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A BRIEF PHOTOGRAPHIC OVERVIEW

NEW YORK

National Committee on American Foreign Policy 320 Park Ave 3rd Floor New York, NY 10022 2014

www.ncafp.org • 212-224-1120 [email protected] ICY NATIONAL COMMITTEE ON AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY ICY NATIONAL COMMITTEE ON AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY N OUR MISSION CONTENTS

Letter from the Chairman...... i The National Committee on American Foreign Policy (NCAFP) was founded in 1974 by Professor Hans J. Morgenthau and others. It is a nonprofit activist organization dedicated to the resolution of conflicts that threaten U.S. interests. Toward that end, the NCAFP identifies, articulates, and helps advance American foreign policy NCAFP Leaders...... 1 interests from a nonpartisan perspective within the framework of political realism. Hans Joachim Morgenthau...... 2

Six Principles of Political Realism...... 3 American foreign policy interests include: Birth of the National Committee on American Foreign Policy...... 4 • preserving and strengthening national security; George D. Schwab ...... 5 • supporting countries committed to the values and the practice of political, religious, and cultural pluralism;

• improving U.S. relations with the developed and developing worlds; Transatlantic Relations...... 7

• advancing human rights; The Middle East ...... 9 • encouraging realistic arms control agreements; William J. Flynn...... 11 • curbing the proliferation of nuclear and other unconventional weapons; and The Northern Ireland Peace Initiative...... 12 • promoting an open and global economy. Paul A. Volcker...... 14

An important part of the activity of the NCAFP is Believing that an informed public is vital to a Forum on Asia-Pacific Security...... 15 1 Track I /2 and Track II diplomacy. Such closed- democratic society, the National Committee offers door and off-the-record endeavors provide unique educational programs that address security Central Asia Caspian Sea Basin...... 19 opportunities for senior U.S. and foreign offcials, challenges facing the United States and offers a think tank experts, and scholars to engage in variety of publications, including its bimonthly Africa Program ...... 21 discussions designed to defuse conflict, build journal, American Foreign Policy Interests, that confidence, and resolve problems. present keen analyses of all aspects of American Cybersecurity...... 23 foreign policy. U.S. Security in the 21st Century Lecture Series ...... 24

21st Century Leaders Council ...... 26 American Foreign Policy Interests is an effective journal in the field of “foreign affairs — and little is more vital for the enigmatic future than Rich and Varied Programs ...... 28 clear-headed discussions of America’s role in the world. “ Awards ...... 32 NCAFP Supporters Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. LETTER FROM THE CHAIRMAN

Over the years, the NCAFP’s work has also included extensive projects relating to U.S. foreign policy interests in Transatlantic Relations, Central Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. The Committee has hosted successful confer- hen Professor Hans Morgenthau founded The National ences on these areas in New York, Washington and abroad, published its findings prolifically, and participated in Committee on American Foreign Policy (NCAFP) in 1974, as numerous fact-finding missions to Brussels, Belgium as well as to Astana and Almaty, Kazakhstan. an organization dedicated to promoting political realism in American foreign policy, he brought on board a young academic, Professor George Now, as the National Committee bids a fond farewell to George Schwab, I am honored to introduce his successor: Schwab.W Dr. Schwab often quips of how, one day, Morgenthau told him “I am the Ambassador Rosemary DiCarlo. Ambassador DiCarlo comes to us from a distinguished career in the Foreign i Chairman, but you will do the work.” Over the course of the next forty years, Mor- Service, culminating in her position as U.S. Deputy Permanent Representative to the United Nations, with the ii genthau’s prophecy came to fruition, as George Schwab devoted his distinguished rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary. Ambassador DiCarlo will continue the work of Dr. career to growing and shaping this institution. Schwab, but also lead the National Committee down new avenues to help keep it at the forefront of constructing informed foreign policy and scholarship. Almost from the start, the National Committee has followed two parallel approaches to reaching its foreign policy goals. First, as a forum for public programs, lectures and periodicals aimed at educating the public on key foreign What follows is a photographic ode to the accomplishments of the National Committee for the last forty years, and policy issues. Second, as an organizer and host for off-the-record Track 1½ and Track 2 diplomatic meetings a testament to the work of its founders and principals. Let us take the lessons learned from the events and individu- designed to ease tensions, mediate conflicts and solve problems. als depicted in the enclosed pages to forge a path that leads the NCAFP into another successful four decades.

In 1988, an important development occurred when Dr. Schwab met William J. Flynn, CEO of Mutual of America, who later moved the organization to its headquarters and became Chairman of the Board. Bill Flynn’s passionate commitment to achieving peace among the factions involved in the historic conflict in Northern Ireland spurred the organization into significant behind-the-scenes activity, including persuading President Clinton over the objections of the State Department to issue a 48-hour visa to Gerry Adams that would allow him to attend a confer- Grace Kennan Warnecke ence in New York with other major players. The National Committee spent the subsequent years as a crucial venue Chairman of the Board for meetings between Irish Republicans and Unionists; a testament to the work of George Schwab and Bill Flynn.

Beyond Northern Ireland, the National Committee’s work through the tenure of George Schwab grew to encom- pass a wide array of issues facing U.S. foreign policy. Since 1995, the NCAFP has come to host the Forum on Asia-Pacific Security (FAPS), directed by Professor Donald S. Zagoria, a leading organizer of Track 1½ and Track II meetings. FAPS is internationally acclaimed as a useful and productive forum for discussing topics ranging from bilateral relations between the U.S. and China; the means to strengthen regional alliances with Japan and South Korea; quadrilateral cooperation between the region’s major powers; improving cross-strait relations between China and Taiwan; and denuclearizing the Korean peninsula. No other foreign policy organization does a better job of leveraging its “ resources to simulate and inform the national debate on America’s role in the world. “ The Honorable Winston Lord Former U.S. Ambassador to China NCAFP LEADERS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The National Committee on American Foreign Policy thanks Sheila Johnson Mr. William J. Flynn, Chairman Prof. George D. Schwab, President Hon. Paul A. Volcker, Honorary Chairman Robbins, the George D. Schwab Family Fund, and the President’s (served from 1993 – 2014) (served from 1993 – 2014) Fund for supporting this publication. 1

Hon. Angier Biddle Duke, Former President Prof. Hans J. Morgenthau, Founder Hon. Francis L. Kellogg, Former President

Hon. George F. Kennan, Hon. Dr. Henry A. Kissinger, Hon. Arnold A. Saltzman, Former Honorary Chairman Former Honorary Chairman Former Honorary Chairman (photo courtesy Grace Kennan Warnecke) SIX PRINCIPLES OF POLITICAL REALISM BY HANS J. MORGENTHAU

