The Introduced Silver Pheasant (Lophura Nycthemera) in Patagonia: Abundance, Group Structure, Activity Patterns and Association to Human Disturbance
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Keeping Pheasants
KKKEEEEEEPPPIIINNNGGG PPPHHHEEEAAASSSAAANNNTTTSSS AAASSS AAA HHHOOOBBBBBBYYY Text and photos: Jan Willem Schrijvers Photo above: Siamese Fireback pheasant male(Lophura diardi). ORIGIN AND LIFESTYLE OF THE WILD PHEASANT Pheasants are wild gallinaceous birds all originating in Asia. One exception is the Congo peacock from Africa. (The pheasants also include game fowl and peacocks.) Each species has its own characteristics and life habits. There are species that live in tropical rain forests, but there are species that live in the mountains, on cold plains. This is something to take in account when housing our pheasants (with or without a night coop, with or without heating). Most species live in and around the mountains with a woodland vegetation, where they can find lots of berries, greens and seeds. It is of utmost importance to first consider the habits and living conditions of the species you want to keep. Only with proper housing will these beautiful birds show to their fullest, and reproduce. PHEASANTS IN AVIARIES In the past there were some "pheasant farms" which mainly bred the common pheasant (also known as ring-neck pheasant). The birds on these farms were bred for sport hunting. They were released en masse in the autumn in the fields and other areas to be shot for the sport. Some escaped from the hunters and that is why today we can see wild pheasants roam our fields and woods. These pheasants have also succeeded in reproducing themselves, even though they are not native birds. The birds are also kept for their colourful feathers. Each year I see Prince Carnival walk again with the beautiful feathers of the Reeves's Pheasant at his cocked hat. -
Golden Pheasant Chrysolophus Pictus
Young Golden Pheasant Chrysolophus pictus What is the history of my relationship to man? The Golden Pheasant is commonly found in zoos and aviaries, but often as impure specimens that have the similar Lady Amherst's Pheasant in their lineage. Habitat / Climate Where am I from? dark young conifer forests The Golden Pheasant or "Chinese Pheasant",is a parrot like Map with sparse undergrowth gamebird of the order Galliformes. It is native to forests in mountainous areas of western China but feral populations have been established in the United Kingdom and elsewhere. Other family members: Caspian snowcock Who are my relatives? Gray partridge Silver Pheasant, Little chachalaca, Yellow- knobbed curassow and Western capercaillie the Turkey Breeding Potential How am I born? We lay 8-12 eggs at a time and will then incubate these for around 22-23 days. Clutch size 8 to 12 eggs When we hatch we are able to walk and look for food with in hours. By a few weeks we will loose our down and have our feathers in. How long does it take me to grow up and how long do I live Once we have gotten our feathers we will keep getting bigger. By 3 months we will be full Breeding Season grown, we might add a few pounds after that but wont get larger. We can live up to 6 years. J F M A M J J A S O N D A E A P A U U U E C O E N B R R Y N L G P T V C What kind of family life do I have? We are extremely territorial. -
Hybridization & Zoogeographic Patterns in Pheasants
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Paul Johnsgard Collection Papers in the Biological Sciences 1983 Hybridization & Zoogeographic Patterns in Pheasants Paul A. Johnsgard University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/johnsgard Part of the Ornithology Commons Johnsgard, Paul A., "Hybridization & Zoogeographic Patterns in Pheasants" (1983). Paul Johnsgard Collection. 17. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/johnsgard/17 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Papers in the Biological Sciences at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Paul Johnsgard Collection by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. HYBRIDIZATION & ZOOGEOGRAPHIC PATTERNS IN PHEASANTS PAUL A. JOHNSGARD The purpose of this paper is to infonn members of the W.P.A. of an unusual scientific use of the extent and significance of hybridization among pheasants (tribe Phasianini in the proposed classification of Johnsgard~ 1973). This has occasionally occurred naturally, as for example between such locally sympatric species pairs as the kalij (Lophura leucol11elana) and the silver pheasant (L. nycthelnera), but usually occurs "'accidentally" in captive birds, especially in the absence of conspecific mates. Rarely has it been specifically planned for scientific purposes, such as for obtaining genetic, morphological, or biochemical information on hybrid haemoglobins (Brush. 