Volume XXXI No. 6 June, 1976 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASSOOAim W XWISH ROKEES HI CHEAT OIITAHI
'r erner Rosenstock at these meetings — convened by not speci fically Jewish learned societies and on a wider basis than the Scholars' Conference at Arden House in 1973 under the auspices of TWO SIGNIFICANT ANNIVERSARIES the LBI—are reprinted in this Year Book. In Braunschweig, Professor Reinhard Ruerup illustrates the "Jewish Question" in Gennany Robert Weltsch and the L.B.I. Year Book 1850-1890 by stating that in spite of the Libe ral conception according to which the Jews When, shortly after its inception, the Leo to the man, we now tum to his latest work, differed from the majority population only ^^eclc Institute decided to include in its pro- the 20th Year Book. From a general point of by their religion, the term "baptised Jew" Sramme the publication of year books, some view, this volume symbolises the general was widely accepted. This indicated that the sceptics, including Martin Buber, warned transition it has undergone in the course of the concept of "Jew" was not exhausted by its ^gainst such an ambitious venture, because past two decades. Whilst the contributors to reUgious connotation. Ruerup also deals with 'hey had experienced on several previous oc the first voliunes were almost exclusively the effects of the increasing concentration of casions that one could never reckon on the Jewish scholars, who had spent part of their Jews in towns and quotes as examples that continuity of such annual publications. Now, adult lives in Gennany, the circle of authors already in 1875 in Berlin 4-7 per cent and *^ can state with pride that, perhaps as the has 'gradually widened. Thus, of the 18 in Frankfurt 11-6 per cent of the total popu '"csult of our "yeckishe" consistency, the 20th authors of the present volume, only three lation were Jewish. The general position of J'olume of the Year Book can be added to our belong to the "founder" generation (Dr. Ernest the Jews deteriorated in the 1870s as the °ook shelves.* This attainment is, in the first Hamburger, Hermann Kesten and Dr. Hans after-effect of the "Gruenderjahre", when Wace, due to the Year Book's editor, Robert Liebeschuetz). Two other Jewish German-born Liberalism lost its formative influence. Weltsch. Yet while the appearance of this authors (Dr. Lother Kahn and Dr. Fritz Stern) Jubilee" issue is already sufficient reason to were still children when the Nazis came to The Influence of Stoecker convey our congratulations to him, mention power. All the others are either young non- Hans Liebeschuetz reminds us that the same "lust also be made of the fact that it coincides Jewish German scholars or Jews and non- Houston Stewart Chamberlain, who in 1895 ]J?th an important event in his personal life, Jews bom in countries other than (Sermany, wrote the anti-Jewish Grundlagen des neun "^is 85th birthday on June 20. especially in the U.S. This change indicates zehnten Jahrhunderts, nine yeairs later, in a This issue carries several tributes to Robert the increase of the importance attributed to book on Kant, described Hermann Cohen as ''eltsch's personality and work. Each of the the research of German Jewish history. These the Nestor of Kant's correct interpreters. ^uthors sees him under a different aspect, young scholars cannot speak from first-hand While it is widely known that de facto un ^^termined by his own personal relationship experience. Yet their detachment may, on the baptised Jews were rejected as Reserve *ith him. And yet, within the limited space other hand, be a safeguard against an apolo offiziere in Prussia, it may be news to many °f this journal, the assessments complement getic approach. To avoid any misunderstand readers that Prince Wilhelm (later Emperor each other and represent an harmonious piece ing, we hasten to add that the research of Wilhelm II), under the influence of Stoecker, ^' chamber music. the Gennan Jewish scholars attached to the demanded the exclusion of Jews from the AJR Information may claim its, albeit LBI was equally unbiased and based on Press. The Prince approached the Minister of J^odest, place in this ensemble. Throughout thorough research. the Interior who, though also an opponent '"c years, the editor has bad the privilege of of the Liberal press, considered the request Publishing contributions by Robert Weltsch, German Jewry in Recent Literature as incompatible with the constitution. ??'
NAHUM GOLDMANN WARNS NEWS FROM ABROAD At a Press conference in Tel Aviv, Nahum Goldmann, 80-year-old president of the World Jewish Congress, predidted that Israel would UNITED STATES GREEK PRIME MINISTER INSULTS JEWS soon be exposed to renewed pressure from Jimmy Carter and the P.L.O. During a televised parliamentary debate, the United States to give up the occupied Mr. Jimmy Carter, the front-runner in the the Greek Prime Minister, Mr. Karamanlis, territories. He said the US were sick and tirea contest to become the Democratic candidate said that non-aligned nations like Egypt, Syria with the Middle East in general and Israel in for the Presidency, said in an interview that and Lebanon had suffered from Israeli ago-es- particular and would certainly start to make ultimately the legitimate interests of the sion and told the story of a Jew who cried for their pressure felt in the near future though Palestinians would have to be recognised, but help while beating up his opponent. Israel they would probably not insist on the evacua "he would not negotiate with the P.L.O. or has protested to the Greek Government about tion of East Jerusalem and on certain minor force Israel to do so until he was convinced these remarks which have also deeply shocked frontier adjustments. Israel was almost com that the Palestinians recognised Israel's right the 5,000 Jews in Greece many of whom voted pletely isolated and should produce her own to exist in peace". for Karamanlis in the 1974 election which initiative for a solution of the problem. brought him to power. Nahum Goldmann also warned that tiic 100,000 march for Soviet Jews Soviet Union might put a sitop to Jewish emi CONFERENCE OF ROMANIAN JEWS gration altogether if emigrants continued tp More than 100,000 people participated in a Dr. Moses Rosen, Chief Rabbi of Romania, go to countries other than Israel. Josef Almogi- march down Fifth Avenue to express support presided over the annual conference of chairman of the Jewish Agency, admitted that for Soviet Jewry's Stmggle to emigrate to Romanian Jewish communities which was more Soviet emigrants than ever—some 60 per Israel. Similar marches took place in numer attended by 200 delegates and numerous cent two months ago—did not go to Israei- ous other places in the U.S. guests. There are about 50,000 Jews living in Goldmann appealed to Israel and to Jewisn 68 communities and 30 smaller groups. Be organisations everywhere to desist from Jewish Chief of Police fore the last war, Romania had a Jewish popu aggressive anti-Soviet propaganda. It had been 40-year-old Mr. William Kolender has been lation of 800,000. There are still 135 S3ma- explained to him by Russian officials that the appointed chief of police in San Diego. He gogues in the country where daily services Soviet Union would not allow Jews to go to is the youngest and the first Jewish chief of are held. other countries, because that would lead to police in Caufomia's third largest city. He has other minorities applying for the right to been a policeman for 20 years and received NORWEGIANS FIGHT FOR ISRAEL emigrate. the American Jewish Committee's Human A number of young Norwegians dedicated Relations Award for his work as head of the A FOREST FOR MONTGOMERY police department's community relations to the welfare of Israel and Judaism have ofiBce. formed a group to fight antisemitism and anti- At a memorial meeting for the late Field Zionism which they say is the same thing. The Marshal Viscount Montgomery which was FRANCE group will oppose the Norwegian branch of the arranged in Tel Aviv by the Israel Branch oi PLO, especially in universities. the Royal British Legion and the League oi Egyptian Ambassador at Jewish concert Israeli War Veterans, it was announced that The Egyptian Ambassador to France, Kadri BUSINESSMEN FORCED TO STRIP a forest in Israel is to be planted in nis Naguib, attended a gala performance by the Three non-Jewish Brazilian merchants were memory. A medallion and scroll were sent to French Jewish pop singer Enrico Macias at the forced to strip at Casablanca airport, because the late field marshal's family in Britain. At Olympia Theatre and invited him to perform the Moroccan authorities wanted to make sure the meeting the British military attache, Coi. in Egypt. The Ambassador said to Macias' im that they were not Jews. The Brazilian Foreign L. A. W. New, made a speech in Hebrew. presario that many Jews now living in Cairo Minister has lodged a protest with the Morroc- At a memorial service in St. Paul's ^Jtne- and Alexandria and many non-Jews would be can govemment. dral in London the lessons were taken frnm delighted to hear the singer. the book of Joshua in which (Jod instructs tne Lazar Mandes, a South American journalist, NO AMNESTY FOR BELGIAN children of Israel to go over the Jordan ' ui"" reported recently that during a month's tour COLLABORATORS (the land which I wiU give to them". The dean, of Egypt he visited Jewish communities which the Very Rev. Martin Sullivan, said in A^ now totalled fewer than 500 people of whom After a prolonged and stormy debate, the address that if Monty had been alive 3,ouu 400 lived in Cairo. They are all elderly and Belgian parliament threw out a motion to ex years ago, he would undoubtedly have been » free to leave if they wish. Minyans for syna tend an amnesty to Belgian collaborators. Or captain of the Israelite host. The Israeli gogue services are well maintained. ganisations of former resistance members have Ambassador, Mr. Gideon Rafael, attended tne issued warnings against groups of neo-fascists service. Youth Aliyah's links with Israel who recently distributed leaflets in the Flemish language, headed "Free Europe from the Nine European countries sent delegates to Jews!" The Jewish community has complained DEATH OF LEADING ACTIVIST a Youth Aliyah conference in Paris where the that Belgian Jews often did not receive any British section was represented by Mrs. Berta share of Gennan restitution payments to Colonel Jefim Davidovich one of the lead Kanter, joint honorary secretary, and Mrs. Belgium. As they were Belgians, they did not ing Russian Jewish activists has died in .Mmsi^ Vera Braynis, the executive director. Baroness qualify for restitution paid to refugees. He had waged a three year struggle with tne Alix de Rothschild, world patron of the organi authorities to be allowed to emigrate S sation said that stronger hnks should be estab Israel. It was refused because he was allege lished between Israel and the European END OF BOYCOTT FOR BRITISH to be in the possession of military secrets. committees who should be kept fully informed LEYLAND of Israel's changing conditions. Their members After six years the Arab boycott on British should pay frequent visits to Israel to see for Leyland, imposed because of the firm's deal AWARDS AND HONOURS themselves the progress of Youth Aliyah chil ings with Israel, has been lifted. Even before dren in kibbutzim, villages and day centres. this was publicly announced, British Leyland Dr. Mihaly Borsa who heads one of the Special Products group, one of Europe's largest committees of the Central Board of Hungarian President praises Chief Rabbi's Book manufacturers of construction equipment, sent Jews, has been awarded the Order of tn a special sales team to the Middle East. It is Banner of the Hungarian People's RepuDu^ Dr. Kaplan, Chief Rabbi of France, recently expected that trade will at first be concentra on his VOth birthday. .y^„ published a book "French Jewry and Zionism" ted on Land Rover Range and commercial Mr. Josef Komkommer, th© president ot t" which contains all his sermons, speeches and vehicle business. Joint Israel Appeal in Antwerp, has bee articles on Israel and Zionism during the last appointed an Officer of the Order of KJ°s 25 years. In a personal letter to Dr. Kaplan, Leopold II for his social work. the French president, Mr. Giscard d'Estaing AUSTRALIAN JEWISH MINISTER praised the book saying: "At a time when Mr. Walter Jona, since 1964 a member of the word Zionism is used with various mean the Victoria Legislative Assembly and secre TOP NURSE ings, it is good that with the moral authority tary to the State Cabinet for the past three attached to your person . . . you should recall years, has been made Minister for Immigration David Weinrabe of Watford was m^de the real background of Zionism." and Ethnic Affairs and Assistant Health runner-up in the national Nurse of the ^| Minister. competition, sponsored by the Daily ^''Plfys ITALY HONOURS SIX MILLION VICTIMS and shown on television. Since his schooiaay he has helped handicapped people and is n Representatives of Italian Jewish communi BELSIZE SQUARE SYNAGOGUE a State Registered Nurse working in an insn ties and members of the Italian public attend tion for patients with mental disabilities- ed a ceremony in Ravenna military cemetery SI Belslza Square, LxHidan, N.W.3 in memory of the six million victims of the SYNAGOGUE SERVICES Holocaust and soldiers of the Jewish Brigade 150 YEARS VIENNA STADTTEMPEL who died fighting in Italy in the last war. are held regularly on the Eve of Sabbath of Later Mr. Sassoon, the Israeli Ambassador, and Festivals at 6.30 p.m. and on the day The 150th anniversary of the inauguration distributed medals to families in the neigh at 11 a.m. the Stadttempel in Vienna was celebratea ' bouring town of Cottignola which had hidden ALL ARE CORDIALLY INVITED public meetings, lectures by eminent scboia < Jews during the war. and special services. AJR INFORMATION June 1976 Page 5
