­ many of them are at lower elevations than crease in flood flow at the lower end. The tracted last June or July to sell their 1973 the summer time levels of the River of Bayou Corps has estimated that the height of the crop of beans at prices above $8 a bushel. because some of them stand at least par- flood flow will be increased about four 39576 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS- December 4, 1973 inches at the lower end. This increase in angle of the proposed project. What hap­ with plenty of food. It was the most frus­ flood flow ls one of the reasons why some pens to the hunting clubs? trating season the hunters ever had. These persons on the lower end are opposing the Holder: I don't believe there is much dan­ big soybean fields served as natural refuges. project. ger of the federal government taking away The ducks refused to respond to a duck call Fleming: I want to get into the mitigation any of these lands unless the club owners and it was virtually impossible to slip up on question la.ter but right now I'd like to ask decide they want to sell. Of course, in some them. If they were scared, they merely flew you a.bout the contention that mitigation is cases the members do not own the land. a mile or so to where another 30,000 or 40,000 a. "horrible hoa.x" because, if the ditch is Included in the mitigation proposal, which of their kind were enjoying ea.ch other's completed the trees will die anyhow? I am sure we will get to later, there are company. The duck kill la.st season was very, Holder: There a.re drainage ditches in plans to acquire perpetual easements. The very light. many parts of Arkansas that operate more primary purpose of these easements would Fleming: Wouldn't digging the ditch have efficiently than this ditch would operate. be to retain the wooded character of the in­ an adverse effect on fish life and on ground You don't see a lot of dead trees in any of dividual tracts. There should be no need for water? these areas except where they have been private hunting clubs, or any landowner for Holder: It sure would have adverse effects. poisoned with herbicides, girdled or flooded that matter, to give up hunting rights if they There a.re, however, structural measures all year by either beaver dams or man-made don't want to. I believe in most cases it which will lessen these effects. Also, the re­ impoundments. would be to the landowners financial advan­ tention of significant portions of the remain­ Fleming: But what wm happen in the tage to donate perpetual easements to the ing woodlands would soften these detri­ Cache Basin? federal government and claim an income tax mental effects. Besides, as it now stands there Holder: In the upper part of the Basin deduction for this donation rather than ac­ is some danger of having the ditch and no where the ditch will operate efficiently and cept cash payments. The only right they mitigation. where there will be a drop in the ditch will would be losing would be the right to clear Fleming: What is the status in Congress operate efficiently and where there will be their land and this, of course, would be a of the mitigation or, as some would prefer, a drop in the water table adjacent to the substantial contribution to environmental the tradeoff proposal? ditch, the growth rate of the standing crop conservation. Holder: Both the House and the Senate of trees will be slowed considerably. Trees, Fleming: How much would this contribu­ passed an authorization last year to purchase like all other living things, die eventually. tion be worth tax-wise? 30,000 acres and to obtain easements to pre­ I would expect death to be hastened for Holder: In my opinion a donated perpet­ serve woodlands on an additional 40,000 some of the individual trees that a.re ap­ ual easement of this type would have a mini­ s,cres. This authorization was part of the proaching maximum age and for some that mum value of $100 an a.ere. omnibus bill which President Nixon vetoed. have been previously wea.kned by one cause Fleming: What public benefits would ac­ The House and Senate also passed an appro­ or another. crue from such a donation? priation to purchase $1 million in mitigation Fleming: How about species composition? Holder: There is absolutely no doubt that lands. The President signed that bill but the Holder: There will also be a gradual change such a donation would benefit even though million dollars is still there waiting for in species composition. This change will favor the public would not receive hunting rights. authorization. those varieties which do not require flood These benefits would include helping to sus­ Fleming: What's happened in this session conditions for either regeneration or best tain the populations of small perching birds of Congress? growth. To answer your question another and other forms of wildlife, the preservation Holder: The authorization has been passed way, those varieties of trees which are more of scenic qualities, the bolstering of the seg­ this year by both the House and the Senate adaptable to environmental changes will con­ ment of the wood products industry which but there are some differences in the two tinue to reproduce and flourish. To verify is dependent on delta hardwood timber bills. Senator McClellan ls attempting to set­ this you can drive through any lowland por­ (which is sagging badly) plus the benefits to tle the differences but he wants the Cache tion of Ea.stem Arkansas that has been air and ground water quality. River project opponents to support the pro­ drained. You can see what has happened Fleming: Most of the states on the north­ posal. ern end of the Mississippi Flyway have en­ Fleming: What does the Conference Com­ where landowners have permitted trees to mittee proposal include? grow. This growth permission is highly limit­ tered the law suit. What do you think of ed but where it has occurred ( in little spots this? Holder: it includes the overall authoriza­ Holder: This is ha.rd to understand. For tion to purchase 30,000 acres, to obtain ease­ or narrow la.nes) the areas support good ments to preserve an additional 40,000 acres growth of pin oaks and other varieties of years, at the Flyway Council meetings, these northern states attempted to set the frame­ of woodlands, to authorize the outright ex­ trees. penditure of $6 million for the mitigation Fleming: What about report that there are work of the duck season so the sea.son would close soon after the ducks migrated from plus an additional $1 million for mitigation some tracts that landowners have cleared in purposes to be matched by local funds. It recent years but a.re reverting to forest their states. They reasoned that if e lot of ducks were killed on the lower end of the also includes a requirement that no less than growth because the farmers haven't been Flyway it would affect their hunting the 20 per cent of future appropriations for the able farm them? to next season. If they really were well informed project be allocated to mitigation until all the Holder: This isn't too unusual. Landown­ they would not be opposing the project un­ authorized mitigation has been completed. ers frequently clear more land than they can less, of course, they Just want to participate Fleming: If and when the mitigation lands farm successfully for the first few yea.rs. I'm in a vendetta against the Oorps of Engineers. would be acquired wouldn't this include sure that in some cases they have cleared I don't have any particular objection to their a.bout half of the remaining woodlands in the land they wished they hadn't cleared but fighting the Corps if they receive any pleas­ Cache River Ba.you DeView flood plain? this doesn't save the woodlands. In some ure from it. However, I don't want them Holder: It would include more than half places they constructed a. levee completely to do it at the expense of saving some of the by quite a bit. Of the approximately 142,000 around a tract and installed a big pump to woodlands in the Cache River Basin. acres involved, the Game and Fish Commis­ keep the tract dry during the growing sea­ Fleming: The opponents of the project, sion now owns approximately 16,000 acres. son. Now that the price of soybeans has in­ including these northern states, claim the Another 30,000 acres 1s widespread in small creased so much during the last few months ditching will have an adverse effect on the plots and borders. This leaves 96,000 acres leveeing and pumping will increase. duck population. Is this a tenable position? actually involved. If my arithmetic is correct Fleming: Why have some of the wooded Holder: Clearing of the woodlands has al­ this would be 73 per cent. tracts been cleared and others in private ready had a very detrimental effect on the Fleming: Early in the interview you said ownership are still standing? sport of duck hunting. It has also had a there was some chance that the ditch could Holder: The tracts that remain as wood­ detrimental effect on wood ducks because be dug without the state getting any mitiga­ lands are still wooded for a variety of rea­ they nest in trees within our state. If you tion at all. Will you elaborate on this? sons. Some of these tracts