1967), trans ferins (Crozier, 1967), or immunoelectrophoretic comparisons of blood sera (Sato, Ishi and HiraI, 1967). The literature has been summarized by Gray (1958), Delacour (1977), and Rutgers and Norris (1970). Some of these alleged hybrids, especially those not involving other Galliformes, were inadequately doculnented, and in a few cases such as a supposed hybrid between domestic fowl (Gallus gal/us) and the lyrebird (Menura novaehollandiae) can be discounted. -
Proposal for Amendment of Appendix I Or II for CITES Cop16
Original language: French CoP16 Prop. 17 CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA ____________________ Sixteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties Bangkok (Thailand), 3-14 March 2013 CONSIDERATION OF PROPOSALS FOR AMENDMENT OF APPENDICES I AND II A. Proposal Delete Lophura imperialis from Appendix I and Amend the standard reference for birds adopted by the Conference of the Parties in the Annex to Resolution Conf. 12.11 (Rev. CoP15): "Dickinson, E. C. (ed.)(2003): The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. Revised and enlarged 3rd Edition. 1039 pp. London (Christopher Helm)", inserting the following text in square brackets: [for all bird species – except for Lophura imperialis and the taxa mentioned below] B. Proponent Switzerland, as Depositary Government, at the request of the Animals Committee (proposal prepared by France)1. C. Supporting statement 1. Taxonomy 1.1 Class: Aves 1.2 Order: Galliformes 1.3 Family: Phasianidae 1.4 Genus, species, including author and year: Lophura imperialis, Delacour et Jabouille, 1924 Birdlife International no longer recognizes the imperial pheasant (Lophura imperialis) as a species (2011). According to the IUCN Species Survival Commission / World Pheasant Association Galliformes Specialist Group, Lophura imperialis is no longer a valid name and the taxon should be considered a natural hybrid between the species Lophura edwardsi (Oustalet, 1896) and Lophura nycthemera (Linné, 1758). As a result, Lophura imperialis has been removed from the IUCN Red List. 1 The geographical designations employed in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the CITES Secretariat or the United Nations Environment Programme concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
Phylogeography of the Common Pheasant Phasianus Colchinus
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311941340 Phylogeography of the Common Pheasant Phasianus colchinus Article in Ibis · February 2017 DOI: 10.1111/ibi.12455 CITATION READS 1 156 5 authors, including: Nasrin Kayvanfar Mansour Aliabadian Ferdowsi University Of Mashhad Ferdowsi University Of Mashhad 7 PUBLICATIONS 39 CITATIONS 178 PUBLICATIONS 529 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Zheng-Wang Zhang Yang Liu Beijing Normal University Sun Yat-Sen University 143 PUBLICATIONS 827 CITATIONS 53 PUBLICATIONS 286 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Using of microvertebrate remains in reconstruction of late quaternary (Holocene) paleoclimate, Eastern Iran View project Spatial distribution and composition of aliphatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and hopanes in superficial sediments of the coral reefs of the Persian Gulf, Iran View project All content following this page was uploaded by Yang Liu on 05 March 2017. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in blue are added to the original document and are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. Ibis (2016), doi: 10.1111/ibi.12455 Phylogeography of the Common Pheasant Phasianus colchicus NASRIN KAYVANFAR,1 MANSOUR ALIABADIAN,1,2* XIAOJU NIU,3 ZHENGWANG ZHANG3 & YANG LIU4* 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University -
Phylogenetic Relationships of the Phasianidae Reveals Possible Non-Pheasant Taxa
