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A Checklist of the Non -Acarine Arachnids
Original Research A CHECKLIST OF THE NON -A C A RINE A R A CHNIDS (CHELICER A T A : AR A CHNID A ) OF THE DE HOOP NA TURE RESERVE , WESTERN CA PE PROVINCE , SOUTH AFRIC A Authors: ABSTRACT Charles R. Haddad1 As part of the South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA) in conserved areas, arachnids Ansie S. Dippenaar- were collected in the De Hoop Nature Reserve in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. The Schoeman2 survey was carried out between 1999 and 2007, and consisted of five intensive surveys between Affiliations: two and 12 days in duration. Arachnids were sampled in five broad habitat types, namely fynbos, 1Department of Zoology & wetlands, i.e. De Hoop Vlei, Eucalyptus plantations at Potberg and Cupido’s Kraal, coastal dunes Entomology University of near Koppie Alleen and the intertidal zone at Koppie Alleen. A total of 274 species representing the Free State, five orders, 65 families and 191 determined genera were collected, of which spiders (Araneae) South Africa were the dominant taxon (252 spp., 174 genera, 53 families). The most species rich families collected were the Salticidae (32 spp.), Thomisidae (26 spp.), Gnaphosidae (21 spp.), Araneidae (18 2 Biosystematics: spp.), Theridiidae (16 spp.) and Corinnidae (15 spp.). Notes are provided on the most commonly Arachnology collected arachnids in each habitat. ARC - Plant Protection Research Institute Conservation implications: This study provides valuable baseline data on arachnids conserved South Africa in De Hoop Nature Reserve, which can be used for future assessments of habitat transformation, 2Department of Zoology & alien invasive species and climate change on arachnid biodiversity. -
Whatyourdrmaynottellyouabou
What Your Doctor May Not Tell You About Parasites First published in Great Britain in 2015 by Health For The People Ltd. Tel: 0800 310 21 21 [email protected] www.hompes-method.com www.h-pylori-symptoms.com Copyright © 2015 David Hompes, Health For The People Ltd. David Hompes asserts the moral right to be identified as the author of this work. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publishers. HEALTH DISCLAIMER The information in this book is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease, nor should it replace a one-to-one relationship with your physician. You should always seek consultation with a qualified medical practitioner before commencing any protocol contained herein. This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out or otherwise circulated without the publisher’s prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed upon the subsequent purchaser. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data. 2 What Your Doctor May Not Tell You About Parasites Contents Introduction 5-13 1 What is a Parasite? 14-26 2 Where are Parasites to be found? 27-33 3 Why doesn’t the Medical System fully acknowledge 34-38 Parasites? 4 How on earth do you acquire Parasites? -
MIM3 Draft Press Release Final Docx
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE CONTACT: Tahli Kouperstein, (240) 662-2221 [email protected] EXPECT THE UNEXPECTED IN AN ALL-NEW SEASON OF ANIMAL PLANET’S MONSTERS INSIDE ME -- On October 5, Season Three Shares the Gruesome and Deadly Stories Of Parasites Living Within Us -- (Silver Spring, Md.) – Just because a parasite is not a bear, tiger or some other large predator, that doesn’t mean it can’t be as deadly…if not more so. MONSTERS INSIDE ME returns on Friday, October 5, at 8 PM (ET/PT), retelling the real-life, harrowing dramas of people infected by deadly parasites as doctors and scientists try to unravel each case before it’s too late. MONSTERS INSIDE ME reveals what happens to unsuspecting victims when the smallest creatures turn out to be the biggest monsters. Parasites are organisms that live on or in another species, which then serve as hosts from which the parasite gains nutrients. Failing to recognize or incorrectly diagnosing a parasite can wreak havoc and sometimes cause death. This season, MONSTERS INSIDE ME features stories about people who are harboring tapeworms, flesh-eating diseases, the bubonic plague, rabies, rat-bite fever, a brain-eating amoeba and more. The series also chronicles accounts of victims who suffer from objects that mistakenly are left in them during surgery. • When Kiera, from Springfield, Ohio, experiences severe headaches, she is rushed to the emergency room. Initially, doctors perform a spinal tap and suspect meningitis. After an MRI is performed, doctors realize she might have a teratoma, a tumor that is composed of cells from other organs, which can grow hair, teeth and even eyes. -