/. W. Bruegel Alphand), and the three Western powers as well as the Bonn Government were accused by Briining of permitting themselves to be THE MAN WHO WAS NEARLY penetrated by German anti-Hitler refugees ("the emigres had thought to rule for a long time as 'pashas' with unlimited powers", Feb ALWAYS WRONG ruary 9, 1947). Everything the Western powers Heinrich Bruening's Letters planned or did after the war—the European Defence Community, the Coal and Steel Com It may be debatable whether Dr. Heinrich got enormously excited He led me into the munity, the Common Market—was in Briining's Bruning (1885-1970) as Reich Chancellor from garden, where he called me a coward and eyes nothing but an attempt of the French to 1930-32 paved the way for Hitler, or was exclaimed that he would never make a com get German economy under their control. nierely unlucky in his attempts to stop him. promise with those fellows". What is, however, hardly debatable is the fact "I should be delighted", Briining wrote in Kurt Schumacher was accused by him of that the posthumously published memoirs of December, 1938, "if he [Hitler] gets back the "having made a heavy political mistake by Briining and his recently published letters and Corridor without war", and at the very height renouncing Eastern Prassia in London without internal notes covering the years 1934 to 1960 of the crisis in 1939, in discussions with British further ado", though Schumacher had done do not, to say the least, add to his reputation. politicians he repeated, parrot-like, the slogan nothing of the sort. In 1950, Briining gave vent (Heinrich Briining, Briefe tind Gesprache that Hitler must receive the Corridor. Even to the idea that, had Luther not split the 193945 ; and Briefe 1946-60, Deutsche Verlags the French had in his view the duty to Church in the sixteenth century, "the German anstalt Stuttgart, 1974.) But neither of these "neutralise the greater part of Alsace- people would have ruled over Europe". St publications records the illusions Briining had Lorraine" as a concession to Hitler. "Once tacuisset, philosophus mansisset. . . . before he escaped from Germany in 1934. Hitler has reached the old German frontiers, The two volumes have been edited and anno On June 13, 1933, he amazed Sir Horace he might call a halt", wa.s Bruning's reaction tated with loving care by Claire Nix, who had Rumbold, the British Ambassador in Berlin, to the outbreak of war in September. 1939. been Briining's assistant for many years. Alas, hy his declaration that he was "prepared to Accusing the Czechs of [non-existent] plans to her explanatory remarks are in many cases support Hitler if the latter pursued a moderate incorporate Saxony into their country, he de either misleading or simply wrong. policy"—and this three days after Nazi storm- clared in 1943, as an "undeniable fact that troopers had broken up a meeting of Catholic Germany . . . had the smallest number of artisans at Munich. Undeterred by the facts aggressive wars". FASSBINDER PLAY UNDER ATTACK which could not have been more obvious, Briining spent the war and post-war years Briining "insisted that it would be a mistake in the United States, and retumed to Germany Under the title "Der Muell, die Stadt und der Tod" the West German author and pro to believe that the continual marching, counter only for short periods after the war. In his ducer Rainer Wemer Fassbinder has written marching and flag-wagging indicated a real letters, he prides himself on having refused a play—based on Gerhard Zwerenz's novel revival of militarism in Germany". One of any co-operation with "the enemies of Ger "Die Erde ist unbewohnbar wie der Mond"— Ruinbold's collaborators, dining with Briining many" and on not having taken any active the theme of which is the destruction of in Berlin on March 26. 1934, was likewise part in German politics after 1945. In fact, cities as the result of activities by ruthless shocked by Briining's declarations that "if the he only made a virtue out of necessity, and development speculators. Yet in Fassbinder's extremists in the Nazi movement were removed, his assurances smack very much of sour grapes. play the plot revolves around the figure- he would be willing to work with Hitler for Although no one was interested in the advice nameless and therefore generalised as a type of a man who had proved himself wrong in —of "The Rich Jew". He is meant to repre *hom ... he evidently entertained sympathy sent a survivor of the Holocaust who, in view and respect" (Martin Gilbert, Sir Horace Rum- so many respects, he bombarded all and sundry of what has happened to his people, takes hold ; London, 1973, pp. 383 and 390). with the most fantastic recommendations. the attitude that he is entitled to unscrapu- From the two volumes under review we learn According to him, the German Federal Republic lous treatment of German men, women and that immediately after arriving in England, should have insisted, as pre-conditions for her children, buying the houses which they inhabit, Briining hastened to assure the British Prime integration into Western Europe, on the can evicting them and using the sites for rede cellation of De Gaulle's treaty with the Soviet velopment. He exploits the guilt feelings of Minister (Macdonald) on June 14, 1934, that the Germans and boasts of his friendship with ^s far as he could judge, (Jennan rearmament Union (1944) and of pacts De Gaulle had allegedly concluded with Poland and Czecho the polite commissioner, who covers his Was only of a defensive nature. His advice was actions. Beyond this, he also commits a that the British Cabinet should draw up a slovakia (they existed only in Briining's imagi murder. The "Allgemeine" Jewish Weekly Plan, satisfying German "legitimate demands", nation). The Schuman Plan was suspicious to (Dusseldorf) publicised several quotations naimely the retum of the Polish Corridor to him as a work of dmigres (namely of the — from the play and violently protested against Germany and the right for Germany to con incidentally Jewish — French diplomat Herve it. A protest was also lodged bv the Zentralrat clude a customs union with Austria, Czecho of the Jews in Germany. In the meantime, the Suhrkamp Verlag, which had included the slovakia and Hungary, i.e., to create an abso- The Association of Jewish Refugees in play in an edition of Fassbinder's works, has 'ute hegemony for Hitler over Central Europe, Great Britain suspended the delivery of copies, and the •n April, 1935, he suggested to impress on original idea of performing the play in a Goring the necessity to lead a military revolt reminds members and friendis Frankfurt theatre has been abandoned. The ^gainst Hitler, and as late as Febraary, 1938, that it will hold its play has, however, also been used as the plot he was still toying with the idea that it would of a French film, which is to be shown at the he advantageous if (Joring could replace Hitler. GENERAL MEETING Cannes Film Festival. ^In 1935, he believed that it might be possible Jo crash "in agreement with Hitler" the fana on Thursday, June 17, at 7.45 p.m. Fassbinder, who is described as a man of at Hannah Karminski House, left-wing leanings and who was bom two tics amongst the Nazis. Hitler would then be years after the end of the Hitler regime, dis come Reichsverweser, while Schacht would 9 Adamson Road, Swiss Cottage, N.W.S claims to have been motivated by any anti- take over the Chancellorship.) (Side Entrance) Jewish feelings. On the contrary, he maintains, Not to isolate Hitler, but to isolate Benes the object of his play was to criticise the I circumstances which made the actions of "The ^nied to him—in 1936—^the main objective, Report on AJR Activities Rich Jew" possible. In his reply, Heinz ^c revealed his trae feelings (August, 1935) in Treasurer's Report Galinski, chairman of the Berlin Jewish com ^n intemal note stating that in contrast to the munity, stresses that the Jews certainly did I'rench salons "in Berlin in my time one had Discussion not ask for privileged treatment but that he to fear to meet nothing but either Jews or Election of Executive and Board had to object against the generalised descrip Porrapt people without tact". His bright idea (The list of candidates submitted by t^ie Executive tion of "the" Jew in Fassbinder's play. In 1936 was the restoration of Germany within is publislied on page 15) The incident is of much farther reaching im "le borders of 1914. In 1937, he noted that he II portance. Plays which may be acceptable in nad advised Rabbi Baeck in 1933 that "in case other countries do not — or not yet — lend there were an outbreak of world-wide Jewish HAYIM PINNER themselves to performances in post-war Ger propaganda against the Third Reich, Hitler Executive Director of B'nai B'rith many, 31 years after Auschwitz. Even if it is would stop at nothing". In March, 1938, he had will speak on not intended by the author, they may relieve Ho better advice to offer to Churchill than to the older generation of their feelings of guilt exert pressure on Poland to retum the Corridor JEWISH PROBLEMS IN A and kindle neo-antisemitism among the young. It is noteworthy to mention that these objec J9 Germany. In August, 1938, he advised CHANGING WORLD tions were also expressed by non-Jewish Churchill that in order to prevent war, Czecho Non-members are not entitled to vote, German writers, e.g. the Hitler biographer slovakia had to be forced to make territorial Joachim Fest, and wide circles of the German oncessions to Germany. "Winston Churchill but are welcome as guests at the meeting. public. Page 6 AJR INFORMATION June 1976 BIRTHDAY TRIBUTES TO ROBERT WELTSCH
Max Gruenewtdd Margot Pottlitser fflSTORIAN OF A STORMY CENTURY HOMAGE TO A GREAT WRITER Five years ago, when Robert Weltsch cele brated his SOth birthday, his friends could In Robert Weltsch's columns, essays, pre warner against false values and faulty evalua think of no better gift than to present him faces there are mirrored the persons, events, tions. When one reads the articles which he with a book which contained a small selection the achievements and the problems that make wrote in the Prague Selbstwehr and then of the many articles he had written for news up the history of a stormy century. They are follows his joumalistic career up to the pre papers and journals — some of them very presented with their antecedents, treated in sent one will find his abiding concern^ not learned journals — throughout his life. "An the fraternity of publications bearing on the with humanitarian generalities, but with reali der Wende des Modernen Judentums"* is a subject under review. It is a kind of synopsis ties, with the relations of the Jewish people stunning book, an appropriate monument to which, useful to any reader, should be parti to those forces which determine and also a superb journalist who has witnessed, cularly welcome to the Hebrew reader. The limit it om its road to self-fulfilment. chronicled and interpreted the most important land of Israel is strewn with media of learning. It is interesting, to give again an example, events in modern Jewish life. In his own StUl, its young generation is not always con to go back to the article which appeared in epilogue to the book the author acknowledges, versant with the backgroimd of some of the Juedische Rundschau on the eve of the found modest as always, that much that he said alwut problems it encounters, with ideas and move ing of the Hebrew Umversity more than 50 the development of Zionism throws a light ments which started long ago and somewhere years ago. This was in many respects a signal on problems which are once more topical now else. The method Robert Weltsch employs in event. The major portion of the article is that the State of Israel, once only an idea, has the Leo Baeck Institute Year Books as he devoted to the future relations of the Jews become reality. "Many essays", he writes, did and does as Editor-in-Chief is his own to the Arabs. And on the same subject—I "which originated as statements of principle version of what the Greek may have called still see him at the session of the Zionist or as polemics dictated by the happenings of "So zein ta phainomena", redeeming the phe Delegates in Jena in the year 1929 defending the time, have become documents of contem nomena from thedr isolation. his editorial policy in the presence of a slightly porary history. They have their place in any Much of what we lived through is painful irreverent Chaim Weizmann. survey of the development of attitudes and beyond words and also paradoxical. Both, the In his publications Weltsch is fighting shy opinions among German Jews and in the painful and the problematic, are reflected in of aphorisms. His is an epic style, but with Zionist world".t Robert Weltsch's writings. To cite an example: a dramatic impact. The reader is aware that "It was one of the many paradoxes of an behind the sober assessment of persons and Robert Weltsch considers himself first and abnormal time that the Zionists, sometimes issues there stands a participant equipped foremost a journalist. In this capacity, he has accused by their fellow-Jews of disparaging with knowledge and memory, who has become indeed helped to shape Jewish opdnion over the German heritage, had themselves to extol one of the foremost interpreters of our time five decades. Those who consider the term the achievements of the German-Jewish sym and, especially, of the struggle of our people. "journalist" derogatory should not forget that biosis as an irremovable historical fact" (LBI- To us, however, Robert Weltsch is