Lichens of Canada Exsiccati, Fascicle I, Nos. 1-25

Opuscula Philolichenum, 17: 335-341. 2018. *pdf effectively published online 12October2018 via (http://sweetgum.nybg.org/philolichenum/)

R. TROY MCMULLIN1* AND LYNDSEY SHARP2

ABSTRACT. – A new exsiccati is initiated, Lichens of Canada, disseminated by the National Herbarium of Canada (CANL) at the Canadian Museum of Nature. Thirty-one sets of 25 species from the Hudson Bay Lowlands in northern Ontario and Salt Spring Island in British Columbia are distributed to: B, BG, C, CANB, COLO, DUKE, E, EWU, FH, FR, GZU, H, HMAS, KANU, LD, M, MSC, NBM, NFLD, NY, O, OSU, PMAE, QFA, S, SWSG, TNS, TU, UBC, UPS, WIS.

KEYWORDS. – Biodiversity, fungi, lichenology, mycology, natural history collections, scheda.

INTRODUCTION

Exsiccati are identically numbered sets of dried specimens distributed to herbaria (Sayre 1969, 1971). Their purpose is to disseminate material from particular areas, or of specific groups of taxa, for examination by researchers in other parts of the world (Stafleu 1972, Stevenson 1971). An exchange of duplicate specimens serves a similar function and is often done instead of exsiccati. The benefit of exsiccati however, is that sets are consistent and provide an alternative to sorting through herbaria to locate specimens from a particular region since they are all in one place and usually organised in a catalogue. In Canada, two exsiccati that contain lichens have been distributed in the past by the National Herbarium of Canada (CANL) at what is now the Canadian Museum of Nature. The first, ‘Canadian Lichens’, was prepared by John Macoun and disseminated in two series. Culberson (1959) and Brodo (1971), however, do not consider Macoun’s sets to be proper exsiccati because locality data and dates were often missing and the material in each set was not consistent. The second one issued, Lichenes Canadenses Exsiccati, was distributed in four fascicles and included 250 numbers (Brodo 1971, 1977, 1984; Brodo & Wong 1993). A third set of exsiccati of note was also distributed, “Lichenes Arctici”, by John Thomson, which included many lichens from the Canadian Arctic. A new exsiccati series is initiated here, Lichens of Canada, distributed by CANL and produced by the Lichenology Section of the Canadian Museum of Nature. New numbers will be issued regularly consisting of specimens collected throughout the country. Specimens in this fascicle were collected in the Hudson Bay Lowlands of northern Ontario (23 species) and Salt Spring Island in British Columbia (2 species) by the first author.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Identifications. – We identified specimens with light microscopy and standard chemical spot tests with paraphenylenediamine in ethyl alcohol, nitric acid, sodium hypochlorite, 10% and 20% potassium hydroxide, and Lugol’s iodine (Brodo et al. 2001). We further examined the chemistry using an ultraviolet light chamber. For specimens that could not be identified by morphology, chemical spot tests, or ultraviolet light, we examined the chemistry using thin-layer chromatography following Culberson and Kristinsson (1970) in solvents A, B′, and C.

1R. TROY MCMULLIN – Canadian Museum of Nature, Research and Collections, PO Box 3443 Stn “D”, Ottawa, ON, K1P 6P4, Canada 2LYNDSEY SHARP – Canadian Museum of Nature, Research and Collections, PO Box 3443 Stn “D”, Ottawa, ON, K1P 6P4, Canada *AUTHOR FOR CORRESPONDENCE – e-mail: [email protected]

335 Specimen Preparation. – We prepared specimens using three different methods. The first was for material that required pressing. We softened the lichens with deionized water until pliable. After dividing the material into appropriate sizes for packets, we pressed them between newsprint and corrugated cardboard until dry (1-3 days). The second method was for material on soil. To prevent the soil from breaking apart, we used a 4-1 mixture of Weldbond Universal Adhesive (white PVA glue) and deionized water. The mixture was applied using a paintbrush over the bottom surface and lower edges of specimens and then dried with the lower surface facing up. Lastly, specimens on lignum or branches were cut to appropriate lengths to fit into packets using pruning shears. We then placed all specimens on UV negative, acid-free cardboard cards, lined with natural, unbleached cotton batting. Specimens that we glued down were affixed with Weldbond Universal Adhesive. We placed the mounted specimens in pure cotton, acid-free paper packets.