are tied up in consider reducing the kill on wintering Holder: This project ls authorized by an estates at least for the time being. Some oc grounds, the land clearing has had a bene­ Act of Congress. It was started by the Corps the small landowners don't have the ready ficial effect on the mallard population. of Engineers and halted by the 8th Circuit cash to invest in land clearing. Some are Fleming: This might explain the interest Court of Appeals at St. Louis on the grounds not ready to assume the added risk of farm­ of the northern states. I'm interpreting what that the environmental impact statement was ing in the lower part of their land. Some of you a.re saying is that, if the land is cleared, inadequate. The Engineers are now prepar­ the woodlands are owned by lumber com­ the duck hunters can't kill as many mallards ing a more detailed impact statement. If the panies which are still trying to stay in the and, consequently, the northern states will appeals courts approve this new statement lumbering manufacturing business even accomplish what they've been trying to do and funds are appropriated there is nothing though they may have already cleared for by getting early seasons. Can you elaborate? to stop the completion of the project with no beans other portions of their timberlands. Holder: All right, consider what happened mitigation whatsoever. Some of the woodlands are being used for during the 1972-73 duck season. La.st sea.son Fleming: Do you recommend that the op­ hunting clubs and some of the landowners was the first duck season when we have had ponents withdraw their opposition? simply don't want to clear their remaining high water since major portions of the over­ Holder: Not yet. I think the opponents woodlands. flow bottoms were cleared. The vast majority should only certify that they will withdraw of the ducks completely deserted the flooded their opposition after the mitigation author­ SPORTSMEN'S INTEREST timber and the dead timber reservoirs. They ization ls in the bag and after the Corps Fleming: You mention the private hunt­ concentrated in those tremendous soybean of Engineers has demonstrated good faith in ing clubs. This is a good place to discuss thiS fields which had become open-water lakes carrying out the mitigation proposals. December 4, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39577

VANDALISM AND THE SAFE Installation of burglar alarms a.nd other GUARD DOGS SCHOOLS ACT devices in each faclllty some time a.go also Since the dogs started guarding four has helped "forestall serious trouble so far," schools in January. vandalism incidents he said. have dropped considerably, reported Charles But in Orange County, vandals committed Cheatham, the district's director of opera­ HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM 6,272 destructive acts that cost $777 ,026 in tions. OF NEW YORK repairs and replacements over a two-year Perhaps the immediate threat of being IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES period ending la.st December. attacked by a dog makes more of an impres­ The alarm system that would employ Tuesday, December 4, 1973 sion on a would-be va.nda.l than the possi­ flashing red beacons and surveillance heli­ bility of triggering an alarm and then be­ Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, vandal­ copters (officials ca.n give no estimate yet ing outrun by a. policeman or guard. ism of school property has become a how much it will cost) is still in the plan­ Actually, the dogs are trained not to bite major problem confronting educators ning stage, but the radar, light and sound but only to knock down an intruder and alarms already have been installed in 75 hold him on the ground until help arrives. across the country. schools in the southwest, ea.st and central The dogs stand guard alone. A handler The Los Angeles Times article of areas of the city. comes around every two or three hours and April 2, 1973, reprinted below reveals Ala.rm systems are now built into Los checks them. He has a radio in his truck to some of the dimensions of the epidemic Angeles schools as they a.re constructed or summon help should one of the dogs, which and, in my opinion, is evidence of the renovated. weigh from 75 to 110 pounds, be sitting on a need to enact the Safe Schools Act forth­ Between 3,500 and 4,000 acts of vandalism prowler. with. are perpetrated in Los Angeles city schools Prowlers are not sure just which of the each year, Paul Engle, the system's chief district's 40 schools are being guarded by the The article follows: security officer, estimated. These acts range dogs, so they think twice before climbing SOMETHING ExTRA FOR THE TAXPAYER from scratching an obscene word on a wall the fence of any school, Cheatham said. (By Richard West) to setting a fire causing $100,000 or more Simi Valley Unified School District has All the fortress-like buildings-doors damage. established a task force to study proposals wrought of steel, windows of unbreakable Engle believes the rate of incidents has to :fight vandalism, including one that laminated plastic-would be guarded by ra­ about leveled off here, noting that the cost bounties be paid to persons who supply in­ dar and silent alarm systems sensitive of vandalism last year was only $300,000 formation which results in the arrest and enough to be activia.ted by a sound or a ra.y above the previous year and that the rise conviction of vandals. of llght. was probably due to infiation. This custom of the Old West was revived When an invader triggers the alarm, it TWENTY-FIVE GUARDS by three teachers at the district's Hollow would cause a. red beacon light a.top the The Los Angeles system has only 25 men Hllls Elementary School after vandals building to flash on and off. Crews of patrol­ to guard its 630 school nights and week­ scrawled obscene words on classroom walls, ling helicopters would spot the light. They ends. poured paint into sinks and stole equipment. would radio ground units to move in swiftly. Proposals that men on welfare be required The teachers donated $75 of their own The prowler would be caught in the act to work as school guards do not seem prac­ money for a. reward. Information quickly by police or guards specially trained for this ticable to Engle. came in and lour suspects were arrested type of situation. If the time they work is based on the However, Simi Supt. Walter Ziegler does All this smacks of a. joint CIA-FBI opera­ amount of their welfare checks, they would not think much of a bounty system. tion or a. security plan for a nuclear weapons put in only a few hours a day, Engle said. "BETTER SURVEILLANCE" installation or Ft. Knox. Actually, it is just And they would undoubtedly want to be as­ "It's my feeling we should train students a system devised by the city of Los Angeles signed to schools in their neighborhood. to be responsible citizens without a reward," to keep vandals out of its schools nights "You would have 15 to 30 people at one he said. "I think vandalism can be handled and weekends. location," he said. "It would cost you more in another manner, perhaps through better COST KEEPS RISING to supervise them than what you would get surveillance, utilizing electronic equipment out of it." Acts of arson, burglary and malicious mis­ or neighborhood participation." chief last year cost Los Angeles $2.5 mllllon Engle believes that one of the best ways to The Los Angeles City Council started tak­ (the price of three or four new elementary :fight vandalism is to enlist the cooperation ing a hard look at school vandalism a year schools), up from $2.2 million in 1969-70, of persons living around schools. If they ago at the urging of Councilman Thomas $1.8 mllllon in 1968-69 and a.bout $1 million would call police whenever they saw some­ Bradley and former Councilman James B. in 1967-68. thing unusual going on at a. school after Potter, Jr. hours. many vandals would be caught. Or rather, the acts cost Los Angeles tax­ They called on the council's Police, Fire payers these sums. The school system ca.n no A telephone call to police from a citizen and Civil Defense Committee to conduct an longer a.frord to carry insurance: Premiums early last Monday resulted in the arrest of investigation into vandalism which, they a.re astronomical, and carriers want the city eight boys as they emerged from the Murchi­ said, "with ea.ch passing week . • • reaches son Street Elementary School, 1500 Murchi­ to foot the first $100,000 loss of every inci­ new and alarming proportions." son St. The youths had damaged the con­ City Administrative Officer Piper, asked by dent. tents of two classrooms and set :fire to a Other Los Angeles area school districts are the committee for his views, crune up with classroom bungalow. The loss will run into several ideas. so desperate in seeking solutions to the "the thousands of dollars," firemen esti­ vandalism problem that they are experi­ "More intensive use of school facllities, in­ mated. cluding ea.rly and evening classes, should be menting with German shepherd guard dogs Just how much can a city afford to pay and toying with the idea. of offering cash economically beneficial and might tend to to