Tracking Conflict Worldwide
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An Analysis of the Afar-Somali Conflict in Ethiopia and Djibouti
Regional Dynamics of Inter-ethnic Conflicts in the Horn of Africa: An Analysis of the Afar-Somali Conflict in Ethiopia and Djibouti DISSERTATION ZUR ERLANGUNG DER GRADES DES DOKTORS DER PHILOSOPHIE DER UNIVERSTÄT HAMBURG VORGELEGT VON YASIN MOHAMMED YASIN from Assab, Ethiopia HAMBURG 2010 ii Regional Dynamics of Inter-ethnic Conflicts in the Horn of Africa: An Analysis of the Afar-Somali Conflict in Ethiopia and Djibouti by Yasin Mohammed Yasin Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree PHILOSOPHIAE DOCTOR (POLITICAL SCIENCE) in the FACULITY OF BUSINESS, ECONOMICS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES at the UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG Supervisors Prof. Dr. Cord Jakobeit Prof. Dr. Rainer Tetzlaff HAMBURG 15 December 2010 iii Acknowledgments First and foremost, I would like to thank my doctoral fathers Prof. Dr. Cord Jakobeit and Prof. Dr. Rainer Tetzlaff for their critical comments and kindly encouragement that made it possible for me to complete this PhD project. Particularly, Prof. Jakobeit’s invaluable assistance whenever I needed and his academic follow-up enabled me to carry out the work successfully. I therefore ask Prof. Dr. Cord Jakobeit to accept my sincere thanks. I am also grateful to Prof. Dr. Klaus Mummenhoff and the association, Verein zur Förderung äthiopischer Schüler und Studenten e. V., Osnabruck , for the enthusiastic morale and financial support offered to me in my stay in Hamburg as well as during routine travels between Addis and Hamburg. I also owe much to Dr. Wolbert Smidt for his friendly and academic guidance throughout the research and writing of this dissertation. Special thanks are reserved to the Department of Social Sciences at the University of Hamburg and the German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA) that provided me comfortable environment during my research work in Hamburg. -
Côte D'ivoire
CÔTE D’IVOIRE COI Compilation August 2017 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Regional Representation for West Africa - RSD Unit UNHCR Côte d’Ivoire UNHCR Regional Representation for West Africa - RSD Unit UNHCR Côte d’Ivoire Côte d’Ivoire COI Compilation August 2017 This report collates country of origin information (COI) on Côte d’Ivoire up to 15 August 2017 on issues of relevance in refugee status determination for Ivorian nationals. The report is based on publicly available information, studies and commentaries. It is illustrative, but is neither exhaustive of information available in the public domain nor intended to be a general report on human-rights conditions. The report is not conclusive as to the merits of any individual refugee claim. All sources are cited and fully referenced. Users should refer to the full text of documents cited and assess the credibility, relevance and timeliness of source material with reference to the specific research concerns arising from individual applications. UNHCR Regional Representation for West Africa Immeuble FAALO Almadies, Route du King Fahd Palace Dakar, Senegal - BP 3125 Phone: +221 33 867 62 07 Kora.unhcr.org - www.unhcr.org Table of Contents List of Abbreviations .............................................................................................................. 4 1 General Information ....................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Historical background ............................................................................................ -
Country Risk Overview
Côte d’IvoIre Country Risk Overview Côte d’Ivoire’s President Alassane Ouattara is expected to remain in power until 2020 when his two term limit expires. This provides a solid foundation for current investment prospects, which is particularly impressive against the backdrop of the 2010 political unrest. However, various factors developing in the run-up to the next elections have the potential to impact investment in the country. When Ouattara was inaugurated in 2011, his immediate mandate was to bring stability and a safer security environment following the electoral crisis resulting from the 2010 election. A close second was economic reform. Ouattara led major investments in infrastructure, education, health, transportation as well as Côte d’Ivoire’s restoration as the world’s leading producer of cocoa and cashew nuts. In October 2016, a new constitution was approved following a referendum which allowed the consolidation of executive power. A legislative election was held in December that year which saw the RDR-led ruling coalition retain power by securing 167 of the 255 seats. Ouattara used the successful election to reduce Côte d’Ivoire has the cabinet and appoint longstanding allies into key positions, as permitted by maintained steady the new constitution. Notably, Ouattara placed Daniel Kablan Duncan in the economic growth over newly formed Vice President role and Amadou Gon Coulibaly as Prime Minister. These appointees reinforce Ouattara’s strong control over the country, and the last 5 years and support his continued hold on power until the next election in three years. boasts strong agriculture, mining, oil and gas and Opportunities Côte d’Ivoire is an economic and transportation hub for French-speaking West infrastructure sectors. -
