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An Analysis of the Acquittal of John Demjanjuk and Its Impact on the Future of Nazi War Crimes Trials Lisa J
Boston College International and Comparative Law Review Volume 18 | Issue 1 Article 4 12-1-1995 Not Guilty – But Not Innocent: An Analysis of the Acquittal of John Demjanjuk and its Impact on the Future of Nazi War Crimes Trials Lisa J. Del Pizzo Follow this and additional works at: http://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/iclr Part of the Criminal Law Commons Recommended Citation Lisa J. Del Pizzo, Not Guilty – But Not Innocent: An Analysis of the Acquittal of John Demjanjuk and its Impact on the Future of Nazi War Crimes Trials, 18 B.C. Int'l & Comp. L. Rev. 137 (1995), http://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/iclr/vol18/iss1/4 This Notes is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at Digital Commons @ Boston College Law School. It has been accepted for inclusion in Boston College International and Comparative Law Review by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ Boston College Law School. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Not Guilty-But Not Innocent: An Analysis of the Acquittal of John Demjanjuk and Its Impact on the Future of Nazi War Crimes Trials INTRODUCTION On July 29, 1993, the Supreme Court of the State of Israel acquit ted John Demjanjuk of charges that he was "Ivan the Terrible," a sadistic Nazi gas chamber operator who assisted in the extermina tion of thousands of Jews at the Treblinka death camp in Poland during World War II.! The acquittal, which overturned the district court's 1988 conviction and death sentence,2 was based on new evidence which created a "reasonable doubt" that Demjanjuk was "Ivan the Terrible" of Treblinka.3 The acquittal of John Demjanjuk comes after a sixteen year legal battle which began in the United States in 1977, when the U.S. -
Holocaust Archaeology: Archaeological Approaches to Landscapes of Nazi Genocide and Persecution
HOLOCAUST ARCHAEOLOGY: ARCHAEOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO LANDSCAPES OF NAZI GENOCIDE AND PERSECUTION BY CAROLINE STURDY COLLS A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Institute of Archaeology and Antiquity College of Arts and Law University of Birmingham September 2011 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT The landscapes and material remains of the Holocaust survive in various forms as physical reminders of the suffering and persecution of this period in European history. However, whilst clearly defined historical narratives exist, many of the archaeological remnants of these sites remain ill-defined, unrecorded and even, in some cases, unlocated. Such a situation has arisen as a result of a number of political, social, ethical and religious factors which, coupled with the scale of the crimes, has often inhibited systematic search. This thesis will outline how a non- invasive archaeological methodology has been implemented at two case study sites, with such issues at its core, thus allowing them to be addressed in terms of their scientific and historical value, whilst acknowledging their commemorative and religious significance. -
Spencer Sunshine*
Journal of Social Justice, Vol. 9, 2019 (© 2019) ISSN: 2164-7100 Looking Left at Antisemitism Spencer Sunshine* The question of antisemitism inside of the Left—referred to as “left antisemitism”—is a stubborn and persistent problem. And while the Right exaggerates both its depth and scope, the Left has repeatedly refused to face the issue. It is entangled in scandals about antisemitism at an increasing rate. On the Western Left, some antisemitism manifests in the form of conspiracy theories, but there is also a hegemonic refusal to acknowledge antisemitism’s existence and presence. This, in turn, is part of a larger refusal to deal with Jewish issues in general, or to engage with the Jewish community as a real entity. Debates around left antisemitism have risen in tandem with the spread of anti-Zionism inside of the Left, especially since the Second Intifada. Anti-Zionism is not, by itself, antisemitism. One can call for the