THE HORSEFIELD

GREEN SPACE ACTION PLAN

2015 - 2025

1 CONTENTS

Amendment sheet 3 1. Site Summary 4 2. Site Description 5 2.1 Site Location Map 5 2.2 Site Description Map 6 3. Introduction 7 4. Site Features 7 4.1 GeologyandSoils 7 4.2 Archaeological Interest 8 4.3 Historic Use and Management 8 4.4 Access, Facilities and Infrastructure 8 4.5Habitats 9 4.5.1 Woodland 9 4.5.2 Scrub 9 4.5.3 Grassland 9 4.5.4 Ditch 10 4.6 Wildlife 10 4.6.1 Protected Species and BAP Habitats and Species 10 4.6.2Bats 10 4.6.3Othermammals 11 4.6.4Reptiles 11 4.6.5Birds 11 4.6.6Invertebrates 11 5. Assessment and Analysis of Opportunities 12 5.1 A Welcoming Place 12 5.2 Healthy,SafeandSecure 12 5.3 Clean and Well Maintained 13 5.4 Sustainability 14 5.5 Conservation and Heritage 14 5.6 CommunityInvolvement 15 5.6.1 Community Profile 15 5.6.2 Community Research 16 5.6.3 CommunityEngagement 16 5.7 Marketing 17 6. Aims and Objectives 18 7. Action Plans and Maps 20 8. Specifications 26 9. Appendices 29

2 Amendment Sheet

AMENDMENT SECTION UPDATED DETAILS OFFICER DATE

3 1. Site Summary

Site name: The Horsefield Site Address: Langley Lane Abbots Langley Hertfordshire WD5 0LX Grid Ref: TL 097 011 Size: 19 hectares Owner: Three Rivers District Council Designations: There are no statutory or non statutory designations associated with this site.

The Management Plan for the Horsefield sets out the management, maintenance and development framework of the site over ten years, with detailed action plans and management maps provided for the first five. It is the first plan for the site, which has recently come into Three Rivers District Council’s green spaces management responsibility.

Given the site’s location immediately adjacent to Leavesden Country Park, the plan should be read in the context of the Management Plan 2015 – 2020 for that site, in which it is referenced.

The management plan will be reviewed annually, so that any outstanding tasks can be rescheduled as necessary. The management plan will also be frequently reviewed in conjunction with the Countryside Management Service and any other relevant bodies.

Our Vision:

The Horsefield is an old grazing field consisting largely of improved / semi- improved grassland with scattered scrub and bramble and a narrow woodland belt. It has been unmanaged and remained largely free from public access for some years. Consequently the site has become attractive to ground nesting birds and the long grass also attracts insects and butterflies in particular.

This plan seeks to bring the site into sustainable public use and introduce beneficial conservation management whist retaining the informal nature of the site and the associated wildlife. In particular it seeks to retain areas of grassland and scrub that are undisturbed by public access and dogs.

It is anticipated that the site will complement the adjacent, more formal Leavesden Country Park and may become an informal green link to that site but will retain a more informal atmosphere.

4 Site Location

Abbots Langley

Leavesden Country Park

The Horsefield

Leavesden

© Crown copyright and database rights 2015 OS EUL 100019606. Use of this data is subject to terms and conditions. You are permitted to use this data solely to enable you to respond to, or interact with, the organisation that provided you with the data. You are not permitted to copy, sub-licence, distribute or sell any of this data to third parties in any form. ¯ 1:10,000 The Horsefield Greenspace Tussocky grassland supporting butterflies, Bramble and Action Plan other invertebrates, other scrub ground nesting birds and small mammals Site Description

Leavesden Country Park

Pedestrian crossing linking to Country Park key Woodland with old wood/hedge bank Horsefield Site Boundary Woodland Scattered Scrub Scrub

Grassland Play Area

Play area under construction

Scatterered scrub Ditch and bank supporting nesting along boundary birds

Ditch and bank along boundary

© Crown copyright and database rights 2015 OS EUL 100019606. Use of this data is subject to terms and conditions. You are permitted to use this data solely to enable you to respond to, or interact with, the organisation that provided you with the data. 1:3,500 You are not permitted to copy, sub-licence, distribute or sell any of this data to third parties in any form. ¯ 3. Introduction

The Horsefield is an area of grassland approximately 19 hectares in size on the southern edge of Abbots Langley. With a population of 23,000 residents, Abbots Langley is one of the larger Parishes located in the SW Hertfordshire. The Parish is served by both Kings Langley and Watford Junction railway stations meaning that it is well connected to the rest of the country and only 20 minutes from central London. The M25 passes through the Parish with the M1 located on the eastern boundary.

The Horsefield forms part of a green corridor with Leavesden Country Park to the north-east and the old landfill site at Furtherfield to the west. Residential areas flank the north and south sides, including new housing development on the old Leavesden studio site. It is immediately bordered by roads on three sides - Langley Lane, South Way and Furtherfield - and private houses and gardens on the fourth. The Horsefield currently has no formal public access.

The grassland is not species rich but does provide a habitat for butterflies and insects. There are scattered areas of scrub and bramble. A narrow strip of woodland along the western edge provides further habitat diversity. The lack of disturbance, especially by dogs, has allowed a range of wildlife to flourish including ground nesting birds of priority conservation status that are breeding on the site.

The adjacent Country Park is a well-used and valued green space in Abbots Langley. It is open all year, with no entrance fees and free car parking on site. It contains a range of formal and informal recreational facilities, including walking/biking paths, football pitches, Multi Use Games Area (MUGA), tennis courts, a children’s play area and an outdoor gym for adults. There are also a range of wildlife areas in the park and it is a venue for a range of events including wildlife and history walks.

The 2014 visitor survey for Leavesden Country Park gives a useful insight into the type of use that the Horsefield might expect. It reveals that the site is used by a variety of groups, the majority being dog walkers (44%). Visitors also used the Country Park to relax/get fresh air (20%), visit the play area (34%). Other activities include family outing (22%), play sports or games (7%) and to keep fit/improve health (17%).

For further information relating to the District Council see Appendix 1.

4. Site Features

4.1 Geology and Soils

The area is described in Hertfordshire County Councils (HCC) landscape Strategy as being part of the Bedmond Plateau, a gently undulating plateau area of small to medium sized fields that are predominantly pasture with discrete woodlands.

7 The underlying geology is a combination of plateau gravel and river terrace drift. The soils are characterised by well drained flinty, coarse, loamy and gravely soils with slowly permeable sub soils.

4.2 Archaeological Interest

The southern most boundary of the Parish is formed by the River Gade. The Gade Valley appears to be a particularly favoured area for human settlement from earliest times, and evidence of early prehistoric activity from the upper Palaeolithic period onwards (10000 BC) is widespread in the valley and environs.

A number of flint tools from the Mesolithic period (8000 – 4000 BC) have been found within the Parish with Neolithic (4500 – 2500BC) finds at several sites within the immediate vicinity.

There is some evidence in the Parish for settlements dating to the Iron Age (700 -100BC). In particular, a small scale excavation, undertaken by the local archaeological society in 1979, revealed evidence for late pre Roman Iron Age occupation in the form of two palisaded enclosures, associated potteries and Roman tiles.

Abbots Langley is situated in the vicinity of two intersecting Roman roads and a number of casual finds, such as coins and potteries, have been found close to the line of these thoroughfares.

There is the remnants of an old hedgerow or ancient woodland along the western boundary, including the remains of a wood or hedge bank and

4.3 Historic Use and Management

Until recently the site was in private ownership. It was passed to the District Council, to be managed as public open space, as part of the planning approval for the redevelopment of the old Leavesden aerodrome and film studio site. Those areas have been largely developed for housing, with some acquired and developed by Warner Bros as a studio / visitor attraction.

The past management of the Horsefield is not known although it has been subject to occasional fly grazing by tethered horses.

4.4 Access, Facilities and Infrastructure

The Horsefield is located on Langley Lane, Abbots Langley. Currently there is no formal access. The site is surrounded by a ditch and bank on three sides, with private houses immediately abutting the fourth.

The nearest post code is WD5 0LX, on the north-east corner. The nearest car park is in Leavesden Country Park, next to Woodlands YMCA. Access to the

8 area by car is via the A41 approximately two miles east of J19 of the M25. The site is serviced by the 320 bus from Maple Cross.

The adjacent Leavesden Country Park has extensive formal and informal recreation facilities. It is also the subject of a Heritage Lottery fund application to enable the District Council to improve the existing site infrastructure including a sculpture trail. It is currently proposed that this trail would extend into the Horsefield, with perhaps one or two sculptures being located there and potential for a surfaced route to them, dependent on the success of the bid. More information can be found in the Leavesden Country Park Management Plan and related documents.

4.5 Habitats

4.5.1 Woodland

Part of the western boundary of the site includes a narrow strip of semi-natural broadleaved woodland. It supports features comparable with a remnant of old or ancient semi-natural woodland. The woodland has been subject to disturbance with very uneven ground in places. Internally, there is a remnant boundary hedge and bank feature running the length of the wood that supports old coppice. A ditch along the eastern edge approximates the boundary between the wood and the adjacent scrub. To the north-west corner the wood / scrub has been felled and there is some dumped rubble.

Hornbeam is a major component of the canopy along with Ash, Field Maple, Oak, Sallow and planted Common Lime and Sweet Chestnut. The shrub layer is mostly Hawthorn and Elder with Hazel and rarer Holly Ilex and Blackthorn. Shade-tolerant vegetation, mainly Common Nettle and Ivy are present on the ground. The ancient woodland indicator Bluebell is locally frequent in the less disturbed part of the wood. Other species recorded include Cow Parsley, Garlic Mustard, Nipplewort and Wood Avens.

4.5.2 Scrub

The western, northern and part of the eastern boundary are bordered by wide bands of scrub dominated by Bramble with scattered shrubs, mainly Blackthorn plus Elder and Hawthorn. To the west, in particular, Cherry Plum is common in the community. An area covered with Aspen is present mid-way along the western strip of scrub. Other species present in the community include Ash, Sycamore, Pedunculate Oak, Butterfly-bush (Buddleja) and Honeysuckle. Along the northern boundary there are frequent trees and shrubs, including Field Maple, Ash and Pedunculate Oak.

4.5.3 Grassland

The site predominantly supports a mosaic of species poor neutral grass and tall herbs which has developed from neglected improved grassland. The grassy sward is dominated by False Oat-grass with other grass species present including Cock's-foot, Barren Brome, Yorkshire-fog, Smooth Meadow-

9 grass and Creeping Bent. Herbs present, though nowhere common, within the sward include Cut-leaved Crane's-bill, Cat's-ear, Common Toadflax, White Dead-nettle, Dandelion, Smooth Tare, Curled Dock and Sheep’s Sorrel. Scattered scrub is present in places, particularly to the south and west. Ash and Prunus are the main species with rarer Sycamore and Goat Willow, for example.

Much of the site is becoming dominated by tall herb vegetation. This community is typically species poor, as is the case here. An approximation of the main extent of the tall herb vegetation is shown on the Phase 1 Habitat Map in Appendix 5. Common Nettle is dominant and there is also much Creeping Thistle along with Cleavers. Other species recorded within the assemblage include Hogweed, Wild Teasel, Common Ragwort, Great Lettuce and Charlock.

Two large patches of Bramble occur within the grassland and a single large stand of Rosebay Willowherb is present towards the southern edge of the site

4.5.4 Ditch

A narrow deep ditch occurs along the western, southern and much of the eastern edges of the site. Spoil from the ditch, which forms a raised bank, is present along the inner bank top in most sections. The ditch is not known to carry water; no aquatic plants are present which would indicate that the ditch is dry for most of the year. It is likely to be of relatively modern origin.

The open banks support scattered shrubs and saplings with tall herbs and rough grasses similar in composition to the adjoining grassland. Within the wood and scrub along the western edge the banks of the ditch, where vegetated, support shade tolerant species such as Ivy.

4.6 Wildlife

4.6.1 Protected Species and BAP Habitats and Species

There are a few priority habitats and species as listed under the UK BAP and within the Hertfordshire BAP, ‘A 50 Year Vision for the Wildlife and Natural Habitats of Hertfordshire’ found within the Horsefield. These can be summarised as follows:

HertsBAP UKBAP Woodland Lowland Mixed Deciduous Woodland Urban Habitats Linnet Hedge Accentor (Dunnock)

4.6.2 Bats

No records exist for the site but Pipistrelle and Noctule Bat are recorded for the adjacent Country Park and there is also a record for Brown Long-eared Bat in the area. The network of habitats at the Horsefield, which includes

10 mature trees, scrub and grassland offer important feeding opportunities for Bats. There are also a number of mature trees, some of which have the potential to support roosting bats.

Bats will be considered when implementing all aspects of this management plan especially when considering the management of large trees and will include:  A licensed bat ecologist will inspect trees that need managing that contain potential bat roosts.  Trees containing bat roosts will be left intact where possible. Full licensing procedures will be followed if this is not feasible.  The document ‘Bats and Lighting in the UK’ produced by the bat Conservation Trust will be followed in respect of any new lighting proposals.

4.6.3 Other Mammals

There are no protected species recorded on the site, although it does provide suitable foraging habitat for Badgers. Red Fox, Muntjac deer and Field Voles are known to be present on site and other small mammals are expected to be present.

4.6.4 Reptiles

Grass Snakes have been recorded on the Leavesden Country Park site. A reptile survey on the Horsefield was undertaken by the District Council during the summer of 2014 but no reptiles were found. However, the site and the surrounding area does support habitat suitable for Slow Worm and Common Lizard and these species will be considered in the management prescriptions.

4.6.5 Birds

The site is known to support breeding Linnet which is a BAP priority species. Other species recorded include Meadow Pipit, European Robin, Blackbird, Common Wood Pigeon, Dunnock, Blue Tit, House Sparrow, European Goldfinch, Kestrel and Chaffinch. Other common bird species would be expected to utilise the site throughout the year, including the breeding season.

4.6.6 Invertebrates

The site is expected to support a range of common species, although it is unlikely that any notable invertebrate species are present. Ant hills are common. Butterflies recorded include Small Skipper, Large Skipper, Small Tortoiseshell, Comma, Marbled White, Red Admiral, Meadow Brown, Ringlet and Peacock (plus caterpillars). Cinnabar moths and their caterpillars have been recorded on Common Ragwort.

11 5 Assessment and Analysis of Opportunities

5.1 A Welcoming Place

There are pavements on three sides of the site and one of these, running alongside South Way, is also a cycleway. There are currently no entrances or signs for the site, although these are under construction. A large children’s play area is also under construction as part of planning requirements for the adjacent housing development.

Entrances should welcome visitors and provide access into and through the site, to link to the Country Park. Signage will be appropriate to the informal nature of the site and follow the District Council in-house style.

Pathways will be natural, mown grass unless funding, for instance through the HLF bid for the Country Park, allows otherwise. If surfaced, consideration will be given to allowing cycle access to complement the existing cycleway.

Free car parking is available at the Country Park and the Horsefield is close to residential areas. It is not necessary or appropriate to provide a separate car park for the site.

5.2 Healthy, Safe and Secure

The site is currently fenced on three sides by a concrete post and wire fence. Sections of this are in need of repair or replacement. The fence is not secure against egress by dogs or small children. Its replacement with, for instance, post and stock netting, could be considered but this will incur a significant cost and would only be possible if funding becomes available.

There is concern that the northern boundary is suffering from encroachment from adjacent houses. This needs investigating further and enforcing. A policy regarding potential access from these houses onto the site needs to be agreed and enforced.

A pedestrian crossing provides safe access to the site across Langley Road from Leavesden Country Park. There is another linking the new housing development to the south of the site across South Way which will provide access to a new entrance along this boundary.

The vision is to retain the Horsefield as a more natural area. There is therefore no intention to light the paths through it. However, the adjacent roads, including the cycleway and pedestrian crossings, are all lit and there are lit paths up through parts of the Country Park.

A range of activities are already available at Leavesden Country Park. Many of these promote healthy living through physical activity and healthy lifestyles and some could and should be extended into the Horsefield, for example:  Wildlife Walks.  Health Walks - health walks led by a trained volunteer.

12  Guided History Walks.  Volunteer Sessions – led by the Park Ranger  Walking, bird watching and running.

The main TRDC contact number, and the TRDC website address, will be given on the site interpretation / information boards so that members of the public can contact the Council, as required. The TRDC contact number also includes an out-of-hours service.

Tree surveys are carried out in all TRDC parks and open spaces, with the resulting data entered into Ezytreev Tree Management software. All dead wood, including standing dead wood, is left in situ where safe to do so. Trees which have to be reduced or removed for safety reasons are stacked in habitat piles or chipped into areas where the work has been carried out. If practicable the resulting wood from tree surgery can be utilised to make rustic benches.

5.3 Clean and Well Maintained

Bins will be provided at the main entrances and the site will be brought into the relevant sections of the existing ground maintenance contract. Refuse collection will be added into the existing grounds maintenance contract under the specific sections:  F48 Cleanliness and Litter Collection.  F48.5 Timescales for Restoring Levels of Cleanliness.  F49 Illegal Dumping (Fly Tipping).  F50 Removal of Litter from Shrubs and Flower Beds.  F51 Cleaning of Official Notices.  F52 Defective Litter Bins, Animal Excrement Bins and Notices.  F53 Leaf/Blossom/Fruit Fall.  F54 Litter Bin Emptying.  F55 Emptying of Dog Faeces Bins.  F57 Damage, Vandalism and Graffiti.

As part of the contract, any vandalism is inspected as soon as possible after a report has been received and normally within 24 hours. The damaged item(s) would be made safe and photographed. The damage is also reported to the appropriate council department for repair. Additionally, the vandalism is reported to the Community Safety Coordinator for contact with the Police.

Since 2004 the District Council has had a fixed penalty scheme for dog fouling. The Council introduced the Dogs (Fouling of Land) Act 1996 to control dog fouling throughout the District, which makes it an offence to fail to immediately clear up any mess deposited anywhere in the District. As such, any person caught not clearing up after their dog will be issued with a ticket giving them the option of paying a £50 fine within 14 days or face legal action (with a maximum penalty of £1000).