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ARTICLE A LOOK AT THE REASONS BEHIND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF MOVEMENTS AIMED AT RESUSCITATING THE NDEBELE/MTHWAKAZI KINGDOM IN POST-COLONIAL ZIMBABWE Njabulo B. Khumalo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6474-408X National University of Science and Technology, Zimbabwe [email protected] ABSTRACT The resuscitation of the Ndebele kingdom has been a topical issue in Zimbabwe. The Ndebele kingdom, which was established by king Mzilikazi ka MaShobana was destroyed by white settlers during the reign of his son Lobengula. The years following the colonisation of Zimbabwe saw a number of efforts being made to liberate the country. The liberation struggle came to an end in 1980 when Zimbabwe, a country which came to being as a result of nationalists was liberated and the black majority assumed power. However, there have been growing calls for the resuscitation of the Ndebele kingdom, which in some circles mean breaking away from Zimbabwe. One wonders what the reasons behind the call for the resuscitation of the Ndebele kingdom were: Is this move fuelled by poor service delivery in Zimbabwe? Are the Ndebele people unhappy with the current state of affairs in Zimbabwe? Is this another revolution waiting to happen? This study sought to establish the reasons behind calls to resuscitate the Ndebele kingdom in Zimbabwe. A qualitative research methodology was employed and interviews held with one of the heirs to the Ndebele throne, as well as the leader of one of the movements advocating for the resuscitation of the Ndebele or Mthwakazi kingdom. Keywords: kingdom; Lobengula; Mzilikazi; Ndebele; resuscitation; Zimbabwe INTRODUCTION Zimbabwe is a country in southern Africa, which attained its independence in 1980, a period that was followed by a genocide. -
The London Diplomatic List
UNCLASSIFIED THE LONDON DIPLOMATIC LIST Alphabetical list of the representatives of Foreign States & Commonwealth Countries in London with the names & designations of the persons returned as composing their Diplomatic Staff. Representatives of Foreign States & Commonwealth Countries & their Diplomatic Staff enjoy privileges & immunities under the Diplomatic Privileges Act, 1964. Except where shown, private addresses are not available. m Married * Married but not accompanied by wife or husband AFGHANISTAN Embassy of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan 31 Princes Gate SW7 1QQ 020 7589 8891 Fax 020 7584 4801 [email protected] www.afghanistanembassy.org.uk Monday-Friday 09.00-16.00 Consular Section 020 7589 8892 Fax 020 7581 3452 [email protected] Monday-Friday 09.00-13.30 HIS EXCELLENCY DR MOHAMMAD DAUD YAAR m Ambassador Extraordinary & Plenipotentiary (since 07 August 2012) Mrs Sadia Yaar Mr Ahmad Zia Siamak m Counsellor Mr M Hanif Ahmadzai m Counsellor Mr Najibullah Mohajer m 1st Secretary Mr M. Daud Wedah m 1st Secretary Mrs Nazifa Haqpal m 2nd Secretary Miss Freshta Omer 2nd Secretary Mr Hanif Aman 3rd Secretary Mrs Wahida Raoufi m 3rd Secretary Mr Yasir Qanooni 3rd Secretary Mr Ahmad Jawaid m Commercial Attaché Mr Nezamuddin Marzee m Acting Military Attaché ALBANIA Embassy of the Republic of Albania 33 St George’s Drive SW1V 4DG 020 7828 8897 Fax 020 7828 8869 [email protected] www.albanianembassy.co.uk HIS EXELLENCY MR MAL BERISHA m Ambassador Extraordinary & Plenipotentiary (since 18 March 2013) Mrs Donika Berisha UNCLASSIFIED S:\Protocol\DMIOU\UNIVERSAL\Administration\Lists of Diplomatic Representation\LDL\RESTORED LDL Master List - Please update this one!.doc UNCLASSIFIED Dr Teuta Starova m Minister-Counsellor Ms Entela Gjika Counsellor Mrs Gentjana Nino m 1st Secretary Dr Xhoana Papakostandini m 3rd Secretary Col. -
Country Travel Risk Summaries
COUNTRY RISK SUMMARIES Powered by FocusPoint International, Inc. Report for Week Ending September 19, 2021 Latest Updates: Afghanistan, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, India, Israel, Mali, Mexico, Myanmar, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Turkey, Ukraine and Yemen. ▪ Afghanistan: On September 14, thousands held a protest in Kandahar during afternoon hours local time to denounce a Taliban decision to evict residents in Firqa area. No further details were immediately available. ▪ Burkina Faso: On September 13, at least four people were killed and several others ijured after suspected Islamist militants ambushed a gendarme patrol escorting mining workers between Sakoani and Matiacoali in Est Region. Several gendarmes were missing following the attack. ▪ Cameroon: On September 14, at least seven soldiers were killed in clashes with separatist fighters in kikaikelaki, Northwest region. Another two soldiers were killed in an ambush in Chounghi on September 11. ▪ India: On September 16, at least six people were killed, including one each in Kendrapara and Subarnapur districts, and around 20,522 others evacuated, while 7,500 houses were damaged across Odisha state over the last three days, due to floods triggered by heavy rainfall. Disaster teams were sent to Balasore, Bhadrak and Kendrapara districts. Further floods were expected along the Mahanadi River and its tributaries. ▪ Israel: On September 13, at least two people were injured after being stabbed near Jerusalem Central Bus Station during afternoon hours local time. No further details were immediately available, but the assailant was shot dead by security forces. ▪ Mali: On September 13, at least five government soldiers and three Islamist militants were killed in clashes near Manidje in Kolongo commune, Macina cercle, Segou region, during morning hours local time. -