1. Political realism believes that politics, like 4. Political realism is aware of the moral signifi-

Amb. Thomas R. Pickering on the The Hon. Martti Ahtisaari, former society in general, is governed by objective laws cance of political action. It is also aware of the Dr. Kissinger presenting the Hans J. Mor- From left: Ambassador Kennan, Dr. occasion of receiving the Hans president of Finland and Nobel Laure- genthau Award to Dr. Richard N. Haass, that have their roots in human nature. In order ineluctable tension between the moral command Schwab, and Dr. Kissinger Morgenthau Award president, Council on Foreign Relations ate, on the occasion of receiving the Morgenthau Award to improve society, it is first necessary to and the requirements of successful political understand the laws by which society lives. The action. And it is unwilling to gloss over and HANS JOACHIM MORGENTHAU FOUNDER (1904 – 1980) operation of these laws being impervious to our obliterate that tension and thus to obfuscate preferences, men will challenge them only at the both the moral and the political issue by mak- risk of failure. ing it appear as though the stark facts of politics were morally more satisfying than they actually Professor Morgenthau was born in Coburg, Germany, but left his homeland for Switzerland following 2. The main signpost that helps political are, and the moral law less exacting than it actu- Hitler’s accession to power in 1933. In Geneva, he did postgraduate work and completed his Ph.D. disserta- realism to find its way through the landscape of ally is. tion, which enabled him to teach at the university level. After spending time in Switzerland and Spain, he international politics is the concept of interest arrived in the United States in 1937, eventually becoming a professor at the University of Chicago. defined in terms of power. This concept provides 5. Political realism refuses to identify the moral the link between reason trying to understand aspirations of a particular nation with the moral 2 international politics and the facts to be under- laws that govern the universe. As it distinguishes 3 With the publication of his book, Politics Among Father of international relations studies and a stood. It sees politics as an autonomous sphere between truth and opinion, so it distinguishes be- Nations, in 1948, Hans Morgenthau established highly acclaimed academic interpreter of U.S. of action and understanding apart from other tween truth and idolatry. All nations are tempted himself as a founding father of the modern foreign policy, Morgenthau became a consultant spheres, such as economics (understood in terms — and few have been able to resist the tempta- realist school of thought in international rela- to the U.S. Department of State when George F. of interest defined as wealth), ethics, aesthetics, tion for long — to clothe their own particular tions theory and international law. In numerous Kennan headed its Planning Staff and was an or religion. Without such a concept, a theory aspirations and actions in the moral purposes of editions of this book and other publications, he adviser to Presidents Kennedy and Johnson. of politics, international or domestic, would be the universe. To know that nations are subject advanced the concept that sovereign states are altogether impossible, for without it we could not to the moral law is one thing, while to pretend to the critical actors in their interrelations. As such, Hans Morgenthau made the study of con- distinguish between political and nonpolitical know with certainty what is good and evil in the sovereign nations have interests that they must temporary international relations a major facts, nor could we bring at least a measure of relations among nations is quite another. There articulate and defend — especially as they define discipline. All of us who taught the subject af- systematic order to the political sphere. is a world of difference between the belief that interests in terms of power that override even ter him, however much we differed from one all nations stand under the judgment of God, moral and ethical considerations. another, had to start with his reflections. 3. Realism assumes that its key concept of inscrutable to the human mind, and the blasphe- —Dr. Henry A. Kissinger interest defined as power is an objective category mous conviction that God is always on one’s side which is universally valid, but it does not endow and that what one wills oneself cannot fail to be that concept with a meaning that is fixed once willed by God also. and for all. The idea of interest is, indeed, of the essence of politics and is unaffected by the 6. The difference, then, between political circumstances of time and place. Thucydides’ realism and other schools of thought is real, and statement, born of the experiences of ancient it is profound. However much the theory of Greece, that “identity of interests is the surest of political realism may have been misunderstood bonds whether between states or individuals” and misinterpreted, there is no gainsaying its was taken up in the nineteenth century by Lord distinctive intellectual and moral attitude to Salisbury’s remark that “the only bond of union matters political. that endures” among nations is “the absence of Secretary of State James A. Secretary of State George P. The Right Honourable Margaret Secretary of State Colin Powell being all clashing interests.” Baker III delivering accep- Shultz on the occasion of receiv- Thatcher addresses the NCAFP presented the Morgenthau Award by previous tance remarks on receiving ing the Morgenthau Award. The on the occasion of accepting the Morgenthau Award recipient Dr. Kissinger. the Morgenthau Award. presentation was made by Dr. Morgenthau Award. She spoke on Kissinger in the presence the special relationship of the two of Mrs. Shultz. sides of the Atlantic. Diplomacy without power is poetry, not politics. “ “ George Schwab BIRTH OF THE NATIONAL COMMITTEE ON AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY

