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The Extreme Gone Mainstream Commercialization and Far Right
© Copyright, Princeton University Press. No part of this book may be distributed, posted, or reproduced in any form by digital or mechanical means without prior written permission of the publisher. INTRODUCTION Selling the Right Wing So join the struggle while you may. The revolution is just a T- shirt away. — Billy Bragg On a hot day in late June 2010, I shaded my eyes with folded hands and peered through a locked steel- and- glass doorway into a well- lit Berlin cloth- ing store named Trømso, after a Norwegian town with a rich Norse history.1 A doorbell- style buzzer enabled access to the store by permission only. Al- though I would later go back to peruse the clothing in greater depth, on that first visit, I found myself uncharacteristically hesitant to press the button, even though I had spent months studying the brand and securing funding to go there in person from New York. Somewhat irritated with myself, and real- izing there were no staff or customers visible at this midday hour, I settled for observing the store through the windowed entry, alternately peering through the glass, taking photos, and scribbling field notes under the hot sun. What I saw was this: bamboo- colored flooring connected the entryway with the rear of the store, where stacks of neatly- folded T- shirts and sweat- shirts rested on deep, bright- white shelving. Near the store’s entrance, a man- nequin sported a lovely, butter- yellow polo shirt and lightly distressed jeans. Boxwood topiary globes rested atop tall, woven- seagrass planters flanking the front counter, while a pair of additional small boxwood globes were centered on stone platters on each side of the register. -
Prevention of Violent Extremism in Austria
Results report of the participation study Prevention of violent extremism in Austria Analysis of causes and needs of Austrian extremism prevention The participatory study was conducted within the framework of the EU project "Rhizomes against Polarisation", which is coordinated and implemented in Austria by the development policy organization Südwind. The project aims to prevent social polarization and violent radicalization in Europe through a human rights-based approach and to strengthen the social cohesion of civil society. The project, including the present study, is funded by the EU Internal Security Fund (Police) 2014-2020. The publication reflects the author's insights gained from the interviews conducted, and the European Commission cannot be held responsible for the information contained therein or for any use that may be made thereof. Author: Melinda Tamás, MA Contact: [email protected] The publication was carefully prepared and checked. Nevertheless, all contents are without guarantee. Any liability of the contributors from the content of this work is excluded. Vienna, September 2020 Table of contents SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................. 3 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 5 1. METHODICAL PROCEDURE .............................................................................................. 7 2. ANALYSIS AND SUMMARY OF THE -
The Chosen Few
The Chosen Few A comparative study of The Prophet’s Ummah and The Nordic Resistance Movement’s language and visual communication. Emelie Maria Brun and Jenny Wikshåland Skouen Master thesis in Criminology Department of Criminology and Sociology of Law 22nd May 2018 ii iii iv The Chosen Few A comparative study of The Prophet’s Ummah and The Nordic Resistance Movement’s language and visual communication. v Disclaimer © Emelie Maria Brun and Jenny Wikshåland Skouen 2018 The Chosen Few: A comparative study of The Prophet’s Ummah and The Nordic Resistance Movement’s language and visual