DATA FOR FASCICLE I – NUMBERS 1-25

1. Letharia vulpina (L.) Hue Det. R.T. McMullin, 2016

CANADA. BRITISH COLUMBIA. CAPITAL REGIONAL DISTRICT: Municipalities of Greater Victoria, Salt Spring Island, Mount Maxwell Provincial Park, on Mt. Maxwell Road, ca. 1 km below the summit, at a road side pull off. – Lat. 48.8109, Long. -123.5314. – Elev. ca. 482 m. – Old-growth mixed-wood coniferous forest dominated by Pseudotsuga menziesii, at the forest edge. – Corticolous on a Pseudotsuga menziesii trunk.

R. Troy McMullin #17050 31 May 2016 w/ Robert Cameron and Christopher Lewis

2. Solorina saccata (L.) Ach. Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

CANADA. ONTARIO. KENORA DISTRICT: ca. 320 km south of Hudson Bay and ca. 280 km west of James Bay on the eastern shore of the Attawapiskat River. – Lat. 52.9261, Long. -85.8394 – Elev. <100 m. – Mature conifer dominated mixed-wood forest on well-drained calcareous soil. – Terricolous. – Accessed by helicopter.

R. Troy McMullin #15964 15 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

3. Tuckermanopsis americana (Spreng.) Hale Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

CANADA. ONTARIO. KENORA DISTRICT: ca. 286 km south of Hudson Bay and ca. 12.6 km south of the Attawapiskat River. – Lat. 52.9801, Long. -85.3964. – Elev. <100 m. – Fen, dominant vegetation includes Carex chordorrhiza, Chamaedaphne calyculata, Larix laricina, Picea mariana, Trichophorum alpinum, and T. cespitosum. – Corticolous. – Accessed by helicopter.

R. Troy McMullin #15978 13 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

4. Phaeocalicium populneum (Brond. ex Duby) Alb. Schmidt Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

CANADA. ONTARIO. KENORA DISTRICT: ca. 330 km south of Hudson Bay and ca. 280 km west of James Bay along the eastern shore of the Attawapiskat River. – Lat. 52.6858, Long. -85.9378. – Elev. <100 m. – Mature Populus stand on well-drained soil within a conifer dominated mixed-wood forest. – Corticolous on Populus. – Accessed by helicopter.

R. Troy McMullin #15982 20 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

336 5. Parmelia sulcata Taylor Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

R. Troy McMullin #15983 20 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

6. Cladonia stellaris (Opiz) Pouzar & Vězda Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

CANADA. ONTARIO. KENORA DISTRICT: ca. 333 km south of Hudson Bay and ca. 4.2 km west of Deugo Lake. – Lat. 52.8319, Long. -86.5564. – Elev. <100 m. – Sparsely treed bog, dominant vegetation includes Chamaedaphne calyculata, Cladonia stellaris, C. stygia, Kalmia angustifolia, Ledum groenlandicum, Picea mariana, Sphagnum fuscum, and Vaccinium oxyccoccus. – Terricolous. – Accessed by helicopter.

R. Troy McMullin #15985 11 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

7. Cladonia deformis (L.) Hoffm. Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

R. Troy McMullin #15986 11 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

8. Calicium tigillare (Ach.) Pers. Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

R. Troy McMullin #15989 13 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

9. Cladonia rangiferina (L.) F.H. Wigg. Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

CANADA. ONTARIO. KENORA DISTRICT: ca. 328 km south of Hudson Bay and ca. 575 m east of the Muketei River. – Lat. 52.7742, Long. -86.2987. – Elev. <100 m. – Upland forest ecosystem with well-drained soil, dominant vegetation includes Cladonia stellaris, C. stygia, Picea spp., Pinus banksiana, and Pleurozium schreberi. – Terricolous. – Accessed by helicopter.

R. Troy McMullin #15990 17 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

337 10. Evernia mesomorpha Nyl. Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

R. Troy McMullin #15991 13 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

11. Cladonia cenotea (Ach.) Schaer. Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

CANADA. ONTARIO. KENORA DISTRICT: ca. 342 km south of Hudson Bay and ca. 4.6 km east of the Muketei River. – Lat. 52.7342, Long. -86.2580. – Elev. <100 m. – Sparsely treed bog, dominant vegetation includes Chamaedaphne calyculata, Cladonia stellaris, C. stygia, Kalmia angustifolia, Ledum groenlandicum, Picea mariana, Sphagnum fuscum, and Vaccinium oxyccoccus. – Terricolous. – Accessed by helicopter.