Saudi Arabia 2020 Crime & Safety Report: Riyadh
Saudi Arabia 2020 Crime & Safety Report: Riyadh This is an annual report produced in conjunction with the Regional Security Office at the U.S. Embassy in Riyadh. OSAC encourages travelers to use this report to gain baseline knowledge of security conditions in Saudi Arabia. For more in-depth information, review OSAC’s Saudi Arabia country page for original OSAC reporting, consular messages, and contact information, some of which may be available only to private- sector representatives with an OSAC password. Travel Advisory The current U.S. Department of State Travel Advisory at the date of this report’s publication assesses Saudi Arabia at Level 2, indicating travelers should exercise increased caution due to terrorism and the threat of missile and drone attacks on civilian targets. Do not travel to within 50 miles of the border with Yemen due to terrorism and armed conflict. Review OSAC’s report, Understanding the Consular Travel Advisory System. Overall Crime and Safety Situation Crime Threats The U.S. Department of State has assessed Riyadh as being a LOW-threat location for crime directed at or affecting official U.S. government interests. Crime in Saudi Arabia has increased over recent years but remains at levels far below most major metropolitan areas in the United States. Criminal activity does not typically target foreigners and is mostly drug-related. Review OSAC’s reports, All That You Should Leave Behind, The Overseas Traveler’s Guide to ATM Skimmers & Fraud, Taking Credit, Hotels: The Inns and Outs, and Considerations for Hotel Security. Cybersecurity Issues The Saudi government continues to expand its cybersecurity activities. -
Annual Report
Annual Report Southern Thailand Empowerment and Participation Phase II 2015 UNDP-JAPAN Partnership Fund Annual Report Southern Thailand Empowerment and Participation Phase 2 (STEP II) Project January - December 2015 UNDP Thailand Country Office TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 I BASIC PROJECT INFORMATION 3 II INTRODUCTION 3 III EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 IV KEY ACHIEVEMENTS 7 V SITUATION IN SOUTHERN BORDER PROVINCES 36 VI MONITORING&EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 38 VII DISBURSEMENT AND RESOURCE MOBILIZATION 41 ANNEX I: ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 42 I. BASIC PROJECT INFORMATION Project Title: Southern Thailand Empowerment and Participation (STEP) Phase II UNDP Project ID 00090901 Project Duration 3 years (January 2015-December 2017) Reporting Period April-June 2015 Total Approved Project Budget 813,740 USD Participating UN agencies - 2 Implementing Partners/ Prince of Songkla University, Southern National collaborating agencies Border Provinces Administration Centre. Office of the National Security Council, Ministry of Justice, Ministry of Interior International collaborating agencies - Donors JAPAN-UNDP Partnership Fund TRAC 1.1.3 (Conflict Prevention and Recovery) UNDP Contact officer 1. Wisoot Tantinan, Programme Specialist 2.Naruedee Janthasing, Senior Project Manager Project website http://step.psu.ac.th/ II. INTRODUCTION (1) Project Background The impact of violence in the southernmost provinces of Pattani, Yala, and Narathiwat, s is jeopardizing human security and development for people living in the area. In addition to the victims of attacks, local people are indirectly beleaguered by the impact of violence. Residents, of which Malay-Muslims comprise around 80 percent, have to contend with insecurity, disrupted education, and fears generated by the activities of both the insurgents and security forces on a regular basis. -
Shrinking and Sinking
Press Freedom Index Report 2011 Uganda Shrinking and sinking Human Rights Network for Journalists - Uganda with the support of Open Society Initiative for East Africa Press Freedom Index Report 2011 Uganda Shrinking and sinking Human Rights Network for Journalists - Uganda with the support of Open Society Initiative for East Africa Kivebulaya Road Mengo Bulange P.O.Box 71314 Kampala Tel: +256 414 272934 +256 414 667627 Email: [email protected] www.hrnjuganda.org Cover Photo: Micheal Mugabi Regional Police Commander Kampala North holding a video camera at Lubigi wetland after confiscating it from a journalist Umar Kyeyune of Uganda Broadcsating Corporation, on 18 May 2011. HRNJ-Uganda Photo Februray 2012 Contents Who we are ............................................................1 Acknowledgement ...................................................2 Background ............................................................3 Report objective ......................................................3 Our Methodology .....................................................3 Introduction ............................................................5 Attacks on journalists ...............................................7 Journalists physically attacked and injured ..........7 Foreign journalist killed ..................................12 Arrest and detention ......................................13 Media houses raided ......................................15 Confrontations and verbal attacks ....................17 Confiscation of tools of trade ...........................18 -