protect its schools from nighttime and reduce the opportunity for vandalism," he bounties for the arrest and conviction of weekend marauders? vandals. Sa.id. "The entire problem of school vandalism," The Los Angeles City Council, the Police However, security chief Engle said that as City Administrative Officer C. Erwin Piper, most acts of vandalism occur after night Department, school officials and a special a former FBI agent, ha.s observed, "is but one district attorney's task force are all involved classes end at 10 p.m. "You'd have to run of several social problems resulting from a a.11 night," he said. in the problem, which a psychiatrist defines public disregard of public or personal prop­ - a.s an a.ct of rebellion by some young people Piper also suggested the use of alarms, erty rights. against "a symbol of social authority." plastic windows a.nd "camera. systems used "It should be accepted that the problem in banks" and the stationing of tun-time NATIONAL PROBLEM is of a continuing nature, and that the se­ caretakers or security guards at schools most School vandalism, of course, is not a prob­ curity measures necessary to appreciably re­ subject to vandalism. lem unique to the Los Angeles a.rea. It is a duce vandalism may well be more costly than Asst. City Atty. James A. Doherty advised national problem, in rural areas as well as the costs for restoration of damaged facili­ the council committee that "some progress the big cities, and it is getting worse every ties." could be made if alarm systems were built year. In other words, it might be cheaper in into installations at the time of construction In California alone the average cost of the long run to take reasonable precautions or renovation." This is being done now. school arson, burglary and malicious mis­ and a chance on vandals severely damaging Doherty urged city sponsorship of state leg­ chief is estimated to be running at $10 mil­ a school once in a while than installing such islation which would raise the amount par­ lion a year. elaborate space age safeguards as tend to ents are liable for acts of their children from The 88 educational facilities operated by bankrupt school finances. $1,000 to $5,000. the county outside of the city of Los Angeles A relatively inexpensive system is being "Faced with such liability, some pa.rents have so far escaped massive vandalism, given a six-month test by the Hacienda-La would probably exercise stricter control over mainly because most of them a.re small and Puente Unified School District with favor­ their minor children," he said. "not Establishment representing," thus of­ able results. Its main element consists of The Police Department, which made a fering "less exposure," said Dr. John Hamil­ seven German shepherd dogs which the dis­ study of school vandalism for the CODllllittee, ton, the system's business manager. trict rents for $100 a month each. came up with the idea of the .flashing red CXIX--2492-Part SO 39578 EXTENSIONS OF. REMARKS December 4, 1973 light atop schools which could be spotted by DIFFERENT GROUPS A spokesman for the- Virginia Electric and police and sheriff's helicopters. Questionnaires have been sent out to 300 Power Company said he is pleased by VNB's SPLASHING PAINT different groups in the county to determine energy conservation program. Vepco market­ What motivates a youngster to break into the extent of the problem, Collier said. The ing official John Marsh pointed out that the a school-an institution dedicated to serving task force hopes to come up with a report in lights on one Christmas tree normally con­ him-and comm.it such outrageous acts as three or four months. sume some 300 kilowatts of electricity in a smashing furniture, splashing paint on walls, Collier said one facet that has already month. Referring to Virginia National's ac­ destroying records and even setting fire to come to light is "the paucity of convictions" tions, Marsh said: ''If every company would the building? that result from school arson. take these steps, we'd see a considerable sav­ " One of the basic problems in growing up The task force is working to effect a pro­ ing in energy." is coming to terms with authority," com­ gram where "every act of vandalism is re­ Marsh noted that while Vepco does get mented Dr. Edward Stainbrook, a psychiatrist ported and something done about it," Col­ nuclear power from its Surry facility, most and professor and chairman of the depart­ lier said. of the company's power plants still rely on "We are contacting law enforcement, of­ petroleum for fuel. By reducing its power ment of human behavior in the USC school consumption, VNB expects to reduce Vir­ of medicine, "and school is one of the most ficers, judges, school administrators and everyone else involved in the problem and ginia's consumption of dwindling oil sup­ important authorities in a child's life. plies. "The school is a symbol of social authority, trying to get them to all pull together." and he keeps attacking it if he can, retaliat­ ing and rebelling." Stainbrook also believes that vandalism CPB'S MINORITY FUNDING has "something to do with social class." VffiGINIA NATIONAL BANK NEWS "A member of what we regard as the upper RELEASE class deals with his problems symbolically, HON. WILLIAM (BILL) CLAY not. letting them spill over into rebellion and OF MISSOURI assault," he said. HON. G. WILLIAM WHITEHURST IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES But to a member of the lower class, he said, Tuesday, December 4, 1973 school is "a kind of substitute for total so­ OF VIRGINIA ciety" which he wants to attack because he IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. CLAY. Mr. Speaker, the Corpora­ feels it has rejected or failed him. Tuesday, December 4, 1973 tion for Public Broadcasting held its first "If authority really is rejecting or not un­ public board meeting on Thursday, No­ derstanding or punitive, then the child, of Mr. WHITEHURST. Mr. Speaker, vember 8, 1973. A broad spectrum of course, learns that's how authority is and with this Nation in the midst of an witnesses testified. The overwhelming takes his own steps to counteract it," Stain­ energy crisis, it is indeed heartening to theme was the lack of black programing. brook said. know that Virginia's largest bank, Vir­ The statements made at this meet­ School administrators and teachers and ginia National Bank, has voluntarily ing, as reported in the Washington Post, others "have to be firm" in maintaining dis­ taken steps that go even beyond the cipline but at the same time they must de­ should be of interest to all Members of recommendations of the President in an Congress. Hopefully, this will help to vote "much more attention to handling ten­ effort to conserve as much energy as sions in the community and classroom," he · make others aware of the inadequacies possible. of public television in this area. went on. So that my colleagues may be apprised For it is these tensions which spill over at The article entitled "CPB's Minority of what one institution is doing, I am Funding" f oll-0ws: night and during weekends and take the ins~rting at this point in the RECORD a form o! school vandalism. recent press release from Virginia Na­ CPB's MINORITY FUNDING "If people can act effectively, they won't (By Joel Dreyfuss) a.ct destructively," Stainbrook said. "A lot of tional Bank outlining the steps it has taken. VNB is setting an example that The Corporation for Public Broadcasting studies show that in schools where there is (CPB) held its first public board meeting an effective handling of classroom tensions, others would do well to follow. yesterday and testimony was dominated by during the summer you can count the suc­ The press release follows: criticism of the handling of black programs cess by the diminishing number of broken NEWS RELEASE FROM VIRGINIA NATIONAL by public television. windows. BANK, NOVEMBER 26, 1973 A broad spectrum of witnesses called on GOOD STUDENTS NoRFOLK.