R. Troy McMullin #15992 12 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

12. Icmadophila ericetorum (L.) Zahlbr. Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

R. Troy McMullin #15994 11 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

13. Cladonia wainioi Savicz Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

CANADA. ONTARIO. KENORA DISTRICT: ca. 328 km south of Hudson Bay, ca. 293 km east of James Bay, ca. 5 km east of the Muketei River, and 9.7 km west of McFaulds Lake. – Lat. 52.7750, Long. -86.2139. – Elev. <100 m. – Upland forest ecosystem with well-drained soil, dominant vegetation includes Cladonia stellaris, C. stygia, Picea spp., Pinus banksiana, and Pleurozium schreberi. – Terricolous. – Accessed by helicopter.

R. Troy McMullin #15995 12 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

14. Cladonia crispata (Ach.) Flot. var. crispata Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

R. Troy McMullin #15996 11 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

338 15. Vulpicida pinastri (Scop.) J.-E. Mattsson & M.J. Lai Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

R. Troy McMullin #15998 13 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

16. Cladonia amaurocraea (Flörke) Schaer. Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

CANADA. ONTARIO. KENORA DISTRICT: ca. 330 km south of Hudson Bay and 7.2 km southwest of McFaulds Lake. – Lat. 52.7275, Long. -86.1635. – Elev. <100 m. – Sparsely treed bog, dominant vegetation includes Chamaedaphne calyculata, Cladonia stellaris, C. stygia, Kalmia angustifolia, Ledum groenlandicum, Picea mariana, Sphagnum fuscum, and Vaccinium oxyccoccus. – Terricolous. – Accessed by helicopter.

R. Troy McMullin #15999 12 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

17. Hypogymnia bitteri (Lynge) Ahti Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

CANADA. ONTARIO. KENORA DISTRICT: ca. 391 km south of Hudson Bay and ca. 10.4 km southwest of Kitchie Lake. – Lat. 52.3557, Long. -86.6537. – Elev. <100 m. – Sparsely treed bog, dominant vegetation includes Chamaedaphne calyculata, Cladonia stellaris, C. stygia, Kalmia angustifolia, Ledum groenlandicum, Picea mariana, Sphagnum fuscum, and Vaccinium oxyccoccus. – Corticolous on a conifer. – Accessed by helicopter.

R. Troy McMullin #16202 14 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

18. Cladonia mitis Sandst. Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

CANADA. ONTARIO. KENORA DISTRICT: ca. 342 km south of Hudson Bay and ca. 4.6 km east of the Muketei River. – Lat. 52.7342, Long. -86.2581. – Elev. <100 m. – Sparsely treed bog, dominant vegetation includes Chamaedaphne calyculata, Cladonia stellaris, C. stygia, Kalmia angustifolia, Ledum groenlandicum, Picea mariana, Sphagnum fuscum, and Vaccinium oxyccoccus. – Terricolous. – Accessed by helicopter.

R. Troy McMullin #16203 12 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

19. Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

R. Troy McMullin #16205 13 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

339 20. Peltigera aphthosa (L.) Willd. Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

CANADA. ONTARIO. KENORA DISTRICT: ca. 320 km south of Hudson Bay and ~280 km west of James Bay along the western shore of the Attawapiskat River. – Lat. 52.9233, Long. -85.8450. – Elev. <100 m. – Mature conifer dominated mixed-wood forest on well-drained soil. – Terricolous. – Accessed by helicopter.

R. Troy McMullin #16206 21 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

21. Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hue Det. R.T. McMullin, 2016

CANADA. BRITISH COLUMBIA. CAPITAL REGIONAL DISTRICT: Municipalities of Greater Victoria, Salt Spring Island, Mount Maxwell Provincial Park, on the southwest slope of Mount Maxwell. – Lat. 48.8026, Long. -123.5294. – Elev. ca. 200 m. – Quercus garryana savannah on a steep southwest facing slope, coastal, <1 km from the shore. – Corticolous on a Quercus garryana.