communication. vi To the memory of Jenny’s father, Ståle Wikshåland 30.06.1953 - 18.01.2017 vii viii ABSTRACT Title: The Chosen Few: A comparative study of The Prophet’s Ummah and The Nordic Resistance Movement’s language and visual communication. Authors: Emelie Maria Brun and Jenny Wikshåland Skouen Supervisor: Sveinung Sandberg Department of Criminology and Sociology of Law Faculty of Law University of Oslo Spring 2018 This study explores the applicability of a combination of social movement theory, narrative criminology and subcultural perspectives to the extremist organisations The Prophet’s Ummah and The Nordic Resistance Movement. These groups differ from the mainstream Scandinavian society in how they both support, and even encourage, violence as a legitimate political means. The aim is to explore how their world view and the stories they tell are reflected through subcultural traits, and how their appearance and ideologies are intertwined and reliant on each other in order to constitute a defined group identity. We aim to identify, analyse and compare each group’s political or religious beliefs. -
Rechtsextreme Rekrutierungsstrategien in Deutschland Und Den USA
Rechtsextreme Rekrutierungsstrategien in Deutschland und den USA Inauguraldissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Philosophie an der Philosophischen Fakultät der Universität Passau vorgelegt von Johannes Köberl Im Juli 2019 Erstprüfer: Prof. Dr. Guido Pollak Zweitprüfer: Prof. Dr. Karsten Fitz Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Einleitung: Persönliche Motivation und Forschungskonkretisierung …………………………….. 6 1 2 Definitorische Vorüberlegungen ……………………………………………………………………………………12 6 3 Erklärungsansätze zum Einstieg in rechtsextreme Szenen ………………………………………….. 25 19 3.1 Studien zum autoritären Charakter nach Theodor W. Adorno et al. ……………………. 26 20 3.2 Begriff der Anomie nach Emile Durkheim ……………………………………………………………. 31 26 3.3 Bielefelder Desintegrationsansatz nach Wilhelm Heitmeyer et al. ………………………. 34 28 3.4 Strain-Theory ……………………………………………………………………………………………………... 41 35 3.5 Politische Erklärungsansätze ……………………………………………………………………………..… 45 39 3.6 Zielgruppenprofile rechtsextremer Rekrutierungsbemühungen …………………………. 49 44 4 Relevante soziokulturelle und soziohistorische Hintergrunderläuterungen, Beschreibung der Szenen ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 73 67 4.1 Untersuchungsrelevante Unterschiede ……………………………………………………………….. 73 68 4.1.1 Systemimmanente Unterschiede ………………………………………………………………. 74 68 4.1.2 Ideologische Unterschiede ………………………………………………………………………… 78 72 4.1.3 Weitere Unterschiede ……………………………………………………………………………….. 85 79 4.2 Erscheinungsformen des Rechtsextremismus in Deutschland ……………………………. 88 82 4.2.1 Parlamentarisch orientierte Parteien ………………………………………………………… -
Nazism - Rationalwiki
Nazism - RationalWiki https://rationalwiki.org/wiki/Nazism Nazism From RationalWiki Nazism (less commonly known as National Socialism ) refers to the political A lunatic Chaplin imitator beliefs held by the Nazi Party (officially the "National Socialist German and his greatest fans Workers' Party" - Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei , commonly Nazism shortened to NSDAP). It resembled the contemporary doctrine of fascism in many particulars, such as its authoritarianism and ethnic nationalism, although it had a much stronger emphasis on race. It destroyed terrorized ruled Germany from 1933 to 1945, during a period known as the "Third Reich." In case you were wondering, the first Reich was the Holy Roman Empire and the second Reich was the German Empire. Despite being in office longer than Hitler, the Weimar Republic doesn't count. First as tragedy Communists of that time lumped all their authoritarian enemies together under Erwin Rommel the label of "fascist". Today, continuing this usage, many people use the terms Savitri Devi Vidkun Quisling Nazi and fascist interchangeably. Since very few true Nazis are still living Muhammad Amin al- (although there are quite a few neo-Nazi groups), the term is often used more Husseini generally in reference to various authoritarians, especially those who focus on Question of hate, racism, or grammar; though brandishing the term Nazi around to anyone Homosexuality who disagrees with you in a haphazard fashion rather diminishes the atrocities Social Darwinism committed by the Nazi regime. -