Right of Return, as well as dissolving Israel as a Jewish state, without being antisemitic. But there is a Venn diagram between anti- Zionism and antisemitism, and the overlap is both significant and has many shades of grey to it. One of the main reasons the Left can’t acknowledge problems with antisemitism is that Jews persistently trouble categories, and the Left would have to rethink many things—including how it approaches anti- imperialism, nationalism of the oppressed, anti-Zionism, identity politics, populism, conspiracy theories, and critiques of finance capital—if it was to truly struggle with the question. The Left understands that white supremacy isn’t just the Ku Klux Klan and neo-Nazis, but that it is part of the fabric of society, and there is no shortcut to unstitching it. -
Ignoramus Et Ignorabimus: German Sociologist Peter Ullrich Will Never Know If Left-Wing Antisemitism Really Exists
Ignoramus et ignorabimus: German sociologist Peter Ullrich will never know if left-wing antisemitism really exists The Times of Israel, October 16, 2013 The Center for Research on Antisemitism (ZfA) at Technical University in Berlin has generated a long list of controversies in recent years, take the views of its former head Wolfgang Benz for example. In 2011 he was followed by historian Stefanie Schueler-Springorum, a newcomer in the field of research on antisemitism. On November 8–9, 2013, Schueler-Springorum, the Jewish Museum Berlin, and the foundation Remembrance, Responsibility, and Future (EVZ) will hold an international conference dedicated to antisemitism in Europe today. Among many very troubling speakers at this event, one new German voice will be heard: Peter Ullrich. Ullrich, born 1976, is a sociologist, and recently employed as a co-worker in a project of the Center for Research on Antisemitism (ZfA). In October 2013, he published a book (in German) by well-known publishing house Wallstein dedicated to the analysis of left-wing antisemitism, Germans, Israel, Palestine, and remembrance of the Holocaust. In his book, Peter Ullrich attacks political scientist Samuel Salzborn (born 1977), who is a professor at Goettingen University, and historian Sebastian Voigt, for their criticism of left-wing antisemitism. In 2011, Salzborn and Voigt published an article about troubling tendencies in the party of the Left in Germany, Die Linke. For example, two Members of Parliament and one former Member of Parliament, Inge Höger, Annette Groth, and Norman Paech, respectively, were on the Mavi Marmara in May 2010. This terror vessel was part of the so-called Gaza Flotilla, dedicated to ending the blockade of the Hamas-ruled Gaza strip and to destabilizing Israel. -
Brigitte Bailer-Galanda “Revisionism”1 in Germany and Austria: the Evolution of a Doctrine
www.doew.at Brigitte Bailer-Galanda “Revisionism”1 in Germany and Austria: The Evolution of a Doctrine Published in: Hermann Kurthen/Rainer Erb/Werner Bergmann (ed.), Anti-Sem- itism and Xenophobia in Germany after Unification, New York–Oxford 1997 Development of “revisionism” since 1945 Most people understand so called „revisionism“ as just another word for the movement of holocaust denial (Benz 1994; Lipstadt 1993; Shapiro 1990). Therefore it was suggested lately to use the word „negationism“ instead. How- ever in the author‘s point of view „revisionism“ covers some more topics than just the denying of the National Socialist mass murders. Especially in Germany and Austria there are some more points of National Socialist politics some people have tried to minimize or apologize since 1945, e. g. the responsibility for World War II, the attack on the Soviet Union in 1941 (quite a modern topic), (the discussion) about the number of the victims of the holocaust a. s. o.. In the seventies the late historian Martin Broszat already called that movement „run- ning amok against reality“ (Broszat 1976). These pseudo-historical writers, many of them just right wing extremist publishers or people who quite rapidly turned to right wing extremists, really try to prove that history has not taken place, just as if they were able to make events undone by denying them. A conception of “negationism” (Auerbach 1993a; Fromm and Kernbach 1994, p. 9; Landesamt für Verfassungsschutz 1994) or “holocaust denial” (Lipstadt 1993, p. 20) would neglect the additional components of “revision- ism”, which are logically connected with the denying of the holocaust, this being the extreme variant. -