Formed in 1974 to address and attempt to thwart over this so-called détente, necessitating the the Soviet Union’s aggressive push toward global development of an overarching strategic concept domination, the National Committee’s founders on how best to move forward in foreign affairs. initially focused on three issues: détente, the “Year In the early 1980s, a number of think tanks of Europe,” and Israel. in the United States — including the Council Dr. George Schwab with former Presi- dent Richard M. Nixon at President on Foreign Relations — Western Europe, and NCAFP trustee Hon. Nancy E. Soderberg with Nixon’s home in New Jersey Détente: In the realm of ideology, East-West Canada addressed that question. The NCAFP former President Bill Clinton and Dr. George Schwab tensions had diminished in Central Europe was the first to do so in 1980. following Chancellor Willy Brandt’s Ostpolitik. As confrontations in the Middle East and else- With the focus on the Soviet Union’s short-term GEORGE D. SCHWAB PRESIDENT (served from 1993 – 2014) where did not abate, the question was asked: Is policies but long-term strategy intact, the ques- détente divisible? The NCAFP answer was “no,” tion became how best to confront the Soviet and we materially contributed to derailing this challenge. Dr. Schwab articulated a unifying highly controversial so-called policy of détente. concept that he called “The Open Society Bloc.” A co-founder of the NCAFP in 1974, Dr. Schwab has served as its president since 1993. Addressing liberal democratic countries existen- In 1976, under Dr. Schwab’s editorship, the NCAFP began to publish the organization’s 4 “The Year of Europe”: Coined by Dr. Henry A. tially threatened by the Soviet Union, he called Newsletter. Subsequently it was renamed American Foreign Policy Interests, which 5 Kissinger in 1973, the intention was to reinvigo- for the synchronization of their defense policies. ultimately became a bimonthly journal with the same name. rate the relationship with our European friends Neutral countries could find ways to cooperate and allies that had been neglected while the with the bloc, while authoritarian countries, not Dr. Schwab earned his Ph.D. from Columbia University. His teaching career began at United States focused on Southeast Asia, the enchanted by Soviet Russia, might wish to gravi- Columbia, later moved to The City University of New York (City College [his alma mater] and Yom Kippur War, the Arab oil embargo, and tate toward the bloc without entering it but still Graduate Center). He is now Professor Emeritus. widespread anti-American sentiment in Europe. be able to participate in the common defense. The NCAFP vigorously supported this endeavor. Author, editor, and translator of numerous books and articles, his book, The Challenge of the Exception: An Introduction to the Political Ideas of Carl Schmitt between 1921 and 1936, has been THE NATIONAL COMMITTEE AT WORK translated into Chinese, Japanese, and Italian. This scholarly work on the controversial yet semi- Israel: The NCAFP took a strong position on In 1980, upon the death of Dr. Morgenthau, Dr. nal German constitutional, legal, and political theorist was the first study to appear in English. It U.S. policy toward Israel, a stable and like- Schwab took up the intellectual leadership and sparked the burgeoning of Schmitt studies in the English-speaking world and beyond. minded country whose values were akin to those continued following the path of Morgenthau’s of the United States. Further, the country’s political realism, which promoted U.S. interests Following the death of Professor Morgenthau in 1980, it fell on the shoulders of Dr. Schwab to military capabilities, as demonstrated by how and values by means other than war. According guide the NCAFP’s course in the path set by Professor Morgenthau. A letter addressed to Dr. its defense forces had recently soundly defeated to Morgenthau, “Diplomacy is the best means Schwab by the NCAFP’s Honorary Chairman, Ambassador George F. Kennan, stated, “Let me Soviet-supported Arab aggressors, made Israel a of preserving peace which a society of sovereign take this occasion to express once more my admiration for the way the Committee has pursued its natural and strategic ally of the United States in nations has to offer.” this unpredictable part of the world. chartered task and for the success it has had in that effort.” The collapse of the Soviet Union and its empire For Dr. Schwab’s achievements, he was awarded the Order of the Three Stars of Latvia in 2002. in the early 1990s shattered the bipolar politics THE OPEN SOCIETY BLOC The Ellis Island Medal of Honor, which recognizes outstanding contributions to our nation, was The disarray in our foreign policy was, in part, that had characterized the decades of the Cold awarded to Dr. Schwab in 1998. due to this so-called policy of détente and War. A multi-polar world of sovereign states domestic turmoil — Vietnam, Watergate, emerged, all with distinct national security Cambodia, student unrest, race riots, and much interests. more. Western European countries were at odds GEORGE SCHWAB with: TRANSATLANTIC RELATIONS (TR)

Originally under the guidance of the late Viola The NCAFP strenuously opposed the Herms Drath followed by the leadership of Dr. dismantling of NATO. In fact, the NCAFP Bernard E. Brown, and, more recently, with the argued that U.S. national security interests assistance of Ambassador Donald M. Blinken, would best be served by the enlargement of the initial policy aim of the TR program follow- NATO to include Poland, the Baltic States, and Dr. Henry Kissinger and Professor Elie Wiesel, a recipient of the NCAFP’s Humanitarian and Peace Award ing the collapse of the Soviet Union was to sup- Hungary, among other European countries. Secretary of State port U.S. endeavors to promote common values Further, the NCAFP went on record on the need Colin L. Powell, a Hans Mrs. Michelle Obama at J. Morgenthau honoree, and strengthen political, economic, and cultural for NATO to be strengthened for it to be able to The White House at the Department of State ties with former Soviet republics and former confront new threats emanating from Warsaw Pact nations. In the face of the new out-of-area regions. Finally, the NCAFP ex- political reality, and despite uncertainty about pressed concern about the unwillingness of nuclear Russia’s course in the global arena of many NATO countries to properly fund NATO politics, an argument advanced was that NATO requirements, including support for research had lost its raison d’être and should be dissolved. and development projects. 6 7 President Vaira Vike- From left: Ambassador Freiberga of Latvia on the Kurt Volker, Prof. Giuseppe occasion of addressing the Ammendola, and Edward NCAFP on “Putin’s Russia Goldberg and the Near-Abroad as Viewed from the Bal- tic States.” She has also presented a photograph of herself to Dr. Schwab.

Senator Ted Kennedy

From left: Amb. Donald M. Blinken, Dr. Bernard E. Brown, and Dr. Nancy Walbridge Collins, 21st Century Leader Award recipient, at a roundtable conference on “NATO: A Realistic View” and on the “Euro Crisis and Its Implications”

Hon. Kofi Annan, former Secretary- From left: Ambassador Herman Cohen, Mr. Jacob Funk Kirkegaard, General of the United Nations and Ambassador Robert E. Hunter at a roundtable discussion on “Transatlantic Relations: The Crisis” TRANSATLANTIC RELATIONS THE MIDDLE EAST (ME)

To better understand how best to advance U.S. programs, economic aid and investments, and national security interests in the volatile Arab humanitarian assistance. For this approach to Middle East, the NCAFP, under the guidance succeed, one of the conclusions reached was that of the late Ambassador Fereydoun Hoveyda, Arab Muslim women would need to be mobi- embarked on a study in the 1990s of the Arab lized to spearhead that transformation.

Lt. Gen. (Ret.) Brent Scowcroft speak- Muslim mindset. In addition to U.S. scholars, Gen. Wesley K. Clark, Sr. address- Ambassador Richard C. Holbrooke speaking on “Bosnia: Why America ing on “NATO, the United States and ing the NCAFP on the relevance Is Necessary” —an Angier Biddle Duke Lecture intellectuals and journalists of the region were Under Ambassador Hoveyda’s directorship, the of NATO Europe in the Post-Cold War World”—an Angier Biddle Duke Lecture also invited to participate in the investigation. NCAFP also focused on regional issues affecting Participants included, among others, Profes- immediate U.S. security interests. This focus was G. L. Ulmen and Viola Herms Drath, recipient of the William J. Flynn Initiative for sors Ali Banuazizi, Peter Chelkowski, Bernard continued by NCAFP senior fellow Amir Taheri. Peace Award, following a policy briefing Haykel, Walid Phares, as well as Irshad Manji, In the recent past, policy recommendations the Mona Eltahawi, Ghida Fakhry, and Amir Ta- NCAFP has advanced include promoting values heri. Conclusions reached and disseminated in the United States cherishes; supporting countries NCAFP publications and the media include that that are well-disposed toward U.S. security inter- for so long as the mindset of Arab Muslims re- ests; preventing the emergence of a hegemon in 8 mains anchored in the Middle Ages, no genuine the region; safeguarding the freedom of naviga- 9 peace can come to fruition between Arab Islam tion; preventing Iran from developing a nuclear and the West. weapons capability; preventing the proliferation of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons; Hence, the NCAFP went on record as recom- destroying ISIS and al-Qaeda–linked forces; and mending the need for reforming that mindset promoting a peaceful two-state resolution of the — bringing it into the twentieth century. This Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Because of material long-term process is to be accomplished by advances in technology, the hard power recom- Roundtable discussion on the “Eurozone Crisis: Is the Union at Risk?” From left: Dr. Christiane Lemke, Joseph materially expanding and deepening U.S. soft mendations may be achieved without always Quinlan, Nicholas Veron, and Dr. Irene Finel-Honigman power, including cultural and student exchange committing boots on the ground.