Ediacaran) of Earth – Nature’S Experiments
The Early Animals (Ediacaran) of Earth – Nature’s Experiments Donald Baumgartner Medical Entomologist, Biologist, and Fossil Enthusiast Presentation before Chicago Rocks and Mineral Society May 10, 2014 Illinois Famous for Pennsylvanian Fossils 3 In the Beginning: The Big Bang . Earth formed 4.6 billion years ago Fossil Record Order 95% of higher taxa: Random plant divisions domains & kingdoms Cambrian Atdabanian Fauna Vendian Tommotian Fauna Ediacaran Fauna protists Proterozoic algae McConnell (Baptist)College Pre C - Fossil Order Archaean bacteria Source: Truett Kurt Wise The First Cells . 3.8 billion years ago, oxygen levels in atmosphere and seas were low • Early prokaryotic cells probably were anaerobic • Stromatolites . Divergence separated bacteria from ancestors of archaeans and eukaryotes Stromatolites Dominated the Earth Stromatolites of cyanobacteria ruled the Earth from 3.8 b.y. to 600 m. [2.5 b.y.]. Believed that Earth glaciations are correlated with great demise of stromatolites world-wide. 8 The Oxygen Atmosphere . Cyanobacteria evolved an oxygen-releasing, noncyclic pathway of photosynthesis • Changed Earth’s atmosphere . Increased oxygen favored aerobic respiration Early Multi-Cellular Life Was Born Eosphaera & Kakabekia at 2 b.y in Canada Gunflint Chert 11 Earliest Multi-Cellular Metazoan Life (1) Alga Eukaryote Grypania of MI at 1.85 b.y. MI fossil outcrop 12 Earliest Multi-Cellular Metazoan Life (2) Beads Horodyskia of MT and Aust. at 1.5 b.y. thought to be algae 13 Source: Fedonkin et al. 2007 Rise of Animals Tappania Fungus at 1.5 b.y Described now from China, Russia, Canada, India, & Australia 14 Earliest Multi-Cellular Metazoan Animals (3) Worm-like Parmia of N.E. -
Taxonomy and Diversity of the Sponge Fauna from Walters Shoal, a Shallow Seamount in the Western Indian Ocean Region
Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region By Robyn Pauline Payne A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Magister Scientiae in the Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape. Supervisors: Dr Toufiek Samaai Prof. Mark J. Gibbons Dr Wayne K. Florence The financial assistance of the National Research Foundation (NRF) towards this research is hereby acknowledged. Opinions expressed and conclusions arrived at, are those of the author and are not necessarily to be attributed to the NRF. December 2015 Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region Robyn Pauline Payne Keywords Indian Ocean Seamount Walters Shoal Sponges Taxonomy Systematics Diversity Biogeography ii Abstract Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region R. P. Payne MSc Thesis, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape. Seamounts are poorly understood ubiquitous undersea features, with less than 4% sampled for scientific purposes globally. Consequently, the fauna associated with seamounts in the Indian Ocean remains largely unknown, with less than 300 species recorded. One such feature within this region is Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount located on the South Madagascar Ridge, which is situated approximately 400 nautical miles south of Madagascar and 600 nautical miles east of South Africa. Even though it penetrates the euphotic zone (summit is 15 m below the sea surface) and is protected by the Southern Indian Ocean Deep- Sea Fishers Association, there is a paucity of biodiversity and oceanographic data. -
Drivers of Octopus Abundance in an Anchialine Lake
