Types of Astragalus and Iris in the Flora of the Northern Slopes Of

International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29, No. 8, (2020), pp.3513-3516

Types Of Astragalus And Iris in The Flora Of The Northern Slopes Of The Turkestan Ridge Azimova D.E1, Xamroev D2, Toshpo’latov O3, Ibragimov I4 1Jizzakh state pedagogical institute, philosophy in biological sciences 2Student of Jizzakh state pedagogical institute 3,4 Master of Jizzakh state pedagogical institute

Abstract This article is devoted to species of astragalus and iris in the flora of the northern slopes of the Turkestan ridge. It contains information on the biogeographic location of the Turkestan ridge and analysis of the species Astragalus and Iris in the flora of the northern slopes of the Turkestan ridge with related flora, life forms, habitats, rare and endemic species.

Key words: flora, family, genus, species, habitat, hemicryptophyte, chamefit, therophyte

1. Introduction The Turkestan Range is a mountain in the Gissar massif. Located in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. Irrigation between the Syr Darya and Zarafshan. It extends 350 km from east to west from the Mastchokh mountain range to the middle course of the Zeravshan River and has a width of more than 60 km. In the east, in the upper reaches of the Sokh River, it is separated from the Alai Mountains by the Mastho Range, and in the west it ends at the Parmontepa Fortress. The Turkestan ridge surrounds the Ferghana Valley in the east and Mirzachol in the west. The eastern part is high (5000-5400 m), covered with snow and glaciers. The western part (Chumkartov) is low (2600-3400 m). The highest point is 5680 m in the east (peak of the pyramid), Bazarkhanim peak (3405 m) in the west and the Mulguzar mountains in the northwest. They are separated from each other by the Sangzor River Valley. The Nurata Mountains are also considered a continuation of the Turkestan Range. It is separated from Molguzar by the mountain road of the Serpentine Grass. There are many passes on the Turkestan ridge. The Ustrushna-Dushanbe highway passes through the Shahristan pass. The northern slope of the Turkestan Range is connected with slopes, hills and hills. Shim. To the east of the river slopes, such as Boragan, Bosmondik, Aksuv, Lailak and Isfara, receive water from hills and glaciers. In the west, the left tributaries of the Sangzor River: the Guralash, Boykonur, Kukjar, Tangatopdi, Dzhumdzhum, Bakhmazar rivers are saturated with snow and spring rainwater. Rivers are used for irrigation completely when they reach the plains without flowing into certain basins; Zaamin and Jizzakh reservoirs are built. The climate is continental, with different characteristics in different parts. The foothills and foothills have a hot and dry climate. The average annual traffic is 13G-12.2. The average January temperature is 0.2, and July 25 is 26. Maximum 45. The annual rainfall is more than 600-700 mm. Part of the rain falls in the form of snow. Despite the existence of botanical studies conducted over a century, the territory and flora of the Turkestan Range are characterized by a rich composition. Scientific research on the northern slopes of the Turkestan Range dates back to the middle of the last century. The first valuable data on the flora and vegetation of the system were provided by M. G. Popov and N. V. Androsov (1926) [1]. Later, most of the studies of vegetation and flora of this region belonged to E. M. Demurina [2]. Particular attention is paid to determining the species composition of some plant groups in the flora of the northern slopes of the Turkestan ridge, the distribution and current status of their populations. These plant groups include Fabaceae (Astragalus). This family is one of the largest in the flora of Uzbekistan and has more than 267 species [3]. Many of these species are valuable fodder plants and play an important role in

International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29, No. 8, (2020), pp.3513-3516 animal husbandry.1 The ratio of astragalus and iris species in the flora of the northern slopes of the Turkestan ridge (% of species) Categories Flora of the Flora of the Flora of Zaamin Flora of Southwest Tien Shan Malguzar State Reserve Nuratinsky Range reserve Astragalus 101 (4,9%) 70 (5,58%) 62 (5,2%) 37 (4,7 %) Iris 5 (0,24) 4 (0,31) 1 (0,08)

