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Bletchley Park and Our Talk on Motorsport 1894 -1939

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Bletchley Park and Our Talk on Motorsport 1894 -1939 HAYES MEN’S FELLOWSHIP Newsletter April 2020, edited by Allan Evison, HMF Honorary Secretary (Membership Enquiries: For more information on joining the Fellowship retired and semi-retired men can ring me for a friendly chat on 020 8402 7416, or please drop me an e-mail to [email protected]) CORONAVIRUS EXTRA 2 KEEPING IN TOUCH: The purpose of this mid-month Newsletter is to keep in touch with members of the Fellowship at a time when we are all social distancing and many will be self isolating. The Committee want to assure members that although there is little opportunity for face to face meetings at the moment, they have not been forgotten. Your Committee are happy to chat over the phone with any of you who may be feeling isolated at this difficult time. Their numbers are on your current Membership Card. Things to do: So far we have missed out on our planned Outing to Bletchley Park and our talk on Motorsport 1894 -1939. We are hoping to reschedule these activities but until then we want to give members a taste of what has been missed/what is to come and also some things you might want to do in the meantime. So this Newsletter has:- • Things to occupy us! - we also have a quiz and a few other suggestions for things we might all do in our enforced social distancing. (Page 2) • Outing - Bletchley Park – information and photos about activities there during WW11. (Page 4) • Talk - Motor Sport 1894 -1939 – this is a broad topic and for this Newsletter we just focus on the role played by the Brooklands Motor Racing Circuit over that period. (Page 9) If you have a contribution for the Things to do section let us know. Contributions will be gratefully received! Latest News Cancellations: The Kent & East Sussex Railway is now closed at least until the end of June so our planned outing on 17th June is the next casualty. Probably not the last, we shall update you in due course on our remaining programme for July and August. Refunds: The Treasurer reports that all members who had prepaid for the outings to Bletchley Park (March) and D-Day Story at Portsmouth (April) have received full refunds direct into their bank accounts. Revised Future Plans: As our Chairman advised in the previous Newsletter we have made a booking for Bletchley Park in October, possibly an escorted coach trip by City and Village Tours to West Sussex and Hampshire in September, and also a visit to the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge in November. Finally, Take care, especially in Social Distancing. Try to stay safe in these difficult days ahead, and healthy in body, mind and spirit. 1 Things to occupy us! Some gardens are wondering what has hit them as their owners have so much more time on their hands as they obey Government instructions to stay at home and in some cases self isolate. We are fortunate that there are so many wonderful things to occupy us during this period. Here is just a tiny selection with clickable links where available:- • National Theatre – Live streaming of a different performance each week - https://www.nationaltheatre.org.uk/nt-at-home • Shakespeare plays – Clips from the RSC at https://www.rsc.org.uk/education/teacher- resources/online-performances or at The show must go on - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KOAHj4ANGKw&t=3327s • Royal Opera House – Our house to your house series with regular changes - https://www.youtube.com/user/RoyalOperaHouse • Andrew Lloyd Webber Musicals – Regular weekly changes - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCdmPjhKMaXNNeCr1FjuMvag/featured • British Museum – Curators Corner videos which also change each week https://www.youtube.com/user/britishmuseum • Science Museum - Virtual tours etc https://www.youtube.com/user/sciencemuseum • National Trust – Regular podcasts available from the National Trust - https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/features/listen-to-podcasts-from-the-national-trust • Have you revisited your photo albums either to sort them out or to remind you of the times before lockdown?? • Have you sorted out your shed or your garage recently?? • Have you written down your own family memories or your family history?? London Underground Quiz Most of us have been on the London Underground many times, but how well do we remember the names of the various stations? Challenge yourself to identify them from these cryptic clues. Good luck LONDON UNDERGROUND QUIZ 1. Alpine home 2. Envious clergyman 3. Truthful tree 2 4. Angry Monarch 5. Double tower and drawbridge 6. For Royal Judges 7. Birdsong on the dock 8. Home for rabbits 9. He bashes metal 10. Oriental gammon 11. A chivalrous river crossing 12. Ascend Cathedral 13. Picnic area fit for Monarch 14. Ancient road 15. Stop at 1760 yards 16. She was not