Journal of Heredity 2003:94(6):472–489 Ó 2003 The American Genetic Association DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esg092 Phylogenetic Relationships of the Phasianidae Reveals Possible Non-Pheasant Taxa K. L. BUSH AND C. STROBECK From the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta–Edmonton, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada. Address correspondence to Krista Bush at the address above, or e-mail: [email protected]. Abstract The phylogenetic relationships of 21 pheasant and 6 non-pheasant species were determined using nucleotide sequences from the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analysis were used to try to resolve the phylogenetic relationships within Phasianidae. Both the degree of resolution and strength of support are improved over previous studies due to the testing of a number of species from multiple pheasant genera, but several major ambiguities persist. Polyplectron bicalcaratum (grey peacock pheasant) is shown not to be a pheasant. Alternatively, it appears ancestral to either the partridges or peafowl. Pucrasia macrolopha macrolopha (koklass) and Gallus gallus (red jungle fowl) both emerge as non-pheasant genera. Monophyly of the pheasant group is challenged if Pucrasia macrolopha macrolopha and Gallus gallus are considered to be pheasants. The placement of Catreus wallichii (cheer) within the pheasants also remains undetermined, as does the cause for the great sequence divergence in Chrysolophus pictus obscurus (black-throated golden). These results suggest that alterations in taxonomic -
31St August 2021 Name and Address of Collection/Breeder: Do You Closed Ring Your Young Birds? Yes / No
Page 1 of 3 WPA Census 2021 World Pheasant Association Conservation Breeding Advisory Group 31st August 2021 Name and address of collection/breeder: Do you closed ring your young birds? Yes / No Adults Juveniles Common name Latin name M F M F ? Breeding Pairs YOUNG 12 MTH+ Pheasants Satyr tragopan Tragopan satyra Satyr tragopan (TRS ringed) Tragopan satyra Temminck's tragopan Tragopan temminckii Temminck's tragopan (TRT ringed) Tragopan temminckii Cabot's tragopan Tragopan caboti Cabot's tragopan (TRT ringed) Tragopan caboti Koklass pheasant Pucrasia macrolopha Himalayan monal Lophophorus impeyanus Red junglefowl Gallus gallus Ceylon junglefowl Gallus lafayettei Grey junglefowl Gallus sonneratii Green junglefowl Gallus varius White-crested kalij pheasant Lophura l. hamiltoni Nepal Kalij pheasant Lophura l. leucomelana Crawfurd's kalij pheasant Lophura l. crawfurdi Lineated kalij pheasant Lophura l. lineata True silver pheasant Lophura n. nycthemera Berlioz’s silver pheasant Lophura n. berliozi Lewis’s silver pheasant Lophura n. lewisi Edwards's pheasant Lophura edwardsi edwardsi Vietnamese pheasant Lophura e. hatinhensis Swinhoe's pheasant Lophura swinhoii Salvadori's pheasant Lophura inornata Malaysian crestless fireback Lophura e. erythrophthalma Bornean crested fireback pheasant Lophura i. ignita/nobilis Malaysian crestless fireback/Vieillot's Pheasant Lophura i. rufa Siamese fireback pheasant Lophura diardi Southern Cavcasus Phasianus C. colchicus Manchurian Ring Neck Phasianus C. pallasi Northern Japanese Green Phasianus versicolor -
A Multigene Phylogeny of Galliformes Supports a Single Origin of Erectile Ability in Non-Feathered Facial Traits
J. Avian Biol. 39: 438Á445, 2008 doi: 10.1111/j.2008.0908-8857.04270.x # 2008 The Authors. J. Compilation # 2008 J. Avian Biol. Received 14 May 2007, accepted 5 November 2007 A multigene phylogeny of Galliformes supports a single origin of erectile ability in non-feathered facial traits Rebecca T. Kimball and Edward L. Braun R. T. Kimball (correspondence) and E. L. Braun, Dept. of Zoology, Univ. of Florida, P.O. Box 118525, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. E-mail: [email protected] Many species in the avian order Galliformes have bare (or ‘‘fleshy’’) regions on their head, ranging from simple featherless regions to specialized structures such as combs or wattles. Sexual selection for these traits has been demonstrated in several species within the largest galliform family, the Phasianidae, though it has also been suggested that such traits are important in heat loss. These fleshy traits exhibit