R. Troy McMullin #17051 30 May 2016 w/ Robert Cameron and Christopher Lewis

22. Imshaugia aleurites (Ach.) S.F. Mey. Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

R. Troy McMullin #15839 14 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

23. Cladonia subfurcata (Nyl.) Arnold Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

CANADA. ONTARIO. KENORA DISTRICT: ca. 330 km south of Hudson Bay and ca. 7.2 km southwest of McFaulds Lake. – Lat. 52.7275, Long. -86.1635. – Elev. <100 m. – Sparsely treed bog, dominant vegetation includes Chamaedaphne calyculata, Cladonia stellaris, C. stygia, Kalmia angustifolia, Ledum groenlandicum, Picea mariana, Sphagnum fuscum, and Vaccinium oxyccoccus. – Terricolous. – Accessed by helicopter.

R. Troy McMullin #15894 12 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

24. Cladonia uncialis (L.) F.H. Wigg. ssp. uncialis Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

CANADA. ONTARIO. KENORA DISTRICT: ca. 326 km south of Hudson Bay, ca. 20 km north of Missisa Lake, and ca. 35 km east of the Attawapiskat River. – Lat. 52.5924, Long. -85.4446. – Elev. <100 m. – Sparsely treed bog, dominant vegetation includes Chamaedaphne calyculata, Cladonia stellaris, C. stygia, Kalmia angustifolia, Ledum groenlandicum, Picea mariana, Sphagnum fuscum, and Vaccinium oxyccoccus. – Terricolous. – Accessed by helicopter.

R. Troy McMullin #15874 20 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

340 25. Cladonia stygia (Fr.) Ruoss Det. R.T. McMullin, 2015

CANADA. ONTARIO. KENORA DISTRICT: ca. 352 km south of Hudson Bay, ca. 13.4 km northeast of Kitchie Lake, and ca. 20.8 km west of the Attawapiskat River. – Lat. 52.5567, Long. -86.3548. – Elev. <100 m. – Sparsely treed bog, dominant vegetation includes Chamaedaphne calyculata, Cladonia stellaris, C. stygia, Kalmia angustifolia, Ledum groenlandicum, Picea mariana, Sphagnum fuscum, and Vaccinium oxyccoccus. – Terricolous. – Accessed by helicopter.

R. Troy McMullin #15895 16 July 2015 w/ Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, and Tyler Smith

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We gratefully acknowledge: Robert Cameron, Jennifer Doubt, Murray Dixon, Christopher Lewis, and Tyler Smith for accompanying the first author in the field; Kimberly Madge and Cassandra Robillard for assisting with specimen preparation; BC Parks for providing permission to collect (file: 98700-20/WC-Mt. Maxwell-16#01); and the Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change for funding research in northern Ontario that facilitated the collection of most of the specimens in this fascicle.

LITERATURE CITED

Brodo, I.M. l97l. Lichenes Canadenses Exsiccati: A new series of Canadian lichens. The Bryologist 74: l5l–l53. Brodo, I.M. l977. Lichenes Canadenses Exsiccati: Fascicle II. The Bryologist 79: 385–405. Brodo, I.M. l984. Lichenes Canadenses Exsiccati: Fascicle III. The Bryologist 87: 97–111. Brodo, I.M. and P.Y. Wong 1993. Lichenes Canadenses Exsiccati: Fascicle IV. Mycotaxon 46: 135–140. Brodo, I.M., S.D. Sharnoff, and S. Sharnoff. 2001. Lichens of North America. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut. 795 pp. Culberson, W.L. 1959. “Lichenes Exsiccati” in herbariis Americae Septentrionalis asservati. The Bryologist 62: 45–52. Culberson, C.F. and H. Kristinsson. 1970. A standardized method for the identification of lichen products. Journal of Chromatography 46: 85–93. Stafleu, F.A. 1972. Cryptogamae Exsiccatae. Taxon 21: 351-354. Sayre, G. 1969. Cryptogamae exsiccatae – An annotated bibliography of published exsiccatae of Algae, Lichens, Hepaticae and Musci. Memoirs of The New York Botanical Garden 19: 1-174. Sayre, G. 1971. Cryptogamae exsiccatae – An annotated bibliography of published exsiccatae of Algae, Lichens, Hepaticae and Musci. Memoirs of The New York Botanical Garden 19: 175-276. Stevenson, J.A. 1971. An account of fungus exsiccati containing material from the Americas. Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia 36: 1-563.

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