not only the names of Gorres and Borne in Germany, Year Book I, p. xxx). One is at once reminded the writer, and the editor of the Year Book and of Addison and Steele in this country — of the Buber-Rosenzweig translation of the which heads the list of publications of the to name but a few — have found their place Bible continued and completed in Jerasalem, Leo Baeck Institute, he also gives us a sense of in literature and are remembered when con of the Leo Baeck Institute called into being continuity and he is an address for us. Nothing temporary scientists or politicians, much better in Jerasalem by Siegfried Moses, the last presi of consequence is undertaken without him. known at the time, have long been forgotten. dent of the Zionist Organisation in Our deliberations become more complete be Robert Weltsch has all tbe qualities of a great Germany. cause of his presence. Continuity is a rarity journalist, a high regard for language — any If the wealth of themes to which Robert in a fast changing world, so are integrity and language in which he writes—and the capacity Weltsch tums his attention is astounding, no independent judgement. And to be and to to react immediately to new thoughts and less impressive is his consistency, a steadfast remain an address at a time when communi events in order to express them in a way that adherence to basic tenets. An early advocate cation is so easy and communicating so diffi informs the reader and captures his imagina cult, is a matter of high distinction. tion. He was doing just this when he coined of Jewish Renaissance, he is also an early the slogan by which he is widely remembered : "Tragt ihn mit Stolz, den gelben Fleck". When he wrote this, he summed up the mood of the Albert H. Friedlander moment and pointed to a solution to the many problems of the early days of the Nazi regime when so many of his readers had seen their ROBERT WELTSCH: A THOUGHT AND A WORD beliefs and hopes shattered. On two later occasions he commented on this There are many privileges given to those monographs analysing his teachings. These situation, pointing out that the slogan had who work within the framework of the Leo contributions live in us; and we must analyse only been valid at the moment of publication. Baeck Institute. One privilege — and may it ourselves to know how much we have received In 1943 he wrote in the Tel Aviv daily long endure — is quaffing from the fountain as individuals and as a community. Haaretz .J "I wanted to lift up the downcast of etemal youth: those of us who are under The Leo Baeck Year Book is an achievement and to tell them that there was nothing to 50 feel ourselves to be callow youths permitted in the world of historiography shared by many. be ashamed of in being Jewish and that Jewish to listen to the great men of an earlier genera I must confess that I have not read every identification can give great satisfaction. tion. The greatest privilege is the continuing article in every issue — sometimes it almost . . . Since then the situation has changed encounter with Robert Weltsch, a prophet and seemed enough to have read Robert Weltsch's fundamentally. . . . Today I should not dare- teacher for his and our time who has changed introduction ! But when I then studied the certainly not from the safety of my present all of us. The work and achievements of Robert material presented, it also brought me back abode—to appeal to the tormented Jews in Weltsch have been evaliKited for us by many to Robert Weltsch and his concern for historj- Europe to wear the Yellow Badge 'with pride'. scholars ; with the primary source still acces in which the reverence for detail was comple Now ... it is no longer an outward symbol sible to us, no secondary material need be mented by the larger vision for the totality. of being Jewish, it has become a stigma which added. New disciples can still add to the sense He made history and he wrote history ; and he makes its bearer fair game for boundless of continuity: it is important to know that his is history. A quizzical look, a quiet word, a tortures". influence is still shaping the Ufe and work of humorous remark — and suddenly the recog "An der Wende des Modernen Judentums" another generation concemed with Jewish nition comes to us how much we have still contains only articles written in German. For history and involved with the visions brought to learn. Robert Weltsch remains our standard many years, though, Robert Weltsch has into Jewish life by Robert Weltsch. Hans for integrity, and our gratitude must express written in three languages and he has been Tramer once quoted a letter written by Robert itself in the work for the community which heard to complain that his best articles, those Weltsch to Hugo Bergman (60 years ago I) : cherishes him as guide and mentor. written in Hebrew as long-standing corre ". . . only one calling could exist for me — spondent of Haaretz, are read by only a avodat am". And, in serving his people, Robert comparatively small minority. In English, a Weltsch has made the contributions which Rabbi Friedlander is a member of the London cannot be described through bibliographies and Board of the LBI. Continued on page 7 AJR INFORMATION June 1976 Page 7
Tschchoslovakei ueberrannten. Jahre spaeter BIRTHDAY TRIBUTES schrieb er mir aus Jerusalem: "Uns verbindet wirklich ein historisches Faktum. Man wird Continued from page 6 einmal in der Geschichte des Zionismus lemen, so wie man von den Babenbergern und den Habsburgern lernte: Auf Nelly Thie language to which he came rather late wohl mit ein Grund fuer Roberts Interesse berger folgte Felix Weltsch, aber auf diesen in life, his writing is almost as beautifully an der Taetigkeit des Klubs. Er hielt dort folgte freilich niemand mehr . . .". Zum articulate as in his native German. This is Vortraege und Seminare, ich erinnere mich befriedigenden Abschluss dieses Kapitels ist particularly evident in the introductions to gut an eines, das jeden Sonntag Vormittag noch zu berichten, dass Siegmund Katznelson the 20 Year Books of the Leo Baeck Institute. stattfand und "Die Geschichte des Zionismus" Direktor des Juedischen Verlags in Berlin und Nobody else could have mastered the variety behandelte. Da ich spaeter Nachfolgerin von der Gatte von Lise Weltsch wurde. of subjects contained in these volumes, Lise Weltsch in der Fuehrung des Klubs- comment on them in a way which very often wurde, hatte ich Gelegenheit, Robert gut ken Nach Kriegsschluss uebersiedelte Robert fnakes his introduction the most important nen zu lernen und seine ueberragenden Quali Weltsch nach Berlin und wurde Herausgeber item, and never repeat himself. taeten einzuschaetzen. In Suedbohmen, in der der "Juedischen Rundschau". Seither ist seine Fortunately, as readers of AJR Information alten Stadt Krumau, beteiligte er sich an der Laufbahn all denen, die an juedischen Know, Robert Weltsch continues to write, and Foerderung einer aehnlichen Vereinigung, die Ereignissen Anteil nehmen, bekannt. articles by him are eagerly read in the Anglo- aus einem Kreis besonders intelligenter und Saxon countries, in Israel and everywhere else begabter Maedchen bestand. Eines von diesen Walter Breslauer wurde spaeter seine Frau. where readers want to have a critical apprecia BERLIN 1933 tion of contemporary Jewish problems. His Ich hoffe, Robert wird es mir verzeihen, output is still astonishing, it often reminds me wenn ich sage, dass ihn kein objektiver Beo Der beriihmte Artikel von Robert Weltsch of a poem written by Julius Ferdinand Wollf, bachter als einen Adonis bezeichnet haette. vom 4. April 1933, "Tragt ihn mit Stolz den ^ well-known publisher and editor of the Er war nicht sehr gross, schmaechtig gebaut, gelben Fleck", hat Weltsch mit einem Schlag Weimar period. He said that joumalists are sprach langsam, allerdings mit einer tiefen, von einem der fiihrenden Joumalisten der people "die mit vollen Handen Tag und Nacht sehr wohlklingenden Stimme. Es muss vor zionistischen Richtung in Deutschland zu einem ?ich selber verschwenden". Such a one is allem die Ausstrahlung seiner ungewoehn von den Juden aller Richtungen anerkannten Robert Weltsch. In 1969 the New York Hebrew lichen Persoenlichkeit, der Inhalt seiner und verehrten Wortfiihrer des deutschen Union College conferred on him an honorary Gespraeche gewesen sein, die auf all die jun Judentums gemacht. Ich glaube, dass ich ihn Doctorate of Humane Letters. It was a fitting gen Maedchen, mit denen er zusammen kam, damals nur ganz fliichtig gekannt habe, aber award ! (!er Artikel hat mich wahrscheinlich ermutigt, eine derartige Anziehungskraft ausuebten, ihm einem Artikel iiber "Die jiidischen dass ein Spaziergang mit ihm zu den hoech Richtungen iin neuen Deutschland" ein- , Robert Weltsch, An der Wende des Modernen Juden- sten und beneidenswertesten Auszeichnungen ;,"?s. Veroffentlictiung des Leo Baecl< Instituts, J. C. B. zuschicken, den er sofort auf S. 175 des Jahr- "Ohr (Paul Siebeci<) Tubingen. 1972. 309 pp. gehoerte. Natuerlich waren seine Vortraege ganges 1933 der Jiidischen Rundschau I Ibid, pp. 291/92. sehr gut besucht. Die von Zukunftsidealen + Ibid, pp. 29, 30. abgedruckt hat. Er hat in einer Vorbemerkung erfuellte Atmosphaere Prags, unter dem Ein zum Ausdruck gebracht, dass er der Ansicht fluss des beruehmten Dichterkreises von zustimme, dass eine ehrliche Aussprache ^elly Engel-Thieberger Franz Kafka, Max Brod und Oskar Baum, trug niemals auf Parteigrenzen beschrankt werden dazu bei, dass man im "Maedchenklub" fleissig ERINNERUNGEN AN PRAG solle, und dass er gerade in diesem Augenblick, Hebraeisch bei Hugo Bergmann, Juedische in dem die Jiidische Rundschau nicht als das Berufene Fachleute werden diesen Geburts- Geschichte bei Hans Kohn lernte und den Parteiorgan, sondern als das fuhrende Organ ^g zum Anlass nehmen, die Bedeutung von Vortraegen Max Brods ueber Homer mit des deutschen Judentums betrachtet werde, Robert Weltschs Wirken als Journalist und als Beigeisterung lauschte. bereit sei, seine Spalten auch meinen Aus Philosophischer Kritiker des Zeitgeschehens zu Der Ausbruch des ersten Weltkrieges be fuhrungen zu offnen. Er hat darni noch eine Wuerdigen. reitete dieser idealistischen Periode ein jaehes Nachbemerkung dazu abgedruckt, in der er Doch gibt es heute nurmehr Wenige, die in Ende. Robert Weltsch, Hans Kohn, Hugo Berg zum Ausdruck gebracht hat, dass in einigen den Jugendjahren mit ihm befreundet waren, mann kamen zum Militaer. Robert wurde Punkten der Standpunkt der Judischen Rund ?ie seine Entwicklung verfolgen konnten und Offizier und schickte mir hier und da von schau von mir missverstanden worden sei. m deren Leben er eine so entscheidende Rolle der Front schoene Briefe. Manchmal kam er Diese Punkte wurde er richtig stellen. gespielt hat wie in dem der Schreiberin dieser nach Prag auf Urlaub. Waehrend eines solchen Schon diese Behandlung hat gezeigt in Erinnerungen. Urlaubs, anfangs 1917, spielte er eine ent welcher vomehmen Weise Weltsch bei aller Jeder richtige Prager kannte die Weltsch- scheidende Rolle in meinem Leben. Wahrung seines Standpunktes den Vertretem lamilie, die einzige ihres Names in der Stadt, Die zionistische Wochenzeitung Boehmens, anderer Auffassungen entgegen gekommen ist, ^usgezeichnet durch spruehenden Geist, schar- die "Selbstwehr", stand unter Leitung Sieg und dies hat er seitdem im Laufe vieler Jahre ifn Witz und manchmal beissende Ironie. mund Katznelsons, ebenfalls ein Bar Koch- immer wieder bewahrt, durch alle Verande * amiliengespraeche waren nur Eingeweihten baner, der als russischer Staatsbuerger nicht in rungen im jiidischen Leben, zunachst in der Voellig verstaendlich, weil sie Ausdruecke und die oesterreichische Armee einruecken Leitung der JUdischen Rundschau in Berlin, ^Prachwendungen enthielten, die von Genera musste. Er hatte sein Universitaetsstudium dann spater in der Redaktionsfuhrang der tion zu Generation weitergegeben, Aussenste- unterbrochen, um sich der Redaktion des Jahrbiicher des Leo Baeck Institutes in London lenden raetselhaft blieben. In Robert Weltsch Blattes zu widmen. Nach 3 Jahren fuehlte er und in den Beitragen, die er in Israel zu den sowie seinem Vetter Felix sind die Familien- jedoch die Notwendigkeit, sein Studium zum Spalten des Mitteilungsblattes ("MB") des alente zu literarischem Ausdruck gekommen. Abschluss zu bringen und von seinem Posten Irgun Olej Merkas Europa und sicherlich auch Roberts Vater war Advokat, ein guetiger zurueckzutreten. Es muss schwer gewesen in vielen sonstigen Veroffentlichungen in Israel i'lensch, der einen Grosssteil seiner Zeit sein, einen Ersatz zu finden, denn eines und anderswo veroffentlicht hat. Juedischen kommunalen und karitativen Tages erschien in der Wohnung meiner Eltern Ich personlich bin ihm noch zu besonderem "^Wecken widmete; die Mutter verstand es, Robert Weltsch, in Offiziersuniform, und ohne Dank verpflichtet, weil er in dem historischen le Wohnung in der Niklasstrasse zu einem weitere Einleitung forderte er mich auf, die Jahr 1933 von sich aus noch einmal an mich geistigen Mittelpunkt der Prager intellektuel Redaktion der "Selbstwehr" zu uebernehmen. herangetreten ist und mich gebeten hat, "mich len zionistischen Jugend zu gestalten, dem Auf meinen erschreckten Einwand, dass ich in der heutigen Zeit", d.h. um Rausch Roberts geistreiche Schwester Lise beson- doch garnichts vom Beruf eines Zeitungsher- Haschonoh 1933 herum, iiber die augenblick ^ere Anziehungskraft verlieh. (Die zweite ausgebers und eines Journalisten verstiinde, lichen Probleme der Jiidischen Gemeinde, mit ^ehwester, Gerda, war damals noch ein Schul- gab mir Robert zur Antwort: "Helene Hannah deneo ich als damaliger Verwaitungsdirektor inaedchen.) Zum engsten Freundeskreis gehor- der Gemeinde besonders befasst war, zu Kohn redigiert das juedische Blatt in Muen aussem. Meinen diesbezUglichen Artikel hat er ^^n Hugo und Leo Herrmann, Viktor Kell chen, waram sollte Nelly Thieberger nicht er, Hugo Bergmann und Roberts intimster auf S. 533 des Jahrganges 1933 der Jiidischen dasselbe in Prag tun koennen?" So wurde ich Rundschau unverandert abgedruckt; wiederum reund Hans Kohn, deren Namen spaeter zu ploetzlich Redakteurin der "Selbstwehr", was •'^nsehen gelangten. mit dem berechtigten Hinweise, dass seine mir im Laufe der Jahre viele Sorgen, aber Zeitung mit den von mir darin vertretenen Robert war Obmann des Studentenvereins auch viel Befriedigung gebracht hat, und ich Ansichten nicht in alien Punkten tiber- ^^1" Kochba, der hauptsaechlich durch seine bin Robert Weltsch dankbar dafuer, dass er einstimme. ^erbindung mit Martin Buber beruehmt mich in dieses Abenteuer stuerzte. Dies gibt mir einen besonderen Anlass und wurde. Lise war Vorsitzende des "Klubs Jue- Kurz vor Geburt meines ersten Sohnes vielleicht auch das Recht, mich den vielen nischer Frauen und Maedchen", kurz "Maed- konnte ich die Leitung des Blattes in die viel Personen anzuschliessen, die ihm zu seinem ^: fi'^lub" genannt, eines der ersten zionis- faehigeren Haende von Felix Weltsch ueber bevorstehenden 85, Geburtstage die herz- ischen Frauenverbaende der Welt. Dies war geben, der sie behielt bis die Nazihorden die lischsten Gliickwiinsche aussprechen. Page 8 AJR INFORMATION June 1976