1 1 Drivers of octopus abundance and density in an anchialine lake: 2 a 30 year comparison 3 4 Duncan A. O’Brien a,d* - [email protected] 5 Michelle L. Taylor a - [email protected] 6 Heather D. Masonjones b - [email protected] 7 Philipp H. Boersch-Supan c - [email protected] 8 Owen R. O’Shea d - [email protected] 9 10 a School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK 11 b Biology Department, University of Tampa, Tampa, Florida 33596, USA 12 c British Trust for Ornithology, The Nunnery, Thetford, IP24 2PU, UK and Department of 13 Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA 14 d The Centre for Ocean Research and Education (CORE), PO Box 255-16, Gregory Town, 15 Eleuthera, The Bahamas 16 17 *Corresponding author 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 2 27 Abstract 28 Anchialine systems are isolated from the sea and often support species’ populations distinct from 29 their marine counterparts. Sweetings Pond, an anchialine lake on the island of Eleuthera in The 30 Bahamas was identified as a site of high Caribbean reef octopus, Octopus briareus (Robson, 31 1929) density, relative to coastal populations. However, observed deterioration in local benthic 32 habitat and increased anthropogenic influence over the last 30 years imply that this octopus 33 population may have undergone density and distribution shifts in response to these changing 34 conditions. Here, we assess the system wide octopus density to provide an updated estimate. We 35 hypothesize that despite depressed habitat availability in the 1980s, it will now support octopus 36 densities less than historical estimates because of increasing human impact on the system. -
A Study of Learning Gains and Attitudes in Biology Using an Emerging Disease Model in Teaching Ecology
A Study of Learning Gains and Attitudes in Biology Using an Emerging Disease Model in Teaching Ecology Susan Chabot CATALySES, Summer 2017 Science Teacher/Department Chair Lemon Bay High School Englewood, Florida [email protected] Abstract Lemon Bay High School (LBHS) is a mid-sized suburban public high school on the southwest coast of Florida in Charlotte County. Although we have a robust honors and advance placement (AP) science program, the number of general students taking additional science classes is small. We have recognized this trend and account dwindling general science enrollment to the shift in biology instruction that followed the state induction of the biology end-of-course exam (EOC). All students must pass biology and take (not pass) the biology EOC to receive a high school diploma. Instruction in preparation for changing biology standards and focus over the last 15 years has drastically altered the delivery of biology content. Although currently more emphasis is placed on project-based/thematic learning units, teachers of biology have been forced to rely on direct instruction methods in order to complete the necessary material for this state-mandated test. The shift has been away from depth of understanding and scientific thinking skills to quick-coverage of material in the hopes students will recall some vocabulary and concepts during the biology end-of-course exam. With stagnant test scores in general biology classes and waning appreciation for the sciences, the belief is that student attitudes and science content understanding will improve through the integration of thematic, project-based learning units that incorporate emerging pathogens, disease, and biology content standards. -
New Species from the Deep Pacific Suggest That Carnivorous Sponges Date Back to the Early Jurassic. Some Deep-Sea Poecilosclerid
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Nature Precedings New species from the deep Pacific suggest that carnivorous sponges date back to the Early Jurassic. Jean Vacelet1 & Michelle Kelly2 1Centre d’Océanologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 6540 DIMAR, Station Marine d’Endoume, rue Batterie des Lions, 13007 Marseille, France ([email protected]) 2National Centre for Aquatic Biodiversity and Biosecurity, National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd, P. O. Box 109-695, Newmarket, Auckland, New Zealand ([email protected]) Some deep-sea poecilosclerid sponges (Porifera) have developed a carnivorous feeding habit that is very surprising in sponges1. As shown by the typical morphology of their spicules, they most probably evolved from “normal sponges” under the difficult conditions of a deep-sea environment. Such evolution, which implies the loss of the diagnostic character of the phylum Porifera, i.e. a filter feeding habit through a complex aquiferous system, should be of great