Amb. Frank Wisner briefing the NCAFP on implications of the Arab Spring.

Former Foreign Minister of Israel Abba Eban on the occasion of addressing the NCAFP at its an- His Majesty King Hussein on the occasion nual dinner. He is flanked by Solan (L) and of receiving the Morgenthau Award Amir Taheri Clarence Schwab.

Raghida Dergham of Al Hayat and At a recent NCAFP Amir Taheri at a roundtable confer- annual dinner, Gen. ence on “The United States and a David H. Petraeus Changing Middle East” (L) spoke about the Middle East with George Schwab.

A roundtable on transatlantic relations at work WILLIAM J. FLYNN with: THE MIDDLE EAST

British Ambassador Sir Nigel Sheinwald on the occasion of Mr. Tony Blair, former prime minister Cardinal Edward Egan Flynn receiving an honorary Commander of the Most Excellent of the United Kingdom Order of the Empire at the command Queen Elizabeth II

Joan Peters H.E. Mr. Mohammed A. Abulhasan of Kuwait and Amb. Francis WILLIAM J. FLYNN CHAIRMAN makes a point. Kellogg at a briefing with the NCAFP on the eve of the U.S. (served from 1993 – 2014) invasion of Kuwait Born in New York City, William Flynn graduated from Cathedral College of the Immaculate Conception and earned his M.A. in economics from Fordham University. He joined Mutual of America in 1971, and, in 2005, he was A Salon event at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Bialkin. From left: Prof. Michael Curtis, Kenneth J. named chairman emeritus. In 1994, he was named by the Life Insurance Council of New York as the Bialkin, Esq., and AmirTaheri most outstanding CEO of the life insurance industry for the past 25 years.

William Flynn’s devotion to and recognition by Under his guidance, the NCAFP became mate- the Irish community are legendary. In 1994, he rially engaged in helping to resolve the conflict 1 was named “Irish American of the Year” by Irish in Northern Ireland. At Track I /2 and Track II 10 America Magazine; in 2008, the Irish America meetings in New York, Belfast, Dublin, and Lon- 11 Heritage Series devoted an entire issue to his life don, he succeeded in bringing key players in the and accomplishments. conflict to the table where, in the words of Gerry Adams, head of Sinn Fein, they outlined “their Introduced to Dr. George D. Schwab by Dr. respective views and set out their way forward.” Carol Rittner of the Sisters of Mercy at a conference of Nobel laureates organized by President For his extraordinary contributions to the peace François Mitterand and Professor Elie Wiesel at process, Mr. Flynn, as noted, was awarded an the Elysée Palace in Paris in 1988, he expressed honorary Commander of the Most Excellent interest in the work of the National Committee. Order of the British Empire in 2009. The Back in New York, he became a member and, in NCAFP has honored him by establishing The A recent roundtable conference on the greater Middle East. From left: Kenneth Bialkin, Judith 1993, the Committee’s chairman. William J. Flynn Initiative for Peace Award and Miller, Hassan Dai, and Ann Phillips by making him the first recipient of this award.

Senator Ted Kennedy The Hon. George J. Mitchell as he receives the William J. Flynn Initiative for Peace Award

Taoiseach Arnold Reynolds of Ireland in Dublin

From left: Diane Aramony, William K. Flynn, The Hon. Dr. Kissinger and Frances Hesselbein THE NORTHERN IRELAND PEACE INITIATIVE THE NORTHERN IRELAND PEACE INITIATIVE

Gerry Adams (head of Sinn Fein) David Ervine (head of the Progress- John Hume (Social Democratic and Labour Party) addressing a stunned NCAFP audi- ive Unionist Party) addressing addressing the same Waldorf-Astoria audience ence at the Waldorf-Astoria the NCAFP

12 13

Following a roundtable discussion, from left: William Flynn, The Right Honourable Dr. Marjorie Mowlam on the occasion Rev. Ian Paisley (founder of the Democratic Unionist Party), Dr. of receiving the William J. Flynn Initiative for Peace Award. She is Frances Degen Horowitz (President, Graduate Center, CUNY), flanked by the Hon. Hugh L. Carey (L), fellow William J. Flynn Initia- Professor Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. Angier Biddle Duke, and George Schwab tive for Peace Award recipient, and Thomas J. Moran. (dean of American historians) and William J. Flynn (from left): John Hume, George Schwab, Gerry Adams and Gerry Adams

In the early and mid-1990s, convinced that Accordingly, the NCAFP early in 1994 began Loyalist panel discussion, 1 from left: William Hutchin- Edwina McMahon and 2 Britain, our closest ally in Europe, would not Track I / and Track II initiatives and public son (Progressive Unionist Martin McGuinness for long be able to fulfill its commitments where diplomacy programs that involved all parties to Party), Joseph English (Ulster Democratic Party), William they paralleled ours in relation to NATO, the the conflict. At meetings in the drawn-out peace Flynn, David Ervine, and George Schwab (moderator). Middle East, and elsewhere — because of the process in New York, the White House, Belfast, Not shown but in attendance: Gusty Spence (Progressive UK’s severe economic downturn in the early Dublin, the British Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Unionist Party) and Dr. Carol 1990s — the NCAFP, under the spirited leader- and 10 Downing Street, the NCAFP materially Rittner, RSM ship of its chairman, William J. Flynn, head contributed to Sinn Fein’s announcement of a of Mutual of America, sprang into action. The complete cessation of hostilities in August 1994, NCAFP argued that the $6–7 billion Britain which was followed by the Loyalist cease-fire in spent annually in Northern Ireland on a popula- October. In the words of Henry Kissinger, “If tion of fewer than 1.5 million people was un- it could happen in Ireland, with the history of sustainable, thus, bringing peace was of utmost Ireland, I’d like to think it could happen any- importance. where.”