Ernst Simon VOM ZUSAMMENFALL DER GEGENSAETZE Fuer Robert Weltsch zum 85. C^burtstag Schmuel Hugo Bergman, Robert Weltsch's Er verzichtet darauf, den "Zusammenfall der ZUge kaum verstandlich, und er hatte ihn Lebensfreund, fand einen seiner grossen Gegensatze" im eigenen Ich zu entdecken. nicht so lange und, trotz allem, so gut ertragen Lehrer in dem deutschen Kardinal Nikolaus Andere traditionelle Erklarungen eroffnen konnen. Von dem Gegensatz zwischen Skepsis von Kues, genannt Cusanus oder "der Cusaner" andere Moglichkeiten, wie die folgende : "Der und Glauben in Robert Weltsch ist bei einer (1401-1464), auf den er Schiiler und Mitstre- Heilige, gelobt sei Er, sprach : wenn ich die frUheren Gelegenheit gesprochen worden. bende hinzuweisen nicht miide wurde. Cusanus Welt mit der Bigenschaft des Erbarmens Heute sei ein anderes Beispiel angefUhrt: die hat eine alte Pragung der Neuplatoniker und schaffe, werden sich die Siinder mehren, wenn Spannung zwischen ausserster Leidensfahig- des St. Augustinus zu einem Grundpfeiler aber mit der Eigenschaft des strengen Rechtes keit, welche die hingebende Klage durchaus seines theologisch-philosophischen Denkens —wie kann sie bestehen ? Also schaffe ich sie nicht scheut, und ebenso extremer Hartnackig- ausgebaut: die "coincidentia oppositorum". sowohl mit Erbarmen wie mit Strenge." keit, Spannkraft imd Kampfbereitschaft. Sie Jener "Zusammenfall der Gegensatze" in Dieser Vorstellung entspricht ein Gebet des tritt uns in fast jeder Aeusserung dieses Gott ist ihm als offenl)arungshafter Ein-Fall sundigen und sich reinigenden Menschen: erstaunlich produktiven Kritikers seiner Welt, des ewigen, unveranderlichen Seins in die "Moge es Dein Wille sein, dass Du Dich vom seiner Zeit und seines Volkes ungebrochen begrenzte Sphare des immer noch werdenden Stuhl der Strenge erhebst und Dich auf dem entgegen und gibt uns immer wieder neue und stets suchenden Menschenverstandes Stuhl des Erbarmens niederlasst!" Kraft. Verzagen ist Versagen. Weltsch versagt zuteil geworden. Das Wissen von der geeinten Hier ist, in der mythischen Sprache des niemals auf die Dauer. Er lasst nicht nach im Gegensatzlichkeit in Gott ^ jiidisch aus innergottlichen Dramas, eine Sphare erreicht, Kampf um die Wahrheit und Freiheit des im gedriickt : z.B. die der richtenden Strenge und die das Urbild und das Abbild in gegenseitiger Ebenbilde geschaffenen Menschen und um die der barmherzigen Vergebung — fuhrt indessen Entsprechung zeigen, in einer Art Struktur- innere Wurde des Juden. keineswegs zu ihrer verstandenen und formu- analogie des "Zusammenfalls der Gegensatze". Es versteht sich, dass er weder als Denker, lierbaren Wissbarkeit. Sie bleibt ein Geheimnis Sie ermoglicht die tmitatio Dei absconditi, die noch als Meister der metaphysischen Spekula- des Glaubens. Aber nachdem es als solches Nachahmung des verborgenen Gottes. Die tion Oder der theologischen Analyse sich mit gesichtet wurde, brauchen wir nicht mehr ganz Entscheidung des Menschen, diese Moglichkeiit Cusanus messen kann oder will. Niemand im Dunkel heramzuirren und sind nicht langer als einen Auftrag zu ihrer maximalen Verwirk wUrde einen solchen Anspruch entschiedener zu volliger Unwissenheit verurteilt. Sie ist lichung anzunehmen oder abzulehnen, steht zuruckweisen als er selbst. Aber in einem uns nun bewusst geworden ; sie hat sich, um ihm frei. Uebernimmt er den Auftrag, so entscheidenden Punkte war es ihm, bei mit dem Cusaner zu sprechen, aufgehellt zur vollzieht er den Sprang in den Glauben, wahrscheinlich ahnlichen Grundlagen, gewahrt, "docta igmorantia", also zur wenin nicht uber den Vorganger hinauszugehen : er hat sich gelehrten so doch belehrten Ignoranz. <.y--.. ' •• -t viel seltener, wenn Uberhanpt je, den Sie weiss nun nicht nur, sokratisch, dass sie herrschenden Gewalten gebeugt. nichts weiss, auch nicht nur, kantisch, warum Dcr Kardinal konnte nicht ohne schlimme sie nicht mehr weiss als sie wissen kann. Kompromisse auskommen, obwohl sedn ihm sondem sie kennt die Richtung, in der sie wahlverwandter Papst, Pius II, der Humajnist das unwissbare Sein anzusteuem hat, namlich Eneo Silvio Piccolomini oder Aeneas Silvius, auf dessen verborgenen "Ort" hin. In einem nicht nur um seinen Gehorsam rang, sondern ungefahren Bilde darf man vielleicht sagen: auch um seine Freundschaft und vielleicht um die Moglichkeit der "belehrten Unwissenheit" sein Seelenheil. Das, was sich im schweren ist dem Menschen als Kompass auf seiner Kampfgesprach zwischen dem Oberherm der Lebensfahrt angeboten, deren Ziel freilich Kirche und seinem Generalvikar, ihrem zweit- keinem erreichbaren Festland gleicht, sondern hochsten Funktionar, einst abgespielt hat, gilt eher dem Horizont, der stetig mit uns zieht. fur den Menschen unserer Zeit noch heute, Solange wir ihn nicht aus den Augen verlieren, wenn er sich keiner totalitaren Hierarchic besteht immer noch Hoffnung, dass sich, um einfugen muss. nun aus dem Bilde zu springen, die Entfemung zwischen dem Horizont und uns verringere. Jaspers zitiert aus Nikolaus' und Pius' letzten Aufzuheben ist sie allerdings in keinem Lebensjahren Teile aus einem Bericht des Diesseits. Papstes Uber eine Szene in der Kurie. welcher sein partielles Gelingen ermoglicht. (S. 260 ff.) Pius wollte einen Kardinal Robert Weltsch ist auf seiner Lebensfahrt Auch das wird also ein Bruchstiick bleiben, ernennen, nach des Cusaners Meinung: nur an einer weiteren Station angelangt. Als denn Analogic ist nicht Kongraenz, Aehnlich aus Grunden politischen Opportunismus. hebraisch gebildetem Juden mag ihm die keit nicht Gleichheit. Wir sind nicbt Gott. Andere Kardinale leisteten Widerstand. Der folgende Talmudstelle zum Thema der Karl Jaspers' Buch "Nikolaus Cusanus" Papst drang in seinen Freund, sich ihnen nicht "Nachahmung Gottes" bekannt sein. (Miinchen 1964), dem auch die bisherigen anzuschliessen, sondern ihm beizustehen. Diese Sie bezieht sich auf das Thorawort: "Ihm Umschreibimgen Entscheidendes verdanken, Worte horte er "mit wilden Blicken" an. Damn eurem Gott, folget nach . . .!" (Deut. 13: 5) zitiert eine schlagende Formei des Cusanus : brach er los : "Du willst mich zum Beipflichter und stellt die Frage: "Ist es denn einem "Als Abbild des Schopfergottes ist der Mensch deiner Wunsche machen; ich kann und will Menschen moglich, Gottes Einwohnung (der sich des eigenen Schopfertums gewiss, ein nicbt schmeicheln; ich hasse die Kriecherei. Schechina) nachzufolgen ? Es heisst doch: zweiter Gott. Aber als Abbild im Anderssein Wenn du fahig bist zuzuhoren, so gefallt mir Er ist ein verzehrendes Feuer (Deut. 4: 24) ? ist er demiitig, weil durch einen Abgrund nichts, was in dieser Kurie vor sich geht: Sondem so ist es gemeint: Sich anschliessen getrennt, immer ungeniigend." (S. 263.) Niemand obliegt seiner Pflicht in genugendem an seine Eigenschaften ! Wie er die Nackten Das scheiternde Denken aus dem Glauben Masse ; weder du noch die Kardinale kUmmem kleidet, kleide auch du die Nackten! . . . ist des Menschen Teil. Wenn er sich nach jeder sich um die Kirche. Alle erliegen dem Ehrgeiz Wie er die Kranken besucht, besuche auch du Niederlage aus seinen Zweifeln und seiner und der Habgier. Wenn ich bloss einmal im die Kranken! . . . Wie er die Toten begrabt, Verzweiflung von neuem aufrafft, so dient er Konsistorium von Reformen rede, verlacht man begrabe auch du die Toten !" (Sota 14a). So Gott im Versuche der leidvoUen Nachahmung. mich. Ich bin hier uberfliissig. Erlaube, dass weit, so gut! Hier aber wird der Freund in Wir Juden wissen nichts dariiber, ob auch ich gehen kann. Ich kann diese Sitten nicht seiner skeptischen Glaubigkeit kaum die Gott in und an seinem geeinten Widerspruch ertragen. Ich gehe in die Einsamkeit, so will Zweifelsfrage unterdriicken konnen: Wie leidet. Gewiss ist nur, dass er uns mittlerlos, ich fUr mich leben." Und er brach in Tranen steht es denn mit Gottes Damonie, etwa seiner ohne die Sicherung durch den Glauben an den aus, aber zuletzt hat er sich dem Papst unter Eifersucht und seinen grausamen Racheakten ? leidenden Gottessohn, auf uns selbst gestellt worfen, unterwerfen mUssen. Wer wollte ihn Ein jemenitischer Midrasch gibt darauf eine hat. Unsere einzige Sicherheit heisst: "Viel tadeki? Antwort : Diese und noch andere Eigenschaften leicht." (Amos 5 : 15.) Robert Weltsch konnte in die Einsamkeit seien gottliche Privilegien; der Mensch solle Gedanken dieser Art diirften dem Freunde, gehen; er hat sie gewahlt. Aber von dort sie nicht nachahmen. dem wir heute wiederum fUr sein Wirken und spricht er immer wieder fur uns alle. DafUr Eine solche humanistische Bescheidung Sein danken wollen, nicht ganzlich fremd sein. schulden ihm das jUdische Volk, die verkiirzt die Nachahmung Gottes auf das Ohne ihre, offenbare oder heimUche, Gegenwart zionistische Bewegung und der Staat Israel sittliche Idealbild des Menschen von sich selbst. ware der Zusammenfall seiner gegensatzlichen unverganglichen Dank. ^gJg^g^M^Si—^^^^iSlS^Sil !^,r.°;r-j»-Bais,v..5^>^^
AJR INFORMATION June 1976 Page 9
Fgon Larsen languages); and in 1963 his magnum opus, the Goethe biography. Its originality, its scrupulous honesty, its courageous revelation of the truth behind all the myths woven SALUTE TO RICHARD FRIEDENTHAL around the giant of German literature by the There is, within easy reach of my place at his preparations. Then the Gestapo moved in sycophants and the Oberlehrer — all this has the typewriter, a plump little book without and prohibited the export of the whole been admired and acknowledged by the critics which I would find my work a great deal material to any foreign country. Friedenthal in the nine countries—three of them Com more difficult. It is called Knaurs Lexikon, himself, however, needed a permit to leave munist—where the book has been published 3nd it contains in its a thousand-odd thin Germany from the military authorities be with enormous success. pages the world in a nutshell. Countless are cause he still ranked as a reserve officer. He In 1967, Friedenthal, then over 70, followed the times I have drawn a blank looking for made his application, almost sure that it would it up with his biography of Luther and in 1972 information on some subject or other in the be refused. He was called to some major's with that of Jan Hus. Again, the historical most famous and expensive, multi-volume office. This man had a look at the name value of these works has been recognised by encyclopaedia; it hardly ever happens with on the application, opened his drawer, took a worldwide readership; they are essential for the Knaur, and whenever I find in it what I out his &iaur, grinned and signed the paper. our understanding of men and events which was looking for I feel like saying a silent have often been misunderstood, distorted, and blessing to Dr. Richard Friedenthal, its Late in 1938, as (Germany's synagogues downright falsified by lesser, and less con creator forty-five years ago. He will be eighty were burning to cinders, Friedenthal arrived scientious, investigators. What will Richard this month. in London with the usual travel allowance Friedenthal tackle next? The late Erich Kast of 10 Marks. Everything he possessed had ner, writing on his friend's 75th birthday in That may be an irreverent thought on the to be left behind. But he still had the helpful these pages, suggested a biography of Heine; occasion of an anniversary like this, the birth- friendship of Stefan Zweig, who had left others want him to write on the life and times
