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A Revision of the New World Species of Donacaula Meyrick and a Phylogenetic Analysis of Related Schoenobiinae (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

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A Revision of the New World Species of Donacaula Meyrick and a Phylogenetic Analysis of Related Schoenobiinae (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Mississippi State University Scholars Junction Theses and Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 1-1-2010 A Revision Of The New World Species Of Donacaula Meyrick And A Phylogenetic Analysis Of Related Schoenobiinae (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Edda Lis Martinez Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/td Recommended Citation Martinez, Edda Lis, "A Revision Of The New World Species Of Donacaula Meyrick And A Phylogenetic Analysis Of Related Schoenobiinae (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)" (2010). Theses and Dissertations. 248. https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/td/248 This Dissertation - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Scholars Junction. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholars Junction. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A REVISION OF THE NEW WORLD SPECIES OF DONACAULA MEYRICK AND A PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF RELATED SCHOENOBIINAE (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE) By Edda Lis Martínez A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Mississippi State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Entomology in the Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Mississippi State, Mississippi December 2010 A REVISION OF THE NEW WORLD SPECIES OF DONACAULA MEYRICK AND PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF RELATED SCHOENOBIINAE (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE) By Edda Lis Martínez Approved: ______________________________ ______________________________ Richard L. Brown M. Alma Solis Professor of Entomology Adjunct Professor (Director of Dissertation) USDA-SEL, Beltsville, (Committee Member) ______________________________ ______________________________ Gerald T. Baker Gary N. Ervin Professor of Entomology Associate Professor of Biological (Committee Member) Sciences (Committee Member) _______________________________ ______________________________ Clarence H. Collison George Hopper Professor and Former Head, Interim Dean, College of Agriculture & Department of Entomology and Life Sciences of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Director of Graduate Studies Name: Edda Lis Martínez Date of degree: December 10, 2010 Institution: Mississippi State University Major Field: Entomology Major Professor: Dr. Richard L. Brown Title of Study: A REVISION OF THE NEW WORLD SPECIES OF DONACAULA MEYRICK AND A PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF RELATED SCHOENOBIINAE (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE). Pages in study: 234 Candidate for Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Phylogenetic relationships of 13 genera of Schoenobiinae (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) are postulated based on traditional characters of genitalia and wing venation and new characters of the descaled whole body. The phylogenetic analysis yielded one most-parsimonius tree (length 287 steps, CI= .36, RI= .62) that resulted in a monophyletic clade of all genera of Schoenobiinae examined. The monophyly of the Schoenobiinae is supported by a Bremer support value of five. Donacaula is not congeneric with the type-species of Schoenobius, S. gigantellus. The analysis confirms Lewvanich‘s hypothesis that Scirpophaga, Donacaula, Schoenobius, Catagela, and Helonastes are closely related. Based on this analysis, the New World genera appear to have originated in the Neotropical region with four independent dispersals to the Nearctic Region. The revision of Donacala resulted in recognition of 20 species that were previously described and descriptions of ten new species. Neotypes were designated for D. sordidella, D. unipunctella, D. tripunctella, D. dispersella, D. aquilella. Lectoypes were designated for D. albicostella, D. pallulella, D. immanis, D. pulverealis. Donacaula bicolorella was synonymized with D. roscidella, D. uniformella with D. albicostella, D. lanceolella with D. immanis, and D. amblyptepennis with D. longirostrella. Adults, wing venation, and genitalia of New World species of Donacaula are illustrated for the first time, and new distributional records are reported. A key to species, diagnoses, and photographs of imagoes and male and female genitalia are provided. Key Words: Pyraloidea, Nearctic, Neotropical, Australian, new genus, new species, distribution DEDICATION To my family — without their support and love the completion of this work would not have been possible. Especially to my husband, Wilfredo who has waited patiently while I finished this work and to my daughter Adriana, who makes me smile every time I was feeling stressed. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS A special thanks to Dr. Richard Brown for accepting me as a student, knowing that I did not have a background in systematics and taxonomy. His continued support, patience, encouragement, and supervision from the beginning to the end enabled me to develop and understand the science of systematics. Thanks to all the members of my committee, Dr. Alma Solis, Dr. Gerald Baker, Dr. Clarence Collison, and Dr. Gary Ervin, whose valuable comments contributed to this work. I especially thank Dr. Solis for facilitating loans of types from the The Natural History Museum, London and for answering many questions regarding type specimens. I give special thanks to Sangmi Lee for sharing her expertise with phylogenetic programs and to Joe MacGown for teaching me how to use photoshop and make illustrations. I thank all the collection managers and private collectors who entrusted me with their material: Kevin Tuck, Axel Hausmann, Brian Scholtens, Ron Leuschner, Jerry Powell, John Heppner, Jason Weintraub, David Wagner, John Rawlins, Bernard Landry, Marianne Horak, Mark Dreiling, John Hyatt, Charles Bird, Alma Solis, and Danny Shpeley. I thank Jean-François Landry for lending me specimens and all his help with the barcoding of Donacaula. I also thank Mark Metz, Jason Dombroskie, and Vazrick Nazari for their assistance. iii Thanks to my friend Margarita Coa and her family, Juan Silva and Yaneira Lara, for helping me to take care of Adriana. Without your help it would have been impossible to have completed this dissertation. Thanks to all my fellow graduate students and others who supported me and made my experience at Mississippi State University an unforgettable one. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION .................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................................. iii LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................... viii LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................... ix CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................1 REFERENCE CITED ..............................................................................................4 II. PHYLOGENETIC ANALISYS OF RELATED SCHOENOBIINAE ...................7 Introduction ..............................................................................................................7 Diagnostic characters of Schoenobiinae ............................................................7 Taxonomic History of the Schoenobiinae..........................................................8 Objectives ..........................................................................................................9 Material and Methods ............................................................................................10 Material examined ...........................................................................................10 Preparations of genitalia, wing venation, and whole body mounts .................11 Data management.............................................................................................12 Examination of characters................................................................................12 Phylogenetic analysis .......................................................................................13 Results and Discussion ..........................................................................................14 Analysis of morphological characters ..............................................................14 Synopsis of the New World and Australian Schoenobiinae ............................29 Schoenobiinae ............................................................................................29 A key to the genera of the New World Schoenobiinae ..............................33 Argyrostola Hampson ................................................................................34 Carectocultus Blanchard ............................................................................36 Leptosteges Warren ....................................................................................38 Leucargyra Hampson.................................................................................40 Rupela Walker ...........................................................................................42 Donacaula Meyrick ...................................................................................44 v Proschoenobius Munroe ............................................................................46 Schoenobius Duponchel .............................................................................48 Catagela Walker ........................................................................................50 Scirpophaga Treitschke .............................................................................53
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