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The House of Coburg and Queen Victoria: a Study of Duty and Affection
University of Nebraska at Omaha DigitalCommons@UNO Student Work 6-1-1971 The House of Coburg and Queen Victoria: A study of duty and affection Terrence Shellard University of Nebraska at Omaha Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/studentwork Recommended Citation Shellard, Terrence, "The House of Coburg and Queen Victoria: A study of duty and affection" (1971). Student Work. 413. https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/studentwork/413 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UNO. It has been accepted for inclusion in Student Work by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE HOUSE OF COBURG AND QUEEN VICTORIA A STORY OF DUTY AND AFFECTION A Thesis Presented to the Department of History and the Faculty of the Graduate College University of Nebraska at Omaha In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts by Terrance She Ha r d June Ip71 UMI Number: EP73051 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Diss««4afor. R_bJ .stung UMI EP73051 Published by ProQuest LLC (2015). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProQuest LLC. -
The Holy Roman Empire [1873]
The Online Library of Liberty A Project Of Liberty Fund, Inc. Viscount James Bryce, The Holy Roman Empire [1873] The Online Library Of Liberty This E-Book (PDF format) is published by Liberty Fund, Inc., a private, non-profit, educational foundation established in 1960 to encourage study of the ideal of a society of free and responsible individuals. 2010 was the 50th anniversary year of the founding of Liberty Fund. It is part of the Online Library of Liberty web site http://oll.libertyfund.org, which was established in 2004 in order to further the educational goals of Liberty Fund, Inc. To find out more about the author or title, to use the site's powerful search engine, to see other titles in other formats (HTML, facsimile PDF), or to make use of the hundreds of essays, educational aids, and study guides, please visit the OLL web site. This title is also part of the Portable Library of Liberty DVD which contains over 1,000 books and quotes about liberty and power, and is available free of charge upon request. The cuneiform inscription that appears in the logo and serves as a design element in all Liberty Fund books and web sites is the earliest-known written appearance of the word “freedom” (amagi), or “liberty.” It is taken from a clay document written about 2300 B.C. in the Sumerian city-state of Lagash, in present day Iraq. To find out more about Liberty Fund, Inc., or the Online Library of Liberty Project, please contact the Director at [email protected]. -
Bavaria the Bavarians Emerged in a Region North of the Alps, Originally Inhabited by the Celts, Which Had Been Part of the Roman Provinces of Rhaetia and Noricum
Bavaria The Bavarians emerged in a region north of the Alps, originally inhabited by the Celts, which had been part of the Roman provinces of Rhaetia and Noricum. The Bavarians spoke Old High German but, unlike other Germanic groups, did not migrate from elsewhere. Rather, they seem to have coalesced out of other groups left behind by Roman withdrawal late in the 5th century AD. These peoples may have included Marcomanni, Thuringians, Goths, Rugians, Heruli, and some remaining Romans. The name "Bavarian" ("Baiuvari") means "Men of Baia" which may indicate Bohemia, the homeland of the Marcomanni. They first appear in written sources circa 520. Saint Boniface completed the people's conversion to Christianity in the early 8th century. Bavaria was, for the most part, unaffected by the Protestant Reformation, and even today, most of it is strongly Roman Catholic. From about 550 to 788, the house of Agilolfing ruled the duchy of Bavaria, ending with Tassilo III who was deposed by Charlemagne. Three early dukes are named in Frankish sources: Garibald I may have been appointed to the office by the Merovingian kings and married the Lombard princess Walderada when the church forbade her to King Chlothar I in 555. Their daughter, Theodelinde, became Queen of the Lombards in northern Italy and Garibald was forced to flee to her when he fell out with his Frankish over- lords. Garibald's successor, Tassilo I, tried unsuccessfully to hold the eastern frontier against the expansion of Slavs and Avars around 600. Tassilo's son Garibald II seems to have achieved a balance of power between 610 and 616. -
Money Centre No 20 in Memory of Sławomir S