Das Internet Und Die Leugnung Des Holocaust
Bei dieser Arbeit handelt es sich um eine Wissenschaftliche Hausarbeit, die an der Universität Kassel angefertigt wurde. Die hier veröffentlichte Version kann von der als Prüfungsleistung eingereichten Version geringfügig abweichen. Weitere Wissenschaftliche Hausarbeiten finden Sie hier: https://kobra.bibliothek.uni-kassel.de/handle/urn:nbn:de:hebis:34-2011040837235 Diese Arbeit wurde mit organisatorischer Unterstützung des Zentrums für Lehrerbildung der Universität Kassel veröffentlicht. Informationen zum ZLB finden Sie unter folgendem Link: www.uni-kassel.de/zlb Wissenschaftliche Hausarbeit im Rahmen der Ersten Staatsprüfung für das Lehramt an Gymnasien im Fach Geschichte Eingereicht dem Amt für Lehrerbildung Prüfungsstelle Kassel Thema: „Das Internet und die Leugnung des Holocaust. Neue Perspektiven in deutschsprachigen Veröffentlichungen“ Vorgelegt von: Dennis Beismann 2011 Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Friedhelm Boll Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Einleitung............................................................................................................1 1.1 Stand der Forschung.....................................................................................3 1.1.1 Publikationen aus den Jahren 1970 bis 1993........................................3 1.1.2 Holocaustleugnende Publikationen im Internet....................................4 1.2 Anlage der Studie.........................................................................................7 1.2.1 Fragestellung.........................................................................................7 -
Conceptions of Terror(Ism) and the “Other” During The
CONCEPTIONS OF TERROR(ISM) AND THE “OTHER” DURING THE EARLY YEARS OF THE RED ARMY FACTION by ALICE KATHERINE GATES B.A. University of Montana, 2007 B.S. University of Montana, 2007 A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Colorado in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Arts Department of Germanic and Slavic Languages and Literatures 2012 This thesis entitled: Conceptions of Terror(ism) and the “Other” During the Early Years of the Red Army Faction written by Alice Katherine Gates has been approved for the Department of Germanic and Slavic Languages and Literatures _____________________________________ Dr. Helmut Müller-Sievers _____________________________________ Dr. Patrick Greaney _____________________________________ Dr. Beverly Weber Date__________________ The final copy of this thesis has been examined by the signatories, and we Find that both the content and the form meet acceptable presentation standards Of scholarly work in the above mentioned discipline. iii Gates, Alice Katherine (M.A., Germanic and Slavic Languages and Literatures) Conceptions of Terror(ism) and the “Other” During the Early Years of the Red Army Faction Thesis directed by Professor Helmut Müller-Sievers Although terrorism has existed for centuries, it continues to be extremely difficult to establish a comprehensive, cohesive definition – it is a monumental task that scholars, governments, and international organizations have yet to achieve. Integral to this concept is the variable and highly subjective distinction made by various parties between “good” and “evil,” “right” and “wrong,” “us” and “them.” This thesis examines these concepts as they relate to the actions and manifestos of the Red Army Faction (die Rote Armee Fraktion) in 1970s Germany, and seeks to understand how its members became regarded as terrorists. -
Holocaust-Denial Literature: a Fourth Bibliography