substantial variation in shape, color, location and use in displays, raising the question of whether these traits are homologous. To examine the evolution of fleshy traits, we estimated the phylogeny of galliforms using sequences from four nuclear loci and two mitochondrial regions. The resulting phylogeny suggests multiple gains and/or losses of fleshy traits. However, it also indicated that the ability to erect rapidly the fleshy traits is restricted to a single, well-supported lineage that includes species such as the wild turkey Meleagris gallopavo and ring-necked pheasant Phasianus colchicus. The most parsimonious interpretation of this result is a single evolution of the physiological mechanisms that underlie trait erection despite the variation in color, location, and structure of fleshy traits that suggest other aspects of the traits may not be homologous. -
Intergeneric Galliform Hybrids: a Review
INTERGENERIC GALLIFORM HYBRIDS : A REVIEW BY TONY J. PETERLE Henry Seebohm, in “The Birds of Siberia” (1901: Sol-502), makes this cogent observa- tion: “The subject of the interbreeding of nearly-allied birds in certain localities where their geographical ranges meet or overlap, and the almost identical subject of the existence of intermediate forms in the intervening district between the respective geographical ranges of nearly-allied birds, is one which has not yet received the attention which it deserves from ornithologists. The older brethren of the fraternity have always pooh-pooh’d any attempt to explain some of these complicated facts of nature by the theory of interbreeding, and have looked upon the suggestion that hybridisation was anything but an abnormal circumstance as one of the lamest modes of getting out of an ornithological difficulty.” The following sum- mary will show that interbreeding of galliform genera has often been observed: indeed that two wholly different intergeneric hybrids, one of the Old World, one of the New, have been recovered so often that they can hardly be considered ‘abnormal’ except in a very limited sense. The Old World hybrid referred to results from the crossing of the Blackcock (Lyvurus) and Capercaillie (Tetrao). DeWinton (1894: 448) said that “of all hybrids among birds in a wild state this one seems to be the most frequent.” Authors seem to be in agreement that the hybrid results principally, if not always, from the interbreeding of male Lyrurus with fe- male Tetreo in areas throughout which (a) extension of range is taking place, or (b) one or the other genus is rare, e.g., Scotland, where Tetrao has been introduced following extirpation (Millais, 1906: 55-56; DeWinton, 1894). -
HABITAT USE and NESTING ECOLOGY of RING-NECKED PHEASANT (Phasianus Colchicus)
HABITAT USE AND NESTING ECOLOGY OF RING-NECKED PHEASANT (Phasianus colchicus) ON A LANDSCAPE DOMINATED BY AGRICULTURE IN LOWER AUSTRIA by BRANDON COBB ANDERSON (Under the direction of Dr. John P. Carroll) ABSTRACT The basic ecology of ring-necked pheasants in Eastern Europe has received little to no research attention. The intention of our study was to provide some insight into the basic ecology of hen pheasants at two critical periods in their life cycle, these being the over-wintering and recruitment. These periods are characterized by high mortality throughout much of the current range for ring-necked pheasants. Using radio telemetry, habitat use, survival, nest site selection, nest and brood success were determined. Our research contrasts traditional beliefs that woodlands are primary winter habitat. Our work indicates that wetlands are a preferred habitat type during the months. Recruitment research on Hardegg Estate revealed that uneven dispersal of nesting and brooding habitats where suitable brooding habitat may not be adjacent to nesting habitat. The current distribution pattern of these two habitat types may be increasing mortality due to predation. INDEX WORDS: Ring-necked pheasant, Austria, Habitat use, Home range HABITAT USE AND NESTING ECOLOGY OF RING-NECKED PHEASANT (Phasianus colchicus) ON A LANDSCAPE DOMINATED BY AGRICULTURE IN LOWER AUSTRIA by BRANDON COBB ANDERSON B.B.A. The University of Georgia, 1993 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF SCIENCE ATHENS, GEORGIA 2002 © 2002 Brandon Cobb Anderson All Rights Reserved. HABITAT USE AND NESTING ECOLOGY OF RING-NECKED PHEASANT (Phasianus colchicus) ON A LANDSCAPE DOMINATED BY AGRICULTURE IN LOWER AUSTRIA by BRANDON COBB ANDERSON Approved: Major Professor: John P. -
