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Amnesty As a Public Policy Tool for Countering Insurgence in Nigeria Ayodeji A

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Amnesty As a Public Policy Tool for Countering Insurgence in Nigeria Ayodeji A Walden University ScholarWorks Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection 2017 Amnesty as a Public Policy Tool for Countering Insurgence in Nigeria Ayodeji A. Dada Walden University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations Part of the Business Administration, Management, and Operations Commons, and the Management Sciences and Quantitative Methods Commons This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection at ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Walden University College of Social and Behavioral Sciences This is to certify that the doctoral dissertation by Ayodeji Dada has been found to be complete and satisfactory in all respects, and that any and all revisions required by the review committee have been made. Review Committee Dr. Karel Kurst-Swanger, Committee Chairperson, Public Policy and Administration Faculty Dr. Lisa Bryan, Committee Member, Public Policy and Administration Faculty Dr. Lynn Wilson, University Reviewer, Public Policy and Administration Faculty Chief Academic Officer Eric Riedel, Ph.D. Walden University 2017 Abstract Amnesty as a Public Policy Tool for Countering Insurgence in Nigeria by Ayodeji A Dada MS, City University of New York, Brooklyn College, NY, 2011 BS, Kean University, Union, NJ, 2007 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Policy & Administration Walden University December 2017 Abstract Although research has been done on amnesty, little is known about amnesty as a public policy tool toward countering insurgence in Nigeria. The purpose of the study was to examine the role of amnesty as a public policy tool. The research questions are: Is there a difference in people’s view of amnesty that explain the relevance of infrastructural facilities to stimulate economic growth and development in Nigeria? And, are there specific citizen characteristics that explain the differences in the way citizens perceive amnesty as a public policy choice? The theoretical framework was based on Marx’s ideology of conflict theory. This study employed convenience and purposive sampling methods in selecting participant and employed a cross-sectional ex-post facto quantitative research design. Data were collected through a researcher developed survey administered to 100 randomly-selected participants at the Gwagwalada shopping mall, located in the capital city of Abuja. Descriptive statistics and analyses of variances showed a significant mean difference in the perceptions of participants who believed that amnesty would play a viable role in countering insurgency, based on age, income, education, sex, employment status and type of work performed, and the regions in which they reside. However, findings indicate that there is no statistical significance between religious differences or views on economic growth and development and amnesty as a public policy choice. The awareness will provide a framework for better understanding of amnesty as a public policy choice. The positive social change implications include advocacy for amnesty as a public policy tool toward countering insurgence. Implementation of the recommendation of this study lends support to amnesty policies in Nigeria by providing a greater awareness of citizen preferences in policy development. Amnesty as a Public Policy Tool for Countering Insurgency in Nigeria by Ayodeji A Dada MS, City University of New York, Brooklyn College, 2010 BS, Kean University, 2007 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Policy & Administration Walden University December 2017 Dedication I dedicate this dissertation to my wife, Dr. Joan Oleforo, and my children, for their love, understanding, and sacrifice. Acknowledgments I am grateful to God, who has been doing wonders and miracle, guiding me through the successful completion of the program and to express my sincere appreciation to my wife Dr. Joan Oleforo for her compassion, love, understanding, and support. My deep appreciation goes to my dissertation committee chair, Professor Dr. Karel-Kurst Swanger for her diligent support, encouragement, and kindness. I appreciate her supervision, which not only engenders quality but also rejuvenates and replenishes intellectual competence. I equally acknowledge the guidance of Dr. Lisa Bryan, the method expert of my committee. Her helpful feedback on this study is immeasurable and remarkable. I cannot but thank Dr. Lynn Wilson the university reviewer of my committee for all her feedback through the dissertation process Table of Contents List of Tables ..................................................................................................................... iv Chapter 1: Introduction to the Study ................................................................................... 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 Background of the Study ................................................................................................ 4 Statement of the Problem ................................................................................................ 7 Purpose of Study ............................................................................................................. 9 Research Questions and Hypotheses ............................................................................ 12 The Research Questions ............................................................................................ 13 The Hypotheses ......................................................................................................... 13 Theoretical Basis for the Study ..................................................................................... 17 Conflict Theory ......................................................................................................... 17 Nature of the Study ....................................................................................................... 19 Operational Definitions ................................................................................................. 19 Assumptions .................................................................................................................. 24 Scope of the Study ........................................................................................................ 24 Limitations and Delimitations of This Study ................................................................ 25 Significance of the Study for Social Change ................................................................ 26 Chapter 1 Summary ...................................................................................................... 28 Chapter 2: Literature Review ............................................................................................ 30 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 30 Literature Search Strategy............................................................................................. 31 Research Output ........................................................................................................ 31 Theoretical Framework for Conflict Theory................................................................. 33 Amnesty and Its Relevance in the Nigerian Regions.................................................... 36 i Implications of Past Research ....................................................................................... 47 Chapter 2 Summary and Conclusion ............................................................................ 47 Chapter 3: Research Method ............................................................................................. 49 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 49 Research Design and Rationale .................................................................................... 49 Population ..................................................................................................................... 50 Sampling and Sample Size............................................................................................ 51 Sampling Strategy ..................................................................................................... 51 Sample Size ............................................................................................................... 53 Procedures for Recruitment, Participation, and Data Collection Method .................... 54 Instrumentation and Operationalization of Constructs ................................................. 55 Operationalization for Variables ................................................................................... 56 Data Analysis Plan ........................................................................................................ 57 Survey Questions .......................................................................................................... 59 Research Questions and Hypotheses ...........................................................................
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