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works Publications and Research York College 2000 Holocaust-Denial Literature: A Fourth Bibliography John A. Drobnicki CUNY York College How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/yc_pubs/25 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] Holocaust-Denial Literature: A Fourth Bibliography John A. Drobnicki This bibliography is a supplement to three earlier ones published in the March 1994, Decem- ber 1996, and September 1998 issues of the Bulletin of Bibliography. During the intervening time. Holocaust revisionism has continued to be discussed both in the scholarly literature and in the mainstream press, especially owing to the libel lawsuit filed by David Irving against Deb- orah Lipstadt and Penguin Books. The Holocaust deniers, who prefer to call themselves “revi- sionists” in an attempt to gain scholarly legitimacy, have refused to go away and remain as vocal as ever— Bradley R. Smith has continued to send revisionist advertisements to college newspapers (including free issues of his new publication. The Revisionist), generating public- ity for his cause. Holocaust-denial, which will be used interchangeably with Holocaust revisionism in this bib- liography, is a body of literature that seeks to “prove” that the Jewish Holocaust did not hap- pen. Although individual revisionists may have different motives and beliefs, they all share at least one point: that there was no systematic attempt by Nazi Germany to exterminate Euro- pean Jewry. -
PDF Van Tekst
Vooys. Jaargang 12 bron Vooys. Jaargang 12. Vooys, Utrecht 1993-1994 Zie voor verantwoording: http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_voo013199401_01/colofon.php © 2012 dbnl i.s.m. 2 [Nummer 1] Het fijne raadsel Over de heterodoxie van de kunst1 Redbad Fokkema ‘Elke kunstenaar houdt zich in zekere zin bezig met metafysica, ook al is zijn werk aards bepaald. En omgekeerd zal het wel hetzelfde zijn.’ Gerrit Kouwenaar (1963) Aan het slot van de roman Houtekiet (1939) van Gerard Walschap bekeert Houtekiet, de natuurmens die van God en maatschappij los is, zich in zekere zin. Als de hoogmis begint, gaat hij niet de kerk binnen, maar beklimt hij de toren. Er staat dan: Niemand heeft Jan Houtekiet kunnen overtuigen dat het beter was naar [...] onnozele preken te luisteren en dat hij daar hoog niet dichter bij God zat dan in de duffe kerk. Hij zat daar niet te prevelen of kruiskens te maken. Hij keek rustig over de velden en in de lucht. En hij voelde zich één met de oneindigheid, waarin onvatbaar voor woorden en gedachten, dat fijne raadsel zweeft [...] dat ons allen boeien blijft in dit aardse leven. Aan deze inwisseling van dogmatische orthodoxie voor een algemene religiositeit - een betrokkenheid op de werkelijkheid en de onwerkelijkheid waarover de ratio zwijgt - moest ik denken toen ik het boekje Over God las, dat in 1983 verscheen. Zeven jonge auteurs schrijven er over de betekenis van hun protestantse dan wel roomse opvoeding voor hun huidig godsidee of godservaring. Oek de Jong had graag het idee God allang vervangen gezien door het idee van het Verhevene: ‘Ieder kan namelijk, zonder enig zielsconflict, ervaren dat de poëzie tot het Verhevene behoort. -
Smith's Report
SMITH’S REPORT On the Holocaust Controversy No. 157 www.Codoh.com January 2009 See Back Issues at: www.smithsreport.com Challenging the Holocaust Taboo Since 1990 The Growing Self-Accusation Movement In Germany By Kevin Käther Translated by J. M. Damon [Translator’s note.] Truth Is Coming to the In the tradition of Henry Tho- Reich Capitol Day 2 of the of the Self- reau and Mahatma Gandhi, the Accusation Trial of Kevin new activists demand that they be Kevin Käther Käther tried and punished for their crimes. My self-accusation trial con- r. Kevin Käther is a rep- tinued on 18 November 2008, and M resentative of the grow- let me begin by saying that it was ing "Self-Accusation" movement, the best trial day so far! Court re- or citizens’ demanding that they be sumed shortly after 1 pm, at which charged and tried for crimes of time I continued submitting my opinion. evidentiary motions, namely the The following trial report re- body of facts establishing the sci- flects the growing courage, enthu- entific validity of Germar Rudolf’s siasm and freshness of vision analyses of the so-called “gas among patriotic young Germans as chambers” at Auschwitz. they answer the call for a new kind Today I submitted the Rudolf of civil disobedience. They are Kevin Käther Expert Report on the ‘Gas Cham- publicly “confessing” the “crime” bers’ of Auschwitz, making clear to of expressing opinions critical of Growing numbers of judges the Court that Rudolf’s critics have their government’s inquisitorial and public officials are also ex- been unable to disprove it. -