For further details of the GM Contract see Appendix 5.

13 5.4 Sustainability

Three Rivers District Council was first certified with ISO 14001 in 2010. Although no longer certified the District Council strives to maintain the principles of the accreditation.

The District Council has a strong commitment to the environment and environmental sustainability and recognises the impacts its operations have on the environment. TRDC’s dedication to protect the environment is reflected in Council policies, strategies, commitments and partnerships. Some of these initiatives include:  A presumption against the use of peat.  A presumption against the use of pesticides especially on designated landscapes such as Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).  Only FSC timber is used across the district.  All cleaning materials are phosphate free.

5.5 Conservation and Heritage

The Horsefield forms part of a green corridor through a highly populated area which is undergoing rapid development. Through careful management, the adjacent Country Park is providing a range of wildlife habitats amongst the formal recreational facilities but these are inevitably heavily affected by public access including disturbance by dogs. The Horsefield currently provides a relatively undisturbed habitat where wildlife is less affected by such disturbance. The size of the site offers an opportunity to allow informal public access whilst retaining areas where wildlife can remain relatively undisturbed.

However, the grassland could be significantly enhanced through the introduction of a wider range of wild flowers. This will be achieved through a phased enhancement scheme, a third of the site at a time, including cutting, scarifying and seeding the existing grassland with a more diverse wild flower mix. The success of the first area will be monitored and assessed before the second is undertaken.

Management also needs to be introduced to retain areas of long grass through the winter months whilst ensuring the rank vegetation and scrub does not take over. This will be achieved through rotational management of areas of the grassland on a three year cycle.

Although the woodland is small and narrow, the species composition is quite diverse and there are some mature native trees and shrubs that should be conserved. The emphasis will be to halo thin broadleaves identified for long term retention, releasing trees from dense shading by selective thinning of adjacent trees. The old hazel coppice would benefit from re-coppicing if it can be allowed sufficient light to regenerate well. Where possible, and where not a threat to public safety, standing and fallen deadwood will be retained in the woodland and in / under any mature trees on the site.

14 Interpretation panels will be produced to explain the management aims and activities.

A Phase 1 Habitat Survey was completed for the site in 2014. See Appendix 5. A reptile survey was completed in the same year. Other surveys, particularly for butterflies and birds, will build on this existing knowledge, be fed into the management planning and review process and help guide the ongoing management of the site.

The area in which the Horsefield lies is steeped in history and has a diverse background. This is being explored through the HLF bid for the Country Park and, if successful, will include the Horsefield.

5.6 Community Involvement

5.6.1 Community Profile

Abbots Langley is a diverse and multi cultural town. The demographics for the Parish where the Horsefield is situated is described as follows:

Abbots Three Rivers Langley Non-Metropolitan Parish District All Usual Residents 19574 87317 White; English/Welsh/Scottish/Northern Irish/British 16621 69550 White; Irish 367 1747 White; Gypsy or Irish Traveller 23 79 White; Other White 637 3918 Mixed/Multiple Ethnic Groups; White and Black Caribbean 148 516 Mixed/Multiple Ethnic Groups; White and Black African 41 181 Mixed/Multiple Ethnic Groups; White and Asian 166 775 Mixed/Multiple Ethnic Groups; Other Mixed 119 530 Asian/Asian British; Indian 556 5231 Asian/Asian British; Pakistani 68 605 Asian/Asian British; Bangladeshi 17 158 Asian/Asian British; Chinese 103 590 Asian/Asian British; Other Asian 181 1409 Black/African/Caribbean/Black British; African 271 864 Black/African/Caribbean/Black British; Caribbean 148 598 Black/African/Caribbean/Black British; Other Black 32 148 OtherEthnicGroup;Arab 27 128 OtherEthnicGroup;AnyOtherEthnicGroup 49 290

15 Male Female %of % of Age Total Number Total Number Total 16 - 24 583 279 5.80% 304 6.30% 25 - 34 1173 626 13% 547 11.30% 35 - 59 2841 1502 31.10% 1339 27.70% 60 - 64 154 107 2.20% 47 1% 65 - 74 75 45 0.90% 30 0.60% Total 4826 2559 53.00% 2267 46.90% Source: Office for National Statistics

5.6.2 Community Research

Regular visitor research is undertaken in the Country Park, to understand the site user groups and establishes opinions on a range of topics. It was last conducted in 2014. The reasons for visiting, shown in the table below, give a useful insight for the management of the Horsefield.

Why have you visited the Park

50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 To relax To keep Walk Family Visit Play get fresh fit dog outing play sports or air area games

5.6.3 Community Engagement

The 2015 survey of Leavesden Country Park is being used as an opportunity to tell people about the development of this plan for the Horsefield and direct them in how they can feed into the process. The draft plan is also being shared with stakeholders, including the Friends of the country park, the parish council, local members, local residents and others, to gain community engagement in development of the plan.

In future, it is anticipated that the community will be able to directly engage in the site in a variety of ways:  organised volunteer events held by the Park Ranger and the Countryside Management Service

16  involvement of the Youth Offenders and Probationary Group on weekends throughout the year to complete a range of site management and maintenance tasks  participating in events such as guided wildlife and history walks, Health walks and Play Ranger events

5.7 Marketing

Marketing appropriate to the nature of the site will be carried out through a number of channels including:  Three Rivers District Council website.  Three Rivers Times, an in house publication reaching 38,000 households.  District Council notice boards located at 37 sites.  Abbots Langley Parish Council notice boards.  Notice boards located throughout the site and the adjacent Country Park.

The site will be added to the Leavesden Country Park page on the District Council website, which provides information including directions to the site, events, facilities, opening times and links to partner organisations.

Press releases are produced on a regular basis covering a wide range of topics such as large events and contain photographs and quotes from those that have attended. Three Rivers District has a range of free local magazines resulting in the local sites gaining good exposure.

The production of this management plan follows a structured production process which includes local consultation.

The site may be included in the new leaflets for the Country Park, guiding visitors around the sites and depicting the previous use of the sites.

These leaflets will be made available at several outlets across the district and on the council’s website as a down loadable PDF.

Interpretation boards will be installed outlining the key features of the site and the management techniques employed for the main habitats including the wildflower meadows and scrub.

17 6. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

A. A WELCOMING PLACE Provide a welcoming open green space for the benefit of wildlife and the enjoyment of the local community.

A1: Create and maintain pedestrian entrances linking to the existing external path network.

A2: Create and maintain a network of informal paths across parts of the site.

A3: Install welcome and directional signs

A4: If feasible, incorporate the site the new Leavesden Country Park leaflet, self-led history walk and sculpture trail.

B. HEALTHY, SAFE AND SECURE To ensure that all site facilities and infrastructure are safe, serviceable and fit for purpose.

B1: Repair or replace the boundary fence and investigate / implement securing against dog / child egress

B2: Ensure completion of the children’s play area to plan.

B3: Pursue opportunities to include the site in activities such as Health Walks, guided walks, volunteer activities

B4: Complete all formal tree inspections, update records and complete any immediate health and safety issues that arise.

B5: Maintain the boundaries against encroachment and enforce accordingly, including development of a policy regarding access from the houses on the northern boundary onto the site.

C. CLEAN AND WELL MAINTIANED Ensure that the site is kept clean and that all aspects of the site are well maintained.

C1: Maintain fencing, entranceways and other site furniture.

D. SUSTAINABILITY Ensure compliance with the council’s environmental policies and to seek sustainable activities where relevant and appropriate to the site.

18 D1: Ensure that all tree and hedge stock are native, from local species and provenance, disease free and sourced and grown in the UK.

D2: Ensure all wooden site furniture is of FSC Standard.

D3: Only use chemical to control weeds where no alternative exists and in line with council policy.

D4: Ensure all contractors used on site adhere to sustainable and environmental policies.

E. CONSERVATION AND HERITAGE Conserve, enhance and communicate the conservation and heritage to all users of the Country Park through a variety of media.

E1: Plant and maintain new native hedges along the southern and eastern boundaries.

E2: Enhance diversity of grassland and introduce rotational management to include areas suitable for reptiles and overwintering habitat for insects and small mammals.

E3: Ensure a significant part of the site is free from disturbance by public access.

E4: Retain areas of scrub and edge habitat for nesting birds and mammals, maintaining to provide a variety of age and density whilst preventing further encroachment into the grassland.

E5: Manage the woodland to maintain and restore the native trees and shrubs.

19 7. Action Plan A review of this management plan will be held annually and at key stages with stakeholders. The Action Plan that follows indicates the management objectives, which year the objective is to be completed, the responsible party and any budgetary implications. This action plan will be updated following any successful application to the HLF.

YEAR 1 ACTION PLAN 2015 - 16 Obj. Action Ref When Responsibility Funding Est. Cost Spec. Ref Status Create pedestrian and vehicle access points A1 Autumn TRDC, Contractor TRDC Create and maintain mown paths across the site and to link access points A2 Autumn TRDC, Contractor TRDC Install signage at entranceways and internally A3 Autumn TRDC TRDC TBC Repair/replace boundary fencing. Secure Autumn / against dog egress B1 Winter TRDC, Contractor TRDC TBC Autumn / Complete children’s play area B2 Winter Contractors S106 Summer / Officer Undertake tree inspections B4 Winter TRDC TRDC time Inspect northern boundary for encroachment Officer and take enforcement action as necessary B5 Winter TRDC TRDC time Develop a policy regarding access from Officer adjacent houses and implement B5 Autumn TRDC, CMS TRDC time Officer Confirm ownership boundary of woodland E5 TRDC TRDC time Promote area for use in Health Walks, guided Officer walks, etc. B3 Ongoing TRDC TRDC time As and when HLF Develop as part of Leavesden Country Park bid Officer HLF bid as and when successful A4 successful TRDC TRDC time

20 YEAR 2 ACTION PLAN 2016 - 17 Obj. Action Ref When Responsibility Funding Est. Cost Spec. Ref Status D1, Prepare c 425m of southern boundary for E1, hedge planting D3 Autumn TRDC, Contractors TRDC £1,000 8.2 D1, TRDC, CMS, Plant c 425m hedge along southern boundary E1 December Volunteers TRDC £1,500 8.2 Cut, scarify and seed with wild flowers 1/3rd of grassland. Leave rest of grassland uncut this year E2 Autumn Contractors TRDC TBC 8.1 Instigate rotational management of boundary scrub on a 5 year rotation E4 Winter TRDC, Contractors TRDC TBC Monitor dog access around site and act to Officer control as necessary E3 Ongoing TRDC TRDC time

21 YEAR 3 ACTION PLAN 2017 - 18 Obj. Action Ref When Responsibility Funding Est. Cost Spec. Ref Status D1, Prepare c 100m of eastern boundary for E1, hedge planting D3 Autumn TRDC, Contractors TRDC £500 8.2 D1, TRDC, CMS, Plant c100m hedge along eastern boundary E1 December Volunteers TRDC £350 8.2 £50 plus Summer / volunteer & Aftercare of hedge planted in year 2 E1 Winter TRDC, Volunteers TRDC officer time 8.2 Summer / Aftercare of grassland enhanced in year 2 E2 Autumn TRDC, Contractors TRDC TBC 8.1 Officer Monitor grassland enhanced in year 2 E2 Summer TRDC TRDC time Rotational cut and lift management of rest of Late grassland E2 summer TRDC, Contractors TRDC TBC 8.1 Continue rotational management of boundary scrub on a 5 year rotation E4 Winter TRDC, Contractors TRDC TBC TRDC, Initiate woodland management – halo thinning Contractors, 8.3, 8.4, and coppicing. Protect regrowth E5 Winter Volunteers TRDC £3,000 8.5 Monitor dog access around site and act to Officer control as necessary E3 Ongoing TRDC TRDC time

22 YEAR 4 ACTION PLAN 2018 – 19 Obj. Action Ref When Responsibility Funding Est. Cost Spec. Ref Status £30 plus Summer/ volunteer & Aftercare of hedge planted in year 3 E1 Winter TRDC, Volunteers TRDC officer time 8.2 Continue rotational management of boundary scrub on a 5 year rotation E4 Winter TRDC, Contractors TRDC TBC Cut, scarify & seed with wild flowers second 1/3rd of grassland E2 Autumn Contractors TRDC TBC 8.1 Rotational cut and lift management of rest of Late grassland E2 summer TRDC, Contractors TRDC TBC 8.1 Officer Monitor grassland enhanced in year 2 E2 Summer TRDC TRDC time Monitor dog access around site and act to Officer control as necessary E3 Ongoing TRDC TRDC time

23 YEAR 5 ACTION PLAN 2019 – 20 Obj. Action Ref When Responsibility Funding Est. Cost Spec. Ref Status Summer / Aftercare of grassland enhanced in year 4. E2 Autumn TRDC, Contractors TRDC TBC 8.1 Rotational cut and lift management of rest of Late grassland. E2 summer TRDC, Contractors TRDC TBC 8.1 Continue rotational management of boundary scrub on a 5 year rotation E4 Winter TRDC, Contractors TRDC TBC Monitor dog access around site and act to Officer control as necessary E3 Ongoing TRDC TRDC time

24 YEAR 6-10 ACTION PLAN 2020 – 25 Obj. Action Ref When Responsibility Funding Est. Cost Spec. Ref Status Yr 6 - Cut, scarify & seed with wild flowers final 1/3rd of grassland. Aftercare the following year E2 Autumn Contractors TRDC TBC 8.1 Annual - Rotational cut and lift management of Summer / grassland E2 Autumn TRDC, Contractors TRDC TBC 8.1 Annual - Continue rotational management of boundary scrub on a 5 year rotation E4 Winter TRDC, Contractors TRDC TBC Annual - Monitor dog access around site and Officer act to control as necessary E3 Ongoing TRDC TRDC time

25 The Horsefield Enhance grassland through Inspect northern boundary seeding with widlflowers and Maintain scrub by trimming for encroachment and Greenspace manage by cutting on a 3 back on a 5 year rotation year rotation, one third of the enforce as necessary Action Plan grassland per year Plant hedge along Limit access to protect eastern boundary Draft proposals nesting birds and other wildlife Leavesden Country Park

New entance to link to Country Park key

Horsefield Site Boundary Manage woodland Access Routes Woodland Scattered Scrub

Create mown paths Scrub for public access Grassland Play Area

New entrance point New play area

Retain some scattered scrub Install new signage for nesting birds and wildlife

Plant hedge along southern boundary New entrance point

© Crown copyright and database rights 2015 OS EUL 100019606. Use of this data is subject to terms and conditions. 1:3,500 You are permitted to use this data solely to enable you to respond to, or interact with, the organisation that provided you with the data. You are not permitted to copy, sub-licence, distribute or sell any of this data to third parties in any form. ¯ 8. Specifications

8.1 Creation of diverse tussocky grassland

Enhancement of the grassland to be carried out in phases, a) to retain areas of long grass for wildlife and b) to allow for initial monitoring to ensure the work is successful and cost effective. The enhancement work is therefore to be carried out on one third of the grassland at a time, allowing at least two years until the next phase of work.

Ground preparation Cut the existing vegetation as close to the ground as possible in autumn. Rake off and remove from site. Scarify the ground with a harrow or similar to create areas of bare soil.

Sowing Sowing is best done in the autumn, immediately following ground preparation. The seed must be sown onto the surface and can be applied by machine or broadcast by hand, dependent on the size of the area to be sown. Do not cover the seed, instead firm in with a roller to give soil/seed contact.

Aftercare Most meadow species are perennial and will be slow to germinate and will not usually flower in the first growing season. There may be a flush of annual weeds from the soil in the first growing season. If so, this can be controlled by topping or mowing. Arisings should be removed if they are not dispersed by cutting.

The main cut in the first growing season should be in mid-summer (July), and cuttings should be removed. This cut will reveal the developing meadow mixture and give it the space it needs to develop. Then mow once or twice up until the end of November, dependent on rate of growth, to encourage development of the young plants. Mow with a rotary flail or other suitable mower to 40-75mm. Aim to leave the grass short through winter. If any cut produces significant quantities of material this should be removed.

Management once established In subsequent years, aim to establish and maintain tussocky grassland. To achieve this, cut the whole site on a 3 year rotation in autumn (September / October), cutting a third of the grassland every year. Remove the cuttings, ideally leaving them to dry out for a week and drop any remaining seed before collecting.

8.2 Hedge planting

Preparation Careful planning is required in order to establish a healthy hedge. Consideration should be given to existing ground vegetation and the general condition of the ground along the proposed hedge line. It is recommended that the existing vegetation growth is flailed or strimmed and that any

26 remaining weeds and grasses are sprayed with a suitable herbicide prior to planting. This will provide a clean bed for the plants, improve the quality of the planting and reduce weed growth during the following spring and summer.

Planting Planting of bare rooted whips, can take place between November and the end of February, but is ideally done before Christmas. Use plants approx 45- 60cm in height. Plant four to six plants per metre in two staggered rows 30cm apart. Notch plant bare-rooted stock, insert the supporting cane approx 25cm into the ground, alongside the plant, and wrap the clear spiral guard around both the plant and the cane. Pit plant Holly and protect with tree tube and supporting stake.

Prior to and during planting, always keep plants in bags to prevent roots drying out. Bags should be stored under cover. Heal plants in the ground for storage if unable to plant within two weeks of collection. When planting, ensure the roots of plants are firmly healed into ground to avoid air pockets. Tree protection should be securely fitted as per manufacturer's recommendations.

Once planted, apply a mulch of well-rotted manure or equivalent along the length of the hedge. The mulch should be the width of the hedge plus 0.5m either side. This will help retain moisture and reduce competition from weeds. Take care to leave a collar of 10cm (4in) around the woody stems that is free of mulch, to prevent the risk of rotting to the bark.

When planting bare-rooted stock it is not unusual for natural losses to occur. Always budget for a small percentage of failures to be replaced ('Beat-up') in the first two years following planting.