Dr. Ephraim Isaac and Joan M. Squires

From left: George Schwab, William Trimble, head of the Ulster Unionist Party, William Flynn, and Thomas Moran From left: the Rt. Hon. William D. Trimble, Thomas Moran, and George Mitchell at a roundtable conference PAUL A. VOLCKER with: FORUM ON ASIA–PACIFIC SECURITY (FAPS)

Amb. Karl W. Eikenberry (L) and NYPD Ambassador Yerzhan From left: Professor Elie Wiesel, Paul Volcker, President Commissioner Raymond W. Kelly (R), both Kazykhanov of Kazakhstan Vike-Freiberga, and Mrs. Marion Wiesel at a reception at the home of George Schwab Kennan Award recipients

PAUL A. VOLCKER HONORARY CHAIRMAN

Born in Cape May, New Jersey, Paul Volcker earned his B.A. at Princeton University and his M.A. at Harvard University. He also attended the London School of Economics as a postgraduate student. Mr. Volcker was chairman

of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System from 1979 to 1987 and is credited with having played the H. E. Jiang Zemin, President of the People’s leading role in ending a period of high and rising inflation and restoring a base for sustained growth. Republic of China, welcoming Dr. Schwab, head of the NCAFP delegation.

In the course of his career, Paul Volcker worked On leaving Washington in 1987, he became Fred- in the federal government for almost 30 years, erick H. Schultz Professor of Economic Policy United States–China–Taiwan relations sparked The three capitals have confirmed that the 14 serving in numerous capacities, including as (now emeritus) at Princeton University. In the the NCAFP’s involvement in East Asia. Fear of NCAFP has played a significant role in defusing 15 Undersecretary of the Treasury for Monetary recent past, while serving as an adviser to Pres. unforeseen consequences of tensions between tensions. In the words of then President Chen Affairs and in that office under five presidents: Barack Obama, Mr. Volcker’s name became asso- China and Taiwan and the U.S. promise to help Shui-bian of Taiwan, “The National Committee John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard M. ciated with the Volcker Rule. Taiwan if attacked prompted Beijing to invite a on American Foreign Policy’s program is the Nixon, Jimmy Carter, and Ronald Reagan. NCAFP fact-finding mission to East Asia. Dr. best track two effort that exists in contributing Schwab turned to Dr. Donald S. Zagoria in 1996 to the stability in the Taiwan Strait.”

From left: Ri Gun, deputy to head the U.S.–China Relations and the Ques- director of North Korea’s tion of Taiwan project. The Forum of Asia-Pacific Security or FAPS — Institute for Disarmament and Peace, Dr. Kissinger, George as it is now known — is also vigorously engaged Schwab, William Flynn, Paul Volcker and Professor Why the NCAFP? Because of its access to in U.S.-China-Japan-South Korea relations, as Donald S. Zagoria Washington, including the White House. The well as with U.S. bilateral relations with Japan NCAFP had recently gained much publicity and South Korea. because of its role in the Northern Ireland peace process. FAPS has also played a critical role in the re- sumption of six-party talks with North Korea. 1 Innumerable Track I /2 and Track II meetings For this success, it has “received what, in diplo- and public forums in New York, Washington, matic circles, can only be called rave reviews,” Beijing, Shanghai, and Taipei continue to the according to the fall 2005 issue of the Carnegie present day. Reporter. “ Dear Paul: Congratulations on being honored by the National Committee on American Foreign Policy with the George F. Kennan Award for Distinguished Public Service. This prestigious award is a fitting recognition of your dedication to serving the American people . . . As Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, you helped tame inflation and place the nation on a path for future sustain-

able growth. You can be proud of your success in helping America maintain Following a roundtable discussion in Beijing with Chinese hosts at the Academy of Military Sciences. From left: Ambassador J. Stapleton Roy, Ralph Cossa, Evans Revere, George Schwab, Maj. Gen. Yao Yunzhu (host), Amb. Nicholas Platt, Host, and Donald Zagoria our position as the world’s leading economic power . . . “ President Bill Clinton FORUM ON ASIA–PACIFIC SECURITY FORUM ON ASIA–PACIFIC SECURITY

Dr. John Delury (far right), 21st Century Leader Award recipient, speaking at a briefing in New York on inter-regional relations. Other participants, from left: Dr. Donald Zagoria (L) Elizabeth Steffey, Nikita Desai, Sue Terry, and Stephen Noerper. and Dr. Henry Kissinger welcome H.E. Kim Kye Gwan, first vice minister of North Korea.

Ri Gun and his delegation being welcomed in New York by George Schwab.

16 H.E. Yun Byung-se, Foreign Minister of the Republic of Korea, briefing an NCAFP 17 delegation. From right: H.E. Yun Byung-se, George Schwab, Amb. J. Stapleton Roy, Don- ald Zagoria, Ralph Cossa, Rorry Daniels; also in attendance but not shown, Evans Revere

From left: Kazuyoshi Umemoto, former Deputy Permanent Representative of Japan to the United Nations, NCAFP members and guests at a panel discussion in New York and Junichi Chano, director general, Japan Foundation

At the highest levels of government in China and in Taiwan — a typical venue for NCAFP Track I½ talks FORUM ON ASIA–PACIFIC SECURITY CENTRAL ASIA CASPIAN SEA BASIN REGION (CA)

The CA Project was formed in 2005 under In addition, since inception, the CA Project has 1 the directorship of Dr. Michael Rywkin with hosted a number of Track I /2 and Track II the collaboration of Senior Vice President roundtables in New York and Washington that

Gen. Xiong Guankai (R), Deputy Chief of the General Donald S. Rice, Esq. The focus of the project was included civilian and military officials from the Staff of the PLA and alternate member of the 16th A roundtable discussion in New York with Dr. Kissinger on strategic CPC Central Committee, shares a light moment with relations between the United States and China. From left: David Albright, on U.S. national interests in the five post-Soviet United States, EU, Central Asia, and Caspian Sea George Schwab and Dr. Robert Scalapino (center) Ambassador Winston Lord, Donald Zagoria, Dr. Kissinger, and Dr. Schwab republics of Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz- Basin regional governments, former U.S. stan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan) ambassadors to the region, academic experts, 1 and to create a Track I /2 and Track II framework and businesspeople. In May 2009, the NCAFP, to facilitate dialogue and advance such interests. together with the Brookings Institute in Washington, organized a roundtable, “Strategic Between 2005 and 2007, NCAFP representatives Assessment of the Caspian Sea Basin.” In 2010, visited Kazakhstan three times as guests of the the NCAFP hosted a roundtable at the government of the Republic of Kazakhstan — Kennan Institute, “Central Asia: Strategic meeting with senior civilian and military Context, Twenty Years After Independence.” Panel discussion in New York with China’s rising H.E. Lee Teng-hui, president of Taiwan (far right) welcom- 18 leaders on “U.S.-China Relations” moderated by ing an NCAFP delegation. From left: Amb. Lord, Dr. Donald officials and think tanks. Both before and after And, in 2013, the NCAFP hosted a roundtable 19 Ambassador Lord. Zagoria, and Dr. George Schwab such meetings, NCAFP representatives were in Washington entitled, “Central Asia/Caspian briefed and debriefed, respectively, by officials in Sea Basin Region After Withdrawal of U.S. and

Amb. J. Stapleton Roy the U.S. Department of Defense, the Department NATO Troops from Afghanistan,” with the of State, and the National Security Council. In assistance of the Near East South Asia Center each case, the CA Project prepared a report with for Strategic Studies (NESA). After each of these policy recommendations that were instrumen- conferences, a report with policy recommen- tal in informing foreign policy formulation and dations was produced and distributed to U.S. implementation. government policy makers, think tanks, and academic and business communities.