DEATH OF PAUL SCHALLUECK The German author Paul Schallueck, who NEWS FROM GERMANY died at the early age of 53, was one of the founders of the Library for the His MAIDANEK GUARDS FREE ON BAIL LIFE SENTENCE FOR SS MURDERER tory of German Jewry, "Germania Judaica" Mrs. Hermine Braunsteiner Ryan, 56, one of A Hamburg criminal court sentenced Ernst in Cologne. In his main work, "Engelbert the 15 former Nazi guards of Maidanek con GoUak, 68, to life imprisonment for having Reineke" (1958) he dealt with the persecution centration camp where at least 250,000 people, caused the death of six concentration camp of the Jews and atrocities of the concentration mostly Jews, were murdered, was released on inmates on forced labour in an army clothing camps. oail on the ground of poor health. All the factory near Lublin. He had ordered two sick He is also remembered by his strong protest other defendants at the Dusseldori trial have men to be led to a forest and shot. Two other against the intended cancellation of the show oeen free on bail for some time. The money, men were shot because they tried to hide in a ing of the French film "Nuit et Brouillard" *17,000, has been provided by her American bale of clothing. A young girl was hanged (Nacht und Nebel) at the International Film nusband. Mrs Ryan had been in custody since for having taken some potatoes and matches, Festival in Cannes 20 years ago. This brief •ler arrest in March 1973. and a mechanic was forced to hang himself because he was unable to repair a faulty piece film owes its title to the Nazi code work for A counsel for the defence in the trial, Mr. of machinery. GoUak has not been arrested, the mass deportations. The withdrawal of the l-udwig Bock from Ludwigshafen, is at the but was told to report to the police, in Regens film was due to an intervention by the German moment under investigation for infiammatory burg, Bavaria, where he now lives, every Embassy in Paris with the French Govern remarks he made in Court. He accused one of Monday. ment and resulted in strong opposition of the the expert witnesses, Wolfgang Scheffler, of French people. Ultimately, a compromise solu spreading the "Allied-inspired lie" of German tion was found by showing the documentary in *ar guilt and of misjudging Adolf Eichmann. DEATH OF NOTORIOUS NAZI Cannes without, however, including it in the Another expert witness, called by the Defence, A. H. Beckerle who joined the National international competition. yao Walendy attacked a Dutch TV team and Socialist Party at the age of 20 in 1922, be The awards received by Schallueck include tried to prevent its members from taking pho came a member of the Reichstag in 1932 and the Nelly Sachs Prize 1973. E.G.L. tographs of the accused. He also attacked a was a notorious Jew-baiter, has died. Between Photographer from the London "Observer". 1933 and 1939 he was chief of the Frankfurt JEWISH CEMETERIES IN BAVARIA The public prosecutor, the judges and 13 police and later on German ambassador defending counsels flew to Poland for investi in Bulgaria. In 1943 he was largely respon The Bavarian Ministry of the Interior has gations on the site of Maidanek camp. The sible for the deportation of the Bulgarian announced that it has provided DM 400,000 for to defendants refused to accompany them in Jews. In 1960 he was arrested in consequence 1976 and DM 700,000 for 1977 for the upkeep spite of the fact that the Polish Government of facts that came to light at the Eichmann of some 120 Jewish cemeteries in Bavaria had promised them immunity from prosecu trial, but was subsequently released. E.G.L. which are no longer in use. This money is tion on Polish territory. handed to the Bavarian Federation of Jewish Communities which appoints gardeners to keep CDU DEMANDS COMMEMORATION FOR PAUL EHRLICH SOCIETY FOUNDED the cemeteries and the pathways tidy, repairs MUNICH VICTIMS A "Society of the Friends of Paul Ehrlich" tombstones and keeps fences in order. The has been established in Frankfurt. One of its Ministry has asked all state and country The CDU Council at Wiesbaden regretted in aims is the preservation of the house where authorities to assist the Federation and its a letter to the leader of the German Olympic the scientist lived in the West End of Frank employees in every respect, to supervise ceme team that its committee had refused to ask furt. Ehrlich had received the Nobel Prize teries in their particular districts and to pro the Olympic Committee to commemorate the for Medicine in 1908 for having discovered tect them from hooliganism. Israeli players killed in Munich in 1972 by a Salvarsan the first effective drug to fight minute of silence. Such a gesture, it is claimed Syphilis. As a Jew, he was however, denied BOOK BY REFUGEE AUTHOR TOO m the letter, would help to establish peace at a chair at any German university. He died CONTROVERSIAL the Olympic Games and bring about a realisa in 1915. In 1952, the city of Frankfurt tion of the importance of mutual understand- created a Ludwig Darmstadter/Paul Ehrlich German publishers have refused to accept 'ng. prize. A wing of the Weizmann Institute in the novel "The Nazi and the Barber" as they Rehovoth, Israel, was named after Paul Ehr consider it too controversial. Its author is LIFE SENTENCE IN ABSENTIA Edgar Hilsenrath, 49, a German-Jewish refugee lich whose other achievements were in the who worked as a waiter in a New York cabaret After a three months' trial, a Trieste court fleld of cancer and immunity research and while writing his book which has been trans sentenced Josef Oberhauser, the only surviv- chemotherapy. E.G.L. lated into six languages. It is the story of a Jng former commandant of the so-called In the presence of Frau Mildred Scheel, Nazi mass-murderer who assimies the identity Riviera camp" in Trieste during the last war, wife of the president of the German Federal of one of his victims, a Jewish barber, and to life imprisonment. Oberhauser now lives in Republic, the Paul Ehrlich wing of the Weiz finds himself in Israel as a pioneer. The «lunich and did not attend the trial. The camp mann Institute in Rehovoth was handed over author said that since he went to Israel as one Which was set up in a former rice mill, served to the scientists who are to work there. The of the first post-war Jewish refugees, he had trom 1943 to 1945 as a concentration camp Federal govemment contributed some £500,000 always been interested in how a real Nazi lor Jews and partisans from Italy and the to the costs of the institute. 40 German would react to the experience of being in Balkan countries. After 1944 it liecame an scientists also attended the opening ceremony. Israel. extermination camp. Oberhauser was accused ?f having co-onerated in the torturing and LAWYER ROEDER SUSPENDED killing of more than 3,000 inmates. Most of PROFESSOR HANS ROTHFELS 85 the several hundred witnesses examined by Manfred Roeder, 47, the lawyer who re The historian Professor Dr. Hans Rothfels, the court, testified to Oberhauser's activities, ceived a suspended prison sentence of seven professor emeritus since 1959, recently cele f^he camp is now a national monument. months for incitement to violent action, has brated his 85th birthday. His father Justizrat been suspended by the lawyers' association Dr. Max Rothfels had been chairman of the and will no longer be allowed to practise his Board of the Kassel Jewish congregation until ISRAELI HEROLN SMUGGLERS profession. Roeder has publicly declared that his death in 1935. Professor Rothfels who was SENTENCED everything said about Auschwitz was a lie, that a Protestant, lost his chair at Konigsberg . Six Israelis received prison sentences be- there had been no gas chambers in the Third university in 1934 and taught at Oxford for ^een 34 months and nine years in a Frankfurt Reich, and that altogether no more than 200,000 five years. Subsequently, until his return to ^purt for having sold more than £200,000 worth Jews had been Irilled. He had also asked his Germany in 1951^ he taught history at the of heroin in the Federal Republic. In 1974 political friends to send menacing letters to University of Chicago. Since then, he has ^hey had formed a gang who bought heroin the Prime Minister of the Land Rheinland written extensively on the history of the in Amsterdam through Chinese middlemen, Pfalz who had refused to grant an anmesty to German Resistance and received the highest smuggled it into the Federal Republic and a NS criminal. awards of the Federal Republic. E.G.L. Sold it, after processing, to addicts in various i-aender. The head of the gang, "Big Joe" Amiel, 34, from Tel Aviv escaped from prison oefore the trial. Shimon Rimon, a former offi cer of the Israeli Army who had acted as SECRETARY bodyguard to the gang, was sent to prison for ''i years. Director of International Metal Company requires Secretary with some knowledge of German. 5-day week, 9 a.m.-5.30 p.m. L.Vs. Holidays REFERENDUM IN OBERAMMERGAU? honoured. Congenial atmosphere. Applicants commanding in excess of The Oberammergau organisation which Wants to keep the Passion Play in its old anti- £2,300 p.a. Please write or telephone Jewish form, has demanded a referendum to Miss NICOIG Fdss decide on the matter. Last year the local council had unanimously decided to produce a MOUNTSTAR METAL CORPORATION LIMITED, less offensive version which was to cost over Star House, Grafton Road, London NWS 4BD ^•100,000, but 1,800 out of 3,200 local electors nave so far signed a petition to keep the Telephone: 485 7611. iraditional version. Page 12 AJR INFORMATION June 1976
Hans I. Bach stories by Agnon with a group of younger friends. Finally, at the end of 1923 he took the "moral decision" to move to Palestine, where he married his first wife. Against the A FRIENDSHIP view of his father who thought that he would never be able to eam a penny with Judaistics. Gershom Scholem on Walter Benjamin Scholem immediately got a job at the Jewish National Library. In April 1925, he was ap pointed Lecturer of Jewish Mysticism at the Tills "story of a friendship",* written with Marxist ideology without, however, joining the newly established Hebrew University of Jeru scientific precision and deep devotion, is Communist Party or forgoing his particular salem—^he had found his life task. Henceforth, based on recollections, diary notes and cor brand of Jewish religiosity. As he has increas the one major change was a divorce and his respondence. It gives a fascinating view of the ingly been claimed for the other side, Scholem second marriage in 1938. close relationship and the evolution of two quietly sets out to balance the record. Walter Benjamin studied in Berlin and very different personalities: the writer, now Walter Benjamin was 5i years older than Freiburg, where he met the young poet C. F. world-famous as the scientific explorer of large Gerhard (Gershom) Scholem, coming from a Heinle who then followed him to Berlin; Heinle areas of Jewish mysticism and historian of its wealthy Berlin family; his father, originally a and his girl friend Rika Seligsohn unfortunate development; the friend, literary historian, banker, later became an antiquarian bookseller ly took their lives at the beginning of the essayist and critic, whose reputation spread and art-dealer. Scholem's was a bourgeois 1914-18 vrar. Benjamin, however, moved to only since the end of the Second World War. family of decent standards, his father being a Munich and continued his studies there, at The book illuminates personalities and situa printer. The two young people met early ki tracted by Dora PoUak-Kellner whom be tions on the borders of and beyond (Jerman- their student days. They had been members married in April, 1917 (having dissolved a pre Jewish life largely unknown hitherto. Time of the German youth movement, Scholem of vious engagement). The young couple went and place range from Berlin in the middle of its socialist and early Zionist wing, and were to Berne where Benjamin got his Ph.D. with a the First World War to France, Germany and, united in their searching minds and radical thesis on "The Concept of Art Criticism in as it then was, Palestine at the beginning of views, both being strongly in opposition to the German Romanticism" (1919). The beginning the Second. The description has the freshness First World War and the prevailing fervent monetary inflation, which was to cost his of first-hand experience and covers a large patriotism and nationalism; Scholem clandes parents their fortune, enforced their retum to canvas of the Jewish, scientific, cultural and tinely distributed copies of "The International". the i)arental home; their stay there was not political world, of Socialist and Zionist devel Otherwise they differed markedly, Scholem without friction. opments. It is heightened by a dramatic motif: being hearty and confident, "sometimes a little In summer 1921, Benjamin met the publisher from the mid^twenties onwards, largely under ostentatiously", a rough diamond, tall and of Richard Weisbach of Heidelberg who brought the influence of a Communist lady-love, Walter brisk gait. Benjamin was small, "of Chinese out his translation of Baudelaire's "Tableaux Benjamin became increasingly interested in politeness" but occasionally inconsiderate even Parisiens". He was also willing to back a pro to friends, and so secretive as to hardly ever jected periodical of Benjamin's, "Angelus * Gershom Scholem: Walter Benjamin—die Getchichte mention the names of acquaintances. He was einer Freundschalt. Bibliothek Suhrkamp 467, 299 pp. highly sensitive to noise, with a melancholy Frankfurt 1975. DM 12.80. strain and depressive traits at times given to Continued on next page fits of despotism; he walked slowly, deliberate ly, even hesitatingly unless talking indoors when he paced animatedly up and down. To the younger friend he gave "an immediate im pression of genius", and on occasion Scholem could see "something prophetic" in him: the relationship to Benjamin from whom, as he put it, he had learned to think, was "the most de cisive of my life, at any rate, to a man", though conflicts between them were by no DUNBEE-COMBEX-MARX means absent. He kept an archive of Benja min's writings. LTD. Their friendship also had its lighter side. For their own amusement they invented a University Muri and sent each other formal announcements of its transactions. For instance, Soholem was informed that his lectures on The Invention of the Fretsaw (Laubsage), with seminar, had not been inscribed for but would continue to be recommended to the students. Stud.bub Martin had graduated and had been promoted to Buber; a venia lebendi [sic] had been granted to him, and he was to lecture on week-days, 7-8 a.m., on Rabindranath Tagore Dunbee House (with conducted tours).