ISSN 2658-2066 Money Centre No 20 in memory of Sławomir S. Skrzypek 2019 Q4 2019 – The Year of the Vasas A 10-ducat (portugal) gold coin – Sigismund Vasa – the “Numismatist’s Study” room at the NBP Money Centre Plan of the NBP LEVEL 3 14 12 Stock Exchange Money Centre and Financial Markets 13 Modern Payment 13 Systems 14 Monetary and Economic 12 Unions Creator of Money 15 and Money Production 16 Money in Art 5 3 15 Toilets 4 6 LEVEL 2 C 16 Encounters 1 with Money 9 Stairway to room 7 and 8 Antiquity-Middle Ages 1 10 2 -Modernity 11 3 Monetary Systems 2 4 Bank Street 2 5 Central Bank Numismatist's 3 8 6 Study 7 9 World Wars I and II Polish People's 10 Republic 11 Fall of Communism B 1 LEVEL 1 Laboratory 7 of Authenticity 8 Vault B Toilets ENTRANCE A 0 LEVEL 0 Reception desk Visit our website: www.nbp.pl/centrumpieniadza Magazine of the Sławomir S. Skrzypek NBP Money Centre Dear readers, The main theme of this edition of “Bankoteka” is coins to the kings from this dynasty, issued in contemporary minted during the reign of the Vasa dynasty as well times by Narodowy Bank Polski (the Exhibits section). as NBP collector coins dedicated to the kings from this dynasty. In the same section we also discuss the new acquisi- tions that will be added to the collection of exhibits The year 2019 marks the passage of 400 years since at the NBP Money Centre. The half-grivna (from the the expansion of the Royal Castle in Warsaw, under- turn of the 13th and 14th century), a pendant repre- taken on the orders of King Sigismund Vasa. -
Germany and the Coming of the French Wars of Religion: Confession, Identity, and Transnational Relations
Germany and the Coming of the French Wars of Religion: Confession, Identity, and Transnational Relations Jonas A. M. van Tol Doctor of Philosophy University of York History February 2016 Abstract From its inception, the French Wars of Religion was a European phenomenon. The internationality of the conflict is most clearly illustrated by the Protestant princes who engaged militarily in France between 1567 and 1569. Due to the historiographical convention of approaching the French Wars of Religion as a national event, studied almost entirely separate from the history of the German Reformation, its transnational dimension has largely been ignored or misinterpreted. Using ten German Protestant princes as a case study, this thesis investigates the variety of factors that shaped German understandings of the French Wars of Religion and by extension German involvement in France. The princes’ rich and international network of correspondence together with the many German-language pamphlets about the Wars in France provide an insight into the ways in which the conflict was explained, debated, and interpreted. Applying a transnational interpretive framework, this thesis unravels the complex interplay between the personal, local, national, and international influences that together formed an individual’s understanding of the Wars of Religion. These interpretations were rooted in the longstanding personal and cultural connections between France and the Rhineland and strongly influenced by French diplomacy and propaganda. Moreover, they were conditioned by one’s precise position in a number of key religious debates, most notably the question of Lutheran-Reformed relations. These understandings changed as a result of a number pivotal European events that took place in 1566 and 1567 and the conspiracy theories they inspired. -
Zgodovinski Časopis ISSN 0350-5774 HISTORICAL REVIEW ZČ | Ljubljana | 74 | 2020 | Št
Zgodovinski časopis ISSN 0350-5774 HISTORICAL REVIEW ZČ | Ljubljana | 74 | 2020 | št. 3-4 (162) | str. 289–560 9 7 7 0 3 5 0 5 7 7 0 0 2 asopis | letnik 74 leto 2020 številka 3-4 (162) č ZČ | Ljubljana | 74 | 2020 | št. 3-4 (162) | str. 289–560 Zgodovinski Josip Banić, The Mystery of Merania: A New Solution to Old Problems (Holy Roman Empire and the Kingdom of Croatia- Dalmatia during the Investiture Controversy) (Part 1) • Ana Jenko Kovačič, Iurium Episcopalium Liber I. poreške škofije: Predstavitev, tipološka opredelitev in analiza kodeksa • Robert Devetak, Boj za slovenske šole in delovanje ženskih 3-4 podružnic Družbe svetega Cirila in Metoda na Goriškem in Gradiškem v obdobju pred prvo svetovno vojno • Damir Globočnik, Trubarjev spomenik v Ljubljani • Srđan Mladenov Jovanović, The Warmongering ’First Serbian Daily’: The Daily ’Politika’ during the First Balkan War of 1912-13 • Meta Remec, Napredek, avtarkija, narod: italijanska energetska politika v Posočju (1918–1943) • Klemen Kocjančič, Enote in ustanove Waffen-SS v Ljubljani med letoma 1943 in 1945 Zgodovinski časopis HISTORICAL REVIEW ZČ | Ljubljana | 74 | 2020 | št. 3-4 (162) | str. 289–560 Izdaja ZVEZA ZGODOVINSKIH DRUŠTEV SLOVENIJE Ljubljana GLASILO ZVEZE ZGODOVINSKIH DRUŠTEV SLOVENIJE Mednarodni uredniški odbor: dr. Kornelija Ajlec (SI), dr. Tina Bahovec (SI), dr. Bojan Balkovec (SI) (tehnični urednik), dr. Rajko Bratož (SI), dr. Ernst Bruckmüller (AT), dr. Liliana Ferrari (IT), dr. Ivo Goldstein (HR), dr. Žarko Lazarević (SI), dr. Dušan Mlacović (SI) (namestnik odgovornega urednika), dr. Božo Repe (SI), dr. Franc Rozman (SI), Janez Stergar (SI), dr. Imre Szilágyi (H), dr. Peter Štih (SI) (odgovorni urednik), dr. -