-The state's largest bank has CPB to make additional funds available for "If a child is effective inside school, he is joined the fight to conserve power during the public affairs program "Black Journal" not going to destroy it." the energy crisis. Eliminating the lighting of and for "Soul," the variety show, two na­ Dr. Bernard Greenberg, a systems analyst all outdor signs is just one step which Vir­ tionally distributed programs cut back dras­ for the Stanford Research Institute who has ginia National Bank is taking to help allevi­ tically this season, and to give a larger share made studies of school vandalism, had a ate the country's growing energy shortage. of the agency's funds to minority program­ ming in general. further thought along this line. In his most recent energy message Sun­ day night, President Nixon requested the Tony Brown, executive producer of "Black "One of the problems is that police are elimination ot commercial lighting except Journal" and dean of Howard University's called in too frequently to handle school signs identifying places of business. However, school of communications, called for the disciplinary problems, and the kids get Virginia National has taken the President's creation of a panel to monitor the perform­ caught up with the police,'' he said. recommendation one step further by volun­ ance of public television and insure adequate "School administrators don't want to han­ tarily extinguishing all outdoor lighting at input. dle problem children. It takes up too much the bank's 116 offices in Virginia. This action Other witnesses asked for increased use of their time-time they feel they should should mean a cut in power consumption of of instructional programs, special programs be using to educate the majority. They don't more than 1200 kilowatts per day. for the deaf and more accurate portrayals feel they should spend 60 % of their time Following the President's earlier recom­ of women and ethnics. coping with the 5% of students who cause mendations, Virginia National has already "The meeting was productive beyond the lowered the thermostats in its offices to 68 - 95 % of the trouble. board's expectations," said Robert S. Ben­ "This is one of the reasons why kids are degrees. All other lighting not necessary for jamin vice chairman of the CPB board, building maintenance and the safe opera­ turning against the schools." whose members declined to comment on tion of bank facllities, including nighttime statements by more than 20 witnesses. Greenberg said his studies also indicate floodlighting of buildings, has been cut out. Several of those supporting "Black Jour­ that many youths break into schools to Also, the hot water temperature in bank nal" charged that it served as a symbol of steal office equipment, musical instruments restrooms has been reduced. And the only CPB's lack of concern about black pro­ and other valuable items to raise money to energy expended in dressing VNB up for the graming. CPB officials disagreed, saying support their drug habits. Christmas season will be the human energy the shows had fallen victim to last year's A local study of school vandalism is being required to hang Yuletide decorations i,ince battle between the corporation and the Pub­ made by a 32-member task force coordinated no lighting will be used. lic Broadcasting Service (PBS) for control by Alva Collier, an assistant chief field dep­ Bank officials expect these actions will of public television. uty to Dist. Atty. Joseph P. Busch initiated mean a considerable reduction in power CPB officials noted that "Black Journal" re­ the study last November. consumption since they are being put into ceived the same agency grant ($345,000) this effect at all 116 VNB offices. These measures The task force is delving into four major year as last, and said its problems stemmed should produce a major cut in energy use from a failure to draw private funds. aspects of the problem-legislation and law at the Virginia National headquarters build­ As a result, Brown estimated he would only enforcement, education and communication, ing alone. The headquarters at One Com­ be able to produce two or three half-hour research evaluation and resources and pre­ mercial Place in Norfolk is the largest private segments of "Black Journal." "Soul," at one vention and progr,am action. office building in the state. time also a weekly program, was given December 4, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 39579 $175,000 this year by CPB for two one-hour ficacy of our Government's policies in vantage of a coordinated, surprise attack specials. the Middle East and especially toward and ample supplies of advanced Soviet CPB allocated $345,000 to a new show, Israel. In a recent article in the Wash­ weapons, were getting into military difficul­ "Interface" for nine half-hour programs ties. It was a mistake for Secretary Kis­ which will explore the relationship between ington Post a research assistant for the singer to have fl.own to Moscow a.t all. It was blacks and whites. The corporation also Brookings Institution has raised thought­ the Arabs and the Soviets who needed a points out that half its budget goes to chil­ ful and extremely disturbing criticisms of cease-fire, and he should have let them come dren's programs said to reach a consider­ the way in which the Nixon administra­ to him. Instead, he rapidly worked out a able number of black children. tion has handled the Middle East prob­ cease-fire scheme with the SoViets and Both Brown and Ellis Haizlip, producer of lem. He claims that by failing to request rushed it through the U.N. Security Council "Soul," dismissed "Interface;• charging that an end to the oil embargo as a price for a on Oct. 21, with the stipulation that the it was not a. "black show" but one that was cease-fire the administration has left cease-fire was to take effect on Oct. 22. also intended to cater to whites. By Oct. 22, however, the Israelis had a size­ "The fundamental question ls whether our Israel in ~ much more vulnerable posi­ able task force West of the Suez Cana.I. The access to the public airwaves ls a civil tion than it would have been otherwise. I Egyptians, after underestimating the scope right," said Rev. Jes.se Jackson, president of commend this important article to the and power of the Israeli crossing, belatedly the black achievement organization Oper­ attention of my colleagues: realized that the Israelis were moving into a ation PUSH. "We as black people have a dis­ MISSING THE BOAT IN THE MIDEAST position from which they could cut off the tinct point of View and our tax investment (By Martin E. Weinstein) Egyptian forces ea.st of the canal and simul­ 1n public broadcasting obligates public taneously attack the Egyptian reserves or broadcasting to hear us. There is a widespread lllusion that the even threaten Cairo. Given these circum­ "Either give black people our percentage Nixon-Kissinger policy in the Middle East stances, it ls understandable that both sides share of that which presently exists or give crisis has been a diploma.tic succes.s. It has ignored the cease-fire on Oct. 22 and 23-the us 15 per cent of the budget and we wlll been widely publicized as a masterpiece of Egyptians in the hope of preserVing their ini­ establish our own," Jackson said. timing, agility and firmness that saved the tial gains and the diplomatic advantages in­ Brown charged that the real issue with structure of peace, got the Arabs and Israelis herent in those victories, the Israelis to com.­ "Black Journal" was its emphasis on "black moving toward a la.sting settlement, and re­ pensa.te for their early setbacks and to people solving black problems and black peo­ strained the Soviets from sending their forces strengthen their bargaining position in the ple speaking for black people." into the war. expected negotiations. CPB President Henry Loomis denied that Like most illusions, this one has shreds of By the next day, Oct. 24, it was clear that the show's content had an adverse effect on evidence and wisps of logic to hold it to­ the Israelis were winning decisively. Suez its fund1ng. gether. After all, a cease-fire is in effect, City was in their hands and the Egyptain 3d "The problem with 'Black Journal' is not Arab-Israeli negotiations a.re being planned, Army was cut off from its supplies, includ­ objections to it but that Tony Brown has and the Soviets didn't send in their troops. ing its food and water. Unless the cease-fl.re one particular point of view," Loomis said. But the harsh truth behind the illusion is was immediately honored, Egypt faced a mil­ ''We feel there should be other points of that the Nixon-Kissinger policy has conceded itary disaster. view." He said the decision not to give addi­ to the Soviet Union military predominance in tional funds to the program was made by its the Middle East and has confirmed the Arabs THE SOVIET NOTES parent station, WNET in New York. in their belief that they can rely on Soviet The Soviet leaders, fully realizing the des­ Officials there blamed the Ford Founda­ military protection in the pursuit of their perate position of the Egyptians, sent Pres­ tion's failure to specifically allocate funds to policies, either on oil or Israel. The U.S. policy ident Nixon several urgent notes, correctly "Black Journal'' and "Soul," and claimed also has seriously, and perhaps irreparably, pointing out that the cease-fire was being that CPB has made efforts to move away damaged our vital alliances with Western violated and insisting that we a.ct together from public affairs and controversial pro­ Europe and Japan-the relationships which to enforce it, especially on the Israelis. Ac­ graming under the Nixon administration. are the basis of American security and pros­ cording to administration accounts, in one Tinka Nobbe, a program officer in the Of­ perity. And, finally, it is lea.ding the United of these notes the Soviets proposed Joint So­ fice of Public Television at Ford, declined re­ States, along with the rest of the non-Com­ viet-American intervention to stop the fight­ sponsibility. "We make block grants to our munist world, toward an economic abyss--a ing and stated that if the United States grantee~ and they decide what to do with severe depression, induced by a shortage of did not act together with the Soviet Un­ it," she said. oil and complicated by short-sighted eco­ ion, "we the Soviets should be faced with A study of public television's relationship nomic nationalism. the necessity urgently to consider the ques­ to minorities commissioned by the Ford tion of ta.king appropriate steps Unilat­ UNDERESTIMATING THE EMBARGO erally." Foundation and directed by Washington Post The major flaw in the administration's associate editor and ombudsman Robert C. In plain language, the Soviets were telling Middle East policy has been its underestima­ the President either to put a leash on the Maynard was released la.st week. tion of the Arab oil embargo and its con­ The study called for increased black pro­ Israelis or the Soviet Union might send in sequent failure to have that embargo lifted. its own forces to save the Egyptians. graming and suggested that "Black Journal" The embargo was threatened within a few be expanded to provide a broader range of The Soviet notes should not have been a views. days of the Egyptian-Syrian attack on Oct. 6, shock. They hinted at unilateral interven­ and was officially announced on Oct. 17. From · "We don't feel our role ls to respond to tion but left room for diplomatic maneuver. the moment the embargo was declared, it those recommendations.'' said Mrs. Nobbe, And why not? They had successfully rattled pointing out the foundation's efforts to with­ constituted a terrifying threat to American their missiles in the 1956 Suez Cana.I crisis. interests--not simply to our interests 1n the draw its financing of public television so Why not threaten intervention again in 1973, other forms of support can be developed. Middle Ea.st, but to our entire position as a especially since the United States and its al­ world power-a threat which Mr. Nixon and lies already had shown themselves weak and Statements by several of the witnesses at Kissinger did not perceive. the CPB boa.rd meeting charged that only divided in their reaction to the oil embargo. $650,000 was being made available for black The immediate effect of the embargo, as Mr. Nixon and Kissinger responded to this programing out of a two-year CPB budget President Sadat and King Faisal intended, quasi-ultimatum by promptly stopping the of $130 million. and as the Soviets must have understood, Israelis and simultaneously called a world· However, CPB officials said that the agency was to give an unprecedented battering to wide strategic alert. Then, on Oct. 25 and 26, 1s stlll operating on a $35 mlllion "contin­ the Western Alllance, and by so doing to the secretary and the President held tele­ uing resolution," of which only $12 million push the United States toward diplomatic Vised news conferences at which they stated 1s for programing. The $130 million appro­ isolation. The Western Europeans and Japa­ that their alert had averted a superpower priation for CPB is tied up in the HEW-La­ nese, whose industries would be crippled military confrontation in the Middle East. bor blll which may be vetoed by President without Arab oil, had to choose between pla­ The President announced that this was "the Nixon, as it was last year. cating the Arab producers or backing the most serious crisis we have had since the United States in its "even-handed" policy of Cuban confrontation of 1962," and he equivocal support for Israel. The administra­ strongly implied that he had faced the So­ tion minimized the importance of the oil em­ viets down. bargo, brushed off the allies' economic con­ MISSING THE BOAT IN THE A number of critics of the administration cerns a.s selfish, and left them no alternative promptly charged that the alert was un­ MIDEAST but to appease the Arabs. That, of course, ls justified, that the President had staged a what they have proceeded to do. military crisis to divert attention from his Our position, however, was not irretrieva­ Watergate problems. These critics were HON. ELIZABETH HOLTZMAN ble. Within a few weeks of the war's out­ OF NEW YORK wrong. The President did face a serious con­ break, the ad.ministration was given an op- test with the Soviets. But he avoided it. He IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES portunity to correct its initial errors and to did not save the day with his alert. Rather, Tuesday, December 4, 1973 a.ct positively on the oil embargo. By Oct. 20, he avoided a crucial test by giving the So­ when Secretary Kissinger flew to Moscow to viets what they demanded and what Egypt Ms. HOLTZMAN. Mr. Speaker, we are negotiate a cease-fl.re, 1t was obvious that desperately needed-an immediate honoring all concerned about the wisdom and ef- the Egyptians and Syrians, despite the ad· of the cease-fire. 39580 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

WHAT SHOULD HAVE BEEN jected that NASA will only have 9 per­ office _into a publlc relations outfit. They felt But what of the oil embargo? There is cent minority employees.by the year 2001, that McConnell, who at 37 ls NASA's only not the slightest evidence that Mr. Nixon finds it cannot live with a .person like black in ·the· administrative stratosphere of or Kissinger ever saw a connection between Mrs. Harris because of her dedication to "supergrades," was a servant of the estab­ the cease-fire and the embargo. It should lishment and did not identify strongly have been clear to them by Oct. 20 that move forward faster, we have come to the enough with the needs of minorities. Mc­ the oil embargo is a more potent weapon point where we in this body can no longer Connell says that Harris continued to act in the Middle East war than the Egyptian remain silent. If we are to make our com­ as though she were running the office, that and Syrian forces, or Soviet arms, and that mitment to the civil rights laws we she was uncooperative and uncompromising, it is a weapon aimed only indirectly at Israel passed in the mid-1960's more than and that she did not seem to be fully aware but directly and menacingly at the United empty rhetoric, we must insist that the of the bureaucratic restrictions government States and the entire Western alliance. Federal Government honor. this com­ employees must work under. In brief, the administration should have At any rate, Harris, Hogan, and Samuel made the lifting of the Arab oil embargo the mitment by enforcing these laws and Lyon, a black contract compliance officer, prerequisite for our support of the cease­ providing true equality of opportunity. decided the office was going nowhere. "After fire. This should have been our stand We can begin to prove our commitment months of agonizing," she says, the three of throughout the crisis. Our government by insisting ·that NASA rehire Mrs. them put together a report--on their own should have told the Soviets and the Arabs Harris. time and money-documenting their belief that we favored a cease-fire and that we To fully acquaint my colleagues with that NASA's equal opportunity effort was "a wanted negotiation for a lasting peace set­ the circumstances of the Harris dismis­ sham." tlement, but that we could not work for a The report, submitted to Fletcher in late cease-fire or participate in negotiations sal and what is at stake, I include in the September, points out that the number of while the embargo cont~nued. How could we CONGRESSIONAL RECORD a.n article by Con­ people in minority groups employed by NASA be expected to press the Israelis to stop stance Holden from the November 23, has gone up only 1 percentage point--from fighting in Egypt and Syria while the Arab 1973, issue of Science magazine: 4.10 percent to 5.19 percent-since 1966. oil producers persisted in their economic [From Science magazine, Nov. 23, 1973] Women (almost all of them clerical workers) warfare against the United States? If the NASA: SACKING OF TOP BLACK WOMAN STIRS make up 18 percent of the NASA work force. fighting was to stop, it must stop on both CONCERN FOR EQUAL EMPLOYMENT Most women and blacks hold civil service the military and the economic fronts. grades below GS 9, despite the fact that 70 The sensible, unprovocative policy the On 25 October, James Fletcher, adminis­ percent of all NASA employees are at GS 10 United States should have followed was to trator of the National Aeronautics and Space or above. "At the present rate of increase, stand firmly on the necessity of the em­ Administration, summoned Ruth Bates Har­ NASA would reach only 9 percent min