Careers 117 Great Portland Street, Contrasting with the meandering of Benja min's course to whom Scholem once gave it as his "conviction that, more than any other, London, W.l you will always arrive somewhere else than where you want to go", Scholem's OWTI career follows an almost straight line. He first took up the study of mathematics, worked on mathe matics and language and wrote a "mathemati cal theory of truth", however, not least under Tel: 01-580 3264/0878 (P.B.X.) the influence of Achad Ha'am's Jewish writings, he felt increasingly attracted to Judaistics: he "searched for a way to the Jewish sub Grams: FLEXATEX LONDON, HOUSE OF HALLGARTEN stance and its unfolding". In May 1919, 22i years old, he changed over to the new field 53/79 Highgate Road, London, NWS 1RR and planned a doctoral thesis on "The Langu TELEX. age Theory of the Kabbalah"; he had studied Hebrew for years, combining it with Talmudic INT. TELEX 2-3540 Choose Hallgarten—Choose Fine Wines studies. In 1923, after his graduation, he studied at Franz Rosenzweig's "Lehrhaus" in Frankfurt the Sohar, the Book of Daniel and AJR INFORMATION June 1976 Page 13
tives over to the Gestapo. The blocking of the GERSHOM SCHOLEM ON WALTER BENJAMIN frontier lasted just one day—^before and after wards the passage would have been free. Walter Benjamin, however, who had enter Continued from page 12 tained suicide plans several times before, felt the situation as final and took poison during the night of September 26,1940. He was buried Noyus", the title of a watercolour by Klee in a bitter divorce; it had previously been at Port Bou; his grave is not known with Which played an important part in his inner shaken by another love of his, to the sculp certainty. J^e; but the project foundered on the infla tress Jula Cohn who, however, did not recipro Scholem regards as his friend's best work tion. He was consoled by Hofmannsthal's en cate it. (In later years, Benjamin and his wife his essays on Gottfried Keller, Lesskov, thusiastic acclaim of his essay on Goethe's re-established a friendly relationship.) After Goethe's "Wahlverwandtschaften," Children's . wahlverwandtschaften" (1922) as "absolutely half a year, Asja Lacis retumed to Moscow; Books and The Task of the T^unslator (the incomparable" and its publication in Hof- she perished in one of Stalin's purges. introduction to Benjamin's translations of niannsthal's periodical Neue Deutsche Beitrage. In 1928, Rowohlt had published a book by Baudelaire); his writings on Kafka, to whom A strong polemic against Gundolf's "Goethe" Benjamin, a collection of short meditations and he felt specially attracted, and on Proust might in this essay, however, turned the whole in observations, written under the influence of be added. No less outstanding but exceedingly fluential circle of Stefan George's followers Asja Lacis and entitled "One-Way Street" difficult to read are his interpretations of two lorever against him. (Einbahnstrasse), and his treatise on the Ger of Holderlin's late hymns and his book on the ,^With a treatise on "The Origin of German man baroque drama. There was no toancial German drama of the baroque age: it begins •^gedy" in the age of the Baroque Benjamin success, however, and on the tihreshold of forty with a chapter of philosophical definitions 3^ed to become a lecturer at the University of he found himself "without possessions and which remain unexplained—Benjamin said that * rankfurt, but the two professors concemed position, home amd means". Yet he continued one would have to know the Kabbala in order lelt unable to understand a word of it and his literary work undeterred, now with the to understand it! On the other side, easily turned it down. This failure ended the prospect ambition "to become the most important critic understandable though profound stands his •^t an academic career. Henceforth, he had to of German literature" which, in view of the "Childhood in Berlin around 1900": whatever ^am a precarious living as essayist, critic, power of his insights, was by no means as had to do with children, held a "magic attract iJ'anslator and reviewer. The Frankfurter boastful as it sounds. ion" for him to which his large collection of Zeitung and the Literarische Welt (Willy Haas's children's books also bears witness. His child In 1929, he met Bert Brecht and formed a hood recoUections were visualised from a Weekly) were glad to publish his articles, and lasting friendship with him—henceforth, he child's view and experience, with delights and his friend Emst Schoen, who later became said, he carried two faces, one turned to horrors often unknown to an adult. Among director of the Frankfurt Broadcasting Station, Brecht, the other to Scholem with whom he the papers from Benjamin's Marxist phase, ^Iso obtained commissions for him. He was able continued to be on the closest terms and who, "The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical to travel to Spain, Italy, Norway and repeat- in tum, never gave up his efforts to help the Reproduction" stands out: here he applies ^nly to Paris where he felt most at home; his friend as best as was possible under the cir a novel viewpoint to the theory of art, in travel reports belong to the most immediately cumstances. Scholem strongly disagreed, how particular the film. ?^ssible of his writings. Together with his ever, with some of Benjamin's Marxist papers ^^nd Hessel, he undertook a translation of and did not mince words in his criticism (he Proust, several volumes of which were pub reprints tluree of the most important letters Wide Range of Experience lished. Since 1927, the centre of his interest in an Appendix). He charges Benjamin with Benjamin wrote a microscopically small Was a book on the Arcades of Paris, to be "a self-deception of rare intensity", with which hand and liked everything small: he enthusias entitled "Paris, the capital of the nineteenth he tries to "present his findings from the tically discovered in the Cluny Museum in <^entury". He collected an enormous amount of metaphysics of language, legitimate continua Paris the whole Shema, the centre of Judaism, material for it and meant it to be his chief tions of Hamann and Humbildt, as material written on two wheat corns. Likewise, as a Work, almost entirely composed of quotations. istic considerations," which necessarily gives writer he paid attention so to say to the small, It appears as it it was for its sake that time them "the stamp of extravagance, ambiguity to the surface of a novelist's work as well as after time an intended stay at Jerusalem came and volte-face". "How long", he asks, "can you its contents: what appears behind the things ** nothing. Only part of the material still healthily maintain intellectual honesty, which described or, unknowingly, in the choice of exists. is essential to life"? words were the themes from which he de From 1930 onwards Benjamin entered into ducted traits that nobody had seen l>efore him. Planned studies in Jerusalem a co-operation with the Institute of Social Re With an affinity to surrealism, he "attempted Benjamin had seriously, even though initer- search in Frankfurt, directed by Max Hork to capture a portrait of history in the most mittently, studied Hebrew, and Scholem never heimer and Theodor W. Adorno, which under insignficant representations of reality, its tired in trying to get him an appointment at the Nazi regime was transferred first to Geneva, scraps, as it were." From there he went on to Jerusalem. Judah Leon Magnes, the Vice- later to the U.S.A. In 1935, Benjamin became look for the origin of a writer's imagination Chancellor of the University, met Benjamin and the tension which determines its historical an ordinary member and thus secured a finan and social position. He also tried to widen the together with him in Paris and was greatly cial basis, though it always remained uncertain. impressed by his plan to study metaphysics in range of experience not only by including Several papers of his were published under mysticism and astrology but also by experi Jewish literature at Jerusalem for a year. the Institute's auspices, and it was a heavy Benjamin received a grant for it, but he never menting with Hashish, on which he wrote an blow to him when in 1938 a large treatise on essay. Went. Baudelaire was tumed down. Benjamin him In the summer of 1924 on the island of Capri self had emigrated to Paris. For the reader who would like to acquaint "e had met Asja Lacis, a Latvian stage man himself directly with Walter Benjamin's writ ager in Moscow. Under her influence he tried Rising Fascist Deluge ings, there are two collections, an English and to gain "an intensive insight into the actuality a German, both entiUed "Illuminations." The ^^ a radical communism". He adopted Marxism In 1936, he published under a pseudonym English one (Collins, Fontana Books) contains *s a heuristic principle, which allowed him to a collection of letters ranging from 1783 to several essays not included in the German and continue thinking in terms of the Jewish 1883 with commentary under the title a perceptive Introduction by Hannah Arendt. Principles to which he felt committed—a kind "Deutsche Menschen": as he said, "an ark The German (Suhrkamp, Frankfurt) is larger °f "Marxist messianism". The winter 1926-27 I built when the fascist deluge began to rise". and incorporates many of the "lighter" papers; he spent in Moscow and was commissioned to The misfortune, however, that seems to have it also includes a biographical note by PYied- Write the article on Goethe for the Russian followed him through life struck here too—the rich Podszus. Benjamin's Letters, published in State Encyclopedia, which he did, but his re Swiss publisher went bankrupt when the book two volumes by Gershom Scholem and T. W. action to Communism remained ambivalent. had been printed and bound, and nearly the Adorno in 1966, and his Collected Works (2 At the end of 1928, Asja Lacis came to live in whole edition was only discovered after the volumes, 1965) are unfortunately out of Berlin, and Walter Benjamin's marriage ended war in the cellars of a bookseller. print. At the beginning of the war, Benjamin was intemed for three months in Paris. In 1940, BECHSTIEIN STEINWAY BLUTHNER Horkheimer succeeded in getting him an Affi CAMPS Finest selection reconditioned PIANOS davit and Visa for the U.S.A. Since after the INTERNMENT—P.O.W.— Always interested in purchasing Nazi occupation of France only the way FORCED LABOUR—KZ well-preserved instruments. I wish to buy cards, envelopes and folded post through Spain remained open, Benjamin marked letters from all camps of both world wars. JAQUES SAMUEL PIANOS LTD. joined a group of refugees who tried to cross Please send, reglsterea mail, stating price, to: 142 Edgware Road, W.2 Tel.: 723 8818/9 the Pyrenees. At the Spanish frontier, passage PETER C. RICKENBACX was refused, with the threat to hand the fugi- 14 Rosslyn HIII, London, N.W.S Page 14 AJR INFORMATION June 1976