When we consider the relationship between the species Astragalus and Iris in the flora of the northern slopes of the Turkestan Range, 101 (4.9%) of the 2056 species in the Uzbek part of the southwestern Tien Shan belong to the genus Astragalus (Tajibaev, 2010). In the flora of the Molguzar Range, 70 (5.58%) of 1255 species belong to the astragalus family. In the flora of the Zaamin State Reserve, there are 1,192 species, of which 60 (5.2%) belong to this category (Esankulov, 2012). In the flora of the Nuratinsky reserve of the astragalus family (376 species), there are 37 species (4.66) (Beshko, 1999). Pseudoammotrophus, Pseudoammotrophus, Myobroma, Xiphidium, Erionotus, Lithoon, Macrothrix are the main species of the genus Astragalus. Three species are distributed throughout the Pamirs and make up 4.9% of the total number of species. These species include species Brachycarpus, Microcystis, Corethrum, Lithoon. In the mountainous Central Asia, there are 7 types of Alopecias, Myobroma, Severtzovia, Cystium, Theiochrus, Lithoon. Some species of Astragalus connect the Pamir-Alai ranges with Central Asia and Khorasan, Iran and Siberia. For example, A. lasiosemius Boiss. (Закржевский, №113. 1934.Попов, Андросов, 1926), A. macronyx Bunge (Л.Назаренко, 1944 Б.Закржевский, № 255. 1935.), A. alopecias Pall. (Б.Закржевский, №103. 1935.), A. stalinskyi Sirj. (Попов, Андросов, 1926, Б.Закржевский, № 9. 1934), A. sarytavicus Popov (Б.Закржевский, № 158. 1935. Е.Е. Короткова, 1938). Once, separate representations include a species endemic to a particular region (A. sieversianus Pall. (Е.Е. Короткова, А.П. Васильковская № 169. 1937.), A. globiceps Bunge (В.У.Макарчук, 1965 год.) I am the Head.) When we look at the life forms of the Astragalus species, we see that most species are hemicryptophytes. However, some types of teraphites (Astragalus bakaliensis Bunge Reliq., Astragalus commixtus Bunge Arbeiten Naturf., Astragalus compositus Pavlov Bull., Astragalus dipelta Bunge, Astragalus oxyglottis M. Bieb., Astragalus schmalhausenii Bunge, Astragalus sesamoides Boiss., Astragalus stalinskyi Sirj.), xamefit ((Astragalus bactrianus Fisch.(=Astracantha bactriana (Bunge). Podlech). Mém.,) Astragalus chodshenticus B. Fedtsch., Astragalus dendroides Kar. et Kir. Bull., Astragalus lasiosemius Boiss., Astragalus lasiostylus Fisch. (=Astracantha lasiostyla (Bunge). Podlech, Astragalus pterocephalus Bunge Astrag., Astragalus urgutinus Lipsky., Astragalus variegatus Franch.), teenager(Astragalus camptoceras Bunge Mém., Astragalus campylorhynchus Fisch. & C.A. Mey., Astragalus campylotrichus Bunge Izv., Astragalus vicarius Lipsky.) has a life form. When considering the distribution of Astragalus and Iris species in the flora of the northern slopes of the Turkestan ridge by habitat type, type of habitat of the Turkestan-Mulguzar. The range is endemic to the Kokhistan region, which borders the Turkestan and Molguzar ranges. Astragalus belolipovii Kamelin ex F.O. Khass. et N. Sulajm., A. russanovii F.O. Khass., Sarybaeva et Esankulov. and etc. Gorno-Gissar type district. It covers the Turkestan, Zarafshan, Gissar ranges and partially the Korataginsky ridge. Astragalus aphanassjevii Gontsch., Astragalus lasiostylus Fisch., A. lipskyi Popov, A. urgutinus Lipsky, Iris tadshikorum Vved. and etc.

1 Гончаров Н.Ф. Astragalus L. – Астрагал. Флора Узбекистана. – Ташкент: АН УзССР, 1955. Т. III. – С. 473-686.