Aftercare Weeds and other vegetation intercept water before it reaches the roots of newly planted trees and shrubs. Weed competition to the base of plants must therefore be eradicated during the first three growing seasons. In addition to application of the mulch, this may be done by chemical means or by hand weeding / hoeing. Lack of weeding is the biggest single killer of young planted trees.

Count losses to be replaced in the summer following planting when the plants are in leaf. Mark the planting station where a replacement is required. This makes losses easier to identify in the winter when all plants have shed their leaves.

Check at least twice a year that protective sundries are securely fitted, such as spirals and canes, tubes and stakes. Replace where necessary. Protection should be maintained for at least 5 years.

Replace trees and hedging plants during the following winter period.

27 8.3 Halo Thinning in Woodland

Although the woodland is small and narrow, the species composition is quite diverse. The emphasis will be to halo thin broadleaves identified for long term retention, releasing trees from dense shading by selective thinning of adjacent trees. Most of the species involved can be left to regrow as coppice, thus providing / retaining a lower storey to the woodland. Care will be taken as sudden exposure to open conditions can cause water stress and result in wind damage.

If necessary, competitive species such as Bracken and Bramble within newly opened areas will be managed by regular cutting. This will be completed by skilled staff using strimmers. This technique ensures that areas of sensitive ground flora and even individual plants such as ferns can be retained. Areas of low growing Bramble can be cleared at any time of the year, larger Bramble stands will not be cleared until outside of the nesting period. Some areas of Bramble along the woodland edge will be retained to provide cover for small mammals and a nectar source for a range of invertebrates.

To ensure the protection of breeding birds, felling operations will be completed outside of the recognised bird breeding season, 1st March – 31st October.

8.4 Coppicing

There is some old hazel coppice in the wood which would benefit from re- coppicing if it can be allowed sufficient light to regenerate well. It could therefore be considered at the same time as adjacent halo thinning. This work may be suitable for volunteers.

For hazel, cut to a few inches above ground level. Cuts to be left neat with no ragged edges. Cuts to slope away from the centre of the plant where possible. Protect regrowth from grazing animals.

8.5 Deadwood

Where possible, and where not a threat to public safety, standing and fallen deadwood should be retained in the small area of woodland and in / under any mature trees on the site. Aim for a minimum of 20m3 /ha or 5 –10% of the average stand volume across the whole woodland area.

Retained deadwood should reflect the requirements of any species likely to be important to the site, and deadwood from each of the tree species present should be retained. Deadwood should preferably be retained where it has fallen, but if this is not practical it should be stacked in a sheltered site.

Bug hotels using dead wood can be created and placed at various locations around the site, to benefit species such as Red Mason Bee.

Dead trees should be pollarded or monolithed if safety is an issue.

28 THE HORSEFIELD

GREENSPACE ACTION PLAN

2015 - 2025 APPENDICES

29 APPENDICES

Appendix 1: Contacts for the Horsefield

Appendix 2: Wider context: Policies and Strategies that relate to the country Park Strategic Plan Community Strategy The Three Rivers Local Plan County Biodiversity Action plan Additional Three Rivers District Council policies

Appendix 4: Health and Safety Sample risk assessment

Appendix 5: Environmental Information Grounds maintenance contract Phase 1 Habitat Survey

30 Appendix 1: Contacts for the Horsefield

Kay Fitzgerald – Biodiversity Projects Officer - Three Rivers District Council 01923 776611 [email protected] www.threerivers.gov.uk

Julie Hughes – Principle Landscape Officer -Three Rivers District Council 01923 776611 [email protected] www.threerivers.gov.uk

Damien Weller – Park Ranger – Three Rivers District Council 01923 776611 [email protected] www.threerivers.gov.uk

Countryside Management Service 01992 588433 [email protected] http://www.hertslink.org/cms/

Abbots Langley Parish Council 01923 265139 www.abbotslangley-pc.gov.uk

31 Appendix 2: Wider context: Policies and Strategies that relate to the Horsefield

TRDC is continually working towards achieving the aims and objectives of a number of strategies and policies. The overall vision of Three Rivers District Council is:

Three Rivers should remain a prosperous, safe and healthy place where people want and are able to live and work.

Strategic Plan The Council’s Strategic Plan brings together the high level, medium-term and long-term objectives which the Council considers its priorities for the District and focuses on those areas where the Council has a lead role, or can play a key part in delivering or influencing the outcomes. The management of the Horsefield aims to meet the overarching themes within the Council’s Strategic Plan of:

 Safety and Wellbeing – we shall work with partners to make the district a safer place and we shall provide a safe and healthy environment.  Clean and Green – we want to provide equal access to services and facilities for the public within the district and surrounding area and in particular address the needs of vulnerable residents such as elderly, disabled and young people. In addition, we want to maintain a high quality environment and reduce the eco-footprint of the district.  Economic Opportunities – we shall work in partnership to promote the economic prospects for all our communities.  Customer Service – we shall deliver services to a standard that meets the needs and expectations of all of our customers and provides exemplary value for money.

There are many strands of the Strategic Plan that the Horsefield helps fulfil. For example:

1.1: We will work with partners to make the District a safer place 1.2: We will provide a safe and healthy environment 2.1: We want to maintain a high quality local environment and reduce the eco- footprint of the District 4.1: Customers - We will deliver services to a standard that meet the needs and expectations of all of our customers

The full Strategic Plan can be viewed at: http://www.threerivers.gov.uk/Default.aspx/Web/StrategicPlan

Links to Local Plan and its associated documents can be found at: http://www.threerivers.gov.uk/Default.aspx/Web/LocalDevelopmentFramewor k

32 A number of further strategies sit beneath the Council’s Strategic Plan, the most important and significant, in relation to the Horsefield being:

Community Strategy The Community Strategy has been developed by members of the Local Strategic Partnership in Three Rivers which works to improve the quality of life for people of the district by working in partnership to ensure Three Rivers is safe, healthy and prosperous and somewhere people want and are able to live, work and visit.

The purpose of the strategy is to focus the attention of representatives from key service providers (public, voluntary and private) on areas of local service provision that need most improvement and that can be delivered through local partnership working.

The priorities identified in the strategy are:

 Children and young people’s wellbeing  Health and disability  Adult skills and employment  Affordable housing  Crime and antisocial behaviour

The full Community Strategy can be downloaded from: http://www.threerivers.gov.uk/Default.aspx/Web/LocalStrategicPartnership

The Three Rivers Local Plan The Three Rivers Local Plan provides a framework for guiding, managing and facilitating development within the Three Rivers district. The document includes policies which relate to aspects of the Country Park.

The Local Plan can be viewed at: http://www.threerivers.gov.uk/Default.aspx/Web/The-Local-Plan

County Biodiversity Action Plan (revised 2006) In 1998, as Hertfordshire’s response to the national biodiversity planning process, a 50 year vision for the wildlife and natural habitats of the county was prepared on behalf of the Hertfordshire Environmental Forum by the Hertfordshire and Middlesex Wildlife Trust. This represented the first Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) for the county and identifies those species and habitats which are a conservation priority and provides valuable information on the county’s natural assets.

Additional Three Rivers District Council Policies Further policies which are relevant to the Country Park are:

Woodland Management Plan http://www.threerivers.gov.uk/Default.aspx/Web/WoodlandsManagementPlan

33 Community Safety Strategy http://www.threerivers.gov.uk/Default.aspx/Web/CommunitySafety

Procurement Strategy http://www.threerivers.gov.uk/Default.aspx/Web/CouncilPoliciesPlans

Safeguarding Children, Young People and Vulnerable Adults Policy http://www.threerivers.gov.uk/Default.aspx/Web/CouncilPoliciesPlans

Value for Money Strategy http://www.threerivers.gov.uk/Default.aspx/Web/CouncilPoliciesPlans

Green Travel Plan http://www.threerivers.gov.uk/Default.aspx/Web/CouncilPoliciesPlans

34 Appendix 3: Health and Safety

Risk Assessments

35 36 Appendix 4: Environmental Information.

Grounds maintenance contract

Relevant extract from the TRDC Grounds Maintenance Contract in relation to litter, cleanliness and vandalism at the Horsefield

F38.2 Cleanliness Standards are:

Grade A No litter,debris orunwanted vegetation. Grade B Predominantly free of litter, debris or unwanted vegetation, apart from small items and accumulations. Grade C Widespread distribution of litter, unwanted debris and vegetation with minor accumulations. Grade D Heavily littered with significant accumulations of litter, unwanted debris and/or vegetation. Grade E Fly Tipping. Dumped material - household, commercial or industrial.

38.3 The standard of cleanliness required is:

All children’s play areas classified as zone 1; all other locations classified as Zone 2. Should any Location fall to Grade B or below then it must be returned to Grade A standard within the timescales in F38.4.

F38.4 Timescales for restoring levels of cleanliness

Depending on the grade of “uncleanness” there is a time limit for returning the area to Grade A, as shown in the following chart.

Grade Zone ABCDE (Fly- Tipping) Zone 1 -Insideplayareas. 6hours 3hours 1hour 2hours

If standard falls between by 8 am by 8 am by 8 am by 8 am 8pm and 6am Zone 2 - all other parks. 12 6 hours 3 hours 3 hours hours

If standard falls between by 8 am 8pm and 6am

The response times for Zones 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7 will be 24 hours, except on Sundays.

37 38.5 Contractor must remove and dispose of all arisings in accordance with F57.

38.6 The contractor will be expected to carry out litter picks over the weekend in order to comply with this Code of Practice. Not all areas will require weekend litter picks, but areas which currently do so, are The Aquadrome, Oxhey Playing Fields (skate park & Multi-sports area); King George V playing fields (multi-sports area, youth shelter and skate boarding area); Leavesden Country Park, Barton Way Play area; Scotsbridge skate park area and Croxley Green Skate Park, however this list is not inclusive. The cost of carrying this out must be included within the tender submission.

38.7 In addition to the above, the contractor is expected to provide ‘out of hours’ emergency cover to ensure that any area which falls below a Grade B on a weekend, or bank holiday is returned to Grade A within the time period specified in F43.4.

38.8 Where the Contractor, in the course of providing the Service, encounters hazardous materials, the Authorised Officer must be informed immediately. The Contractor shall also inform the Authorised Officer, where possible, of the nature of the hazardous material and also of any assistance it is able to make to deal with it.

38.9 There may be occasions when the Contractor will be required to remove hypodermic needles and other items deemed to be Clinical Waste categorised Group A, B or E waste by the Health and Safety Executive. Collection and disposal methods must comply with all legislation and codes of practice and be agreed by the Authorised Officer before any the Contract commences. No additional payments will be made for this service.

38.10 Graffiti shall be removed in accordance with F47.

F39 ILLEGAL DUMPING - (FLYTIPPING)

39.1 Any flytipping or accumulation of waste material on any areas covered by this Contract, including Local Nature Reserves and Woodland sites, which, in the opinion of the Authorised Officer, is less than 5 cu m in volume shall be removed and disposed of by the Contractor as part of the normal Service and no additional payment shall be made.

39.2 The Contractor must notify the Authorised Officer of the Location and details of any fly tipped materials or accumulation of waste material which is greater than 5 cu m in volume. The Contractor will be required to remove and dispose of these materials. The cost of removals of such accumulations will be on a Dayworks basis.

39.3 The Authorised Officer must be notified, by the next working day, of any flytipping or accumulation of waste material which cannot be

38 removed by hand shall be removed and disposed of by the Contractor without additional mechanical means.

F40 REMOVAL OF LITTER FROM SHRUB AND FLOWER BEDS

40.1 The Contractor must remove all litter from rose, shrub and flower beds.

40.2 The Contractor must take due care when removing litter from shrub and flower beds. Should the Contractor cause damage to any plant in the shrub or flower beds, in the opinion of the Authorised Officer, the Contractor will be required to bear the cost of any rectification and or replacement.

F41 CLEANING OF OFFICIAL NOTICES

41.1 Official Notice Boards are situated at or near the entrance to playing fields. The display face, backs and supporting columns or poles of Official Notice boards must be totally cleaned so as to leave no residual foreign material twice each year.

41.2 Care must be taken not to damage the surface of notices during cleaning. Only clean water and detergent or a cleaning agent previously approved by the Authorised Officer must be used. All arisings must be disposed of in accordance with F57.

41.3 The Authorised Officer must be notified if any board becomes illegible.

41.4 Graffiti must be removed from noticeboards as it occurs.

F42 DEFECTIVE LITTER BINS, ANIMAL EXCREMENT BINS, AND NOTICES

42.1 The Contractor must notify the Authorised Officer of any broken or missing litter bins, animal excrement bins or damaged official notices or any defects to these no later than the next working day. Where the damage is such that it represents a real or potential hazard to the Location users the Contractor must make the Location safe.

F43 LEAF/BLOSSOM/FRUIT FALL

43.1 All accumulations of leaf/blossom/fruit fall must be cleared and removed as necessary to maintain the specified standard of cleanliness required under this Contract, regardless of the source of the materials. The Contractor should allow for seasonal leaf or blossom fall in the Operational Details. No additional payments will be made for this work.

43.2 The Annual Sums must include for all costs associated with ensuring that playing fields and internal roads and footpaths are kept free of

39 fallen leaves/ blossom/fruit. This work must be completed within the respective leaf/blossom/fruit fall season.

43.3 In order to prevent a hazard to pedestrians and vehicles due to leaf and blossom fall, the Authorised Officer may instruct the Contractor to remove leaf/blossom/fruit fall from hard surfaces within a specified time period.

F44 LITTER BIN EMPTYING

F44.1 Litter bins must be emptied to ensure no litter bin overflows, or more frequently where the Authorised Officer considers there to be a recurring Public Health Nuisance. All litter, boxes, bags, spillage around bin to be collected and removed at the time of emptying.

F44.2 All arisings must be disposed of in accordance with F57, with plastic bottles, and cans being recycled separately where this is considered reasonable by the Authorised Officer.

F44.3 Contractor must keep all litter bins in a clean condition by washing and disinfecting all litter bins at least once every three months.

F44.4 The Authority may decide to install additional litter bins in any location and if this is done the Contractor will be required to empty and cleanse these bins at a frequency approved by the Authorised Officer and payment will be at the appropriate rate in the Schedules of Rates.

F44.5 Subject to the agreement of the Authorised Officer the Contractor may supply and fix plastic bags to bins as removable liners, but at no extra cost to the Authority.

F45 EMPTYING DOG FAECES BINS

F45.1 The Contractor must empty and dispose of the contents of dog faeces bins and any material left around them and dispose of the waste to a site directed by the Waste Disposal Authority (Hertfordshire County Council). The contractor must also disinfect them to ensure that they are permanently serviceable for their intended use. The Contractor is also required to provide and fit replacement black plastic bag liners after each cleansing operation.

F45.2 The Contractor must empty the bins at least once per week and more frequently if necessary to ensure that no dog faeces bin overflows.

Relevant extract from the TRDC Grounds Maintenance Contract in relation to the location of bins, waste storage and recycling (including composting) within the Country Park.

40 F44.2 All arisings must be disposed of in accordance with F57, with plastic bottles, and cans being recycled separately where this is considered reasonable by the Authorised Officer.

F44.4 The Authority may decide to install additional litter bins in any location and if this is done the Contractor will be required to empty and cleanse these bins at a frequency approved by the Authorised Officer and payment will be at the appropriate rate in the Schedules of Rates.

F57 WASTE MANAGEMENT

57.1 It is the Council’s policy and intention to recycle that largest proportion of natural materials as possible.

57.2 The Contractor is therefore required to submit proposals for the methodology and procedures to be adopted for the reuse, removal and disposal of all arisings relating to the Service, to the Contract Administrator for review, prior to Contract implementation, which, if accepted, will thereafter form part of this Specification.

57.3 It is the Council’s intention that on site composting sites will be identified for the composting of green waste arising from operations at these sites only, and that these will be put in place prior to the commencement of the contract at the following sites: i) Rickmansworth Aquadrome ii) Leavesden Country Park iii) Chorleywood House Estate iv) South Oxhey Playing Fields It should be noted however that these will not be large enough to take arisings from cut and lift operations.

57.4 The contractor is to take all reasonable precautions to prevent excavated soil, rubbish, surplus materials and similar arisings for the Service being dumped on any areas, other than recognised and Contract Administrator approved tipping areas.

The burning of waste on any sites is not permitted under any circumstances.

57.5 Weeds and roots, leaves, cleared trees and bushes, wood chippings, grass cuttings (except where cut and lift operations result in saleable hay crop), prunings and thinnings etc are to be kept free from contaminants and taken to recognised, appropriately licensed and Contract Administrator approved disposal sites for composting. The Contractor is to be responsible for all costs in connection therewith.

57.6 In line with the Council’s intention to recycle the greatest quantity of waste products, the Council may wish certain Green Waste products to be disposed of separately, i.e. yew clippings.

41 Lee Donaldson Associates Environmental Consultants

Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey

Report July 2014 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014

Contents

1. Background ...... 2 2. Site Context...... 2 3. Survey Methodology...... 2 3.1 Desk Survey ...... 2 3.2 Field Survey...... 2 3.3 Faunal Survey...... 3 4. Survey Results ...... 4 4.1 Desk Study ...... 4 4.2 Field Survey...... 5 4.3 Wildlife Use of the Site...... 7 5. Summary and Conclusions...... 9 6. Bibliography...... 10

APPENDIX 1 ...... 11 Phase 1 Habitat Map ...... 12 APPENDIX 2 ...... 13 Target Notes...... 14 APPENDIX 3 ...... 15 Plant Species Recorded on the Site ...... 16 APPENDIX 4 ...... 18 Photosheets ...... 19 APPENDIX 5 ...... 21 Desk Study Data...... 22

Barry Tranter PhD MCIEEM Lee Donaldson Associates Environmental Consultants Danemount, High Molewood, 194 North Road, Hertford, Hertfordshire SG14 2PJ Tel: 01992 550018 [email protected] www.leedonaldson.co.uk

Lee Donaldson Associates 1 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014

1. Background

Lee Donaldson Associates Environmental Consultants was commissioned by the Countryside Management Service to undertake a Phase 1 Habitat Survey (Extended) of a parcel of land at Horse Field on the edge of Abbots Langley, Hertfordshire.