H. E. Ma Ying-jeou, president of Taiwan, briefing George Schwab and his delegation on cross-Strait relations.

Sun Yafu, Vice President of the Association of Relations Across the Taiwan Straits, Roundtable conference on “Central Asia/Caspian Sea Basin Region. After Withdrawal of U.S. and NATO Troops from Afghanistan” held with the bidding farewell to Dr. Robert Scalapino (center) and George Schwab. assistance of the Near East South Asia Center for Strategic Studies in Washington, D.C. CENTRAL ASIA CASPIAN SEA BASIN AFRICA PROGRAM (AP)

Dr. Michael Rywkin, CA program director, in Almaty, Kazakhstan. He and members of the delegation, at the invitation of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, being Between 1974 and 1990, the NCAFP viewed the project was to engage the contending parties in served a traditional lamb dinner. continent of Africa as one of great interest to the Ethiopia, principally the Oromo Liberation Front Soviet Union. To counter Soviet ambitions, the (OLF), to meet and discuss means of peaceful NCAFP favored giving humanitarian assistance, solutions to what appeared to be intractable hostil- enhancing free enterprise, and promoting democ- ities. Efforts to address the political issues involved racy. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, were based on the use of Track I½ and Track II the NCAFP began to envision Africa as a future diplomacy, including the time-honored Ethiopian producer of wealth, as a growing trade and invest- tradition of Eldership. ment destination, and as an emerging continent of democratic transformation. This project falls under the umbrella of the overall Ambassador Yerzhan Kazykhanov, Permanent Representative of Kazakhstan to the Africa Program, but was under the directorship of UN, and George Schwab at a dinner hosted by Mr. and Mrs. Rice in New York In the recent past, under the guidance of Dr. J. Professor Ephraim Isaac, Chair of the Ethiopian Peter Pham, followed by the directorship of Peace & Development Center and Chairman of the Ambassador Herman J. Cohen, the AP is monitor- National Council of Ethiopian Elders. Dr. Isaac ing threats to U.S. national security interests in the worked closely with the NCAFP to plan a series Sahel region south of the Sahara, which keeps the of “dialogues” among the various political groups 21 AP in close touch with the U.S. military’s Africa in the region. Several important developments Command (AFRICOM) and with academic and occurred behind the scenes, and the NCAFP is think tank experts on Islamic radicalization. The pleased that the Project Director and his staff were AP also continues to keep those involved in the able to lay a strong foundation for peace between foreign policy public abreast of the prospects of the OLF and the Government of Ethiopia. Africa emerging as a major player on the world economic scene. Although the Ethiopia Project closed after one year, the NCAFP continues to look forward to Donald Rice, Esq., and the Hon. Nartay Donald Rice, Esq., and the Hon. Alexei Y. Dutabayev, chairman, National Secu- Volkov, Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs of In 2012, the NCAFP was awarded a multi-year future opportunities to promote peace and rity Committee of the Republic of the Republic of Kazakhstan Kazakhstan grant for a project entitled, “Peace Dialogue for a stability throughout the region. Sustainably Stable Ethiopia.” The purpose of this

Panel discussion on “Africa’s Youth in the Age of Extremism” with (from left) Daveed Gartenstein- Ross, Amb. Herman J. Cohen, and Dennis Matanda

NCAFP delegates at a roundtable discussion. From left: Donald Rice, Beklas Mukhamedzhanov Host, Richard Howe, Esq., Ambassador Peter Tomsen, and Michael Rywkin AFRICA PROGRAM CYBERSECURITY (CS)

In 2010, under the initiative of Trustee Edythe Director Elena Garofalo, the project has M. Holbrook, the NCAFP established the produced a number of programs, including three Cybersecurity Project. The aim of the project is closed-door and off-the-record conferences, to study the challenges that cyber poses to U.S. and several public programs. Summaries of security interests and explore how the govern- policy recommendations made during confer- ment can best defend the sovereign interests ence proceedings have been widely disseminated of the country. With the aid of Senior Project to government, policy, academic, and business Adviser Camino Kavanagh, and Program communities.

Roundtable on “Cyberpower and National Security.” From left: The Hon. Matthew Nimetz, Marcus Sachs, and Lt. Gen. Harry D. Raduege, Jr. (USAF, Ret.)

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Panel discussion with (from left): James E. Donegan, Ambas- Ambassador Cohen Ambassador sadors Gerald W. Scott, Tete Antonio, Ibrahim Gambari, and Panel discussion “Rethinking Cybersecurity in a Shifting Strategic Ibrahim Gambari of Nigeria Herman Cohen Landscape.” From left: Dr. James Lewis, Dr. Rafal Rohozinski, Col. Gregory Conti, and Angela Kane

Panel discussion, “Cybersecurity: Challenge and Response A New Also participating in the “New Generations” roundtable, from left: Camino Generation Speaks Out.” From left: Amb. Lord, Nicholas Thomp- Kavanagh, Dr. James A. Lewis, and Dr. John B. Sheldon son, 21st Century Leader Award recipient, and Dr. Jason Healey

Fact-finding delegation to South Africa at the invitation of the Foreign Ministry. From left: William Pickens III, Ambassador Fereydoun Hoveyda, From left: Dr. Peter J. Pham, Dr. George Schwab, and Amb. Patrick Hayford George Schwab, and Viola Herms Drath U.S. SECURITY IN THE 21st CENTURY U.S. SECURITY IN THE 21st CENTURY

LECTURE SERIES (LS) Ambassador John D. From left: Lt. Gen. Karl W. Negroponte, Kennan Award Eikenberry, George Schwab, recipient and Donald Rice, Esq.

In 2011, under the guidance of NCAFP Afghanistan; Capt. (USMC Ret.) Nathaniel President George Schwab, the series was Fick, founder and former CEO of the Center established to deepen public knowledge of for a New American Security and currently innovative responses to traditional and new the CEO of Endgame, Inc.; the Hon. John D. security challenges facing the United States. Negroponte, former director of national intel- The series was inaugurated by Gen. David H. ligence and former deputy secretary of state; Petraeus and has featured Lt. Gen. (Ret.) Karl and Gen. William “Kipp” Ward, former com- W. Eikenberry, former U.S. ambassador to mander of USSOCOM.

