Center for Public Safety Management Operational and Administrative Analysis, May 2021
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CENTER OPERATIONALFOR PUBLIC SAFETY MANAGEMENT, AND LLC ADMINISTRATIVE ANALYSIS BILLINGS FIRE DEPARTMENT, BILLINGS, MONTANA Final Report-May 2021 CENTER FOR PUBLIC SAFETY MANAGEMENT, LLC 475 K STREET NW, STE 702 • WASHINGTON, DC 20001 WWW.CPSM.US • 716-969-1360 Exclusive Provider of Public Safety Technical Services for International City/County Management Association THE ASSOCIATION & THE COMPANY The International City/County Management Association is a 103-year-old nonprofit professional association of local government administrators and managers, with approximately 13,000 members located in 32 countries. Since its inception in 1914, ICMA has been dedicated to assisting local governments and their managers in providing services to its citizens in an efficient and effective manner. ICMA advances the knowledge of local government best practices with its website (www.icma.org), publications, research, professional development, and membership. The ICMA Center for Public Safety Management (ICMA/CPSM) was launched by ICMA to provide support to local governments in the areas of police, fire, and emergency medical services. ICMA also represents local governments at the federal level and has been involved in numerous projects with the Department of Justice and the Department of Homeland Security. In 2014, as part of a restructuring at ICMA, the Center for Public Safety Management (CPSM) was spun out as a separate company. It is now the exclusive provider of public safety technical assistance for ICMA. CPSM provides training and research for the Association’s members and represents ICMA in its dealings with the federal government and other public safety professional associations such as CALEA, PERF, IACP, IFCA, IPMA-HR, DOJ, BJA, COPS, NFPA, and others. The Center for Public Safety Management, LLC, maintains the same team of individuals performing the same level of service as when it was a component of ICMA. CPSM’s local government technical assistance experience includes workload and deployment analysis using our unique methodology and subject matter experts to examine department organizational structure and culture, identify workload and staffing needs, and align department operations with industry best practices. We have conducted 341 such studies in 42 states and provinces encompassing 246 communities ranging in population from 8,000 (Boone, Iowa) to 800,000 (Indianapolis, Ind.). Thomas Wieczorek is the Director of the Center for Public Safety Management. Leonard Matarese serves as the Director of Research & Program Development. Dr. Dov Chelst is the Director of Quantitative Analysis. i CENTER FOR PUBLIC SAFETY MANAGEMENT PROJECT CONTRIBUTORS Thomas J. Wieczorek, Director Leonard A. Matarese, Director, Research & Project Development Dov Chelst, Ph.D. Director of Quantitative Analysis Michael Iacona, Senior Manager Fire and EMS Sarah Weadon, Senior Data Analyst Xianfeng Li, Data Analyst Dennis Kouba, Senior Editor ii CONTENTS Tables ........................................................................................................................................ v Figures...................................................................................................................................... vii Section 1. Executive Summary ............................................................................................... 1 Recommendations ..................................................................................................................................... 2 Section 2. Scope of Project ..................................................................................................... 5 Section 3. Organization and Management ........................................................................... 6 Governance and Administration .............................................................................................................. 6 Billings Fire Department Overview ............................................................................................................ 7 Staffing and Deployment ........................................................................................................................ 13 Fire Station Facilities .................................................................................................................................. 19 Apparatus and Fleet Management ....................................................................................................... 22 Capital Equipment………………………………………………………………………………………………..26 Radio Interoperability and Coverage .................................................................................................... 27 Section 4. Analysis of Planning Approaches ..................................................................... 288 Fire Risk Analysis ....................................................................................................................................... 288 Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment…………………………………………………………………………29 Hazardous Materials Response ............................................................................................................. 322 Target Hazards and Fire Preplanning ................................................................................................... 344 Accreditation .......................................................................................................................................... 355 Section 5. Operational Response Approaches ................................................................. 377 Fire Response Protocols ............................................................................................................................ 39 Wildland Fires ........................................................................................................................................... 466 Integrated Risk Management ............................................................................................................... 488 EMS Response and Transport................................................................................................................. 500 Mutual Aid/Automatic Response ......................................................................................................... 555 Workload Analysis ..................................................................................................................................... 56 Section 6. Response Time Analysis ..................................................................................... 622 Measuring Response Times .................................................................................................................... 633 Billings Response Times ........................................................................................................................... 644 Section 7. Performance Measurement .............................................................................. 788 Key Performance Indicators for EMS ................................................................................................ 811 Section 8. Essential Resources ............................................................................................ 833 Fire Prevention and Code Enforcement .............................................................................................. 833 ISO Rating ................................................................................................................................................ 866 Education and Training Programs .......................................................................................................... 87 Emergency Management ..................................................................................................................... 922 Emergency Communications Center (911) .......................................................................................... 94 iii Section 9. Data Analysis .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.6 Methodology ........................................................................................................................................... 966 Aggregate Call Totals and Runs ........................................................................................................... 977 Calls by Type........................................................................................................................................ 977 Calls by Type and Duration ............................................................................................................. 1000 Average Calls by Month and Hour of Day .................................................................................... 1022 Units Arriving at Calls ......................................................................................................................... 1044 Workload: Runs and Total Time Spent ................................................................................................ 1077 Runs and Deployed Time – All Units ................................................................................................ 1077 Workload by Location ...................................................................................................................... 1111 Workload by Unit ............................................................................................................................... 1122 Analysis