interest in the understanding of the origin of metazoans. Some scenarios, based on the hypothesis of the paraphyly of Porifera, allege that metazoans could derive from a sponge filter-feeding body plan. A difficulty, however, is to imagine the transition from a sponge grade of organization to other organization plans2. Carnivorous sponges demonstrate that a functional, non filter-feeding animal may derive from a conventional sponge body plan, albeit nothing is known of the age of this evolution. Here we report that newly discovered species of Chondrocladia from the deep Pacific display special spicules that were previously recorded only as isolated spicules from sediment dating back to the Early Jurassic and Miocene periods. -
Carnivorous Sponges of the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans
&DUQLYRURXVVSRQJHVRIWKH$WODQWLFDQG $UFWLF2FHDQV 3K\ORJHQ\WD[RQRP\GLVWULEXWLRQDQGPLFURELDODVVRFLDWLRQVRIWKH &ODGRUKL]LGDH 'HPRVSRQJLDH3RHFLORVFOHULGD -RQ7KRPDVVHQ+HVWHWXQ Dissertation for the degree of philosophiae doctor (PhD) at the University of Bergen 'LVVHUWDWLRQGDWH1RYHPEHUWK © Copyright Jon Thomassen Hestetun The material in this publication is protected by copyright law. Year: 2016 Title: Carnivorous sponges of the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans Phylogeny, taxonomy, distribution and microbial associations of the Cladorhizidae (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida) Author: Jon Thomassen Hestetun Print: AiT Bjerch AS / University of Bergen 3 Scientific environment This PhD project was financed through a four-year PhD position at the University of Bergen, and the study was conducted at the Department of Biology, Marine biodiversity research group, and the Centre of Excellence (SFF) Centre for Geobiology at the University of Bergen. The work was additionally funded by grants from the Norwegian Biodiversity Centre (grant to H.T. Rapp, project number 70184219), the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters (grant to H.T. Rapp), the Research Council of Norway (through contract number 179560), the SponGES project through Horizon 2020, the European Union Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (grant agreement No 679849), the Meltzer Fund, and the Joint Fund for the Advancement of Biological Research at the University of Bergen. 4 5 Acknowledgements I have, initially through my master’s thesis and now during these four years of my PhD, in all been involved with carnivorous sponges for some six years. Trying to look back and somehow summarizing my experience with this work a certain realization springs to mind: It took some time before I understood my luck. My first in-depth exposure to sponges was in undergraduate zoology, and I especially remember watching “The Shape of Life”, an American PBS-produced documentary series focusing on the different animal phyla, with an enthusiastic Dr. -
A Review of the Anti-Predator Devices of Spiders* Invaders Away Or Kill and Eat Them
Bull. Br. arachnol. Soc. (1995) 10 (3), 81-96 81 A review of the anti-predator devices of spiders* invaders away or kill and eat them. The pirate spiders (Mimetidae) that have been studied feed almost J. L. Cloudsley-Thompson exclusively on other spiders, whilst certain Salticidae 10 Battishill Street, (Portia spp.) feed not only upon insects, but sometimes London Nl 1TE also on other jumping spiders, and even tackle large orb-weavers in their webs (see below). Several other Summary families and genera, including Archaeidae, Palpimanus (Palpimanidae), Argyrodes and Theridion (Theridiidae), The predators of spiders are mostly either about the and Chorizopes (Araneidae) contain species that include same size as their prey (arthropods) or much larger (vertebrates), against each of which different types of de- other spiders in their diet. Sexual cannibalism has been fence have evolved. Primary defences include anachoresis, reviewed by Elgar (1992). Other books in which the phenology, crypsis, protective resemblance and disguise, enemies of spiders are discussed include: Berland (1932), spines and warning coloration, mimicry (especially of ants), Bristowe (1958), Cloudsley-Thompson (1958, 1980), cocoons and retreats, barrier webs, web stabilimenta and Edmunds (1974), Gertsch (1949), Main (1976), Millot detritus, and communal webs. Secondary defences are flight, dropping to the ground, colour change and thanatosis, (1949), Preston-Mafham, R. & K. (1984), Savory (1928), web vibration, whirling and bouncing, autotomy, venoms Thomas (1953) and Wise (1993). (For earlier references, and defensive fluids, urticating setae, warning sounds and see Warburton, 1909). deimatic displays. The anti-predator adaptations of spiders The major predators of spiders fall into two cate- are extremely complex, and combinations of the devices gories: (a) those about the same size as their prey (mainly listed frequently occur. -