The survey was undertaken on the 7th July 2014 and consisted of a walkover survey of the site to broadly map and describe the habitats present and identify any notable habitats and plant species, and any actual/potential protected species constraints. The survey was required to provide ecological information pertaining to ongoing management within the site.

Dr. Barry Tranter carried out the survey and this report documents the results of the survey.

2. Site Context

The site lies to the southern edge of Abbots Langley in Hertfordshire and is centred on OS grid reference TL098012.

The South Way road forms the southern boundary beyond which the land has been, or is proposed to be, developed for housing. To the west of the site lies Furtherfield Road with an area of unmanaged land further away. The eastern edge is bounded by Langley Laney adjacent to which is Leavesden Country Park.

The site is approximately 16 ha in area with a gently south-facing slope and comprises mainly a large area of rank grassland with some bordering wood and scrub.

3. Survey Methodology

The methodology utilised for the survey is split into three parts, namely the desk study, habitat survey and faunal survey. These are discussed in more detail below.

3.1 Desk Survey In order to compile background ecological information on the site and the immediate surroundings Hertfordshire Environmental Records Centre (HERC) was contacted. Data provided by HERC is enclosed in Appendix 5.

3.2 Field Survey A walkover survey of the site was conducted on the 7th July 2014 using the methodology set out initially in 1990 by the Nature Conservancy Council (NCC) with several reprints with limited additions produced by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC), the last in 2010. In addition, semi-natural habitats were also recorded for dominant and indicator species (sometimes called an Extended Phase 1 Survey). This gives a guide to habitat condition and whether rare or uncommon communities are, or could be, present which would require more detailed surveys. The extended survey can also provide some indication of the suitability of these habitats for supporting protected and non-protected fauna such as reptiles and amphibians.

Lee Donaldson Associates 2 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014

Subjective estimates of the relative abundance of plant species are given in the text using the DAFOR scale. The DAFOR scale ranks species according to their relative abundance within a parcel of land or area as follows:

Code Description Meaning D Dominant Comprises most of the community A Abundant Very frequent in the community but not dominant F Frequent Frequently seen in the community O Occasional Seen but not frequently occurring R Rare Hardly ever found

In addition L (Locally) or V (Very) may be appended to any of the above to reflect local distribution within the site.

The estimates of abundance refer only to the given parcel of land and have no relevance to the abundance of the plant species in the wider landscape.

In this report scientific names are given after the first mention of a species, thereafter only the common names are used. The nomenclature used follows that in the New Flora of the British Isles (Stace, C. A., 2010).

The habitats noted are shown on the Habitat Map (Appendix 1). Target Notes identifying important or unusual features or the potential for any protected or notable species are given in Appendix 2. Example photographs of the site and areas of interest are provided in Appendix 4.

Survey Constraints It is recognised that with single visit surveys certain species may not be apparent due to their differing growth periods. However, the survey was conducted at an optimal time for botanical recording of most habitats. It is therefore considered that the survey provides accurate and reliable information for the purposes of this ecological report.

Due to the density of Bramble scrub across part of the site, it was not possible to fully access some areas. However, sufficient access and inspection from the edge allowed assessment of the habitat present.

The weather condition during the survey was warm with frequent sunny spells with an air temperature ranging between 18-220 C.

3.3 Faunal Survey Obvious faunal activity, such as birds or mammals observed visually or by call during the course of the survey, was recorded. Specific attention was paid to any potential use of the site by protected species or other notable species. It should be noted that no detailed surveys for protected species were undertaken as part of this Phase 1 survey. If the presence of a protected species is suspected additional surveys may be required depending on the nature of the proposed works to the site.

Bats The trees within the site were rapidly assessed for their potential to support roosting bats, for example by looking for suitable, cracks, splits, holes, loose bark or dense growth of ivy.

Lee Donaldson Associates 3 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014

European Badger The site was searched where accessible for evidence of Badger setts and activity such as well-worn paths, run-throughs, snagged hair, footprints, latrines and foraging signs.

Reptiles Suitable habitat for reptiles such as long grass, scrub, woodland, hedgerows and wood/rubble piles was noted where found.

4. Survey Results

4.1 Desk Study The following statutory and non-statutory sites of nature conservation importance occur within approximately 2 kilometre of the site (see Appendix 5 for detail descriptions of each site).

4.1.1 Statutory Sites There is one statutory site, part of which is just within the 2 kilometre search area: Site Name Designation Grid Reference Harebreaks Wood LNR TQ101991

4.1.2 Non-statutory Sites A list of non-statutory Local Wildlife Sites (LWS) provided by HERC for the search area, is provided below. The survey site does not fall within, or abut, any of these sites. The nearest LWS is Tanners Wood, which lies within urban development approximately 0.2 kilometres to the north-west.

File Code Site Name Grid Reference 75/002 The Bothy Chalk Mine Area TL090006 75/006 Grand Union Canal/River Gade TL080011 75/011 Long Wood (N. of Abbots Langley) TL088025 75/012 Tanners Wood TL091013 75/018 Abbots Langley Churchyard TL094021 75/021 St Paul's Churchyard, Langleybury TL080005 75/030/01 Leavesden Aerodrome North and South TQ091997 75/036 Great Notley TL100030 75/037/01 Hunton Park Woodland TL090004 76/009 Albans Wood TL107007 76/049 Garston Manor Grasslands TL112014 76/084 Tenements Farm Area TL105031 83/018 North Western Avenue (A41) Roundabout and TQ085995 Banks 83/044 Russell Lane Wood TQ088993 83/070/01 Greenbanks Wood TQ091994 84/002/01 Stanborough Park Woods South TQ109996 84/017 North Watford Cemetery TQ106996 84/020 Long Spring and Harebreaks Wood (Watford) TQ101992 75/002 The Bothy Chalk Mine Area TL090006 75/006 Grand Union Canal/River Gade TL080011

Lee Donaldson Associates 4 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014

75/011 Long Wood (N. of Abbots Langley) TL088025 75/012 Tanners Wood TL091013

4.1.3 Species

No records provided by HERC fall directly within the survey site.

Of possible relevance to the habitats present, there are a number of bat records, mainly Pipistrelle bats, within 2km. There is also one record of a Brown Long-eared bat. As is the case with many records, the resolution of the grid references is insufficient to pinpoint their exact locations.

There are single records of Badger and Brown Hare from the tetrad (TL00V).

A single Water Vole record occurs within the search area, within TL00V, but no suitable watercourses are present within or in close proximity to the site. The record is presumably from the River Gade to the south-west.

The search area produced two recorded for Grass Snakes but none within the site itself. No other reptile records were provided.

A range of bird species are recorded within the search area but no records are specific to the Horse Field site.

Further records mainly relate to invertebrates and plants found within the wider area.

It should be noted that the absence of recent records for certain species within the site may be attributable to the lack of survey effort or the non-submission of records, rather than the absence of these species.

4.2 Field Survey See Appendix 1 for a Phase 1 habitat map of the main habitats present on the site. Target Notes are given in Appendix 2 and an overall plant list for the site along with an assessment of their abundance using the DAFOR scale is provided in Appendix 3. Photographs of the site are presented in Appendix 4.

The following main habitat / vegetation types were identified:  Species-poor grassland  Tall herbs  Scrub  Wood  Ditch

4.2.1 Species-poor Grassland The site predominantly supports a mosaic of species poor neutral grass and tall herbs (see below) which has developed from neglected improved grassland.

The grassy sward is dominated by False Oat-grass Arrhenatherum elatius with other grass species present including Cock's-foot Dactylis glomerata, Barren Brome Anisantha sterilis, Yorkshire-fog Holcus lanatus, Smooth Meadow-grass Poa pratensis agg and Creeping Bent Agrostis stolonifera.

Lee Donaldson Associates 5 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014

Herbs present, though nowhere common, within the sward include Cut-leaved Crane's-bill Geranium dissectum, Cat's-ear Hypocaeris radicata, Common Toadflax Linaria vulgaris, White Dead-nettle Lamium album, Dandelion Taraxacum agg, Smooth Tare Vicia tetrasperma, Curled Dock Rumex crispus and Sheep’s Sorrel Rumex acetosella.

Scattered scrub is present in places, particularly to the south and west. Ash Fraxinus excelsior and Prunus are the main species with rarer Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus and Goat Willow Salix caprea, for example.

4.2.2 Tall Herbs Much of the site is becoming dominated by tall herb vegetation. This community is typically species poor, as is the case here. An approximation of the main extent of the tall herb vegetation is shown on the Phase 1 Habitat Map in Appendix 1.

Common Nettle Urtica dioica is dominant and there is also much Creeping Thistle Cirsium arvense along with Cleavers Galium aparine. Other species recorded within the assemblage include Hogweed Heracleum sphondylium, Wild Teasel Dipsacus fullonum, Common Ragwort Senecio jacobaea, Great Lettuce Lactuca virosa and Charlock Sinapis arvensis.

Two large patches of Bramble occur within the grassland (see Target Notes 1 & 2) and a single large stand of Rosebay Willowherb Chamerion angustifolium is present towards the southern edge of the site (see Target Note 3).

4.2.3 Scrub The western, northern and part of the eastern boundary are bordered by wide bands of scrub dominated by Bramble Rubus fruticosus agg with scattered shrubs, mainly Blackthorn Prunus spinosa plus Elder Sambucus nigra and Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna. To the west, in particular, Cherry Plum Prunus cerasifera is common in the community. An area covered with Aspen Populus tremula is present mid-way along the western strip of scrub (see Target Note 4). Other species present in the community include Ash, Sycamore, Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur, Butterfly-bush Buddleja davidii and Honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum.

Along the northern boundary there are frequent trees and shrubs, including Field Maple Acer campestre, Ash and Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur but due to the impenetrable nature of the Bramble scrub it was not possible to ascertain whether these plants were just within the site or in the adjacent gardens.

4.2.4 Wood Part of the western boundary of the site is boarded by a narrow strip of semi- natural broadleaved woodland. The woodland has been subject to disturbance with very uneven ground in places. Internally, there is a remnant boundary hedge and bank feature running the length of the wood that supports old coppice. A ditch along the eastern edge approximates the boundary between the wood and the adjacent scrub. To the north-west corner the wood / scrub has been felled and there is some dumped rubble.

Hornbeam Carpinus betulus is a major component of the canopy along with Ash, Field Maple and planted Common Lime Tilia x europaea and Sweet Chestnut Castanea sativa. The shrub layer is mostly Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna and Elder with rarer Holly Ilex aquifolium and Blackthorn.

Lee Donaldson Associates 6 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014

Shade-tolerant vegetation, mainly Common Nettle and Ivy Hedera helix are present on the ground. The ancient woodland indicator Bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta is locally frequent in the less disturbed part of the wood. Other species recorded include Cow Parsley Anthriscus sylvestris, Bramble, Garlic Mustard Alliaria petiolata, Nipplewort Lapsana communis and Wood Avens Geum urbanum.

4.25 Ditch A narrow deep ditch occurs along the western, southern and much of the eastern edges of the site. Spoil from the ditch, which forms a raised bank, is usually present along the inner bank top. The ditch was completely dry at the time of the survey. No aquatics were recorded which would indicate that the ditch is dry for most of the year. The open banks support scattered shrubs and saplings with tall herbs and rough grasses similar in composition to the adjoining grassland. Within the wood and scrub along the western edge the banks of the ditch, where vegetated, support shade tolerant species such as Ivy.

4.3 Wildlife Use of the Site Obvious faunal activity, such as invertebrates, birds or mammals observed visually or by call during the course of the survey, was recorded. Specific attention was paid to any potential use of the site by protected species, Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) species, or other notable species.

Nothing of particular note was observed, though this does not mean that the site is not used by important species.

4.3.1 Bats Bats use a number of different habitats for foraging and woodland margins and hedgerows are of particular value as they a) attract a variety of insects which bats prey on, and b) provide linear features which create a corridor for bats to commute along.

The site includes a number of mature trees within the woodland which could potentially support roosting bats. Several of the largest trees were considered to possess at least some potential to support roosting bats.

Due to the habitats present on the site it is possible that bat species may forage over the site.

4.3.2 Badger No evidence of Badger Meles meles such as setts, latrines or hairs was recorded within the site though the site is suitable for foraging badgers. The surrounding area was not investigated.

4.3.3 Birds The bird species recorded during the site survey were common and widespread species such as European Robin Erithacus rubecula, Blackbird Turdus merula, Common Wood Pigeon Columba palumbus, Dunnock Prunella modularis, Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus, House Sparrow Passer domesticus, European Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis and Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs. The majority of these species were recorded within the wood/scrub along the western edge of the site. Other common bird species would be expected to utilise the site throughout the year, including the breeding season.

Lee Donaldson Associates 7 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014

4.3.4 Great Crested Newts The site does not support any suitable breeding opportunities for Great Crested Newts Triturus cristatus or any other amphibians. There are no records for newts within the 2km search area. Therefore, the likelihood of Great Crested Newts occurring on the site is negligible.

4.3.5 Reptiles The site and some of the surrounding area does support habitat suitable for Grass Snake Natrix natrix, Slow Worm Anguis fragilis and/or Common Lizard Zootoca vivipara. A number of mats were found within the grassland/tall herb habitat along the western side of the site during the survey which would indicate that specific reptile surveys of this site may have been undertaken in the past. The mats found were inspected for reptiles but none were found. However, the weather was quite warm by the time the mats were discovered and reptiles, if present on site, may have moved away from the mats to seek cooler conditions.

4.3.6 Other species Mammals Two European Red Foxes Vulpes vulpes were disturbed from the long grass during the survey. No other mammals were recorded though common species such as voles and mice would be expected. These species are not currently of conservation concern.

Invertebrates The site is expected to support a range of common species, although it is unlikely that any notable invertebrate species are present.

Ant hills (unidentified black ant species) are common. Butterflies recorded during the survey were Small Skipper Thymelicus sylvestris, Large Skipper Ochlodes sylvanus, Small Tortoiseshell Aglais urticae, Comma Polygonia c- album, Marbled White Melanargia galathea, Red Admiral Vanessa atalanta, Meadow Brown Maniola jurtina, Ringlet Aphantopus hyperantus and Peacock Inachis io (plus caterpillars). Cinnabar moth Tyria jacobaeae caterpillars were present on Common Ragworth.

Lee Donaldson Associates 8 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014

5. Summary and Conclusions

The site is dominated by species-poor rank grassland with some surrounding scrub and wood vegetation. The majority of this habitat is considered to be of importance at a local level only. The small area of semi-natural woodland is considered to be the most important habitat present and supports features comparable with a remnant of old or ancient semi-natural woodland (Oak Hornbeam woodland with an old wood bank feature present). The habitats present do have the potential to support protected species (see below).

Any management within the site will not directly affect any statutory designated sites. The nearest statutory designated site is Harebreaks Wood LNR, located at its nearest point just under 2km to the south. No non-statutory sites are situated within or adjacent to the Horse Field site. Therefore, if any proposed works are contained within the site boundary, it is considered that there should be no impact upon any conservation sites in the vicinity.

Bluebells are present within the woodland and are protected under Section 13 (2) of the Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981). No other legally protected plants or scare or invasive non-native plant species were recorded within the site.

Apart from some common birds no protected faunal species were recorded during the survey. Any removal of trees and shrubs may impact upon nesting birds. Nesting birds receive full protection under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 and accordingly, to avoid a potential offence, it is recommended that any suitable nesting habitat clearance is undertaken outside the nesting season (March – August inclusive). However, some species of bird may nest well outside this period and the implications for developers are that birds may now breed in any month of the year, depending on prevailing weather conditions at the time. If clearance work has to be undertaken during the nesting season, the site should be checked for nesting birds immediately prior to removal by a suitably trained person.

Several of the largest trees within the woodland were considered to possess at least some potential to support roosting bats. Bats are protected under Schedule 5 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981) and Schedule 2 of the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations (2010). A full bat survey would be both expensive and unnecessary. Instead any trees which may be subject to felling or surgery should be inspected prior to such works. The felling should be carried out at the correct time of year and supervised by an experienced, licensed bat handler, in consultation with Natural England if bats are found. Depending on the results of the inspection mitigation may be required if bats are present.

Common reptile species are protected under Schedule 5 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981) from being killed or injured. The likelihood of the site supporting a significant population of reptiles is considered to be low, though due to the large area of rank grassland present, it cannot be discounted that Grass Snakes, at least on occasion, use the site.

It is considered that the records of other species within 2km of the survey site are not significant to the management of the habitats within the survey site.

If future management of the site will result in the loss of habitats it is advised that detailed protected species surveys may be required.

Lee Donaldson Associates 9 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014

6. Bibliography Nature Conservancy Council (1990). Handbook of Phase 1 Habitat Survey: a technique for environmental audit. Joint Nature Conservancy Council, Peterborough, UK

JNCC (2010). Handbook for Phase 1 habitat survey - a technique for environmental audit, ISBN 0 86139 636 7

James, T.J. (2009). Flora of Hertfordshire. Hertfordshire Natural History Society, Welwyn Garden City, UK.

Stace, C. (2010). New Flora of the British Isles. 3rd ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.

Stewart, A., Pearman, D.A. and Preston, C.D. (ed). (1994). Scarce Plants in Britain. JNCC, Peterborough, UK

Lee Donaldson Associates 10 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014

APPENDIX 1 Phase 1 Habitat Map

Lee Donaldson Associates 11 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014

Phase 1 Habitat Map

Lee Donaldson Associates 12 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014 APPENDIX 2 Target Notes

Lee Donaldson Associates 13 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014 Target Notes

1 A very large area of Bramble. 2 A large area of Bramble 3 A stand of Rosebay Willowherb. 4 An area of young Aspen arising from a central old Aspen. There is a lot of rubble/rubbish below.