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Northern Pamyrol is a type of region. Aloisk, Turkestan and Molguzar ranges. Iris linifoliiformis (Khalk.) Tojibaev & Turginov et al. Western Pamir habitat. It covers the Turkestan, Zarafshan, Gissar ranges and their western branches, as well as the Darvaz ranges, the Academy of Sciences, Mazar, Peter I. However, it does not include the western part of the Pamir and the Alai range. The heads of the Astragalus kelleri Popov, A. marguzaricus Lipsky A. subverticillatus Gontsch et al. The dying district is a tipi. This type includes all mountain ranges of the Pamir-Alai, from the Alai, Turkestan and Nurata ranges to the Badakhshan part of the Western Pamir. Astragalus iskanderi Lipsky, A. jagnobicus Lipsky, A. nobilis Bunge & B.Fedtsch et al. West Pamir-Pamir region. It covers the Chu-Ili mountains, Karatag, from the western part of the Kyrgyz ridge to Kurama, the Ferghana ridge and the Pamir-Alai ridge. Astragalus adpressipilosus Gontsch., A. xanthomeloides Korovin & Popov et al. Mountain Central Asian habitat. It borders the Central Asian province and covers the western part of the Tien Shan and the Pamir-Alai (with the exception of the Eastern Pamir). This type mainly includes species bordering the province of Central Asia. Astragalus eximius Bunge et al. Tipi Orthodox Area. It includes the mountain ranges and plains of Central Asia (from Tarbagatay to Kopetdag) and partially to Western Mongolia, northwestern China, northern Afghanistan and northern Iran. Astragalus macrotropis Bunge et al. When considering the ratio of iris species in the flora of the northern slopes of the Turkestan ridge, 5 out of 2056 species (0.24%) in the Uzbek part of the southwestern Tien Shan belong to the Iris family (Tajibaev, 2010). In the flora of the Molguzar Range, 4 out of 1255 species (0.31%) belong to the iris family. In the flora of the Zaamin State Reserve, there are 1,192 species, of which 1 species (0.08%) belongs to this category (Esankulov, 2012).) In the flora of the Nuratinsky Reserve, we do not find any species of iris. Iris linifoliiformis (Khalk.) Tojibaev & Turginov Phytotaxa 158 (3): 228, 2014. Ирис льнолистновидный - Kanopbargsimon gulsafsar. Kriptofit. Polycarp grass with roots. Northern vacation. Medium mountain, fine-grained, stony, gravel. Decorative. (Короткова, nо5, 1938). Iris maracandica (Vved.) Wendelbo. Bot. Not. 128: 216, 1975. Ирис самаркандский - Samarkand of Gulsafsari. Kriptofit. Polycarp grass with roots. Mount Nurata. Lower and middle mountains, fine- grained, stony, gravel. Decorative. (Введенский, no169, 1921; Бешко, Азимова, sn, 2012; Тожибаев, Бешко, Батошов, sn, 2014; Tojibaev, Hang Sun et al, no17032, 2014). Iris narbutii O.Fedtsch. Izv. Ob. Ljub. Est. Antr. I Etr. 103: 147, 1902. Ирис Нарбута - Narbut Gulsafsari. Cryptophytic algae. West-West Pamir. Polycarp grass with roots. Western Pamir. Plains, hills and low mountains, beautiful soils. Decorative. (Введенский, no182, 1921; Короткова, Васильковская, no525, 1937; Азимова, sn, 2012). Iris tadshikorum Vved. Bull. Univ. As. Centr. 21: 152, 1935. Ирис таджикский - Tajik Gulsafsari. Kriptofit. Polycarp grass with roots. Ko'histon account. Medium mountain, gravel and rocky. Decorative. (Назаренко, sn, 1947; Гордова, sn, 1961; Абакумов, sn, 1978). Astragalus and Iris are rare and endemic species in the flora of the northern slopes of the Turkestan Range, which are included in the Red Book of the Republic of Uzbekistan. These are endemic species Fabaceae (Astragalus belolipovii Kamelin ex F.O. Khass. et N. Sulajm., Astragalus kelleri Popov), Kohistan (Uzbek) and Nurata (Iris maracandica (Vved.) Wendelbo). Analysis of the endemic and subendemic fractions of the studied flora shows that the flora of the northern slopes of the Turkestan ridge is one of those associated with the flora of Molguzar and Nurat.

International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29, No. 8, (2020), pp.3513-3516

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