A discussion on “Human Source Intelligence in a Technical Era” featuring David P. Hunt (L) and David A. Cohen (R). George Schwab welcomes the audience and introduces the discussants. 24 25

George Schwab and General David H. Petraeus, Kennan Award recipient

AA panel panel discussion discussion on on “Challenges “Challenges Facing Facing the the U.S. U.S. Intelligence Intelligence Community.” Community.” From From left: far Ambassadorleft: Ambassador John John D. Negroponte, D. Negroponte, Dr. John Dr. John A. Nagl, A. Nagl, Capt. Capt. NathanielNathaniel Fick Fick (USMC (USMC Ret.), Ret.), Abraham Abraham Denmark, Denmark, and and Andrew Andrew Exum. Exum. Both Both Fick Fick and and Denmark Denmark were were recipients recipients of of the the 21st 21st Century Century Leader Leader Award. Award. 21st CENTURY LEADERS COUNCIL (CLC) 21st CENTURY LEADERS COUNCIL

In 2009, Trustees Grace Kennan Warnecke and aged to participate in NCAFP closed-door and Hatice Morrissey established the Young Leader off-the-record Track I½ and Track II projects, in Award, which, in its inaugural year, was given to panel discussions, and in Salon events. As future Nathaniel Fick, Dr. John P. Delury, and Joshua decision makers, Council members are urged Cooper Ramo. In 2010, Edythe M. Holbrook to cultivate their counterparts from around established the 21st Century Leaders Council the world to begin long-term dialogues on the and invited all previous award winners to join critical foreign policy issues that they anticipate as its founding members. Members are encour- facing in the future.

Grace Kennan Warnecke presenting the 21st Century Leader Award to Dr. John P. Delury.

From left:Grace Kennan Warnecke; Marisa L. Porges, 21st Century Leader Award recipient; Edythe M. Holbrook; Dr. Nancy Walbridge Collins, 21st Century Leader Award recipient; and Hatice 26 U. Morrissey 27

21st Century Leader Award recipients Brendan R. McGuire, Esq., and Farhana Qazi with George Schwab 21st Century Leader and Paul Volcker Award is presented by Grace Kennan Warnecke to Joshua Cooper Ramo.

21st Century Leader Award recipient Nathanial 21st Century Leader Award recipients C. Fick and Grace Kennan Warnecke Ronan Farrow (L) and Nicholas Thompson RICH AND VARIED PROGRAMS RICH AND VARIED PROGRAMS

Attentive members and guests listen to a panel discussion.

Andrey Denisov, permanent representative The Honorable Cyrus R. Vance on the occasion of Russia to the United Nations, and George of receiving the George F. Kennan Award. The UN Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali speaking at a Maurice R. Greenberg on Schwab at a NCAFP luncheon briefing by John presentation was made in the presence of Mrs. From left: Jet Vonk, Phyllis J. Lee, and Dr. Mike NCAFP luncheon on the challenges facing the UN. receiving the Kennan Award. R. Bolton, U.S. ambassador to the UN Vance and the Honorable Henry A. Kissinger. Uretsky following a panel discussion

Gen. Wesley K. Clark discussing the relevance of NATO with William Pickins III (L), William M. Rudolf, and Amb. Hoveyda.

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The Hon. Helen Marx (L) and Jen Bawden at Amb. Pickering (L), Hans J. Morgenthau Award recipient, a reception following an Angier Biddle Duke From left: Jonathan and Bibi Conrad with George From left: Hon. Raymond W. Kelly, George F. Kennan and former Russian chess champion Garry Kasparov Lecture by Aaron David Miller on “Gulliver’s Schwab following a policy briefing Award recipient, Major General Zhang Jianguo, and discussing Putin’s Russia at a Salon event at the home of Troubles: America in the Middle East.” John V. Connorton Jr., Esq. Mr. and Mrs. John French III.

Ambassador and Mrs. Donald M. Blinken discussing David Rockefeller, Hans J. Morgenthau Award recipient, and Eleonora Partial view of a gala award His Majesty King Hussein and George Schwab their just-published book, Vera and the Ambassador: Schwab at a luncheon in honor of Ambassador Kennan on receiving the dinner at the Plaza Hotel in New on the occasion of His Majesty’s receiving the Escape and Return, at a Salon event at the home of first George F. Kennan Award for Distinguished Public Service. York Hans J. Morgenthau Award George Schwab.

2012 Gala Event: Mrs. Defne Kent and Mr. Muhtar From left: Wendy R. Burnett, From left: William Flynn, Sheila Johnson Robbins, Mr. Kent, CEO of The Coca-Cola Company and and Mrs. William Rudolf, George Schwab, and Dr. Mike Uretsky, and Christa Global Business Leadership Award recipient Percopo Kenneth Bialkin at an NCAFP gala event

2012 Gala Event: Mrs. Ayse Bilgen, Consul General of Turkey Levent Bilgen, and Hatice Morrissey RICH AND VARIED PROGRAMS RICH AND VARIED PROGRAMS

Professor Elie Wiesel on the occasion of receiving the Hu- manitarian and Peace Award. From left: George Schwab, Happy William R. Johnson (center), CEO of the H.J. Heinz Company, on the occasion of his Presentation was made by Rockefeller, Gen. David Petraeus, and receiving the Global Business Leadership Award. Pictured with his wife Mrs. Susie George Schwab. Amb. Richard Gardner. (photo cour- Stephanie Junger Moat and Claude Schwab Johnson and the Hon. Richard Haass. tesy Gloria Starr Kins)

Secretary of State Colin L. Powell and Sheila Johnson Robbins on From left: Dr. Carol Rittner, RSM, the occasion of the secretary receiving the Hans J. Morgenthau Ambassador Hoveyda, Eleonora Award Schwab, and Clarence Schwab 30 31

From left: William Flynn, Marisa L. Porges, George Schwab, Dr. At NCAFP gala event. From left: William Flynn, Hon. Paul A. Volcker, Dr. Paul Nancy Walbridge Collins, and Abraham M. Denmark E. Jacobs, President and CEO of Qualcomm, Inc. and Global Business Lead- ership Award recipient, and George Schwab

NCAFP Staff (from left): Juliet Lee, Rorry Daniels, Elena Garofalo, Chenelle Bonavito, and Harry Smith. The NCAFP would like to thank all current and past staff members for their dedication and contributions Amb. Karl W. Eikenberry and Mrs. to the organization over the past 40 years. Ching Eikenberry at an NCAFP gala event where Ambassador Eikenberry received the Kennan Award

NCAFP Vice President Edythe Amb. Ronald S. Lauder and Gen. David Petraeus M. Holbrook (photo courtesy Gloria Starr Kins) AWARDS NCAFP SUPPORTERS