Analysis Selection for JCC January 2021
Analysis selection for JCC January 2021 Further widespread inauguration-related protests likely in US following Capitol riot, opens door for limited bipartisanship on policymaking 7 Jan 2021 - Country Risk | Headline Analysis During the counting of the electoral college votes on 6 January in the United States, protesters broke into the Capitol, where they stopped the proceedings and ransacked several congressional offices. • Thousands of demonstrators had been encouraged hours earlier by President Donald Trump, who had told them in a morning rally next to the White House to march to the Capitol to voice their displeasure at the certification of president-elect Joe Biden’s victory. After breaking through police barriers, protesters broke a window and forced open doors to enter the building. During the melee, one woman died from gunshot wounds and another three from unspecified ‘separate medical emergencies’. There have been at least 52 arrests, mainly for breaking curfew and weapons charges, according to the police. Media sources have reported that pipe bombs were also found at the committee headquarters of both major political parties. About two hours after the break-in, President Trump released a video message relaying that although he empathised with the demonstrators’ desire to overturn the process, they should go home and refrain from violent activity. Congress restarted the counting hours later, with politicians from both parties condemning the rioting. • It appears that despite warnings, Capitol Hill police were underprepared for potential violence, calling for the Washington (DC) police’s backup only after the situation was out of control. While most Republican politicians denounced the rioters, right-wing media has offered more of a mixed message on the events, with several outlets casting blame on individuals associated with the left-wing Antifa movement. -
Political Repression in Sudan
Sudan Page 1 of 243 BEHIND THE RED LINE Political Repression in Sudan Human Rights Watch/Africa Human Rights Watch Copyright © May 1996 by Human Rights Watch. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 96-75962 ISBN 1-56432-164-9 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This report was researched and written by Human Rights Watch Counsel Jemera Rone. Human Rights Watch Leonard H. Sandler Fellow Brian Owsley also conducted research with Ms. Rone during a mission to Khartoum, Sudan, from May 1-June 13, 1995, at the invitation of the Sudanese government. Interviews in Khartoum with nongovernment people and agencies were conducted in private, as agreed with the government before the mission began. Private individuals and groups requested anonymity because of fear of government reprisals. Interviews in Juba, the largest town in the south, were not private and were controlled by Sudan Security, which terminated the visit prematurely. Other interviews were conducted in the United States, Cairo, London and elsewhere after the end of the mission. Ms. Rone conducted further research in Kenya and southern Sudan from March 5-20, 1995. The report was edited by Deputy Program Director Michael McClintock and Human Rights Watch/Africa Executive Director Peter Takirambudde. Acting Counsel Dinah PoKempner reviewed sections of the manuscript and Associate Kerry McArthur provided production assistance. This report could not have been written without the assistance of many Sudanese whose names cannot be disclosed. CONTENTS -
Zimbabwe: What Does the Future Hold Under New Leadership?
JULY 2018 POLICY INSIGHTS 64 ZIMBABWE: WHAT DOES THE FUTURE HOLD UNDER NEW LEADERSHIP? RONAK GOPALDAS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Since assuming office as President of Zimbabwe after a military coup ousted Robert Mugabe, Emmerson Mnangagwa has made several gestures of reform and has engaged key western interests in a bid to ease sanctions and facilitate re-integration into the international arena. Full economic rapprochement is contingent on the observance of free and fair presidential and legislative elections which will take place on 30 July, 2018. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Political goodwill and the power of incumbency enjoyed by ZANU-PF RONAK GOPALDAS suggest that the party is favoured to win. The elections, however, raise a is a director at Signal number of issues, primarily around the conduct of the poll, which policies Risk, an exclusively will be adopted in their aftermath, the continued role of the military in the African risk advisory country’s affairs and Zimbabwe’s economic relations with the international firm. He was previously community. the head of country risk at Rand Merchant The outcome will frame the approach to Zimbabwe’s post-election Bank (RMB), where environment and determine whether the country is set for a bright new he provided the firm future or a false dawn. with in-depth analysis of economic, political, INTRODUCTION security and operational dynamics across sub- This year’s election will mark the start of a new era for Zimbabwe. It will Saharan Africa. be the first election since 2000 which does not feature Robert Mugabe and Morgan Tsvangirai, and the first time the country will elect a new president since Optimists believe that independence in 1980.