4. The facts 1n respect of each of the loca­ that this was methodical murder pel'petrated proximately 125 Israeli prisoners. It is our tions are as tollows: in accordance with plans and orders emanat­ understanding that Israel has given the Red HUSHNEYAH ing from a high central authority. Cross a list of approximately 350 Syrian cap­ 8. The murder of prisoners-of-war consti­ tives it is holding and has given this orga­ The bodies were found in a wadi concealed tutes a violation of Article 13 of the Geneva nization an opportunity to inspect prisoner methodically, but not completely, by stones Convention relative to the treatment of and hospital facilities and to talk with pris­ and shrubs. In every case, their hands were prisoners-of-war. Under Article 130, the de­ oners of Syrian nationality. bound behind their backs with laces taken liberate murder of a prisoner-of-war is a Unfortunately, there is ca.use for great con­ from their own , and their eyes were grave violation of the Convention. Needless cern as to the treatment of Israeli soldiers blindfolded with rags or bits of clothing. to say, the murder of prisoners-of-war con­ detained in Syrian. A group of House mem­ Some of the bodies were found unclothed and stitutes the most serious imaginable in­ bers which recently visited Israel was shown unshod. Examination of the bodies discloses fringement of the whole basis of the Conven­ documentation and photographs indicating that the; prisoners were shot at very close tion and of the principles of humanity ac­ that Israeli soldiers captured by Syrian forces range. Every body was riddled by a number cepted among civilized peoples. have been bound, blindfolded, mutilated, of bullets. Considering that some of the 9. According to the first paragraph of Article and shot or stabbed to death. The bodies of bodies were found unclad and stripped of all 12 of the Convention: "Prisoners-of-war are approximately 30 Israeli soldiers, apparently their personal belongings, including identity in the hands of the enemy Powers, but not killed after their capture, were located at discs, it has been possible to identify only six of the individuals or military units who have various sites in the Golan Heights. byname. captured them." War is in itself tragic and inhumane. How­ HUSHNEYAH Vil.LAGE In accordance with the Article, it is the ever, there are well-established laws and in­ The murdered Israeli POW's were found all detaining Power which is responsible for the ternational agreements with respect to the together in a field near the vlllage their attitude adopted towards prisoners-of-war handling of prisoners of war, and it is as­ hands bound, their eyes blindfolded. Of the who fall into its hands. There ls, therefore, no sumed that responsible governments will seven bodies, only three could be identified doubt that the Syrian authorities bear the honor these obligations. by name. Five of the bodies were found with responsibility for the shameful crime com­ We therefore, are calling on you to instruct their upper parts bare. Two other bodies mitted by Syrian soldiers. the U.S. Representative to the United Na­ were discovered dressed only in undershirts. 10. So as not to cause anguish to the tions to introduce a Security Council reso­ All the bodies were found, as said, together families of the murdered men, the Govern­ lution asking Syria to fulfill Geneva Con­ in one spot. Beside the bodies were found ment of Israel has refrained until now from vention requirements by providing the In­ shirts of the murdered men. On examination, bringing these dreadful facts, in all their ternational Red Cross with a list of prisoners 1t was seen that the shirts were intact and tragic detail, to the knowledge of the general of Israeli nationality and permitting the Red not pierced by bullets. Empty cartridges public. Since, however, the story has been Cross to contact the captives and to visit were found only a metre away from the widely reported in the press, the Government POW facilities. The resolution should also bodies. One of the murdered men was found of Israel regards it as its bounden duty to call for an immediat.e exchange of wounded :wtth his legs bound. bring the shocking findings which have come prisoners. to light to the knowledge of the International The United States should appeal to all TEL FARIS Committee of the Red Cross. members of the UN Security Council, regard­ Here the bodies were found in a ditch, the 11. The Government of Syria bears un­ less of their position on the political issues hands of all three of the murdered men tied equivocal responsibility for these methodical involved in the Israeli-Arab dispute, to sup­ with ropes. The men were clad in their crimes. port such a resolution on the grounds o1 underwear only. All had been shot at very simple humanitarianism and respect for in­ DEMANDS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF ISRAEL close range. All have been identified by name. ternational law. Certainly, there can be no MOUNT HERMON STRONG-POINT 12. The Government o! Israel calls upon doubt that action by the UN on this issue the International Committee of the Red would be an important step toward relieving At least 31 soldiers of the Israel Defence Cross to take, at once, the necessary steps world tensions and achieving peace. Forces surrendered on 8 October 1973 to a to condemn the barbaric and disgusting Syrian force which surrounded the position. crimes that have been described, and to en­ According to the testimony of Syrian officers sure that proper and full protection be ex­ and men who were taken prisoner by the tended to Israeli prisoners-of-war. It demands THE PROPOSED MULHOLLAND Israel Defence Forces, the last 5 of the 31 that every means be adopted immediately to NATIONAL SCENIC PARKWAY Israel soldiers to emerge from the strong­ guarantee the health, welfare and honour of point when the garrison gave itself up were the Israeli prisoners-of-war held captive 1n shot dead while their heads were raised and Syria, as the Geneva Convention requires. they were unarmed. The testimony in ques­ 13. The Government of Israel demands of HON. ALPHONZO BELL tion afflTms that the 5 Israeli prisoners who the Syrian authorities that they give firm OF CALlFORNIA were shot were murdered on the specific guarantees and issue clear instructions to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES orders of the officer commanding the Syrian enure that there shall be no repetition of the battalion on the spot. horrendous crimes, such as described in this Tuesday, December 4, 1973 Two other Israeli soldiers were murdered complaint, and that the Government of Syria Mr. BELL. Mr. Speaker, on October 30, as the line of prisoners marched towards the will respect the laws of war and international 1973, accompanying legislation to create neighbouring Syrian strong-point. According Conventions. to the evidence of the Syrian prisoners, orders a Mulholland National Scenic Parkway (H.R. 11163), I made a statement for were given to the Syrian escort to klll every LETTER TO SECRETARY OF STATE KISSINGER Israeli prisoner who lagged behind. Two of the RECORD describing the 50-year his­ the prisoners had difficulty in walking be­ DEAR MR. SECRETARY: As members of the tory of Mulholland Drive and Highway in cause they were wounded, and they were U.S. House of Representatives, we want to Los Angeles, explaining my conception of accordingly shot dead by the Syrian soldiers. raise with you an issue of great humani­ tarian concern that has developed as a result the improvements which would be desir­ 5. Five photographs are attached which of the war in the Middle East. able or necessary to convert the 53¥2 -mile show with horrifying clarity what was seen The governments of Israel and Egypt have road to a national scenic parkway, and by the Israeli soldiers who found the bodies recently completed an exchange o! prisoners, detailing briefly the elements of city, of the murdered Israeli prisoners-of-war. It ts and it ls widely recognized that this ex­ coW1ty, State, and Federal participation possible to distinguish plainly that the peditious action has made a significant con­ which are basic to this proposal. prisoners were concentrated in a single group tribution to the prospect for peace talks be­ Over the last 5 weeks this legislation in and then were shot at point-blank range. tween Israel and Arab nations. principal has been endorsed by the Gov­ It can also be seen that all of them had been A similar exchange of prisoners with Syria ernor of California, the mayor of Los blindfolded "Vith bits of clothing and rags, has been proposed by the government of and that the hands of every one of them had Angeles, the director of the State de­ Israel. To date, the government of Syria has partment of parks and recreation, the been bound behind his back. not only refused to agree to such a procedure, 6. The circumstances of the murder of all but it has also neglected to fulfill its obli­ Los Angeles County Parks and Recrea­ the Israeli prisoners-of-war, as described gations under the Geneva Convention and tion Commission, the Los Angeles City above, bound hand and foot and helpless, international law with regard to the treat­ Recreation and Parks Commission, the prove that these were acts of deliberate mass ment of prisoners. The government of Syria Sierra Club, the Friends of the Santa murder of Israeli prisoners-of-war who had has failed to provide the International Red Monica Mountains' and Seashore, the fallen into Syrian hands. Cross access to the Israeli prisoners and has Federation of Hillside and Canyon As­ 7. The fact that four separate groups of also denied a request for an immediate ex­ sociation-representing 11 property own­ bodies of Israeli prisoners-of-war were found change of wounded prisoners. ers groups along the proposed park­ in different places leads to the conclusion The Syrians are believed to be holding ap- way route-the Los Angeles Times and 39586 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS December 4, 1973 the Los Angeles Herald Examiner. Sen­ cases, be undertaken on City and County areas of the Santa Monica Mountains and ator JOHN TuNNEY, of California, has in­ rights-of-way and adjacent State and local (after ten years and an investment of $40 troduced a companion bill in the Senate parklands. million) ha.s made substantial progress to­ I do not anticipate difficulty in the negotia­ ward that end. cosponsored by Senator ALAN CRANSTON, tions regarding administration. There is am­ Mott has, moreover, also stipulated that of California. ple precedent for the National Park Service to even this commitment is not intended as a In addition, the following California relinquish areas or aspects of administrative terminal goal for recreational development Members of Congress cosponsored my bill responsibility for its facilities. and preservation of the Santa Monica Moun­ when I reintroduced it on November 15, 4. Is there precedent for a combined City­ tains. 