Hans J. Morgenthau Award William J. Flynn Initiative for Peace Award The NCAFP could not have pursued this plethora of Honorable Karl W. Eikenberry Established in 1981 to commemorate the seminal Established as the Initiative for Peace Award in 1997 activities in the past forty years without the generous William J. Flynn (Chairman)* contributions made by Professor Hans J. Morgenthau in honor of William J. Flynn, NCAFP Chairman, for support of Mutual of America, foundations, and other Judith Hernstadt to the theory and the practice of American foreign his decisive leadership and daring diplomacy in spur- supporters including, among others, the Carnegie Edythe M. Holbrook (Vice President)* policy, the National Committee on American ring two cease-fires and promoting the peace process Corporation of New York; the Ford Foundation; the Thomas J. Moran Foreign Policy presents the Hans J. Morgenthau in Northern Ireland. The Award, renamed in 2001, is Ploughshares Fund; the US-Japan Foundation; the Hatice U. Morrissey (Vice President)* Award. The person to be so honored is one whose presented to an individual who has worked tirelessly to Japan Foundation-Center for Global Partnership; the Honorable Matthew Nimetz intellectual attainments and/or practical contributions resolve a conflict that has affected the national interests John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; Honorable Thomas R. Pickering to United States foreign policy have been judged so of the United States. Recipients include: the Korea Foundation; the Rockefeller Foundation; Donald S. Rice, Esq. (Senior Vice President)* exemplary in the tradition of Professor Morgenthau as the Sasakawa Peace Foundation; the China Energy William M. Rudolf (Executive Vice President and William J. Flynn (1997) to merit this singular award. Recipients include: Fund Committee; the C.F. Roe Slade Foundation; the Treasurer)* Honorable George J. Mitchell (1998) Starr Foundation; the United States Department of Professor George D. Schwab (President)* Honorable Angier Biddle Duke (1981) Right Honourable Dr. Marjorie Mowlam (2001) State; the U.S. Agency for International Development Honorable Jeffrey R. Shafer Honorable Sol Linowitz (1982) Viola Drath (2005) (USAID); the Norwegian Foreign Ministry; the Smith Honorable Nancy E. Soderberg Honorable Henry A. Kissinger (1983) Honorable Hugh L. Carey (2005) Richardson Foundation; the Henry Luce Foundation; Honorable Paul A. Volcker (Honorary Chairman)* Honorable Jeane J. Kirkpatrick (1984) Gerry Adams M.P. (2005) the United Nations Foundation; and the Dwight D. Grace Kennan Warnecke (Vice President)* Honorable George P. Shultz (1985) Eisenhower Security Series. Professor Donald S. Zagoria (Senior Vice David Rockefeller (1988) 21st Century Leader Award President)* Honorable James A. Baker III (1990) The 21st Century Leader Award was created to recog- The NCAFP would also like to thank its devoted Right Honourable Margaret Thatcher (1990) nize the achievements of individuals under the age of members and friends for their support. Many thanks *2014 officers 32 Honorable Thomas R. Pickering (1993) 40 who display a serious commitment to furthering also to members and friends who, in the recent past, His Majesty King Hussein (1995) the United States’ strategic policy interests in accord have made distinctive financial and/or in-kind NCAFP Board of Advisers Honorable Colin Powell (2002) with the principles of political realism. Through their contributions: Professor Giuseppe Ammendola Honorable Richard N. Haass (2004) professional or personal pursuits, they make important Professor Kenneth J. Arrow Honorable Martti Ahtisaari (2013) Kevin Backus contributions to the international dialogue and Professor Stephen Blank John H. Bell, Jr. demonstrate a promising future in the realm of Professor Bernard E. Brown Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth J. Bialkin, Esq. Humanitarian and Peace Award American foreign policy. Recipients include: Professor Ralph Buultjens Ambassador Donald M. Blinken The Humanitarian and Peace Award was stablished in The Honorable Herman J. Cohen John Delury (2009) Kathryn W. Davis 1987 to especially honor Professor Elie Wiesel for his Professor Alexander A. Cooley Nathaniel Fick (2009) Mr. and Mrs. John French III extraordinary commitment to advancing human rights Dr. Eve Epstein Joshua Cooper Ramo (2009) David P. Hunt and peace in the world. Professor Joseph W. Foxell Professor Nancy Walbridge Collins (2011) Leonard A. Lauder Dr. Susan A. Gitelson Abraham Denmark (2011) The Honorable Ronald S. Lauder George F. Kennan Award for Professor George E. Gruen Marisa Porges (2011) Thomas J. Moran Distinguished Public Service Professor Bernard Haykel Farhana Qazi (2012) Dr. and Mrs. Kevin Morrissey This award, established in 1994 in honor of George F. Honorable Robert E. Hunter Brendan R. McGuire, Esq. (2012) The Honorable Matthew Nimetz Kennan, scholar, diplomat, and statesman, recognizes Professor Ephraim Isaac Ronan Farrow (2013) Christa Percopo an American who has served the United States in an Dr. Jeffrey Mankoff Nicholas Thompson (2013) Mr. & Mrs. Donald S. Rice, Esq. exemplary way and has made a seminal contribution to Dr. Jeffrey D. McCausland Sheila Johnson Robbins defining and illuminating the national interests of the Aaron David Miller Global Business Leadership Award Nina Rosenwald United States. Recipients include: Joan Peters ** This award is presented by the National Committee on Mr. and Mrs. William M. Rudolf David L. Phillips Honorable George F. Kennan (1994) American Foreign Policy to honor a prominent busi- Enzo Viscusi Honorable Cyrus R. Vance (1996) ness leader whose efforts have contributed to setting an Professor Richard Pipes Professor Carol Rittner Honorable Paul A. Volcker (1997) unimpeachable standard for globally oriented corpo- 2014 NCAFP Board of Trustees Honorable Richard C. Holbrooke (2000) rate citizenship promoting the national interests of the Professor Benjamin Rivlin ** Kenneth J. Bialkin, Esq. Professor Henry Rosovsky Maurice R. Greenberg (2004) United States. Recipients include: Honorable Donald M. Blinken Honorable John D. Negroponte (2006) Professor Michael Rywkin Dr. Paul E. Jacobs, Qualcomm, Inc. (2011) Steven Chernys General David H. Petraeus (2009) Marcus H. Sachs Muhtar Kent, The Coca-Cola Company (2012) John V. Connorton, Jr., Esq. (Secretary)* New York Police Commissioner Raymond W. Kelly Dr. Ronald J. Sheppard William R. Johnson, H.J. Heinz Company (2013) Professor Michael Curtis (2011) Mary Wadsworth Darby Honorable Karl W. Eikenberry (2012) **Deceased