Schweigen Heißt Zustimmung Rechtsextremismus in Den Ländlichen Räumen Schweigen Heißt Zustimmung Rechtsextremismus in Den Ländlichen Räumen
Bund der Deutschen Landjugend e.V. (BDL) • Rechtsextremismus in den ländlichen Räumen in denländlichenRäumen Bund derDeutschenLandjugende.V. (Hrsg.) Schweigen heißt Zustimmung Rechtsextremismus in den ländlichen Räumen Schweigen heißt Zustimmung Rechtsextremismus in den ländlichen Räumen aktualisierte Arbeitshilfe Erstellt im Auftrag des Bundes der Deutschen Landjugend (BDL) e.V. Hochschule Magdeburg-Stendal Prof. Dr. Titus Simon unter Mitarbeit von Gregor Behrendt Michael Bertram Carolin Jahnke Richard Kunstmann Susanne Maikath Luise Prell Max Riedel Alexander Wassilenko Herausgeber: Bund der Deutschen Landjugend (BDL) e.V. Claire-Waldoff-Straße 7, 10117 Berlin Tel.: 0 30 / 31 90 42 53 Fax: 0 30 / 31 90 42 06 [email protected] www.landjugend.de AutorInnen: Prof. Dr. Titus Simon Gregor Behrendt Michael Bertram Carolin Jahnke Richard Kunstmann Susanne Maikath Luise Prell Max Riedel Alexander Wassilenko Gefördert aus dem Bundesprogramm „Demokratie leben!" über den Programmpartner Bundesnetzwerk Bürgerschaftliches Engagement (BBE) © 2017 beim Herausgeber Die Verwertung der Texte und Bilder, auch auszugsweise, ist ohne die Zustimmung der Rechte-Inhaber urheberrechtswidrig. Dies gilt auch für Vervielfältigungen, Übersetzungen, Mikroverfilmungen und für die Verarbeitung mit elektronischen Systemen. Redaktion: Sandra Schlee, Carina Gräschke (BDL) Gestaltung, Satz, Umschlag: Rico Hofmann – Visuelle Medien Druck: vierC print+mediafabrik GmbH & Co. KG Aktualisierte Neuauflage, Januar 2017 1. Auflage: Es wächst nicht einfach Gras drüber. Rechtsextremismus -
Die Neuen (-Rechten) Grenzen Im Diskurs
Die neuen (-rechten) Grenzen im Diskurs Über Reichweite der Kommunikationsstrategien der Identitären Diplomarbeit zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades einer Magistra der Philosophie an der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz vorgelegt von Sophie-Marie Luise SONNLEITNER am Institut für Geschichte Begutachterin: Assoz. Prof. Mag. Dr.phil. Heidrun Zettelbauer Graz, 2020 Danksagung Ich möchte mich herzlichst bei meiner Betreuerin Assoz. Prof. Mag. Dr.phil. Heidrun Zettelbauer bedanken, die mir bei dem Verfassen dieser Diplomarbeit eine große Stütze war und mich jederzeit mit Rat und Tat unterstützte. Des Weiteren möchte ich mich bei meinem Freund, meinen Eltern und Familie bedanken, die mich auf diesem Weg begleitet haben. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Einleitung 1 2. Theoretische Grundlagen 11 2.1. Völkischer Nationalismus 11 2.2. Rechtsextremismus 16 Klassifikation der Identitären nach BVT und DÖW 20 2.3. Rechtspopulismus 22 2.4. „Neue Rechte“ 27 2.4.1.„Neo-“ bzw. Kulturrassismus 32 2.4.2.Antisemitismus 34 3. Abgrenzungen im Diskurs um Österreichs NS-Vergangenheit: Rahmenbedingungen und Bruchlinien 36 3.1. Die Transformation der nationalen Narrative 36 3.1.1.Opfermythos 37 3.1.2.Widersprüche und Antithesen 38 Gründung VdU 39 Gründung FPÖ 40 3.1.3.Mitverantwortungsthese 42 3.2. Transformation des Rechtsextremismus 45 3.2.1.FPÖ und Neonazi-Szene 45 3.2.2.Gründung der Identitären 49 3.2.3.Aktuelle Entwicklungen 52 4. Identitäre Ideologie der Ungleichheit 55 4.1. Vorbild „Konservative Revolution“ 56 4.2. Erlangung der „Kulturellen Hegemonie“ durch „Metapolitik“ 59 4.3. Etablierung einer „Rechtsintellektuelle Elite“ 65 5. Diskursive Praxeologie der IB: Abgrenzung, Verbreitung & Mobilisierung 68 5.1. Abgrenzungsprozesse: Form und Inhalt 69 Rhetorik 70 Narrative 75 Erhalt der „ethnokulturellen Identität“ 76 Bedrohungsszenario „der Große Austausch“ 80 5.2. -