1973: Mr. ANDERSON, Mrs. BURKE of Cal­ County-State-Federal undertaking such as Accordingly, at least the first stage of the ifornia, Mr. BURTON, Mr. CORMAN, Mr. the Mulholland National Scenic Parkway? Mulholland National Scenic Parkway con­ Answer: Not to my knowledge. Nor is there cept focuses on the improvement and link­ GOLDWATER, Mr. HAWKINS, Mr. HOSMER, a comparable facility in the National Park ing up of already available land with only Mr. MCCLOSKEY, Mr. MOORHEAD of Cali­ system which is located almost entirely in an limited acquisition of new land and new fornia, Mr. Moss, Mr. REES, Mr. ROYBAL, urban area. rights-of-way. Mr. STARK, and Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON But, particularly with the present energy There is, however, a point of view ad­ of California. crisis, it makes sense for the Department of vanced by the Friends of the Santa Monica In due course I will place in the RECORD the Interior to begin sponsoring innovative Mountains' Parks and Seashore that "fed­ the statements of each of the endorsing federal recreational programs closer to our eral funding for park roads should not ex­ population centers. clude federal funding for direct park and individuals and agencies. Today, how­ The Mulholland proposal has the added beach land acquisition." ever, I wish to offer answers to 10 ques­ advantage of allowing the federal government Those who share this position will not tions which have been put forward by to build on major recreational and roadway necessarily be compromised by supporting interested Los Angeles residents regard­ investments already made at other levels of the Mulholland National Scenic Parkway ing my intent in the introduction of this government. legislation because the goals are not mutual­ legislation. The responses to these ques­ The cost of this plan from scratch (includ­ ly exclusive. ing construction of the 53.5 miles of moun­ For example, the first five parkways in the tions have already been forwarded to the ta,in roadway) would be considerably more Department of the Interior, the National National Park system included a. total of than a billion dollars and would not even be 130,410 federal acres, averaging slightly less Park Service, the House Interior and In­ considered by the Congress or the Depart­ than 25,000 acres per parkway. More than sular Affairs Committee, and to Senators ment of the Interior. 23,000 acres have been authorized for the TUNNEY and CRANSTON, as an amplifica­ 5. What would the Mulholland National most recent John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial tion of my legislative intent. Scenic Parkway legislation accomplish? Parkway in Wyoming. The questions and answers follow: Answer: The Mulholland National Scenic It should also be noted that Senator Tun­ Parkway would link together City, County ney, the author of the bill to create a Santa THE PROPOSED MULHOLLAND NATIONAL SCENIC and State Recreational facilities in the Santa PARKWAY-QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Monica Mountain and Seashore National Monica Mountains which are located on Mul­ Urban Park (81270), introduced Mulholland (By Congressman ALPHONZO BELL) holland Drive or Mulholland Highway. Parkway companion legislation last week in 1. What do you estimate to be the cost of These include Leo Carillo State Beach, the the Senate. the proposed Mulholland National · Scenic projected Century Ranch State Park, the In the past the Dep_art~ent of the Interior Parkway? 7,200 acre Santa Monica Mountain Urban has expressed concern about the "full use" Answer: I envisioned participation to be State Park, the projected City Wilderness potential of land in the Santa Monica Moun­ approximately $30 million. Park ( on what had been Nike Base 96) , and tains. These objections, however, would not Ideally, this would be provided at the rate the Hollywood Bowl. apply to the Scenic Parkway program. of $4.8 million a year for six years divided In addition, separate ancillary Mulholland And even if establishment of the Mulhol­ equally between Parkway improvement proj­ Trails (of 5 to 10 miles each) would link land National Scenic Parkway did not en­ ects in Los Angeles City and Los Angeles Griffith Municipal Park and the Pilgrimage courage the Department of the Interior sub­ County. Theater to the Parkway in the east; Point sequently to increase its investment in the An additional $1.2 million (made available Mugu State Park in the West; and Will area (as often happens with National Park at the rate of $200,000 a year for six years) Rogers State Historic Park near the center facilities) the Parkway might very well have would go to Ventura County for trails and of the Santa Monica Mountain Range. that effect on the State Department of Parks other improvements linking Point Mugu The plan would anticipate the placement and Recreation and even on city and county State Park with the Scenic Parkway. of additional secondary parks and picnic agencies. This does not take into a,ecount the cost areas, parking cut-outs, scenic overlooks, hik­ 8. Are there other National Parkways in of City, County, and State projects, already ing and labeled nature trails, bicycle trails, our National Park System? planned, on and adjacent to Mulholland. equestrian trails and, perhaps, a network of Answer: Yes. There are six others. The 2. How will present and contemplated City, hostels along the route. most recently dedicated is the 82 mile John County, and Sta.to programs involving Mul­ All of this would be done as part of a D. Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial Parkway which holland Drive and Mulholland Highway be Master Plan to beautify the 53.5 miles of links Yellowstone and Grand Teton National affected by this legislation? Mulholland Drive and Highway. Parks. Answer: Section 4 of the bill requires the 6. Will it be necessary to widen Mulhol­ The 29 mile Baltimore-Washington Park­ Secretary of the Interior to coordinate de­ land Drive and Highway in order to establish way provides a good example of special juris­ velopment of the Parkway with Los Angeles the Scenic Parkway? dictional arrangements which can be made City and County agencies and with the Cali­ Answer: No. The widening of Mulholland for National Parkways. fornia Department of Parks and Recreation. is an issue which will be resolved at local Nineteen miles of this Parkway are ad­ Section 4 also requires the Secretary to act levels of government. ministered by the National Park Service. Ten to "assure that the National Parkway pro­ miles are administered by the State of Mary­ gram will augment and not supersede" pres­ The proposed National Scenic Parkway land. ent City, County and State programs on the could be adjusted to whatever decisions are 9. Will federal investment in the Mulhol­ Mulholland route. made by City and County agencies. land Parkway stimulate demands for sim.1- National Scenic Parkway legislation can My personal preference, however, is that lar projects in or near other population only be helpful to City, County, and State Mulholland not be widened and, in fact, not centers? programs involving Mulholland. be considered a major east-west artery but, Answer: There a·re no comparable oppor­ 3. Who would administer the Mulholland instead, be regarded as a 53¥2 mile ribbon tunities in any major city in the United National Scenic Parkway? park. States. Answer: The bill calls for the Secretary 7. Would passage of the Mulholland Na­ The Mulholland project is possible only be­ of the Interior to administer the Parkway tional Scenic Parkway legislation preclude cause (thanks to the initiative of Los Ange­ in accordance with the Act of August 25, federal acquisition of parkland in the Santa les residents beginning fifty years ago) Mul­ 1916, as amended and supplemented. Monica Mountains? holland Drive and Highway now exists and However, the Secretary under this Answer: The State Department of Parks (thanks to City, County and State Recrea­ Act has considerable discretionary author­ and Recreation ha.s taken the position that tion Departments (major park facilities have ity to issue licenses covering the use of land acquisition in the Santa Monica Moun­ already been established