Flatter's numerous popular Evergreens "Das alte Lied", "Gianitta", "Verklungen", "Made- THEATRE AND CULTURAL NEWS Ion", "When the violins are playing" are stiU Berlin. The Schlossparktheater presents Alan populated these beloved institutions, gone the sung and played all over the world, and her Ayckbourns' "Norman Conquests" which had "Herrenhof" and the "Central" where Friedell, music was used in the film "The Third Man . a record run in London. Regrettably, the Ger Alfred Polgar, Peter Altenberg, Franz Werfel thus adding to her international fame. "Das man "Norman's Eroberungen" lost the attrac debated and discussed. Only three of the alte Lied", often used by Richard Tauber as tive English pun of its title in the translation. Ring-Cafes are left (Prueckl, Landtmann, an Encore to his concerts, was also recorded The "Theater des Westens" has revived the Schwarzenberg), and the quick - service by Marlene Dietrich, and, more recently, by musical "White Horse Inn" (Im Weissen "Espresso" establishments have taken over Rudolf Schock. Roessl) which is once more playmg to capacity from those marble-topped and velvet-seated HUde Flatter who continued her musical audiences. Paul Hoerbiger who used to live in premises which now belong to an almost for career in London both as a pianist and singing Berlin in the 'Twenties and 'Thirties during gotten era when customers came to read their teacher, was married to portrait painter Otto the great UFA days, is back in that city, and papers and play a game of billiards. The only Flatter who survives her; her brother-in-laW can be seen in the part of Emperor Franz popular surviving form is the "Cafe-Restau was Shakespeare translator Richard Flatter Josef. rant", mainly in the suburbs, which, although who died some 5 years ago. S.B. Amsterdam. This month the Holland Festival different in style and origin, has maintained announces two new opera productions: "Rosen its task in offering traditional menus (and CAMILLA SPIRA 70 kavalier", by Richard Strauss, is followed by coffee, of course) at fairly reasonable prices. a new opera by Carlisle Floyd "Of Mice and S.B. The actress Camilla Spira, particularly well Men" (after the novel by John Steinbeck). remembered for her pre-1933 appearance m Birtliday. Fritz Rotter (not one of the Berlin the White Horse Inn production by Eric Char DEATH OF HILDE LOEWE-FLATTER ell, recently celebrated her 70th birthday. Rotter brothers) who wrote the lyrics of two HUde Loewe-Flatter (Henry Love) who has In 1933, she became a member of the ensemble of the most popular song hits of the Twenties, died in St. John's Wood, London, aged 80, of the Jewish "Kulturbund". She emigrated to "Ich kuesse Ihre Hand, Madame", and "Wenn was a lady of great musical gifts, and a pianist Holland and was in a concentration camp for der weisse Flieder wieder bluht", and whose of repute. After having established her repu several years. Soon after the end of hostUities total of song hits is said to be well over 1,200, tation as one of Vienna's leading accompan she returned to Berlin at the special request of celebrated his 75th birthday. ists, she toured with the Czech violin virtuoso the producer Boleslav Barlog and resumed her Vienna's "Kaffeehaus" Life, often described, Vasa Prihoda, Alma Rose and RaotU Asian, appearances on the German stage. frequently attacked, yet acknowledged as an the great Burgtheater actor for whose recitals integral part of the City scene, is today be she wrote chansons. CURT BOIS 75 moaned as being on the decline, and many Her musical associations with this country The actor Curt Bois, well-known for his of the cafes have now disappeared without began in 1926 where many of Asian's pro appearances on stage and film in the 'thirties trace. Gone are the days when Austrian writers gramme numbers, including her own com and once more active in Berlin, celebrated (and a great proportion of Jewish prominence) positions, were recorded by Columbia. HUde his 75th birthday.
FAMILY EVENTS CLASSIFIED NURSING COMPANION. Conti Personal The charge in these columns is nental lady, German-speaking, Entries in the column Family 15p for five words. seeks non-residential position. Also WIDOW WOULD LIKE to meet Events are free of charge. Texts night duty and as travelling com refined continental ladies without should be sent in by the 15th of Situations Vacant panion. Please caU 458 8698 be dependants for friendship. Phone the month. THE AJR EMPLOYMENT tween 6 and 8 p.m. 01-727 4490 after 6 p.m. AGENCY needs ladies for dress TWO HUNGARIAN LADIES, very Birthdays alterations and mending who would good cooks available for parties. CONTINENTAL LADY, young be prepared to collect and deliver AJR Employment Agency, phone sixties, would like to meet lady Linton.—Louis Linton of 26 01-624 4449. or gentleman for companionship- work/do fittings at clients' homes. Preferable Kingston area. Box 582. Manor Drive, Wembley Park, Please contact Mrs. Casson, 01-624 ALTERATIONS OF DRESSES, Middx. (formerly Dr. Ludwig 4449. etc., undertaken by ladies on our Liebermann) will celebrate his WIDOW, lively, intelligent, inde 80th birthday on June 15 in the register. Phone AJR Employment pendent means, interested in company of his wife, his chUdren COMPANION SOUGHT by active Agency, 01-624 4449. music, would like to meet a and his seven grandchildren. lady in her 70s, capable of helping gentleman for companionship and with light household duties. Daily Accommodation Vacant travelling. Age about 55 to 60. help kept. Very comfortable home FURNISHED FLAT, N.W.2, nomi Box 584. Deaths in modern block in St. John's nal rent in exchange for some Glaser.—Leo Kurt Glaser, form Wood. Salary negotiable. Please help (evenings and weekends) to WIDOWER, mid-seventies, North- erly of Breslau, passed away on contact 01-445 9115 after 7 p.m. elderly cultured couple in flat London (Holloway), N.7, healthy, April 13 in London. Deeply below. Box 585. retired, looks for companion in mourned by his sister, relatives GENERAL HELP wanted. Modern SUNNY MODERN comfortable simUar situation—man or woman— and all the friends, to whom he has house, London suburb. ChUdless room available. C/h and use of for mutual visits and walks, friend been for many years the best couple, own room and bathroom. kitchen, bath and garden. Suit ship only. Box 586. companion. Tel: 01-445 1403. middle-aged lady, professional pre ferred, Wembley Park. Box 58'7. AJR Enquiries Lesheim.—Edith Lesheim, 11 Towns- LADY WITH CATERING EX end Square, Iffley Road, Oxford, PERIENCE needed as relief cook Accommodation Wanted Kaye.—Mrs. Dorothy Kaye, last passed away just before her 8Ctth initially once a month on a Wed LADY WANTS ROOM furnished known address: 40 Breadalbane birthday. Deeply mourned by her nesday morning. Please apply in or unfurnished, ground-fioor, or lift Street, Glasgow, G3 7JE. daughter, Inge, famUy and friends. writing to: AJR Meals-on-Wheels, available. Full board. Tel: 01-764 Ross.—Eric. Passed away after 8 Fairfax Mansions, NW3 6JY or 8078. Personal Enquiries much suffering. Deeply mouraed telephone Mrs. Casson 624 4449 Miscellaneous by his wife, Mia, sons, David and for interview appointment. REVLON MANICURIST / PEDI- NAME AND ADRESS (or former Paul, family and friends.—13 Hill CURIST. WUl visit your home. address) sought of Vienesse psychi 01-445 2915. atrist or lay analyst, first name side Avenue, Wembley Park. Situations Wanted MOTORBIKE ENTHUSIASTS! Erna, nicknamed "Rosie", probably Memorial Stone LADIES AVAILABLE for shop Join fellow riders on interesting from surname, practising in Wim- ping, cooking, companionship, light outings. I am 22, "A" level edu pole Street, in the early 1950s. Heymann.—The memorial stone in attendance duties for at least 3 cated, with interests in music and Grateful for any information. Post ever-loving memory of Hilda Hey- hours per day up to 5 days per phUately. I own a Honda 250 G5 age, telephone refunded. Hoffmann, mann, beloved wife of Kurt, and week. Telephone: AJR Employ in N.W. London. If interested, Forrest Lodge. Broadwater Forest, mother of Roy, will be consecrated ment Agency, 01-624 4449 and find Bridge, Tunbridge Wells, TN3 9JP- phone 01-452 0026. 0892 34655. at the Liberal Jewish Cemetery, out whether we know of someone SAMMLER SUCHT BUder, Aqua Pound Lane, WUlesden, on Sunday, in your area or in easy reach by relle, Graphik von: W. Busch, L. June 13, at 1 p.m. bus or tube. Corinth, A. Feuerbach, C. D. JUSTIZRAT BENDER (deceased)- In Memoriam Friedrich, M. Klinger, K. Kollwitz, Any reader who could give infor SURREY AREAS near Richmond/ Mr. Liebermann, A. Menzel, L. mation about the life and work of Freiwald.—In never fading mem Kew/Wimbledon, also Hammer Richter, G. Schadow, M. Slevogt, Justizrat Dr. Hugo Bender (born ory of my dearly loved husband, smith and Putney areas : Lady, car C. Spitzweg, L. Ury, R. von Alt, m Darmstadt 1863, died in England Lazar, who passed away on Erev owner available for shopping, M. von Schwindt, H. Zille und 1941) should kindly get in touch Shavuoth, 5735, held in high esteem cooking, companionship. Would Zeitgenossien. Box 583. with the office of the Biographische by hLs granddaughter Joan, family use car for outings, transport, 3-4 GESAMMELTE WERKE (in fuenf Handbuch der deutschsprachigen and numerous friends. Out of sight hours per day, Mondays to Fridays. Baenden) von Theodor Fontane for Emigration nach 1933, Leonrod- but not out of mind of his wife, Please contact AJR Employment sale. Please phone (after 8 p.m. if strasse 46b, 8 Muenchen 19, West Edith (nee Meyer). Agency, 01-624 4449. possible) 01-346 5109. Germany. AJR INFORMATION June 1976 Page 15
Mr. Julius Strauss, Mr. G. Streat, Mr. G. L. Tietz, Dr. U. Tietz, Mrs. Eva Trent, Dr. Valerie AJR GENERAL MEETING WUls, Dr. Charlotte Wittelshoefer, Mr. F. S. Worms, Mr. H. Wreschner. Thursday, June 17 It is proposed to elect as a new Board member Mrs. Ruth Schneider. -As readers will have seen from the an The full list of the Executive members The Board also includes representatives of nouncement published on page 5 of this proposed for election and re-election respect the Provincial groups. ,,-n^' ^^^^ year's Annual General Meeting ively therefore reads as follows: Mr. C. T. WUl be held on Thursday, June 17, at 7.45 Marx (Chairman), Dr. F. E. Falk (Vice-chair MEMORIAL SERVICE FOR P-m- in the Hall of Hannah Karminski House man), Mrs. S. 