THE SPIRIT of a PALACE : Its Role for the Preservation of the Munich Residence
THE SPIRIT OF A PALACE Its Role for the Preservation of the Munich Residence HERMANN J. NEUMANN Bayerische Schlösserverwaltung Schloss Nymphenburg 16 D-80638 München Germany [email protected] Abstract. The Munich Residence in the heart of the bavar- ian capital, severely damaged during World War II, has suf- fered several losses of its tangible heritage during the 600 years of its existence. But the thesis should be allowed that the special tradition and historic character, the nurture of the fine arts as well as stately representation, or in short: the dignity of this place allowed the central palace of the Wit- telsbach family to outlast the centuries in a special quality – including its building fabric. But the reverse proposition should be represented in this text as well: that it is the pru- dent preservation of the palace’s outside, its characteristic layout and interior that offered the opportunity to preserve the sense of a cultural and historic center at this place. Fu- ture risks for the adequate preservation of this palace can only be mastered if the specific spirit of the Residence is the guideline for both responsible maintenance and adequate uses of the building. Roots and Development of a “Spirit of the Munich Residence” Bavaria proudly looks back on more than 1,400 years of history. The complicated tradition of its governments and the corresponding resi- dences goes beyond the scope of this article. Suffice it to know that the Wittelsbach dynasty that governed Bavaria from 1180 to 1918 made Munich its single residence in 1506, developing the palace into one of the most splendid centers of power in central Europe. -
World-History-Timeline.Pdf
HISTORY TIMELINE WORLD HISTORY TIMELINE FROM ANCIENT HISTORY TO 21ST CENTURY COPYRIGHT © 2010 - www.ithappened.info Table of Contents Ancient history .................................................................................................................................... 4 100,000 to 800 BC...........................................................................................................................4 800 BC to 300 BC............................................................................................................................5 300 BC to 1 BC................................................................................................................................6 1 AD to 249 AD............................................................................................................................... 8 249 AD to 476 AD .......................................................................................................................... 9 Middle Ages .......................................................................................................................................11 476 AD to 649 AD......................................................................................................................... 11 650 AD to 849 AD ........................................................................................................................ 12 850 AD to 999 AD........................................................................................................................ -
Appendix for “The Feudal Revolution and Europe's Rise: Political
Appendix for “The Feudal Revolution and Europe’s Rise: Political Divergence of the Christian West and the Muslim World before 1500 CE” August 1, 2012 1 Feudalism and Political Stability To formalize the intuition presented in Section 3.3 using a simple framework, suppose that a perfectly myopic, risk-neutral sovereign imperfectly controls a polity that creates output of size one each period. Denote by γ the amount of land controlled by the military regardless of the actions of the sovereign (this can be interpreted as the percentage of the entire polity controlled by the military). Suppose that there are N perfectly myopic, risk-neutral members of the military (where N is sufficiently large) and that γ is evenly distributed between the members of this class. We consider the parameter value γ exogenously given. A value of γ = 0 corresponds to a perfectly absolutist sovereign (who uses mamluks or mercenaries to staff his military) whereas higher values of γ denote more feudal arrangements. Note that our assumption of perfectly myopic agents allows us to abstract from the potentially important issue of how the sovereign compensates the military (i.e., iqta’ rents versus land grants).1 In addition, we abstract from other important issues in order to focus on the sovereign’s desire to prevent a successful revolt. We do so in order to highlight one mechanism that we believe contributes to the observed increase in ruler duration. The order of play in the game is as follows: after observing γ the sovereign moves first and decides whether to keep the entire amount of output he controls to himself or whether to divide it equally between himself and the military. -