The Chosen Few
The Chosen Few A comparative study of The Prophet’s Ummah and The Nordic Resistance Movement’s language and visual communication. Emelie Maria Brun and Jenny Wikshåland Skouen Master thesis in Criminology Department of Criminology and Sociology of Law 22nd May 2018 ii iii iv The Chosen Few A comparative study of The Prophet’s Ummah and The Nordic Resistance Movement’s language and visual communication. v Disclaimer © Emelie Maria Brun and Jenny Wikshåland Skouen 2018 The Chosen Few: A comparative study of The Prophet’s Ummah and The Nordic Resistance Movement’s language and visual communication. vi To the memory of Jenny’s father, Ståle Wikshåland 30.06.1953 - 18.01.2017 vii viii ABSTRACT Title: The Chosen Few: A comparative study of The Prophet’s Ummah and The Nordic Resistance Movement’s language and visual communication. Authors: Emelie Maria Brun and Jenny Wikshåland Skouen Supervisor: Sveinung Sandberg Department of Criminology and Sociology of Law Faculty of Law University of Oslo Spring 2018 This study explores the applicability of a combination of social movement theory, narrative criminology and subcultural perspectives to the extremist organisations The Prophet’s Ummah and The Nordic Resistance Movement. These groups differ from the mainstream Scandinavian society in how they both support, and even encourage, violence as a legitimate political means. The aim is to explore how their world view and the stories they tell are reflected through subcultural traits, and how their appearance and ideologies are intertwined and reliant on each other in order to constitute a defined group identity. We aim to identify, analyse and compare each group’s political or religious beliefs. -
The Second Attempt at a Third Successful Ban of an Established German Political Party
THE SECOND ATTEMPT AT A THIRD SUCCESSFUL BAN OF AN ESTABLISHED GERMAN POLITICAL PARTY Roy H. Gordon* I. INTRODUCTION With the events that enabled the rise to power of Adolf Hitler in mind, Germany set out to protect itself from future anti- democratic groups, which threatened their new government.1 To ensure that the opportunity for a similar party to the Nazi regime would never again have the chance to take control, Germany declared anti-democratic politics to be illegal inside their borders.2 Unlike the United States’ bipartisan democracy, Germany’s current democracy is home to multiple political parties, many donning members of parliament.3 Most anti-democratic groups in Germany can be outlawed and disbanded by the Ministry of the Interior.4 However, if a group is able to form a political party, they may be banned solely at the direction of the Bundesverfassungsgericht, also known as the German Federal Constitutional Court.5 The German democratic government intentionally made it difficult to ban a political party to avoid acts similar to those culminating in Adolf Hitler’s July 14, 1933 declaration that the Nazi regime was the only political party in Germany, thereby outlawing the development of any opposing party.6 * Associate Nuremberg Editor, Rutgers Journal of Law and Religion; Juris Doctorate/Masters of Business Administration Candidate May 2017. Rutgers Law School and Rutgers University, School of Business. 1 Cas Mudde, Germany Wants To Ban The Neo-Nazis of The NPD Again, But Why Now?, THE GUARDIAN (Mar. 4, 2016), www.theguardian.com/world/commentisfree/2016/mar/04/germany-ban--neo-nazi- npd-refugees-far-right.