'Taussig (General Secretary), RABBI DR. MAYBAUM vsiae entrance), 9 Adamson Road, Swiss Cot Dr. W. Rosenstock (Director), Mrs. R. Ander tage, N.W.3. man, Mr. W. M. Behr, O.B.E., Mr. S. Bischheim A Memorial Service for the late Rabbi Dr. AA» '"^ previous years, the business of the (Trustee), Mr. A. S. Dresel, Mr. C. F. Flesch, Ignaz Maybaum wUl be held on Sunday, June J^^M. WiU be foUowed by a talk on a subject Mr. 0. E. Franklyn (Trustee), Mr. E. K. 6, at 4 D.m., at the Edgware and District °i general topicality. This procedure has Heyman, Dr. A. R. HorweU (Tmstee), Dr. E. Reform Synagogue, 118 Stonegrove, Edgware. sta H-*^ particularly valuable, because notwith- A. Lomnitz, Mr. E. A. Sonnenberg, Mr. L. tanding the importance of the essential work Spiro. ^^ed out by the AJR in its specific sphere, LITERARY GIFT TO RABBI ALTMANN w? must not lose sight of the wider issues Board: It is proposed to re-elect the ^ih which we Jews are faced in these times, members of the present Board. They are: At the annual meeting of the Institute of ^.e are very pleased indeed that Mr. Hayim Mrs. R. Abels, Mrs. 0. Albrecht, Mr. R. Apt, Jewish Studies the chairman, Mr Victor fWer, Executive Director, B'nai B'rith, has Miss M. Babington, Mrs. A. Berent, Mrs. R. Mishcon, announced that the Institute is to fp^iy agreed to address the meeting on "Jew- BerUn, Dr. J. Bondi, Dr. W. Breslauer, Rabbi I. commemorate the 70th birthday of its founder. fp^,Problems in a changing World". By his Broch, Mr. F. Dannen, Dr. W. Dux, Dr. R. Rabbi Dr. Alexander Altmann, with the publi ir^^ing. activities Hayim Pinner has obtained Elton, Dr. H. Feld, Dr. A. Fleiss, Mrs. A. cation of a work in his honour "Studies in ine insight knowledge necessary to assess the Fleiss, Dr. H. G. Francken, Mr. R. J. Fried Jewish Religious and InteUectual History". Distinguished scholars in Britain, Israel, the ewish position on a world-wide political basis. mann, Mrs. Elisabeth Goldschmidt, Dr. Erna Preceding the address by Mr. Pinner, re- Goldschmidt, Mr. R. Graupner, Dr. F. Gumpert, U.S. and elsewhere had promised contributions. ^.Vfts on the activities and finances of the AJR Sir Ludwig Guttmann, Mr. S. F. HaUgarten, The book wUl be presented to Dr. Altmann ^111 be given and the members of the Executive Mrs. G. Hambourg, Mr. E. Haymann, Mr. Her during his projected visit to London next year. ana Board of the AJR wUl be elected. The bert M. Hirsch, Mrs. Susanne Horwell, Mrs. M. Ju wing election proposals are submitted by Jacoby, Dr. A. Kaufmann, Mr. E. C. Kent, Dr. VICKY EXHIBITION the Executive: L. G. T. King, Mrs. F. Kochmann, Mr. M. Kochmann, Rabbi Jakob J. Kokotek, Dr. H. An exhibition of drawings and cartoons by Committee of Management (Executive). To Lawton, Miss J. Lee, Dr. Rita Lehmann, Dr. the late "Vicky" (Victor Weisz) wUl be held "le great regret of his coUeagues, Mr. W. M. G. Leon, Dr. F. Levy, Mr. A. Lieberman, Dr. at the Ben Uri Art GaUery (21 Dean Street, °ehr, O.B.E., has decided not to stand for re- Julius Loeb, Dr. E. G. Lowenthal, Mrs. Use W.l) from June 9-25. The GaUery is open eiection as chairman; he agreed however to Loewenthal, Dr. E. Magnus, Mrs. M. Mautner, Monday to Thursday, 10 a.m. to 5 p.m., Friday remain a member of the Executive. It is pro Mr. H. C. Mayer, Mrs. Gabriele Meyer, Mrs. 10 a.m. to 1 p.m., and Sunday 2 to 5 p.m. posed that he shotUd be succeeded as chair- L. Meyer, Dr. L. Nelken, Dr. H. Neufeld, ?;3n by the present vice-chairman, Mr. C. T. Mr. E. Plaut, Mrs. M. Pottiitzer, Mr. W. R. CHESS OLYMPICS IN ISRAEL ^arx, and that Dr. F. E. Falk, for many years PoweU, Dr. Eva Reichmann, Dr. E. Reifenberg "on. Treasurer, be elected vice-chairman. The (Gabriele Tergit), Mr. A. Reimann, Mr. J. The 22nd men's Olympic chess congress and '}^^ Hon. Treasurer will be proposed at Sachs, Mrs. Charlotte Salzberger, Mr F. Sam the 7th women's chess congress will take place "le meeting. Furthermore, Mrs Shirley son, Dr. H. G. Sandheim, Mrs. M. Schurmann, in Haifa in October. All participants will stay Taussig, who was appointed General Secretary at two top hotels on Mount Carmel where Mrs. D. Segall, Dr. W. Selig, Mr. P. E. Shields, prices have been reduced by 50 per cent for °t the AJR on January 1, 1976, wiU be an O.B.E., Dr. Laura Stein, Miss Renate Stern, f^^utive member ex officio. members of chess clubs who want to attend.
SWISS COTTAGE HOTEL Catering witli a difference MEALSON-WHEELS 4 Adamson Road, THE DORICE Food of «ri nations for formal or The Holiday Season Is Informal occasions—In vour own homa approaching and drivers are London, N.W.S Continental Cuisine—Licensed or any venue. LONDON AND COUNTRY urgently needed. TEL.I 01-721 2211 Mileage Allowance. Beautifully appointed—all modem 169a Finchley Road, N.W.S comforts. (624 6301) Mrs. ILLY LIEBERMAN Please contact: Mrs. S. Panke ^ nilnut* from $wiu Cotuge Tub« Statto* PARTIES CATERED FOR 01-937 2872 AJR Office: 01-624 9096/7
INTRODUCING EDGWARE NURSING MELANIE HALL HAMPSTEAD HOUSE COLDWELL RESIDENTIAL HOME A luxurious private home for tho 12 Lyndhurst Gardens, N.W.3 elderly in Finchley, 1 Hendon HOTEL 36-38 Orchard Drive, Edgwar*, for the elderly, retired and slightly Avenue, London, N.3. DIETS AND NURSING MIddx. Each resident has his or her own handicapped. Luxurious accom SERVtCES AVAILABLE Registered with the Borough of room — each one Individually modation, central heating through Barnet and staffed in accordance fumished. out. H/c in all rooms, lift to all Lovely Large Terrace & Gardens. Very Quiet Position. with their regulations. We offer 24-hour nursing care floors, coloured TV, lounge and and attention; have a doctor visit We provide full nursing care for comfortable dining room, pleasant North Finchley, near Woodhouse ing and on call; beautiful gardens Grammar School. the sick elderly and for the gardens. Kosher food. Modest "ont and rear; excellent cuisine chronically ill of all ages. and boast a homely, Jewisn terms. Enquiries: MRS. COLDWELL atmosphere. 11 Fenstanton Avenue, Matron: Miss K. McAteer Please tel.: Matron on 01-349 9441 01-452 9768 or 01-794 6037 London, N.12 lor appointment. Tel.: 01-445 0061 Tel: 01-958 8196
Continental Boarding House BELSIZE SQUARE GUEST "AVENUE LODGE" GROSVENOR NURSING Well-appointed rooms, excellent food. TV. (Licensed by the London Borough of Garden. Conaenlal atmosphere, treasonable HOUSE HOME rata*. A permanent home for the elderhr. Barnet) Securitv and continuitv of management 24 BELSIZE SQUARE, N.W.3 Golders Green, N.W.II Registered by tha Borough of Camden assured bv Tel.: 01-794 4307 or 01-435 2557 For geriatric and convalescent NORTH-WEST LONDON'S EXCLUSIVE Mrs. A. WolH & Mrs. H. WolH (Jnr) MODERN SELF-CATERING HOLIDAY patients. Long or short term. ROOMS. RESIDENT HOUSEKEEPER. HOME FOR THE ELDERLY AND 3 Hemstal Road, London, MODERATE TERMS. RETIRED Comfortable TV lounge and NW6 2AB Tel.: 01-624 8521 NEAR SWISS COTTACE STATION k Luxurloua ilngla and double rooma spacious dining room. Lift to all with telaphone. floors. Kosher cuisine. Day and * Principal rooms with balhroom en night nursing by qualified staff, LUGGAGE ROSEMOUNT GUEST HOUSE suite. under supervision of matron. HANDBAGS, UMBRELLAS AND Excellent food. Colour TV. * Lounge with colour TV. Single and double rooms. Fees ALL LEATHER GOODS Central heating. Large garden. * Kosher culslna. from £50-00 per week sharing. TRAVEL GOODS k Lovely gardens—easy parking. Ring for appointment: H. FUCHS 17 Parsifal Road, London, * Day and nighl nursing. 01-203 2692 01-452 051S 2K7 West End Lano. N.W.S N.W.6 Plaaae lelaphono tha Matron, 01-455 OBOO 85/87 Fordwych Road, London, N.W.2. Phone 435 2602 Tel.: 01-435 5856 & 8585 Page 16 AJR INFORMATION June 1976
HABITAT EXHIBITION AT SWISS COTTAGE Letters to the Editor This month, the UN Habitat Conference is being held in Vancouver. To stimulate the interest in the problems involved, the Camden WIENER LIBRARY know, this Memorial Centre hands out special Council for Initemational Co-operation, to forms on which the particulars of the victims Sir,—We very much appreciate the concem gether with other local groui)s, will arrange of the Holocaust are to be recorded. I am sure a Habitat Exhibition which will be displayed expressed by your correspondents about the that those of our friends who were at Yad fate of the Wiener Library but we were at Swiss Cottage Library at the time of the Vashem have received and completed these Habitat conference in the first half of June- saddened by the factual inaccuracy and the forms in memory of their nearest ones. I unhelpful tenor of their letter. The financial should, however, like to appeal through your Furthermore, a working party will deal situation of the Wiener Library was never a columns to those who have not yet done so. with some affairs in the borough, such as the secret and the decisions of its executive com They should ask for the required number of problem of excessive traffic and the successes mittee taJien unanimously were widely publi Testimonial Forms by writing to Yad Vashem, and failures in housing and the environment. cised at the time in the Jewish Chronicle and POB 84, Jerusalem, Israel. Details may be obtained from the convenor, in other journals. To keep the Wiener Library Mr. Philipp Barbour, tel. 01-458 2847. in London indefinitely, financial support is The officials stressed the need of obtaining, needed. Even now it may be possible to find as far as humanly possible, particulars of every EXHIBITION OF EAST END ABT an arrangement which would be acceptable to man, woman and child, who perished. The fact A unique exhibition of mostly Jewish East everyone concerned. But for this, considerable that already noto doubts about the number of End art is at the moment held at the Camp contributions, if not an endowment, are required. victims, estimated at six million, have been bell and Franks Gallery in Marylebone. There In shcrrt, we need constructive help rather than expressed, adds to the importance of the are works by Mark Gertler, Epstein and Pearl polemical letters and we shall be only too scheme. Since the records are still largely Binder (Lady Elwyn Jones) and her son who happy to collaborate urith anyone vrilling to incomplete, any assistance rendered by your has now settled there. There are also paint assist vs towards this purpose. We note that readers will be greatly appreciated. ings by Sam Rabin who wrestled for England most of the signatories of your letter are not (Urs.) EVA T. FREEMAN in the 1928 Olympics. He was identified in a even among our members, who make a token 23 Windsor Court, Barnett Freedman portrait in the show and contribution to the upkeep of the Library. May Wembley Park, subsequently traced to Dorset where he now we hope that, as a first step, they will join ? Middlesex, HA9 9AN. lives. WALTER LAQUEUR Director CONTINENTAL SUBSCRIPTION SYSTEM RUSSIAN JEWISH AUTHOR AT Wiener Liorary, BRENT CROSS 4 Devonshire Street, Sir,—I refer to the Continental Subscription Russian novelist David Markish visited London, WIN 2BH System (mentioned in the Theatre and Cul Brent Cross Shopping Centre to authograph tural News column of your March issu£), which copies of his first book "The Beginning", an generally is not used in this country. Your autobiographical account of adolescent life m DOCUMENTATION CENTRE OF readers may be interested to learn that we, a Russian exile colony. Three years ago he YAD VASHEM in Glasgow just experienced a most successful was allowed to emigralte to Israel after a mas Sir,—/ recently returned from a visit to kind of "Continental Subscription System" at sive campaign on his behalf in this country. Jerusalem, vjhere I spoke to officials of the the Royal Theatre during the completed Opera His wife Irina had been allowed out a year Documentation Centre at Yad Vashem. As Season 1975-76. earlier and gained fame by dashing on to court those of your readers who, on the occasion of (Mrs.) LORE LUCAS at Wimbledon to draw attention to her hus their travels to Israel, paid homage to the 32 Southlea Avenue, band's plight. Markish's father, a modern Yid memory of our martyrs by visiting Yad Vashem Thomliebank, Glasgow. dish poet, was killed during Ithe Stalin regime.
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Published by the Association of Jewish Refugees in Great Britain, 8 Fairfax Mansions. London, NWS 6JY. 'Phone: 01-624 9096/7 (General Office and Administration of Homes): 01-624 4449 (Employment Agency and Social Services Department). Printed at the Sharon Press, 61 Lilford Road. S.E.S.