Dutch Royal Family
Dutch Royal Family A Wikipedia Compilation by Michael A. Linton PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Fri, 08 Nov 2013 22:31:29 UTC Contents Articles Dutch monarchs family tree 1 Chalon-Arlay 6 Philibert of Chalon 8 Claudia of Chalon 9 Henry III of Nassau-Breda 10 René of Chalon 14 House of Nassau 16 Johann V of Nassau-Vianden-Dietz 34 William I, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg 35 Juliana of Stolberg 37 William the Silent 39 John VI, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg 53 Philip William, Prince of Orange 56 Maurice, Prince of Orange 58 Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange 63 Amalia of Solms-Braunfels 67 Ernest Casimir I, Count of Nassau-Dietz 70 William II, Prince of Orange 73 Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange 77 Charles I of England 80 Countess Albertine Agnes of Nassau 107 William Frederick, Prince of Nassau-Dietz 110 William III of England 114 Mary II of England 133 Henry Casimir II, Prince of Nassau-Dietz 143 John William III, Duke of Saxe-Eisenach 145 John William Friso, Prince of Orange 147 Landgravine Marie Louise of Hesse-Kassel 150 Princess Amalia of Nassau-Dietz 155 Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Baden-Durlach 158 William IV, Prince of Orange 159 Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange 163 George II of Great Britain 167 Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau 184 Charles Christian, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg 186 William V, Prince of Orange 188 Wilhelmina of Prussia, Princess of Orange 192 Princess Louise of Orange-Nassau 195 William I of the Netherlands -
Of Enea Silvio Piccolomini (December 1452, Vienna)
Oration “Sentio” of Enea Silvio Piccolomini (December 1452, Vienna). Edited and translated by Michael von Cotta-Schönberg. 8th version. (Orations of Enea Silvio Piccolomini / Pope Pius II; 20) Michael Cotta-Schønberg To cite this version: Michael Cotta-Schønberg. Oration “Sentio” of Enea Silvio Piccolomini (December 1452, Vienna). Edited and translated by Michael von Cotta-Schönberg. 8th version. (Orations of Enea Silvio Pic- colomini / Pope Pius II; 20). 2019. hal-01075499 HAL Id: hal-01075499 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01075499 Submitted on 1 Oct 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. (Orations of Enea Silvio Piccolomini / Pope Pius II; 20) 0 Oration “Sentio” of Enea Silvio Piccolomini (December 1452, Vienna). Edited and translated by Michael von Cotta-Schönberg 8th version 2019 1 Abstract In his capacity as guardian of Ladislaus the Posthumous, Duke of Austria and King of Hungary and Bohemia, Emperor Friederich III of Habsburg had by 1452 ruled Ladislaus’ Austrian lands for more than a decade. Growing dissatisfaction with his rule led to an Austrian rebellion with the aim of freeing Ladislaus from the emperor’s guardianship and transferring the rule of Ladislaus’ territories from Friedrich to a government based in Vienna. -
The Tournament and Its Role in the Court Culture of Emperor Maximilian I
i The Tournament and its Role in the Court Culture of Emperor Maximilian I (1459-1519) Natalie Margaret Anderson Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds, Institute for Medieval Studies March 2017 ii The candidate confirms that the work submitted is her own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. © 2017 The University of Leeds and Natalie Margaret Anderson The right of Natalie Margaret Anderson to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by Natalie Margaret Anderson in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. iii Acknowledgements I must first acknowledge the help and support of my supervisors, Dr Alan V. Murray and Dr Karen Watts. They have been there since the beginning when I took part in their ‘Tournaments’ module during my MA studies, which first introduced me to the fantastical world of Maximilian’s tournaments. They also helped me to craft the idea for this research project while I was still exploring the exciting but daunting prospect of undertaking a PhD. Their words of advice, patience, and sometimes much-needed prodding over the past four years helped to bring about this thesis. Thank you as well to my examiners, Professor Stephen Alford and Professor Maria Hayward, whose insights helped to greatly improve this thesis. Thank you to the University of Leeds, whose funding in the form of a Leeds International Research Scholarship made this research possible.