Vergangenheit Darf Nicht Totgeschwiegen Werden
Gastbeitrag von OE: Vergangenheit darf nicht totgeschwiegen werden Am 27. Januar 2015 jährt sich der Tag der Befreiung so vieler Menschen aus dem Konzentrationslager Auschwitz zum siebzigsten Mal. In den folgenden Monaten 1945 wurden die Überlebenden auch aus den anderen Konzentrationslagern befreit. Sechs Millionen Juden waren ermordet worden. Welche das große Glück hatten, wieder frei zu kommen, wussten zwar, dass sie überlebt haben, jedoch wussten sie nicht, was sie nun erwartete. Fanden sie vielleicht noch die Partnerin oder den Partner, waren da vielleicht noch Geschwister oder andere Verwandte, gab es noch vereinzelt einen guten alten Freund oder einen der damals in der NS-Zeit seltenen guten Kollegen oder der ganz wenigen ehemaligen hilfreichen Nachbarn? Diese bangen Fragen wurden nicht immer schnell beantwortet. Oft vergingen Monate oder Jahre, oft fanden die Menschen, die das unvorstellbare Leid in den Konzentrationslagern überlebt hatten, kaum jemanden, der ihnen nahe stand. Wo war wer geblieben? Glückliches Wiedersehen Anfang der 1950er Jahre ging ich in Düsseldorf mit meiner Mutter durch den Kaufhof. Vor der Uhren-Abteilung blieb meine Mutter plötzlich stehen, fasste mich am Arm und sagte: „Da steht ein älterer Herr. Ich glaube, den kenne ich von früher. Vielleicht ist das Herr Dalibor !“ „Wer ist Herr Dalibor ?“, fragte ich meine Mutter. „Herr Dalibor ist ein früherer Mitarbeiter im Uhrengeschäft, in dem ich bis 1938 gearbeitet habe. Ich habe ihn damals das letzte Mal gesehen ! Wenn es wirklich Herr Dalibor ist, würde ich mich sehr freuen ! Er ist Jude ! Ein sehr freundlicher Herr ! Ich muss unbedingt wissen, ob er es ist !“ Dann ging meine Mutter auf eine Verkäuferin in der Abteilung zu und fragte sie: „Der ältere Herr in Ihrer Abteilung: Ist das vielleicht Herr Dalibor ?“ Die Verkäuferin nickte überrascht. -
Daniel Stahl. Nazi-Jagd: Südamerikas Diktaturen Und Die Ahndung Von NS-Verbrechen
Daniel Stahl. Nazi-Jagd: Südamerikas Diktaturen und die Ahndung von NS-Verbrechen. Göttingen: Wallstein-Verlag. 2013. Reviewed by: Christiane Grieb, UCL Stahl’s Nazi-Jagd (Nazi Hunt) investigates the responses of South American governments to international requests for cooperation in the search for Nazi war criminals from 1945 through 2011. The Allied war crimes trial programs in Europe were largely limited to the trial of those Nazis identified and arrested in Allied detention centres in Europe. About many of the most atrocious war crimes and its perpetrators though, the public learned of only years or even decades later, and owed only to the locating or capture of Nazis like Mengele, Eichmann, Priebke or Barbie in South American countries. Previous research on escaped Nazi war criminals often focused on: the clandestine organisation of networks (ODESSA) that helped war criminals to thwart prosecution, provided fastidiously reconstructed operations of ‘ratlines’ out of Allied occupied Europe and into the safe havens of South America. Other more recent biographical studies crafted accounts of the social-nationalist careers and personal lives of war criminals in hiding. The German-based historian Daniel Stahl now complements these insights with his studies of judicial attempts to locate and to bring to justice those Nazi war criminals who had escaped to South America. Most capturing are his accounts of the resistance and diplomatic jiggery-pokery that West German prosecutors faced in South America. For decades, the majority of these efforts were foiled and Nazi war criminals could live unmolested in South America. Stahl did not just offer narratives of events, but in fact sought to establish an historical account of the achievements and failures to identify and repatriate Nazi war criminals for trial for a period of 50 years.