amused 17. Gabriel 18 Ideal location for seven bachelors 19 Do it yourself bridal headdress 20 Red rose entrance 21. In the hop county 22. Where the money Is 23. Blackboard material grown here 24. No acrobats at this university 25. Big gun road How did you get on?? See the foot of Page 11 for the answers 3 Bletchley Park Bletchley Park, once the top-secret home of the World War Two Codebreakers is now a vibrant heritage attraction. Storm clouds gather Codebreaking at Bletchley Park first took place in September 1938. On 18 September 1938, a small group of people moved into the Mansion under the cover story that they were a shooting party. They had an air of friends enjoying a relaxed weekend together at a country house. They even brought with them one of the best chefs from the Savoy Hotel to cook their food. Behind the cover were members of MI6 and the Government Code and Cypher School (GC & CS), a secret team including a number of scholars and academics turned Codebreakers. As tensions in Europe peaked, Admiral Sinclair, Director of GC & CS and SIS, had activated their War Station: Bletchley Park. The group’s job was to set up and run intelligence activity from Bletchley Park. They responded quickly, transmitting their first message at 6 pm on the day they arrived. As tensions eased, the War Station was stood down. The group returned to their London offices on 9 October. Cottage Industry Work began in the Mansion and its outbuildings, with a staff of around 150 people. As more and more people arrived to join the codebreaking operations, the various sections began to move into large pre-fabricated wooden huts set up on the lawns of the Park. For security reasons, the various sections were known only by their hut numbers. The first operational break into Enigma came around the 23 January 1940, when the team working under Dilly Knox, with the mathematicians John Jeffreys, Peter Twinn and Alan Turing, unravelled the German Army administrative key that became known at Bletchley Park as ‘The Green’. Encouraged by this success, the Codebreakers managed to crack the ‘Red’ key used by the Luftwaffe (German air force). In addition to German codes, Italian and later Japanese systems were also broken. Intelligence Factory Despite ever increasing numbers of staff, work in the ‘Huts’ continued. In October 1941 after receiving a letter from some of the senior codebreakers decrying the lack of resources being afforded them, Prime Minister Winston Churchill directed: ‘Make sure they have all they want extreme priority and report to me that this has been done.’ From that moment on Bletchley Park began receiving a huge influx of resources and a major building programme ensued to create the space to house the ever increasing workforce. Brick and concrete blocks were 4 built for staff, and Outstations created to house the growing number of ‘Bombe’ machines in use finding Enigma ‘Keys’. The Bombes were operated by Wrens, many of whom lived in requisitioned country houses such as Woburn Abbey. Codebreaking had been turned into an ‘industrial’ process. Impact and Legacy Bletchley Park was vital to Allied victory in World War Two. The Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) devised methods to enable the Allied forces to decipher the military codes and ciphers that secured German, Japanese, and other Axis nation’s communications. This produced vital intelligence in support of Allied military operations on land, at sea and in the air. Bletchley Park also heralded the birth of the information age with the industrialisation of the codebreaking processes enabled by machines such as the Turing/Welchman Bombe, and the world’s first electronic computer, Colossus. At the end of the War the expertise developed at Bletchley Park was taken forward in the organisation known now as the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ). This highly efficient intelligence-gathering machine is aided by the special relationship with America, the genesis of which came from collaboration at Bletchley Park. Today Bletchley Park is a heritage site designed to preserve the uniquely important story of these Codebreakers during WW2. Preserving Bletchley Park Codebreaking operations at Bletchley Park came to an end in 1946. After the war Bletchley Park became home to a variety of training schools: for teachers, Post Office workers, air traffic control system engineers, and members of GCHQ. In 1987, after a fifty-year association with British Intelligence, Bletchley Park was finally closed. There were moves to demolish the whole site in favour of housing development and a supermarket. In 1991 the Bletchley Archaeological and Historical Society formed a small committee with the aim of saving Bletchley Park in tribute to the remarkable people whose collective intellects changed the course of WW2, and so that the story could be kept alive for the education and enjoyment of future generations.
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