Lee Donaldson Associates 14 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014 APPENDIX 3 Plant Species Recorded on the Site

Lee Donaldson Associates 15 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014 Plant Species Recorded on the Site

Scientific Name Common Name Species- Wood Scrub Overall poor Site - Grass DAFOR Acer campestre Field Maple X X R Acer Sycamore X R pseudoplatanus Achillea millefolium Yarrow X R Aegopodium Ground-elder X R podagraria Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent X R-O Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard X X R Anisantha sterilis Barren Brome X R Anthriscus Cow Parsley X X R sylvestris Arrhenatherum False Oat-grass X LD elatius Buddleja davidii Butterfly-bush X R Calystegia sepium Hedge Bindweed X O Calystegia silvatica Large Bindweed X R Carpinus betulus Hornbeam X R Castanea sativa Sweet Chestnut X R Chamerion Rosebay X VLA angustifolium Willowherb Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle X LA Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle X R Convolvulus Field Bindweed X O arvensis Corylus avellana Hazel X R Crataegus Hawthorn X X X R monogyna Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot X O Dipsacus fullonum Wild Teasel X R Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb X R Fraxinus excelsior Ash X X X O Galium aparine Cleavers X X O-F Geranium Cut-leaved X R dissectum Crane's-bill Geum urbanum Wood Avens X R Hedera helix Common Ivy X LF Heracleum Hogweed X R-O sphondylium Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog X LF Holcus mollis Creeping Soft- X VLF grass Hyacinthoides non- Bluebell X VLF scripta

Lee Donaldson Associates 16 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014 Scientific Name Common Name Species- Wood Scrub Overall poor Site - Grass DAFOR Hypocaeris Cat's-ear X R radicata Ilex aquifolium Holly X R Lactuca virosa Great Lettuce X R Lamium album White Dead-nettle X R Lapsana Nipplewort X X R communis Linaria vulgaris Common Toadflax X R Lonicera Honeysuckle X R periclymenum Mercurialis Dog's Mercury X R perennis Papaver rhoeas Common Poppy X R Phleum bertolonii Small Timothy X R Pinus sp Pine x R Plantago Ribwort Plantain X R lanceolata Poa pratensis agg Smooth Meadow- X R-O grass Populus tremula Aspen X VLA Prunus cerasifera Cherry Plum X X O Prunus spinosa Blackthorn X R-O Quercus robur Pedunculate Oak X X X R Rosa canina Dog-rose X R Rubus fruticosus Bramble X X X LD agg. Rumex acetosella Sheep's Sorrel X R Rumex crispus Curled Dock X R Rumex sanguinea Wood Dock X R Salix caprea Goat Willow X R Sambucus nigra Elder X X R Senecio jacobaea Common Ragwort X R Silene vulgaris Bladder Campion X R Sinapis arvensis Charlock X R Solanum Bittersweet X R dulcamara Stachys sylvatica Hedge Woundwort X R Taraxacum agg. Dandelion X R Tilia x europaea Common Lime X R Urtica dioica Common Nettle X X X F-LA Vicia tetrasperma Smooth Tare X R White Dead-nettle White Dead-nettle X R

Lee Donaldson Associates 17 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014 APPENDIX 4 Photosheets

Lee Donaldson Associates 18 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014 Photosheets See Habitat Map (Appendix 1) for the location of the photographs.

Photo 1 Photo 2

Photo 3 Photo 4

Photo 5 Photo 6

Lee Donaldson Associates 19 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014

Photo 7

Lee Donaldson Associates 20 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014 APPENDIX 5 Desk Study Data

Lee Donaldson Associates 21 Horse Field Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Report July 2014 Desk Study Data

Lee Donaldson Associates 22

HERTFORDSHIRE ENVIRONMENTAL RECORDS CENTRE

SHORT_NAME DESCRIPTION An Act to consolidate the Badgers Act 1973, the Badgers Act 1991 and the Badgers (Further Protection) Act 1991. Badgers:1992 Prohibits the wilful injuring, killing or taking of badgers, except as permitted by or under the Act. The UK List of Priority Species and Habitats contains 1150 species and 65 habitats that have been listed as priorities for BAP:2007 conservation action under the UK Biodiversity Action Plan (UK BAP). Special protection (`appropriate and necessary legislative and administrative measures`) for the plant taxa listed, Berne:A1 including prohibition of deliberate picking, collecting, cutting, uprooting and, as appropriate, possession or sale. Special protection (`appropriate and necessary legislative and administrative measures`) for the animal taxa listed, including: Berne:A2 All forms of deliberate capture and keeping and deliberate killing; Exploitation of listed animal taxa to be subject to regulation, including: Closed seasons and/or other procedures regulating the exploitation; Berne:A3 The temporary or local prohibition of exploitation, as appropriate, in order to restore satisfactory populati Amber list species are those with an unfavourable conservation status in Europe; those whose population or range has declined moderately in recent years; those whose population has declined historically but made a substantial recent Bird:Amber recovery; rare breeder Red list species are those that are Globally Threatened according to IUCN criteria; those whose population or range has Bird:Red declined rapidly in recent years; and those that have declined historically and not shown a substantial recent recovery. Birds which are the subject of special conservation measures concerning their habitat in order to ensure their survival and reproduction in their area of distribution. As appropriate, Special Protection Areas to be established to assist BirdsDir:A1 conservation measures Amber list species are those with an unfavourable conservation status in Europe; those whose population or range has declined moderately in recent years; those whose population has declined historically but made a substantial recent BoCC2002:Amber recovery; rare breeder Red list species are classified as ‘high conservation concern’ and include those species that are globally threatened BoCC2002:Red according to IUCN criteria; those whose population or range has declined rapidly in recent years; and those that have Endangered migratory species in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of their range, and for which Bonn:A1 Range States are obliged to prohibit taking and to take protective measures to conserve. (Note that taking may be Migratory species having an unfavourable conservation status for which Range States are encouraged to conclude Bonn:A2 international agreements for their benefit. ConReg:S2 European protected species of animals (i.e. species listed in Annex IVa of the Habitats Directive). ConReg:S3 Animals which may not be taken or killed in certain ways (i.e. species listed in Annex Va of the Habitats Directive). ConReg:S4 European protected species of plants (i.e. species listed in Annex IVb of the Habitats Directive). ConsRegs:Sch2 Schedule 2: European protected species of animals. ConsRegs:Sch4 Schedule 4: European protected species of plants. Species “of principal importance for the purpose of conserving biodiversity” covered under section 41 (England) of the England NERC S.41 NERC Act (2006) and therefore need to be taken into consideration by a public body when performing any of its Species which are endangered, the conservation of which the Community has a particular responsibility in view of the HabDir:A2 proportion of their natural range which falls within the territory of the Community. They require the designation of special Animal and plant species of Community interest (i.e. endangered, vulnerable, rare or endemic in the European Community) whose conservation requires the designation of special areas of conservation. Note that the contents of this HabDir:A2* annex have been updated in Animal and plant species of Community interest (i.e. endangered, vulnerable, rare or endemic in the European HabDir:A4 Community) in need of strict protection. They are protected from killing, disturbance or the destruction of them or their Animal and plant species of Community interest whose taking in the wild and exploitation may be subject to HabDir:A5 management measures. Herts Extinct Published status in Flora of Hertfordshire 2010 Herts Extinct as Native Published status in Flora of Hertfordshire 2010 Herts ExtinctQ Published status in Flora of Hertfordshire 2010 Herts Rare Published status in Flora of Hertfordshire 2010 Herts Rare as Native Published status in Flora of Hertfordshire 2010 Herts Rare/Herts ExtinctQ Published status in Flora of Hertfordshire 2010

Herts Rare/Herts ExtinctQ as NativeQ Published status in Flora of Hertfordshire 2010 Herts RareQ Published status in Flora of Hertfordshire 2010 Herts Vulnerable Published status in Flora of Hertfordshire 2010 Herts Vulnerable/Herts RareQ Published status in Flora of Hertfordshire 2010 Herts VulnerableQ Published status in Flora of Hertfordshire 2010 HertsAWI Hertfordshire Ancient Woodland Indicator LBAP Local BAP species Species which are estimated to occur within the range of 16 to 100 10km squares. (subdivision into Notable A and Notable B is not always possible because there may be insufficient information available). Superseded by Nationally Notable Scarce, and therefore no l Taxa which do not fall within RDB categories but which are none-the-less uncommon in Great Britain and thought to Notable:A occur in 30 or fewer 10km squares of the National Grid or, for less well-recorded groups, within seven or fewer vice- Taxa which do not fall within RDB categories but which are none-the-less uncommon in Great Britain and thought to occur in between 31 and 100 10km squares of the National Grid or, for less-well recorded groups between eight and Notable:B twenty vice-counties. Super The Protection of Badgers Act 1992 protects badgers from taking, injuring, killing, cruel treatment, selling, possessing, Protection of Badgers Act (1992) marking and having their setts interfered with, subject to exceptions. A taxon is Critically Endangered when it is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future, RedList_GB_post2001:CR as defined by any of the criteria A to E. A taxon is Data Deficient when there is inadequate information to make a direct, or indirect, assessment of its risk of RedList_GB_post2001:DD extinction based on its distribution and/or population status. A taxon in this category may be well studied, and its biology RedList_GB_post2001:EN A taxon is Endangered when it is not Critically endangered but is facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild in the A taxon is Extinct in the wild when it is known to survive only in cultivation, in captivity or as a naturalised population (or RedList_GB_post2001:EW populations) well outside the past range. A taxon is presumed extinct in the wild when exhaustive surveys in known Taxa which are no longer known to exist in the wild after repeated searches of their localities and other known likely RedList_GB_post2001:EX places. Superseded by new IUCN categories in 1994, but still applicable to lists that have not been reviewed since 1994. Taxa which do not qualify for Lower Risk (conservation dependent), but which are close to qualifying for Vulnerable. In RedList_GB_post2001:NT Britain, this category includes species which occur in 15 or fewer hectads but do not qualify as Critically Endangered, A taxon is Vulnerable when it is not Critically Endangered or Endangered but is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild RedList_GB_post2001:VU in the medium term future. Category for a taxon when there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual potentially capable of reproduction within RedList_GB_post2003:RE the region has died or has disappeared from the wild in the region, or when, if it is a former visiting taxon, the last A taxon is Critically Endangered when it is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future, RedList_GB_post94:CR as defined by any of the criteria A to E. A taxon is Data Deficient when there is inadequate information to make a direct, or indirect, assessment of its risk of RedList_GB_post94:DD extinction based on its distribution and/or population status. A taxon in this category may be well studied, and its biology RedList_GB_post94:EN A taxon is Endangered when it is not Critically endangered but is facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild in the A taxon is Extinct in the wild when it is known to survive only in cultivation, in captivity or as a naturalised population (or RedList_GB_post94:EW populations) well outside the past range. A taxon is presumed extinct in the wild when exhaustive surveys in known Taxa which are no longer known to exist in the wild after repeated searches of their localities and other known likely RedList_GB_post94:EX places.Superseded by new IUCN categories in 1994, but still applicable to lists that have not been reviewed since 1994. Taxa which do not qualify for Lower Risk (conservation dependent), but which are close to qualifying for Vulnerable. In RedList_GB_post94:NT Britain, this category includes species which occur in 15 or fewer hectads but do not qualify as Critically Endangered, A taxon is Vulnerable when it is not Critically Endangered or Endangered but is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild RedList_GB_post94:VU in the medium term future. A taxon is Critically Endangered when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the criteria A to E for RedList_Global_post2001:CR Critically Endangered (see Section V), and it is therefore considered to be facing an extremely high risk of extinction in A taxon is Endangered when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the criteria A to E for Endangered RedList_Global_post2001:EN (see Section V), and it is therefore considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild. A taxon is Vulnerable when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the criteria A to E for Vulnerable RedList_Global_post2001:VU (see Section V), and it is therefore considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. A taxon is Critically Endangered when it is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future, RedList_Global_post94:CR as defined by any of the criteria A to E. Taxa in danger of extinction and whose survival is unlikely if the causal factors continue operating. Superseded by new RedList_Global_post94:EN IUCN categories in 1994, but still applicable to lists that have not been reviewed since 1994. Taxa which are the focus of a continuing taxon-specific or habitat-specific conservation programme targeted towards the RedList_Global_post94:LR(cd) taxon in question, the cessation of which would result in the taxon qualifying for one of the threatened categories above Taxa which do not qualify for Lower Risk (conservation dependent), but which are close to qualifying for Vulnerable. In RedList_Global_post94:NT Britain, this category includes species which occur in 15 or fewer hectads but do not qualify as Critically Endangered, Taxa believed likely to move into the Endangered category in the near future if the causal factors continue operating. RedList_Global_post94:VU Superseded by new IUCN categories in 1994, but still applicable to lists that have not been reviewed since 1994. A taxon is Critically Endangered when it is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future, RedList_post94:CR as defined by any of the criteria A to E. Population reduction in the form of either of the following: 1. An observed, estimated, inferred or suspected reduction of at least 80% over the last 10 years or three generations, RedList_post94:CR(A) whichever is the longer, based on (and specifying) any of the following: Extent of occurrence estimated to be less than 100 km2 or areas of occupancy estimated to be less than 10 km2, and estimates indicating any two of the following: 1. Severely fragmented or known to exist at only a single location. RedList_post94:CR(B) 2. Continuing decline Population estimated to number less than 250 mature individuals and either: 1. An estimated continuing decline of at least 25% within 3 years or one generation, whichever is longer or RedList_post94:CR(C) 2. A continuing decline, observed, projected, or inferred, in numbers RedList_post94:CR(D) Population estimated to number less than 50 mature individuals. A taxon is Data Deficient when there is inadequate information to make a direct, or indirect, assessment of its risk of RedList_post94:DD extinction based on its distribution and/or population status. A taxon in this category may be well studied, and its biology A taxon is Endangered when it is not Critically Endangered but is facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild in the RedList_post94:EN near future, as defined by any of the criteria A to E. Population reduction in the form of either of the following: 1. An observed, estimated, inferred or suspected reduction of at least 50% over the last 10 years or three generations, RedList_post94:EN(A) whichever is the longer, based on (and specifying) any of the following: Extent of occurrence estimated to be less than 5,000 km2 or area of occupancy estimated to be less than 500 km2, and estimates indicating any two of the following: 1. Severely fragmented or known to exist at no more than five locations. RedList_post94:EN(B) 2. Continuing de Population estimated to number less than 2,500 mature individuals and either: 1. An estimated continuing decline of at least 20% within 5 years or 2 generations, whichever is longer, or RedList_post94:EN(C) 2. A continuing decline, observed, projected or inferred, in number RedList_post94:EN(D) Population estimated to number less than 250 mature individuals. A taxon is Extinct in the wild when it is known to survive only in cultivation, in captivity or as a naturalised population (or RedList_post94:EW populations) well outside the past range. A taxon is presumed extinct in the wild when exhaustive surveys in known Taxa that are common and/or widespread, but considered to be Rare or Threatened in the European Community. These RedList_post94:II taxa are listed in Annex I of the Birds Directive and/or Appendix II of the Bern Convention and/or Annexes II,III and V of Taxa which are the focus of a continuing taxon-specific or habitat-specific conservation programme targeted towards the RedList_post94:LR(cd) taxon in question, the cessation of which would result in the taxon qualifying for one of the threatened categories above Taxa which do not qualify for Lower Risk (conservation dependent) or Lower Risk (near threatened) or (in Britain) RedList_post94:LR(lc) Nationally Scarce. A taxon is Lower Risk when it has been evaluated but does not satisfy the criteria for any of the categories Critically RedList_post94:LR(ns) Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable. If taxa do not meet the criteria for Near Threatened or Conmservation Taxa which do not qualify for Lower Risk (conservation dependent), but which are close to qualifying for Vulnerable. In RedList_post94:LR(nt) Britain, this category includes species which occur in 15 or fewer hectads but do not qualify as Critically Endangered, A taxon is Vulnerable when it is not Critically Endangered or Endangered but is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild RedList_post94:V in the medium-term future, as defined by any of the criteria A to E. Population reduction in the form of either of the following: 1. An observed, estimated, inferred or suspected reduction of at least 20% over the last 10 years or three generations, RedList_post94:V(A) whichever is the longer, based on (and specifying) any of the following: Extent of occurrence estimated to be less than 20,000 km2 or area of occupancy estimated to be less than 2000 km2, and estimates indicating any two of the following: 1. Severely fragmented or known to exist at no more than ten locations. RedList_post94:V(B) 2. Continuing d Population estimated to number less than 10,000 mature individuals and either: 1. An estimated continuing decline of at least 10% within 10 years or 3 generations, whichever is longer, or RedList_post94:V(C) 2. A continuing decline, observed, projected, or inferred, in num Population very small or restricted in the form of either of the following: 1. Population estimated to number less than 1,000 mature individuals RedList_post94:V(D) 2. Population is characterised by an acute restriction in its area of occupancy (typically less than 100 km2 Status:NR Occurring in 15 or fewer hectads in Great Britain. Excludes rare species qualifying under the main IUCN criteria. Status:NR (excl RedListed) Occurring in 15 or fewer hectads in Great Britain. Excludes rare species qualifying under the main IUCN criteria. Status:NR (incl RedListed) Occurring in 15 or fewer hectads in Great Britain (includes all red listed species under IUCN criteria Status:NS Occurring in 16-100 hectads in Great Britain. Excludes rare species qualifying under the main IUCN criteria. WACA:Sch1_part1 Birds which are protected by special penalties at all times. WACA:Sch1_part2 Birds which are protected by special penalties during the close season. WACA:Sch5_sect9.1(kill/injuring) Section 9.1. Animals which are protected from intentional killing or injuring. WACA:Sch5_sect9.1(taking) Section 9.1 Animals which are protected from taking. WACA:Sch5_sect9.2 Section 9.2 Animals which are protected from being possessed or controlled (live or dead). Section 9.4 Animals which are protected from intentional damage or destruction to any structure or place used for WACA:Sch5_sect9.4a shelter or protection. Section 9.4 Animals which are protected from intentional disturbance while occupying a structure or place used for WACA:Sch5_sect9.4b shelter or protection. Animals which are protected from their access to any structure or place which they use for shelter or protection being WACA:Sch5Sect9.4c obstructed. Plants which are protected from: intentional picking, uprooting or destruction (Section 13 1a); selling, offering for sale, WACA:Sch8 possessing or transporting for the purpose of sale (live or dead, part or derivative) (Section 13 2a); advertising (any of WACA:Sch9 Non-native invasives Data Search Results 26/07/2014 HERC Ref: 201406_029

RAMSAR

Ramsar sites are designated under the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat. Wetlands are designated, protected and promoted in order to stem the progressive encroachment on and loss of wetlands, which are broadly defined to include marsh, fen, peatland and water.