Estructura De La Comunidad De Poriferos En El Arrecife “Los Picos”
UNIVERSIDAD VERACRUZANA INSTITUTO DE CIENCIAS MARINAS Y PESQUERÍAS MAESTRÍA EN ECOLOGÍA Y PESQUERÍAS ESTRUCTURA DE LA COMUNIDAD DE PORIFEROS EN EL ARRECIFE “LOS PICOS” EN VERACRUZ, MÉXICO. PROYECTO DE TESIS QUE PRESENTA: BIOL. JANNETH ALEJANDRA MARTÍNEZ VARGAS COMO REQUISITO PARCIAL PARA OBTENER EL TITULO PROFESIONAL DE: MAESTRA EN ECOLOGÍA Y PESQUERÍAS Director/Tutor de tesis: Dr. Alejandro Granados Barba Asesores: Dr. David Salas Monreal Dr. Leonardo D. Ortiz Lozano BOCA DEL RÍO, VERACRUZ "Lo que sabemos es una gota de agua, lo que ignoramos es el océano" Isaac Newton AGRADECIMIENTOS Al Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT), por el apoyo económico otorgado con la beca de maestría no. 448364, sin la cual nada de esto hubiese sido posible. Al Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Pesquerías de la Universidad Veracruzana, a sus académicos y administrativos, por haberme recibido como parte de sus alumnos de maestría, por el apoyo, buenos momentos y todas las enseñanzas. Al Programa de Fortalecimiento de la Calidad Educativa (PFCE) por los apoyos otorgados para la realización del trabajo de campo y para la participación en un congreso nacional (IV Congreso sobre los Recursos Acuáticos del Golfo de México y Mar Caribe - 2017). Al Laboratorio de Investigación de Recursos Acuáticos (LIRA) del Instituto Tecnológico de Boca del Río y todo su personal por facilitarme el acceso para trabajar en sus instalaciones y el uso del equipo para realizar el procesamiento de muestras de granulometría. Al Dr. Alejandro Granados, mi director y asesor, por recibirme en su grupo de trabajo aún sin conocerme. Por su apoyo en el proceso tan cambiante de la tesis que nos recordó una vez más que con la naturaleza nada está escrito. -
Workflows for Rapid Functional Annotation of Diverse
insects Article Workflows for Rapid Functional Annotation of Diverse Arthropod Genomes Surya Saha 1,2 , Amanda M. Cooksey 2,3, Anna K. Childers 4 , Monica F. Poelchau 5 and Fiona M. McCarthy 2,* 1 Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Rd., Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; [email protected] 2 School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, 1117 E. Lowell St., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; [email protected] 3 CyVerse, BioScience Research Laboratories, University of Arizona, 1230 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA 4 Bee Research Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; [email protected] 5 National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 10301 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: fi[email protected] Simple Summary: Genomic technologies are accumulating information about genes faster than ever before, and sequencing initiatives, such as the Earth BioGenome Project, i5k, and Ag100Pest Initiative, are expected to increase this rate of acquisition. However, if genomic sequencing is to be used for the improvement of human health, agriculture, and our understanding of biological systems, it is necessary to identify genes and understand how they contribute to biological outcomes. While there are several well-established workflows for assembling genomic sequences and identifying genes, understanding gene function is essential to create actionable knowledge. Moreover, this functional annotation process must be easily accessible and provide information at a genomic scale to keep up Citation: Saha, S.; Cooksey, A.M.; with new sequence data. We report a well-defined workflow for rapid functional annotation of whole Childers, A.K.; Poelchau, M.F.; proteomes to produce Gene Ontology and pathways information.