on the 53 .5 mile parkway lands and this quite likely would tains should be funded by state govern­ route. result in some, if not all, administrative re­ ment with the Mulholland connecting cor­ It is, however, reasonable that other urban sponsibilities being assigned to a County, or a. ridor being developed as a federal project, areas should propose similarly innovative co­ specially created City-County-State, agency. as proposed in the legislation which has been operative park ventures to the Department It should be remembered that the National introduced. of the Interior based on shared costs by City, Parkway will be located on what are now City State Director William Penn Mott, Jr. has County, and State agen<:les. and County roadways and that recreation defined an initial land acquisition program And I believe they should be given a sym­ and beautification projects will, in many totaling 40 to 50 thousand acres in three pathetic hearing because I believe our urban December 5, 1973 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE 39587 a.rea.s ought to be better served by our Na­ Both the Los Angeles Times and the Los expressing deep sorrow at the passing of· tional Park system. Angeles Herald Examiner have editorialized 10. Does the Mulholland National Scenic in behalf of the proposal. And we under­ Marie McDowell, dedicated member of Parkway proposal have signlfic&nt commun­ stand other local publications and citizens' Alaska's State Board of Education since ity support? groups are also preparing supporting state· Answer: Yes. The legislation is supported ments. 1971. I wish to take this opportunity to by the California. Department of Parks and Recreation, by the Los Angeles County De­ recognize the high principles aml strong partment of Parks and Recreation, and by TRIBUTE _TO MARIE McDOWELL, OF convictions she demonstrated during her_ the Los Angeles City Recreation and Parks ALASKA Commission. tenure on the State board of education. It ha.s been endorsed by Mayor Bradley. It Marie McDowell was a concerned in­ will be cosponsored in the U.S. Senate by HON. DON YOUNG Sena.tor Alan Cranston and Sena.tor John dividual and advocate of the youth, who OF ALASKA Tunney of CallfO'l'nia. contributed much to the betterment of A resolution has been introduced in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Los Angeles City Council (proposed by Tuesday, December 4, 1973 Alaska's educational system. All of Councilman Wachs, seconded by Council­ man Braude) expressing support for the Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Speaker, I Alaska will feel the loss of her wisdom legislation. would like to join my fellow Alaskans in and devoted service.

SENATE-Wednesday, December 5, 1973 The Senate met at 11 a.m. and was dar No. 572, Senate Joint Resolution 133. chapter m of chapter 53 of such title re­ called to order by the President pro tem­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The lating to classification and general pore (Mr. EASTLAND) • joint resolution will be stated. schedule pay rat.es,"; and, in line 24, The legislative clerk read as follows: after "(d) ", strike out "service of an in­ PRAYER S.J. Res. 133, to provide for the establsh· dividual as a member of an ad hoc com­ Dr. Frank E. Gaebelein, headmaster ment of the American Indian Policy Review mittee, or employment by the Commis­ emeritus, the Stony Brook School, Stony Commission. sion of an attorney or expert in any job Brook, N.Y., offered the following prayer: The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there or professional field on a part-time or objection to the consideration of a joint full-time basis with or without compen­ O God of all love and compassion, Thou sation shall not be considered as service who dost work redemptivcly among men, resolution? There being no objection, the Senate or employment bringing such individual we confess our need of ThY cleansing and within the provisions of the act of Octo­ healing power in our lives and in our proceeded to consider the joint resolu­ tion, which had been reported from the ber 23, 1962 (76 Stat. 1119) ." and insert country. Thou art ever gracious to forgive "Any individual serving as a member of us our sins when we truly turn to Thee. Committee on Interior and Insular Af­ fairs with amendments on page 5, line 14, an ad hoc committee, or any attorney or Teach us, therefore, to be forgiving in expert in any job or professional field all our dealings with others. Thou art after the word "Senate", insert "Com­ mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs"· employed by the Commission on a part­ just and righteous in all Thy ways. In­ time or full-time basis with or without crease, therefore, our sensitivity to injus­ in line 16, after the word "House", insert "of Representatives"; in line 21, after the compensation, shall, while engaged in tice and quicken our concern for the poor such service or employment, be deemed and oppressed. word "Representatives", insert "Com­ mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs"· a "special Government employee" within Sustain and encourage, we beseech the meaning of section 202 of title 18 Thee, all who bear the burdens of gov­ on page 6, line 21, aft.er the word "above"' United States Code... • erning our Nation. May the Members of insert "Indian members"; in line 23, afte; the word "any", insert "one"; on page 7, The amendments were agreed to. this body be given discernment in know­ The joint resolution, as amended, was ing Thy will and integrity in doing it. at the beginning of line 13, strike out And grant, O gracious God, that with "$150 per diem when engaged in the ac­ passed. clarity of mind and soundness of judg­ tual performance of duties vested in the The preamble was agreed to. ment they may glorify Thee in all their Commission, plus reimbursement for The joint resolution, as amended, with work today. travel, subsistence, and other necessary the declaration and preamble, reads as In the name of Him who is the Way, expenses incurred by them in the per­ follows: the Truth, and the Life. Amen. formance of such duties." and insert DECLARATION OF POLICY "$100 for each day such member is en­ It ls here by declared to be the policy of gaged in the actual performance of du­ Congress that the unique and longstand­ THE JOURNAL ing legal relationship between the American ties vested in the Commission, but not to Indian people and the Federal Government Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask exceed sixty days in any one calendar shall- unanimous consent that the reading of year. Each member shall be reimbursed ( a) be fully recognized and respected; and the Journal of the proceedings of Tues­ for travel expenses, including per diem in (b) serve as the foundation for a funda­ day, December 4, 1973, be dispensed with. lieu of subsistence, as authorized by sec­ mental reform of Federal-Indian relations so The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With­ tion 5703 of title 5, United States Code~ as to develop and implement a new national out objection, it is so ordered. for persons employed intermittently in Indian policy to encourage and assist the full the Government service."; on page 9, line development of the unique human and natu­ 1, after the word "to", strike out "In­ ral resources of Indian people. COMMITTEE MEETINGS DURING dians;" and insert "Indians, and provide DECLARATION OF PURPOSE SENATE SESSION specifically for a management study of Recognizing that the Unique relationship the Bureau of Indian Affairs utilizing ex­ of the American Indian people and the Fed­ Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask eral Government is based upon the Consti­ unanimous consent that all committees perts from the public and private sec­ 12, 1, tution, numerous treaties and .a. still-growing may .be authorized to meet during the tors;"; on page line after the word body of statutory law and court decisions, session of the Senate today. "this", strike out_"Act and such moneys that this relationship carries with it a Fed­ The PRESIDENT pro tempare. With­ as may be appropriated shall be avail­ eral trust responsibility for the protection out objection, it is so ordered. able to the Commission until expended" of Indian land and rights to other natural and insert "Act"; at the beginning of resources and for the provision of public line 5, strike out "the civil service laws services to Indian people, that this solemn and regulations and without regard to and legal responsibility has not been ade­ AMERICAN INDIAN POLICY REVIEW the Classification Act of 1949, as amend­ quately fulfilled, that the Indian people have COMMISSION been denied the opportunity to realize the ed," and insert "provisions of title · 5 full potential of their human and natural Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask United States Code, governing appoini-: resources, and, therefore, th.at those results unanimous consent that the Senate ments in the competitive services and demonstrate that the national Indian polioy proceed to the consideration of ca1en- the provisions of chapter 51 and' sub- and the administration of Indian affairs ls