Special Areas of Conservation (SAC)

Special Areas of Conservation are sites designated by Member States under the EC Habitats Directive. The aim is to establish a European network of important high quality conservation sites that will make a significant contribution to conserving habitats and species considered to be most in need of conservation at a European level.

Special Protection Areas (SPA)

Special Protection Areas are designated under the EC Birds Directive, to conserve the habitat of certain rare or vulnerable birds and regularly occurring migratory birds. Any significant pollution or disturbance to or deterioration of these sites has to be avoided.

National Nature Reserves (NNR)

National Nature Reserves are statutory reserves established for the nation under the Wildlife and Countryside Act, 1981. NNRs may be owned by relevant national body (e.g. Natural England in England) or established by agreement; a few are owned and managed by non-statutory bodies. NNRs cover a selection of the most important sites for nature conservation in the UK.

Page 1 of 10 Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI)

Sites of Special Scientific Interest are areas notified under the Wildlife and Countryside Act, 1981, as being of ‘special interest for nature conservation’. They represent the finest sites for wildlife and natural features in Great Britain supporting many characteristic, rare and endangered species, habitats and natural features. Notification as a SSSI is primarily a legal mechanism organised by Natural England and selected according to specific criteria. The Guidelines for the Selection of Biological SSSIs, published in 1989 by the Joint Nature Conservancy Council, set down the selection criteria for both biological and geological SSSIs.

Local Nature Reserves (LNR)

Land owned, leased or managed by Local Authorities and designated under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act. A site of some nature conservation value managed for educational objectives - no need for SSSI status. Some reserves are managed by a non-statutory body. Local authorities have the power to pass bylaws controlling (e.g.) access, special protection measures.

Statutory Sites

Site Name Status Grid Reference Area (ha) Distance (m) Harebreaks Wood LNR TQ101991 5.25 1910

Ancient woodland

Ancient Woodland is land that has had a continuous woodland cover since at least 1600 AD and has only been cleared for underwood or timber production. It can be placed in two categories:

Ancient Semi-natural Woodland (ASNW) – woodland that retains a native tree and shrub cover that has not been planted, although it may have been managed by coppicing or felling and allowed to regenerate naturally. This covers all stands of ancient woodland which do not obviously originate from planting.

Page 2 of 10 Ancient replanted Woodland (AWS - ancient woodland site or PAWS - plantation on ancient woodland site) – woodland where the original tree cover has been felled and replaced by planting, often with conifers and usually this century.

Ancient Woodland Inventory Sites

Site Name (where known) Grid Reference Category Area (ha) Distance (m) ALBANS WOOD TL107007 ASNW 3.41 860 TL091028 PAWS 1.02 1750 TL088026 PAWS 0.22 1750 LONG WOOD TL089025 PAWS 4.38 1530

Herts and Middlesex Wildlife Trust Nature Reserves

File Code Site Name Area (ha) Distance (m) None

Local Wildlife Site / Wildlife Sites

Local Wildlife Sites are non-statutory sites designated at a county level as being of conservation importance and often recognised in Local authority development plans. The aim of this identification is to protect such sites from land management changes, which may lessen their nature conservation interest, and to encourage sensitive management to maintain and enhance their importance. Although WS have no statutory protection they need to be considered in the planning process through Planning Policy Guidance like PPG9 which refers to the Town & Country Planning Act 1990 Section 30. This states that nature conservation issues should be included in the surveys of local authority areas to ensure that the plans are based on fully adequate information about local species, habitats, geology and landform. Plans should be concerned not only with designated areas but also with other land of conservation value and the possible provision of new habitats.

Local Wildlife Sites

Page 3 of 10 File Site Name Grid Area (ha) Ratified Description Dista Code Reference nce (m) 75/002 The Bothy Chalk TL090006 0 1997 Site and environs important for protected species. Wildlife Site criteria: Species. 860 Mine Area 75/006 Grand Union TL080011 8.52 1997 Interlinked river and canal system with associated banks, locks, towpath and mixed 1630 Canal/River ruderal vegetation. A diverse assemblage of plants has been recorded from the site Gade including a number of uncommon species. The flora includes marshy/wet grassland such as Lady’s Smock (Cardamine pratensis), Glaucous Sedge (Carex flacca), Fen Bedstraw (Galium uliginosum), Greater Bird’s-foot Trefoil (Lotus pedunculatus) and Ragged Robin (Lychnis flos-cuculi). Fen and swamp indicators area also present including Wild Angelica (Angelica sylvestris), Marsh Ragwort (Senecio aquaticus), Hemp- agrimony (Eupatorium cannabinum), Marsh Horsetail (Equisetum palustre), Lesser Pond-sedge (Carex acutiformis), Reed Canary-grass (Phalaris arundinacea), Common Reed (Phragmites australis). Several pondweeds (Potamogeton spp.) have been recorded within the canal. Wildlife Site criteria: Grassland indicators; fen and swamp indicators. 75/011 Long Wood (N. TL088025 7.88 1997 Mixed woodland dissected into three fragments by the M25. The woodland consists 1560 of Abbots mainly of conifer plantation, of European Larch (Larix decidua) and Scots Pine (Pinus Langley) sylvestris) and Silver Birch (Betula pendula). Some semi-natural canopy is present, mainly around the perimeter and includes a little coppice. A large Whitebeam (Sorbus aria) is recorded on the northern edge of the wood. The ground flora supports ancient woodland indicators including Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta), Wood Melick (Melica uniflora), Hairy-brome (Bromopsis ramosa), Remote Sedge (Carex remota), Broad Buckler-fern (Dryopteris dilatata) and Hairy Wood-rush (Luzula pilosa). Wildlife Site criteria: Ancient Woodland Inventory site with restorable elements of its previous semi-natural character including some semi-natural canopy and ancient features; woodland indicator. 75/012 Tanners Wood TL091013 2.32 1997 Semi-natural broadleaved woodland dominated by Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur) 500 with some Wild Cherry (Prunus avium), Field Maple (Acer campestre) - including rare large coppice, Beech (Fagus sylvatica) and Silver Birch (Betula pendula). Hazel (Corylus

Page 4 of 10 avellana) coppice is also present with some Holly (Ilex aquifolium), Rowan (Sorbus aucuparia) plus rarer Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and Aspen (Populus tremula). The ground flora is dominated by Bramble (Rubus fruticosus agg.) and Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) with locally abundant Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta) plus other woodland indicators including Enchanter’s Nightshade (Circaea lutetiana) and Wood Meadow-grass (Poa nemoralis). Grassy glades support some acid/heathy flora. A remnant ancient boundary hedge containing laid Beech is present within the northern margin. Wildlife Site criteria: Ancient woodland with a semi-natural canopy and field evidence suggesting an ancient origin; shown on Bryant (1822); woodland indicators. 75/018 Abbots Langley TL094021 1.21 1997 Churchyard supporting old neutral grassland with a good diversity of indicator species 990 Churchyard recorded such as Lady’s Smock (Cardamine pratensis), Common Knapweed (Centaurea nigra), Lady’s Bedstraw (Galium verum), Oxeye Daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare), Bird’s- foot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus), Meadow Vetchling (Lathyrus pratensis) and Meadow Buttercup (Ranunculus acris). The sward is most species-rich immediately to the north of the church. Numerous planted trees are present, with some fine specimens, including Wellingtonia (Sequoia giganteum), Horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum), lime (Tilia spp.) and cedar (Cedrus sp.). The northern part is effectively woodland and supports several woodland indicators including Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta), Ramsons (Allium ursinum) and Goldilocks Buttercup (Ranunculus auricomus). Wildlife Site criteria: Grassland indicators. 75/021 St Paul's TL080005 0.62 1997 Churchyard supporting generally species-rich neutral to calcareous grassland but with 1820 Churchyard, some acidic sward also present. Species recorded include Sweet Vernal-grass Langleybury (Anthoxanthum odoratum), Common Knapweed (Centaurea nigra), Lady’s Bedstraw (Galium verum), Field Wood-rush (Luzula campestris), Primrose (Primula vulgaris), Salad Burnet (Sanguisorba minor), Burnet-saxifrage (Pimpinella saxifraga), Wild Marjoram (Origanum vulgare), Large Thyme (Thymus pulegioides), Common Cat's-ear (Hypochaeris radicata) and Heath Bedstraw (Galium saxatile). Spring Sedge (Carex caryophyllea) has been recorded in the east of the site. Wildlife Site criteria: Grassland indicators. 75/030/ Leavesden TQ091997 2.19 1997 Two small areas of moderately species-rich neutral grassland in the north and south of 950 01 Aerodrome the former aerodrome site. Several grassland indicators have been recorded including North and South Sweet Vernal-grass (Anthoxanthum odoratum), Common Knapweed (Centaurea nigra), Bird's-foot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus), Meadow Buttercup (Ranunculus acris) and

Page 5 of 10 Common Sorrel (Rumex acetosa). Wildlife Site criteria: Grassland indicators. 75/036 Great Notley TL100030 2.02 1997 Ancient semi-natural broadleaved woodland with scattered large Pedunculate Oak 1830 (Quercus robur) plus Wild Cherry (Prunus avium) standards and saplings, with other standards such as Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) mainly around the perimeter. Hazel (Corylus avellana) coppice is present below. A pond is present along the western side of the wood by a grassy clearing with some standards. The ground flora supports much Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) and Bramble (Rubus fruticosus agg.) plus a good diversity of woodland indicators recorded, mainly Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta) with species such as Wood Sedge (Carex sylvatica), Broad Buckler-fern (Dryopteris dilatata), Wood Melick (Melica uniflora), Wood Millet (Milium effusum) and Wood Meadow-grass (Poa nemoralis). A bank is present around the wood with very old laid Beech (Fagus sylvatica) hedge remnants on the north, east and west sides and Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) plus Field Maple (Acer campestre) on the west side. Wildlife Site criteria: Ancient woodland with a semi-natural canopy and field evidence suggesting an ancient origin; shown on Bryant (1822); woodland indicators. 75/037/ Hunton Park TL090004 3.27 1997 Mature broadleaf woodland/former parkland largely of Beech (Fagus sylvatica) with 930 01 Woodland additional woody species including Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur), Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and Sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus). Many woodland indicators recorded such as Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta), Broad Buckler-fern (Dryopteris dilatata), Hairy-brome (Bromopsis ramosa), Wood Millet (Milium effusum), Wood Melick (Melica uniflora), Hairy Wood-rush (Luzula pilosa) and Common Dog-violet (Viola riviniana). Wildlife Site criteria: Old/ancient woodland with some semi-natural canopy; fragment shown on Bryant's map (1822); >2 ha; woodland indicators. 76/009 Albans Wood TL107007 3.46 1997 Ancient semi-natural Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur), Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and 860 Beech (Fagus sylvatica) woodland with Wild Cherry (Prunus avium) plus some planted Horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) and Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa). Sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) is also present along with Hazel (Corylus avellana) coppice, Holly (Ilex aquifolium), Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) and Elder (Sambucus nigra) below. Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta) is abundant on the ground with some areas of Bramble (Rubus fruticosus agg.), Ivy (Hedera helix) and Common Nettle (Urtica dioica). Other species of note recorded include Wood Melick (Melica uniflora), Dog's Mercury (Mercurialis perennis), Wood Meadow-grass (Poa nemoralis) and

Page 6 of 10 Common Dog-violet (Viola riviniana). Wildlife Site criteria: Ancient Woodland Inventory site; woodland indicators. 76/049 Garston Manor TL112014 2.56 1997 Two areas of neutral grassland with several more acidic patches. The west field has a 1330 Grasslands fine semi-improved sward with a good species diversity while the east field supports rougher grassland. Species recorded include Common Knapweed (Centaurea nigra), Lady’s Bedstraw (Galium verum), Heath Bedstraw (Galium saxatile), Field Wood-rush (Luzula campestris), Bird’s-foot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus), Common Sorrel (Rumex acetosa) and Meadow Buttercup (Ranunculus acris). Wildlife Site criteria: Grassland indicators. 76/084 Tenements TL105031 0 2000 Buildings and environs important for protected species. Wildlife Site criteria: Species. 1970 Farm Area 83/018 North Western TQ085995 3.12 2008 Large roundabout with domed central grassy area and steep banks with adjacent road 1760 Avenue (A41) verges. Mixed scrub and trees are present along the tops of the banks. The areas of Roundabout neutral to calcareous grassland support species-rich swards including species such as and Banks Agrimony (Agrimonia eupatoria), Common Knapweed (Centaurea nigra), Oxeye Daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare), Fairy Flax (Linum catharticum), Common Centaury (Centaurium erythraea) and Bird’s-foot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus). Bee Orchid (Ophrys apifera), Pyramidal Orchid (Anacamptis pyramidalis) and a Broomrape (Orobanche sp.) have been recorded. Wildlife Site criteria: Grassland indicators. 83/044 Russell Lane TQ088993 2.17 1997 Semi-natural broadleaved woodland and dense Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) scrub 1910 Wood in succession to woodland. There are remnants of Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur)/Beech (Fagus sylvatica) woodland with Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and some large standards of Common Lime (Tilia x europaea) and Horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum). Beech is mainly dominant in the southern area. The sub-canopy is composed of Elder (Sambucus nigra), Hawthorn, Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa), Holly (Ilex aquifolium) and younger trees of Ash and Wild Cherry (Prunus avium). The ground flora includes woodland indicators including Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta), Dog's Mercury (Mercurialis perennis), Early Dog-violet (Viola reichenbachiana) and several woodland grasses. Wildlife Site criteria: Old secondary woodland with a semi-natural canopy and varied structure; >2 ha; woodland indicators. 83/070/ Greenbanks TQ091994 1.85 1997 Ancient woodland site supporting a semi-natural, open, high canopy locally dominated 1820 01 Wood by mature Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa) with areas of Ash (Fraxinus excelsior), Wild Cherry (Prunus avium) and Sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) plus some Pedunculate

Page 7 of 10 Oak (Quercus robur), Silver Birch (Betula pendula) and Holly (Ilex aquifolium). A number of large parkland trees are present - namely Sweet Chestnut and Beech (Fagus sylvatica). The ground flora is variable with Bramble (Rubus fruticosus agg.) and a number of woodland indicator species including abundant Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non- scripta) and Dog's Mercury (Mercurialis perennis). There is a large open glade of rough grassland in the middle of the wood. Wildlife Site criteria: Ancient woodland with a semi-natural canopy and field evidence suggesting an ancient origin; shown on Bryant's map (1822); >1 ha. 84/002/ Stanborough TQ109996 3.9 1997 Ancient semi-natural woodland with a canopy composed of Pedunculate Oak (Quercus 1870 01 Park Woods robur), Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and Wild Cherry (Prunus avium) with some mature South Beech (Fagus sylvatica) over coppices of Hazel (Corylus avellana) and Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus). The ground flora is reasonably diverse with several woodland indicators recorded including Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta), Wood Sorrel (Oxalis acetosella), Three-nerved Sandwort (Moehringia trinervia), Giant Fescue (Festuca gigantea), Wood Melick (Melica uniflora), Wood Millet (Milium effusum) and Yellow Archangel (Lamiastrum galeobdolon). Wildlife Site criteria: Ancient woodland with a semi-natural canopy and field evidence suggesting an ancient origin; shown on Bryant's map (1822); woodland indicators. 84/017 North Watford TQ106996 12.29 1997 Mosaic site supporting remnants of ancient semi-natural broadleaved woodland and 1540 Cemetery old grassland. Semi-natural acid grassland is present on the higher areas with a mixture of acid/neutral grassland on the lower slopes. The acid grassland is typically dominated by Sheep's Sorrel (Rumex acetosella), Field Wood-rush (Luzula campestris) and Sweet Vernal-grass (Anthoxanthum odoratum). The neutral grassland is more diverse but with fewer uncommon species. The canopy supports frequent Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur), Wild Cherry (Prunus avium), Silver Birch (Betula pendula), Sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) and Hazel (Corylus avellana). The woodland ground is quite diverse with numerous ancient woodland indicator species recorded, mainly Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta) along with species such as Broad Buckler-fern (Dryopteris dilatata), Wood Melick (Melica uniflora), Wood Sorrel (Oxalis acetosella), Wood Millet (Milium effusum), Yellow Archangel (Lamiastrum galeobdolon) and Early Dog-violet (Viola reichenbachiana). The site is important for fungi, including uncommon species, many of which are species associated with long-established grassland. The site is also important for fauna such as bats. Wildlife Site criteria: Ancient woodland with a semi-

Page 8 of 10 natural canopy and field evidence suggesting an ancient origin; shown on Bryant's map (1822); woodland indicators; grassland indicators. 84/020 Long Spring and TQ101992 5.25 1997 Ancient semi-natural woodland including some old planting. The canopy is mostly of 1910 Harebreaks Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur), Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and Wild Cherry (Prunus Wood (Watford) avium) with some large Pedunculate Oak and Beech standards, mainly in the west where the canopy is more open. The understorey includes Hazel (Corylus avellana) and Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) coppice plus Field Maple (Acer campestre) and Holly (Ilex aquifolium). The ground flora is quite diverse and supports several woodland indicators, mainly Bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta) with other species recorded such (Mercurialis perennis), Wood Melick (Melica uniflora), Giant Fescue (Festuca gigantea), Wood Sorrel (Oxalis acetosella), Pignut (Conopodium majus) and Wood Millet (Milium effusum). To the western side of the wood, which is more open to recreation, the ground is dominated by grasses. Wildlife Site criteria: Ancient woodland with a semi- natural canopy and field evidence suggesting an ancient origin; remnant of a larger woodland shown on Bryant's map (1822); woodland indicators.