Serologic Surveillance of Wild and Pen-Reared Ring-Necked Pheasants (Phasianus Colchicus) As a Method of Understanding Disease Reservoirs
DOI: 10.7589/2017-08-191 Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 54(2), 2018, pp. 414–418 Ó Wildlife Disease Association 2018 Serologic Surveillance of Wild and Pen-reared Ring-necked Pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) as a Method of Understanding Disease Reservoirs Ian A. Dwight,1 Peter S. Coates,1,5 Simone T. Stoute,2 C. Gabriel Senties-Cue,2,4 Radhika V. Gharpure,3 and Maurice E. Pitesky3 1US Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon Field Station, 800 Business Park Drive, Dixon, California 95620, USA; 2California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, 1550 N Soderquist Road, Turlock, California 95380, USA; 3University of California Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Cooperative Extension, 1 Garrod Drive, Davis, California 95616, USA; 4Current address: Texas Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, 365 Malone Drive, Center, Texas 75965, USA; 5Corresponding author (email: [email protected]) ABSTRACT: We investigated exposure to infectious and Mandeville Island Duck Club (Fig. 1). diseases in wild (n¼33) and pen-reared (n¼12) Using night spotlighting techniques adapted Ring-necked Pheasants (Phasianus colchicus)in from Wakkinen et al. (1992), we captured and the Central Valley of California, US during 2014 and 2015. Serologic tests were positive for collected antemortem blood from wild and antibodies against hemorrhagic enteritis, infec- pen-reared pheasants at our study sites, not tious bursal disease, and Newcastle disease including breeding farms. We classified indi- viruses in both wild and pen-reared pheasants. viduals that were not reared in captivity as ‘‘wild,’’ and individuals reared in captivity as The practice of pen rearing and releasing ‘‘pen-reared’’ pheasants. Wild pheasants sam- Ring-necked Pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) pled at Yolo Bypass Wildlife Area, GLWA, on public and private wildlands coupled with and Mandeville Island Duck Club spatially the widespread distribution of hunting areas overlapped with pen-reared pheasants re- (CDFW 2017; USFWS 2017) within Califor- leased at these sites during both years of the nia, US (Fig. -
Ring-Necked Pheasants (Phasianus Colchicus)
Ring-necked Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) October 1999 Fish and Wildlife Habitat Management Leaflet Number 10 General Information The ring-necked pheasant is a ground-dwelling, galli- naceous (chicken-like) bird of Asia first introduced into the United States prior to the 1800s. By the 1880s, wild ring-necked pheasants had become estab- lished in sustainable breeding populations within the United States and have remained one of the most popular and sought after upland game birds in central and northern regions of the country. The ring-neck’s exceptional quality as table fare, coupled with its high resistance to parasites and diseases common in ground-feeding birds, makes this colorful game bird both highly desirable and very manageable. Also characteristic of the ring-neck is its ability to share similar niches with many native grassland and farmland community wildlife species. One exception has been its interaction with native prairie chickens – pheasant males can disrupt prairie chicken leks and hens may lay eggs in prairie chicken nests. Consequently, efforts to repatriate prairie chickens in some areas may require prior removal of pheasants. The ring-neck is highly dependent on habitats in and around croplands and agricultural landscapes. Significant changes in farming practices within the last half of the twentieth century have had detri- mental effects on ring-necked pheasant populations. Removal of overgrown hedgerows and fencerows from agricultural fields and other “clean farming” practices and the conversion of open, native grass- lands and other idle habitat to introduced grasses and developed lands have contributed to a loss of nesting and protective cover resulting in population declines.