Regionally Important Geological / Geomorphological Site (RIGS)

Regionally Important Geological/Geomorphological Sites are non-statutory earth science sites. The RIGS networks are locally based voluntary groups drawing on both professional and interest groups identifying sites using a methodical and rational approach. RIGS are analogous to non-statutory biological sites - they are not a second tier but sites of regionally or local importance in their own right.

RIGS

File Code Site Name Grid Reference Area (ha) Distance (m) None

Veteran & Mature Trees from HERC database

Page 9 of 10 Record Tree Survey Girth Site Name Site Address Context Eastings Northings Distance No Species Date (cm) (m) 700 Sweet 200009 600 Callowland Recreation Watford WL, Woodland 509200 199320 1970 Chestnut 04 Ground 980 Cedar of 200102 480 Garston Manor Watford PL, Parkland 511198 201504 1430 Lebanon 27 2557 Yew 200306 350 Lock Cott Watford rd Kings Langley RV, Riverside 508293 200254 1780 03

Page 10 of 10 Common Name Scientific Name File Code Sample Location Location Name Date Grid Reference European UK Legal NERC BAP2007 IUCN Scarce Rare Berne/Bonn Local Distance (m) Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus 13/02/1991 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 BAP-2007 Bern2, CMS_A2 Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus 16/10/2003 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 BAP-2007 Bern2, CMS_A2 Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus 22/02/2005 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 BAP-2007 Bern2, CMS_A2 Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus 11/04/2001 TL0902 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 BAP-2007 Bern2, CMS_A2 Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus Jun-87 TQ19E HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 BAP-2007 Bern2, CMS_A2 Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus 11/01/2003 TL1003 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 BAP-2007 Bern2, CMS_A2 Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus Potten End 21/06/2012 TL00 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 BAP-2007 Bern2, CMS_A2 Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus 04/10/2001 TL0802 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 BAP-2007 Bern2, CMS_A2 Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus 15/12/1999 TL0802 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 BAP-2007 Bern2, CMS_A2 Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus 21/10/1999 TL0802 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 BAP-2007 Bern2, CMS_A2 Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus 1999 TL1003 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 BAP-2007 Bern2, CMS_A2 Soprano Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pygmaeus 08/06/2005 TL00V HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 BAP-2007 Bern2, CMS_A2 Common Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 15/04/2002 TL1001 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Common Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 17/07/2008 TL1101 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Common Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 20/07/2004 TQ1199 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 10/07/1991 TL1001 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 04/07/2001 TL1101 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 1992 TL1100 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 25/08/2003 TL1001 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 12/08/1997 TL1001 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 24/01/1998 TL1100 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 26/09/1985 TL10A HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 14/07/1991 TL1001 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 2004 TL1001 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 15/09/1992 TL1101 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 03/09/1993 TL0901 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 28/07/1988 TL0801 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 07/07/1996 TL0901 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 12/04/1998 TL0800 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 24/08/1987 TL0903 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus Summer 1999 TL0903 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 19/05/1997 TL0903 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 02/07/1991 TQ19E HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 21/12/1991 TQ1199 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 08/05/2002 TQ1199 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus Summer 1999 TQ0999 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 16/07/2004 TQ0999 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 23/11/1996 TQ0899 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 23/11/1996 TQ0899 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 05/09/1996 TQ1099 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 31/05/1995 TQ1199 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 18/05/1998 TQ1199 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 18/06/1993 TQ1199 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 29/06/2001 TQ1099 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 1995 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 06/06/1997 TQ1099 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus 1995 TL1100 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Noctule Bat Nyctalus noctula 05/09/1996 TQ1099 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 BAP-2007 Bern2, CMS_A2 Noctule Bat Nyctalus noctula 06/06/1997 TQ1099 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 BAP-2007 Bern2, CMS_A2 Noctule Bat Nyctalus noctula 1995 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 BAP-2007 Bern2, CMS_A2 Noctule Bat Nyctalus noctula 20/07/2004 TQ1199 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 BAP-2007 Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 23/02/1991 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 25/01/1998 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 26/01/1992 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 28/02/1998 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 28/02/2004 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 07/03/2007 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 21/10/1999 TL0802 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 1999 TL1003 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 28/02/1998 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 28/02/2004 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 05/01/2002 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 10/01/1997 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 12/01/2001 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 12/01/2004 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 16/02/2002 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 20/02/2000 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 22/01/2000 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 22/02/2005 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 25/01/1998 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 05/01/2002 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 12/01/2004 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 13/02/1991 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Natterer's Bat Myotis nattereri 16/02/2002 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b LBAP Bern2, CMS_A2 Daubenton's Bat Myotis daubentonii 05/01/2002 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Daubenton's Bat Myotis daubentonii 22/02/2005 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Daubenton's Bat Myotis daubentonii 28/02/2004 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Daubenton's Bat Myotis daubentonii 05/01/2002 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Daubenton's Bat Myotis daubentonii 28/02/2004 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 Daubenton's Bat Myotis daubentonii 07/03/2007 TL0900 HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Bern2, CMS_A2 a Bat Chiroptera Summer 1997 TL1100 Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera 1997 TL1100 Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera 23/08/2001 TL1001 Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera 22/06/2006 TL1100 Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera 14/07/2000 TL1000 Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera 1994 TL00R Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera 1994 TL00V Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera 13/08/2002 TL0800 Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera Summer 1997 TL0800 Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera 02/10/2005 TL0900 Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera 10/05/1997 TL0801 Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera 11/04/2001 TL0902 Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera 07/03/1998 TL0802 Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera 02/02/2002 TL1100 Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera Summer 1997 TL1100 Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera 19/08/2002 TL1100 Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera 1994 TQ09Z Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera 17/10/2000 TQ1199 Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera 19/10/1997 TQ1199 Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera 08/05/2002 TQ1199 Yes Yes a Bat Chiroptera 10/03/2000 TL0800 Yes Yes BAP-2007, 01/04/2005 Great Crested Newt Triturus cristatus Bedmond Lane, Kings Langley TL0902 HSD2p, HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 LBAP Bern2 BAP-2007, 01/04/2005 Great Crested Newt Triturus cristatus Bedmond Lane, Kings Langley TL0902 HSD2p, HSD4 WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 LBAP Bern2 Common Frog Rana temporaria TL10A Farmers Close, Leavesden Mar-88 TL106008 HSD5 920 Common Frog Rana temporaria TL00R Kings Langley 1981 TL00R HSD5 Common Frog Rana temporaria TL00V 1985 TL00V HSD5 Common Frog Rana temporaria TL00W 1985 TL00W HSD5 Common Frog Rana temporaria TL10A 25/08/1990 TL10A HSD5 Common Frog Rana temporaria TL10A Garston 13/10/1990 TL10A HSD5 Common Frog Rana temporaria TL10A Garston 24/08/1990 TL10A HSD5 Common Frog Rana temporaria TL10A Watford 1982 TL10A HSD5 BAP-2007, June 1998 - July 1998 Stag Beetle Lucanus cervus TL00V Leavesden, High Rd TL098000 HSD2p Sect.41 LBAP Nb 1150 BAP-2007, 1890 - 1900 Stag Beetle Lucanus cervus St Albans TL10 HSD2p Sect.41 LBAP Nb BAP-2007, 1879 Stag Beetle Lucanus cervus Watford TQ09 HSD2p Sect.41 LBAP Nb BAP-2007, Jul-97 Stag Beetle Lucanus cervus TL00R Kings Langley, Primrose Hill TL00R HSD2p Sect.41 LBAP Nb BAP-2007, Jul-97 Stag Beetle Lucanus cervus TL10A Watford, St Albans Rd. TL10A HSD2p Sect.41 LBAP Nb BAP-2007, Jun-97 Stag Beetle Lucanus cervus TL10A Watford. Kingswood Rd. TL10A HSD2p Sect.41 LBAP Nb Large White-moss Leucobryum glaucum 76/024 Bricket Wood Common SSSI Bricket Wood Common Apr-92 TL10 HSD5 Blunt-leaved Bog-moss Sphagnum palustre 76/024 Bricket Wood Common SSSI Bricket Wood Common Apr-92 TL10 HSD5 Fringed Bog-moss Sphagnum fimbriatum 76/024 Bricket Wood Common SSSI Bricket Wood Common Apr-92 TL10 HSD5 Grass Snake Natrix natrix TL00W 1985 TL00W WCA5/9.1k/I Sect.41 BAP-2007 Grass Snake Natrix natrix TL00W Kings Langley 1985 TL00W WCA5/9.1k/I Sect.41 BAP-2007 Slow-worm Anguis fragilis 75/027 Abbots Langley Open Space Apr-00 TL093010 WCA5/9.1k/I Sect.41 BAP-2007 470 WCA5/9.1k/I, 1987 WCA5/9.4a, BAP-2007, European Water Vole Arvicola amphibius TL00V TL00V WCA5/9.4b Sect.41 LBAP a Pipistrelle Bat Pipistrellus Aug-07 TQ1099 WCA5/9.4b CMS_A2 Unidentified Bat Myotis 22/02/2005 TL0900 WCA5/9.4b CMS_A2 Eurasian Badger Meles meles Unknown TL0902 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles Apr-95 TL0900 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 13/10/1999 TL0900 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 13/10/1999 TQ0999 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 2000 TL0800 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles Apr-00 TL0800 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 2000 TL0800 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 2000 TL0800 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 15/05/1997 TL1101 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles TL00Q 1985 TL00Q PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 09/02/2004 TL0701 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 12/04/1987 TL0701 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 12/04/1987 TL0701 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 1995 TL0701 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles TL00R 1985 TL00R PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles Apr-00 TL0800 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 05/05/1998 TL00V PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 06/01/1998 TL00W PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 26/05/1997 TL0803 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 12/04/1989 TL0802 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 12/04/1989 TL0802 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 19/03/1985 TL0701 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 19/03/1985 TL0701 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 12/04/1989 TL0902 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 12/04/1989 TL0902 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 25/06/1985 TL0902 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 25/06/1985 TL0902 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 1980 TL0903 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 1998 TL0903 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 2000 TL0800 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 13/10/1999 TQ0999 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 24/02/1991 TL1102 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 24/02/1991 TL1102 PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 1977 TL00W PBA Eurasian Badger Meles meles 12/04/1989 TL0802 PBA Fieldfare Turdus pilaris TL00V Abbots Langley 18/01/2003 TL090015 WCA1i BRed 830 Fieldfare Turdus pilaris TL00V Hunton Bridge. 15/04/2003 TL083006 WCA1i BRed 1550 Common Crossbill Loxia curvirostra TL00V Abbots Langley 18/01/2003 TL090015 WCA1i Bern2 830 Common Crossbill Loxia curvirostra TL00V Abbots Langley 20/04/2003 TL090015 WCA1i Bern2 830 Common Crossbill Loxia curvirostra TQ09Z Leavesden Green, Watford 31/05/2003 TQ098999 WCA1i Bern2 1250 Red Kite Milvus milvus TQ09Z Leavesden Green, Watford 12/08/2003 TQ098999 WCA1i BAmb BD1, CMS_A2 1250 Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus TL00V Abbots Langley 18/04/2003 TL090015 WCA1i BAmb Bern2, CMS_A2 830 Hyacinthoides non- 06/06/2006 Bluebell scripta 75/012 Tanners Wood TL092014 WCA8 600 Hyacinthoides non- Apr-92 Bluebell scripta 75/012 Tanners Wood TL092014 WCA8 600 Hyacinthoides non- 31/05/2008 Bluebell scripta 75/018 Abbots Langley Churchyard TL094021 WCA8 1010 Hyacinthoides non- 23/06/1987 Bluebell scripta 75/036 Great Notley TL100031 WCA8 1970 Hyacinthoides non- 18/05/1978 Bluebell scripta 76/009 Albans Wood TL108007 WCA8 1140 Hyacinthoides non- 27/08/2000 Bluebell scripta 76/009 Albans Wood TL108007 WCA8 1140 Hyacinthoides non- 22/06/1987 Bluebell scripta 76/043 Little Notley TL100026 WCA8 1470 Hyacinthoides non- 18/06/1987 Bluebell scripta 76/044 Woodland E. of Leavesden Hospital TL105018 WCA8 990 Hyacinthoides non- 17/06/1987 Bluebell scripta 76/045 Bloom Wood TL113020 WCA8 1770 Hyacinthoides non- 04/07/2002 Bluebell scripta 76/048 Grove at Fortunes Farm TL112018 WCA8 1590 Hyacinthoides non- 18/06/1987 Bluebell scripta 76/048 Grove at Fortunes Farm TL112018 WCA8 1590 Hyacinthoides non- 04/07/1996 Bluebell scripta 76/113 Garston Manor Woodlands TL112015 WCA8 1490 Hyacinthoides non- 1987 - 1999 Bluebell scripta TL00Q Langleybury area TL00Q WCA8 Hyacinthoides non- 1987 - 1999 Bluebell scripta TL00R Kings Langley TL00R WCA8 Hyacinthoides non- 1987 - 1999 Bluebell scripta TL00V Abbots Langley TL00V WCA8 Hyacinthoides non- 1987 - 1999 Bluebell scripta TL00W Bedmond (west) TL00W WCA8 Hyacinthoides non- 1987 - 1999 Bluebell scripta TQ09Z Watford: The Grove area TQ09Z WCA8 Hyacinthoides non- 1987 - 1999 Bluebell scripta TQ19E North Watford TQ19E WCA8 Hyacinthoides non- 1987 - 1999 Bluebell scripta TL10A Garston area TL10A WCA8 Hyacinthoides non- 1987 - 1999 Bluebell scripta TL10B Bedmond (east) TL10B WCA8 Brown Hare Lepus europaeus 1985 TL00Q Sect.41 BAP-2007 Brown Hare Lepus europaeus 1985 TL00V Sect.41 BAP-2007 Brown Hare Lepus europaeus 1985 TL00W Sect.41 BAP-2007 Brown Hare Lepus europaeus 1985 TL10B Sect.41 BAP-2007 Brown Hare Lepus europaeus 1985 TQ09Z Sect.41 BAP-2007 West European Hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus 84/017 North Watford Cemetery 05/09/1996 TQ106997 Sect.41 BAP-2007 1680 West European Hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus TL00Q 1985 TL00Q Sect.41 BAP-2007 West European Hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus TL00R 1985 TL00R Sect.41 BAP-2007 West European Hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus TL00W 1985 TL00W Sect.41 BAP-2007 West European Hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus TL10B 1985 TL10B Sect.41 BAP-2007 West European Hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus TQ09Z 1985 TQ09Z Sect.41 BAP-2007 Common Grasshopper 18/04/2003 Warbler Locustella naevia TL00V Abbots Langley TL090015 Sect.41 BAP-2007 BRed 830 Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella TL00V Abbots Langley 01/04/2003 TL090015 Sect.41 BAP-2007 BRed Bern2 830 Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella TL00V Abbots Langley 24/11/2003 TL090015 Sect.41 BAP-2007 BRed Bern2 830 Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella TL00V Hunton Bridge. 23/07/2003 TL083006 Sect.41 BAP-2007 BRed Bern2 1550 Sky Lark Alauda arvensis 75/027 Abbots Langley Open Space 06/02/1995 TL093010 Sect.41 BRed 470 Leavesden Studios (former 01/07/2005 Sky Lark Alauda arvensis 75/030 Leavesden Aerodrome Aerodrome), southern section TL095003 Sect.41 BRed 890 Sky Lark Alauda arvensis TL00V Abbots Langley 01/05/2003 TL090015 Sect.41 BRed 830 Sky Lark Alauda arvensis TL00V Abbots Langley 24/11/2003 TL090015 Sect.41 BRed 830 Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata TQ09Z Leavesden Green, Watford 25/10/2003 TQ098999 Sect.41 BAP-2007 BAmb CMS_A2 1250 Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus TL00V Abbots Langley 17/01/2003 TL090015 Sect.41 BAP-2007 BRed CMS_A2 830 Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus TL00V Abbots Langley 18/01/2003 TL090015 Sect.41 BAP-2007 BRed CMS_A2 830 Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus TL00V Abbots Langley 25/01/2003 TL090015 Sect.41 BAP-2007 BRed CMS_A2 830 Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus TL00V Hunton Bridge. 01/05/2003 TL083006 Sect.41 BAP-2007 BRed CMS_A2 1550 Common Toad Bufo bufo TL00W 1985 TL00W Sect.41 BAP-2007 Common Toad Bufo bufo TL00W 1988 TL00W Sect.41 BAP-2007 Aug-01 Wall Lasiommata megera Watford TQ0999 Sect.41 BAP-2007 RLGB.Lr(NT) 06/09/2006 Small Heath Coenonympha pamphilus Leavesden Green TQ0999 Sect.41 BAP-2007 RLGB.Lr(NT) 16/08/2006 Small Heath Coenonympha pamphilus Leavesden Green TQ0999 Sect.41 BAP-2007 RLGB.Lr(NT) Sallow Xanthia icteritia 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2000 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Sallow Xanthia icteritia 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 23/09/2000 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Powdered Quaker Orthosia gracilis 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 24/04/2002 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 1995 Shoulder-striped Wainscot Mythimna comma 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 1997 Shoulder-striped Wainscot Mythimna comma 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007

1995 Herts Threat Broom Moth Melanchra pisi 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M) Dot Moth Melanchra persicariae 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2001 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Small Square-spot Diarsia rubi 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2000 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Small Square-spot Diarsia rubi 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2001 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Small Square-spot Diarsia rubi 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2002 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Small Square-spot Diarsia rubi 20 Hertfordshire Hunton Bridge, Watford 22/08/2000 TQ0899 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Small Square-spot Diarsia rubi 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 1995 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Mottled Rustic Caradrina morpheus 20 Hertfordshire Garston 1999 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Mottled Rustic Caradrina morpheus 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2002 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Mottled Rustic Caradrina morpheus 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 1996 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Mottled Rustic Caradrina morpheus 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2001 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Centre-barred Sallow Atethmia centrago 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 1998 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Centre-barred Sallow Atethmia centrago 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2000 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Deep-brown Dart Aporophyla lutulenta 20 Hertfordshire Garston 1999 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Large Nutmeg Apamea anceps 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 1996 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 1997 Mouse Moth Amphipyra tragopoginis 20 Hertfordshire M1 Motorway subway TL1102 Sect.41 BAP-2007 1995 Mouse Moth Amphipyra tragopoginis 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 1997 Mouse Moth Amphipyra tragopoginis 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 1998 Mouse Moth Amphipyra tragopoginis 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 2000 Mouse Moth Amphipyra tragopoginis 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 1999 Mouse Moth Amphipyra tragopoginis 20 Hertfordshire Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Ear Moth Amphipoea oculea 20 Hertfordshire Garston 1999 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Ear Moth Amphipoea oculea 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 1997 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Beaded Chestnut Agrochola lychnidis 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 1997 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007

1996 Herts Threat Brown-spot Pinion Agrochola litura 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M) Knot Grass Acronicta rumicis 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 06/08/2002 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Knot Grass Acronicta rumicis 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2001 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Knot Grass Acronicta rumicis 20 Hertfordshire Garston 1999 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Knot Grass Acronicta rumicis 20 Hertfordshire Garston 26/09/2006 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 White-letter Hairstreak Satyrium w-album Herts 07/07/1995 TL082004 Sect.41 BAP-2007 RLGB.EN 1720 White-letter Hairstreak Satyrium w-album Herts 07/07/1995 TQ084998 Sect.41 BAP-2007 RLGB.EN 1910 White-letter Hairstreak Satyrium w-album 84/017 North Watford Cemetery 15/07/2006 TQ1099 Sect.41 BAP-2007 RLGB.EN White-letter Hairstreak Satyrium w-album Garston 23/06/2009 TL1101 Sect.41 BAP-2007 RLGB.EN White-letter Hairstreak Satyrium w-album "Gallows Hill, Abbots Langley" 08/07/2006 TL0801 Sect.41 BAP-2007 RLGB.EN

1995 Herts Threat Lackey Malacosoma neustria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M)

2000 Herts Threat Lackey Malacosoma neustria 20 Hertfordshire Watford TQ1199 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M)

1997 Herts Threat Lackey Malacosoma neustria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M)

1998 Herts Threat Lackey Malacosoma neustria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M)

2001 Herts Threat Lackey Malacosoma neustria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M)

2002 Herts Threat Lackey Malacosoma neustria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M)

1999 Herts Threat Lackey Malacosoma neustria 20 Hertfordshire Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M) Ghost Moth Hepialus humuli 20 Hertfordshire Herts unlocated 19/06/2002 TL0903 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Blood-Vein Timandra comae 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2001 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Blood-Vein Timandra comae 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2002 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007

Scotopteryx 06/08/2006 Herts Threat Shaded Broad-bar chenopodiata 20 Hertfordshire Abbots Langley TL0900 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M)

Scotopteryx 09/07/2001 Herts Threat Shaded Broad-bar chenopodiata 20 Hertfordshire Garston TL1101 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M)

Scotopteryx 20/07/2001 Herts Threat Shaded Broad-bar chenopodiata 75/021 St Paul's Churchyard, Langleybury Langleybury Church TL0800 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M) Scotopteryx 17/06/2003 Herts Threat Shaded Broad-bar chenopodiata 20 Hertfordshire Waterdale area TL1102 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M)

Scotopteryx 1995 Herts Threat Shaded Broad-bar chenopodiata 20 Hertfordshire M1 Motorway subway TL1102 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M)

Scotopteryx 26/07/1998 Herts Threat Shaded Broad-bar chenopodiata 20 Hertfordshire M1 Motorway subway TL1102 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M)

2000 Herts Threat Brindled Beauty Lycia hirtaria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M)

2001 Herts Threat Brindled Beauty Lycia hirtaria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M)

2002 Herts Threat Brindled Beauty Lycia hirtaria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M)

2003 Herts Threat Brindled Beauty Lycia hirtaria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M)

1996 Herts Threat Brindled Beauty Lycia hirtaria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M)

1997 Herts Threat Brindled Beauty Lycia hirtaria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M)

1999 Herts Threat Brindled Beauty Lycia hirtaria 20 Hertfordshire Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 3 (M) Herts Vul 2 2001 Spinach Eulithis mellinata 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 (M) August Thorn Ennomos quercinaria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 13/08/2002 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 August Thorn Ennomos quercinaria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 15/07/2002 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Dusky Thorn Ennomos fuscantaria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2000 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Dusky Thorn Ennomos fuscantaria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2001 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Dusky Thorn Ennomos fuscantaria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2002 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Small Phoenix Ecliptopera silaceata 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 1998 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Oak Hook-tip Watsonalla binaria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 1996 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Oak Hook-tip Watsonalla binaria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 1997 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Oak Hook-tip Watsonalla binaria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 1998 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Oak Hook-tip Watsonalla binaria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2000 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Oak Hook-tip Watsonalla binaria 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2002 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Oak Hook-tip Watsonalla binaria 20 Hertfordshire Garston 1999 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Herts 1931 White-spotted Sable Anania funebris 20 Hertfordshire Bricket Wood TL10 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Na Extinct (M) Herts 1902 White-spotted Sable Anania funebris 20 Hertfordshire St Albans TL10 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Na Extinct (M) Cinnabar Tyria jacobaeae 76/042 Stowes Wood Stowes Wood, Bedmond 1997 TL1002 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Cinnabar Tyria jacobaeae 20 Hertfordshire Waterdale area 17/06/2003 TL1102 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Cinnabar Tyria jacobaeae 20 Hertfordshire Potters Crouch 1997 TL1003 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Cinnabar Tyria jacobaeae 20 Hertfordshire Garston 10/06/2006 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Cinnabar Tyria jacobaeae 20 Hertfordshire Garston 2000 TL1101 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Cinnabar Tyria jacobaeae 20 Hertfordshire Garston 28/07/1993 TL1101 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Cinnabar Tyria jacobaeae 20 Hertfordshire Hunton Bridge 21/06/1995 TQ0899 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Cinnabar Tyria jacobaeae 20 Hertfordshire Hunton Bridge, Watford 2000 TQ0899 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Cinnabar Tyria jacobaeae 20 Hertfordshire Garston 09/07/2001 TL1101 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Buff Ermine Spilosoma luteum 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 1995 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Buff Ermine Spilosoma luteum 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2000 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Buff Ermine Spilosoma luteum 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2001 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Buff Ermine Spilosoma luteum 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2002 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Buff Ermine Spilosoma luteum 20 Hertfordshire Garston 1999 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Buff Ermine Spilosoma luteum 20 Hertfordshire Herts unlocated 19/06/2002 TL0802 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Buff Ermine Spilosoma luteum 20 Hertfordshire Hunton Bridge, Watford 2000 TQ0899 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Buff Ermine Spilosoma luteum 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 15/06/2002 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 White Ermine Spilosoma lubricipeda 20 Hertfordshire Garston 1999 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 White Ermine Spilosoma lubricipeda 20 Hertfordshire Herts unlocated 16/05/2002 TL0802 Sect.41 BAP-2007 White Ermine Spilosoma lubricipeda 20 Hertfordshire Herts unlocated 17/06/2002 TQ1199 Sect.41 BAP-2007 White Ermine Spilosoma lubricipeda 20 Hertfordshire Hunton Bridge 24/05/1995 TQ0899 Sect.41 BAP-2007 White Ermine Spilosoma lubricipeda 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 15/06/2002 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 White Ermine Spilosoma lubricipeda 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 1995 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 White Ermine Spilosoma lubricipeda 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 1998 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 White Ermine Spilosoma lubricipeda 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2000 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 White Ermine Spilosoma lubricipeda 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2001 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 White Ermine Spilosoma lubricipeda 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2002 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 White Ermine Spilosoma lubricipeda 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston 2003 TL1100 Sect.41 BAP-2007 Song Thrush Turdus philomelos TL00V Abbots Langley 15/05/2003 TL090015 LBAP BRed 830 Green Woodpecker Picus viridis 75/027 Abbots Langley Open Space 06/02/1995 TL093010 BAmb Bern2 470 Mistle Thrush Turdus viscivorus TQ09Z Leavesden Green, Watford 19/07/2003 TQ098999 BAmb 1250 Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris TL00V Abbots Langley 15/04/2003 TL090015 BRed 830 Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea TL00V Hunton Bridge. 15/05/2003 TL083006 BAmb Bern2 1550 Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis TQ09Z Leavesden Green, Watford 19/07/2003 TQ098999 BAmb Bern2 1250 Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis TQ09Z Leavesden Green, Watford 31/05/2003 TQ098999 BAmb Bern2 1250 Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis TL00V Abbots Langley 07/01/2003 TL090015 BAmb Bern2 830 Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis TL00V Abbots Langley 18/01/2003 TL090015 BAmb Bern2 830 House Martin Delichon urbicum TL00V Abbots Langley 01/05/2003 TL090015 BAmb Bern2 830 Common Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula TL00V Abbots Langley 07/12/2003 TL090015 BAmb 830 Common Linnet Carduelis cannabina TL00V Abbots Langley 07/12/2003 TL090015 BRed Bern2 830 Common Linnet Carduelis cannabina TL00V Abbots Langley 18/10/2003 TL090015 BRed Bern2 830 Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus 75/027 Abbots Langley Open Space 06/02/1995 TL093010 BAmb Bern2, CMS_A2 470 Chroicocephalus 20/06/2003 Black-headed Gull ridibundus TQ09Z Leavesden Green, Watford TQ098999 BAmb 1250 European Golden Plover Pluvialis apricaria TL00V Abbots Langley 12/01/2003 TL090015 BAmb BD1, CMS_A2 830 1989 - 1990 Common Cudweed Filago vulgaris TL10B Bedmond (east) TL10B RLGB.Lr(NT) 1992 Henbane Hyoscyamus niger TL00V Hunton Bridge: footpath in rape field TL085003 RLGB.VU 1510 Corn Spurrey Spergula arvensis TL00R Kings Langley 1992 TL00R RLGB.VU 1992 Dwarf Spurge Euphorbia exigua TL00Q Langleybury area TL00Q RLGB.Lr(NT) 1992 Dwarf Spurge Euphorbia exigua TL00R Kings Langley TL00R RLGB.Lr(NT) 1993 Dwarf Spurge Euphorbia exigua TL00W Numbers Farm TL00W RLGB.Lr(NT) 1997 Dwarf Spurge Euphorbia exigua TL10B Bedmond (east) TL10B RLGB.Lr(NT) Herts 1902 Large Clouded Knot-horn Homoeosoma nebulella 20 Hertfordshire St Albans TL10 Nb Extinct (M) Herts 1937 Translucent Pearl Paratalanta hyalinalis 20 Hertfordshire Hemel Hempstead TL00 Nb Extinct (M) 1992 Dittander Lepidium latifolium TL00Q Kings Langley: by Grand Union Canal TL078015 NS 1980 15/07/1992 Dittander Lepidium latifolium TQ09Z Near The Grove: by Grand Union Canal TQ0899 NS Dittander Lepidium latifolium TQ09Z The Grove area 1991 TQ09Z NS Little Owl Athene noctua TQ09Z Leavesden Green, Watford 30/06/2003 TQ098999 Bern2 1250 05/04/2003 Great Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos major TQ09Z Leavesden Green, Watford TQ098999 Bern2 1250 31/05/2003 Great Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos major TQ09Z Leavesden Green, Watford TQ098999 Bern2 1250 Wood Nuthatch Sitta europaea TL00V Abbots Langley 01/05/2003 TL090015 Bern2 830 Wood Nuthatch Sitta europaea TL00V Hunton Bridge. 01/05/2003 TL083006 Bern2 1550 Wood Nuthatch Sitta europaea TQ09Z Leavesden Green, Watford 30/05/2003 TQ098999 Bern2 1250 Stonechat Saxicola torquata TL00V Abbots Langley 07/01/2003 TL090015 Bern2 830 Stonechat Saxicola torquata TL00V Abbots Langley 07/12/2003 TL090015 Bern2 830 Stonechat Saxicola torquata TL00V Abbots Langley 18/01/2003 TL090015 Bern2 830 Stonechat Saxicola torquata TL00V Abbots Langley 28/12/2003 TL090015 Bern2 830 Stonechat Saxicola torquata TL00V Abbots Langley 02/02/2003 TL090015 Bern2 830 Stonechat Saxicola torquata TL00V Abbots Langley 02/02/2003 TL090015 Bern2 830 Goldcrest Regulus regulus TL00V Abbots Langley 01/05/2003 TL090015 Bern2 830 Goldcrest Regulus regulus TL00V Hunton Bridge. 01/05/2003 TL083006 Bern2 1550 Bohemian Waxwing Bombycilla garrulus TQ09Z Leavesden Green, Watford 23/12/2003 TQ098999 Bern2 1250 Bohemian Waxwing Bombycilla garrulus TQ09Z Leavesden Green, Watford 25/12/2003 TQ098999 Bern2 1250 Bohemian Waxwing Bombycilla garrulus TQ09Z Leavesden Green, Watford 25/12/2003 TQ098999 Bern2 1250 Herts 1929 Plain Smudge Ypsolopha lucella 20 Hertfordshire Bricket Wood TL10 Extinct (M) Herts Rare 1970 Brown Pine Ermel Cedestis subfasciella 20 Hertfordshire St Albans TL10 (M) Herts 29/08/1964 Pigmy Y Piercer Pammene populana 20 Hertfordshire Bricket Wood TL1101 Extinct (M) Herts 1931 Woodland Marble Orthotaenia undulana 20 Hertfordshire Bricket Wood TL10 Extinct (M) Eucosmomorpha Herts 1937 Honeysuckle Bell albersana 20 Hertfordshire Bricket Wood TL10 Extinct (M) Herts 1937 Dark Aspen Bell Epinotia maculana 20 Hertfordshire Bricket Wood TL10 Extinct (M) Endothenia Herts 12/08/1968 Blotched Marble quadrimaculana 20 Hertfordshire Borehamwood TQ19 Extinct (M) Herts Rare 1929 Sallow-shoot Piercer Cydia servillana 20 Hertfordshire Bricket Wood TL10 (M) Herts 1901 Hemp-agrimony Conch Cochylidia rupicola 20 Hertfordshire St Albans TL10 Extinct (M) Herts Rare 1901 Forest Twist Choristoneura diversana 20 Hertfordshire St Albans TL10 (M) Herts Rare 1901 Rose Tortrix Archips rosana 20 Hertfordshire St Albans TL10 (M) Herts Rare 1937 Lichen Button Acleris literana 20 Hertfordshire Bricket Wood TL10 (M) Herts 1901 White-speckled Clothes Nemapogon wolffiella 20 Hertfordshire St. Albans TL10 Extinct (M) Herts End 2 1901 Copper Owlet Scythris crassiuscula 20 Hertfordshire St. Albans TL10 (M) Herts Rare 1897 Beautiful Knot-horn Pempelia formosa 20 Hertfordshire Watford TQ19 (M) Pterophorus Herts 1904 Spotted White Plume galactodactyla 20 Hertfordshire St Albans TL10 Extinct (M) Herts Vul 1 1901 Common Tubic Alabonia geoffrella 20 Hertfordshire Bricket Wood TL1102 (M) Herts 1900 Northern Drab Orthosia opima 20 Hertfordshire Herts TQ09 Extinct (M) Herts 1899 Blossom Underwing Orthosia miniosa 20 Hertfordshire Watford TQ19 Extinct (M) Herts Vul 2 15/08/2001 Gothic Naenia typica 20 Hertfordshire Garston - in subway TL1100 (M) Herts Vul 2 1998 Gothic Naenia typica 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 (M) Herts 1901 Double-line Mythimna turca 20 Hertfordshire Bricket Wood TL10 Extinct (M) Herts End 2 12/08/1963 Butterbur Hydraecia petasitis 20 Hertfordshire Mill Lane, Watford TQ19 (M) Herts End 4 30/07/1966 Gorse Midget Phyllonorycter ulicicolella 20 Hertfordshire Borehamwood TQ19 (M)

1937 Herts Threat Scarce Tissue Rheumaptera cervinalis 20 Hertfordshire Watford TQ1199 1 (M) Herts 1937 Autumn Green Carpet Chloroclysta miata 20 Hertfordshire Watford TQ1199 Extinct (M) Herts End 4 24/04/1970 Potato Tuber Moth Phthorimaea operculella 20 Hertfordshire Borehamwood TQ19 (M) Herts 1901 Small Crest Anarsia spartiella 20 Hertfordshire Bricket Wood TL10 Extinct (M) Herts Rare 1931 Angelica Flat-body Agonopterix angelicella 20 Hertfordshire Bricket Wood TL1102 (M) Herts Vul 2 1902 Pale Straw Pearl Udea lutealis 20 Hertfordshire St Albans TL10 (M) Herts Vul 2 1902 Pale Straw Pearl Udea lutealis 20 Hertfordshire Bricket Wood TL10 (M)

1901 Herts Threat Scarce Water-veneer Donacaula mucronellus 20 Hertfordshire Watford TQ19 1 (M)

2001 Herts Threat Pale Water-veneer Donacaula forficella 20 Hertfordshire Kytes Drive, Garston TL1100 1 (M) 1897 Herts Threat Pale Water-veneer Donacaula forficella 20 Hertfordshire Watford TQ19 1 (M) Herts 1937 Muslin Footman Nudaria mundana 20 Hertfordshire Chorleywood TQ09 Extinct (M) Saw-wort Serratula tinctoria 75/012 Tanners Wood 06/06/2006 TL092014 Herts Rare 600 Alder Buckthorn Frangula alnus TQ19E Harebreaks Wood & Long Spring 11/05/2005 TQ101993 Herts Rare 1880 1992 Perfoliate Pondweed Potamogeton perfoliatus TL00Q Near Kings Langley: Grand Union Canal TL079014 Herts RareQ 1870