Information Classification: PUBLIC
Appendix 1 Restoration Condition Survey Data
Rocks ...... 3 Carloggas Downs ...... 6 Baal...... 8 Dubbers ...... 11 Carrancarrow ...... 20 Cancarrow ...... 21 Goonbarrow ...... 23 Blackpool ...... 29 Hensbarrow ...... 30 Hendra ...... 33 Dorothy ...... 35 Scarcewater ...... 36 Gaverigan ...... 47 Park Pit, St Breward ...... 48 Stannon China Clay Works ...... 50 United Mines Landfill ...... 52
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 1 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
This appendix looks at a number of sites identified on Figure 2 (Appendix 3). These sites were selected in agreement with Cornwall Council and Imerys Minerals Limited (IML) and following discussions with Natural England to cover the range of restored habitats within the China Clay Area. The surveys were undertaken during May 2018. The survey findings considered the establishment of vegetation through the use a standard scoring matrix, developed by Wardell Armstrong. Restoration that has passed the 5-year management plan are not necessarily monitored on a regular basis and therefore this study has assessed the long-term effectiveness of the restoration / habitat improvement works undertaken as part of those projects. The survey recording template includes the following data: • Date the survey was undertaken • The location and grid reference • The type of material present – sand, stent, mica or other • The aspect, slope (<20o, 20-30o, >30o), exposure (high, moderate, low) and altitude (<200m, 200m-300m or >300m). • Date of the restoration scheme • Main surface substrate • Planting method • Year of aftercare management plan, if any • Aftercare maintenance type • The presence of invasive species, the percentage of cover and any management techniques applied • Photos and comments • Assessment of the success (or otherwise) of any restoration measures 1. Successful – subject to ongoing management and maintenance 2. Successful – but not maintained or managed 3. Poor – subject to management but restoration is poor 4. Poor – unmanaged and restoration is poor 5. Unsuccessful – restoration has not succeeded The surveys are presented by Site Name rather than numerical order.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 2 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Rocks Site: 1 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Rocks Easting: 202015 Northing: 058503 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: SW Slope: 20-30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011, Surface substrate: Planting plugs
Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan Period: None Maintenance: Woodland
Invasive species Presence – Y % cover - <25% Effect: minimal managed Other comments: South west facing slope of Rocks – the slope can be partially viewed from the permissive path, although it is well screened by mature woodland at the base of the tip. Tree survival on the lower slopes is poor and has largely become overgrown with bramble and other understorey species. On higher slopes, tree survival is also poor with improved establishment from self-seeded birch and willow. Understorey of grass & moss is most common, with gorse prevalent in a proportion of the lower and middle slopes. Photos:
Restoration success: 4. Poor – unmanaged. (for target habitat of woodland; tip slopes are largely revegetated there is potential for further natural recolonisation)
Site: 2 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Rocks Easting: 202494 Northing: 058139 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: S Slope: 20-30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Planting plugs
Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 3 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: None Maintenance: Woodland
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: More sheltered aspect – oak, ash, and alder evident establishing slowly. Less evidence of invasive species. Good ground cover with grass and moss. Anticipated that woodland canopy will develop slowly.
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 3 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Rocks Easting: 202615 Northing: 058141 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: SW Slope: 20-30 Exposure: Moderate Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Planting plugs
Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Woodland
Invasive species Presence – y % cover - 25-50% Effect: minimal managed Other comments: More sheltered and woodland successfully established on the slopes of the tip. Gorse is evident throughout, but trees are established.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 4 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 4 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Rocks Easting: 202256 Northing: 058704 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: NE Slope: 20-30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Planting plugs
Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Woodland
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: The slope was not accessible, however this north facing slope demonstrates a successful planting scheme that is now well established, with willow in foreground – no access on this side of the tip.
Photos:
Restoration success:
2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 5 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Carloggas Downs
Site: 5 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Carloggas Downs Easting: 202253 Northing: 058712 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: NE Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Sand Planting method: Hydroseeding
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Agricultural, Woodland, Scrub clearance, grazing
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Adjacent to main permissive path, habitat illustrates evidence of good heather cover with fescue / moss ground cover, little or no encroachment of invasive species.
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 6 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Carloggas Downs Easting: 20187 Northing: 056549 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: NE Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Surface substrate: Sand
Planting method: Hydroseeding
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 6 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Maintenance: Agricultural, Woodland, Scrub clearance, grazing
Invasive species Presence – y % cover - 50-75% Effect: unmanaged Other comments: Typical view of habitat from main permissive path, bramble and gorse have encroached in habitat, heather is largely smothered in places.
Photos:
Restoration success: 4. Poor – unmanaged.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 7 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Baal Site: 7 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Baal Easting: 203075 Northing: 056072 Details: Mine waste: mica Aspect: S Slope: <20° Exposure: Low Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Mica Planting method: Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Agricultural, Woodland, Scrub clearance, grazing
Invasive species Presence – n Other comments: Example of a surface pond, probably former lagoon, side are well established with woodland cover. Pond adjacent to permissive path, attractive element of the landscape.
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 8 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Baal Easting: 203080 Northing: 056075 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: SW Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Sand Planting method: Hydroseeding
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Scrub clearance
Invasive species Presence – Y % cover - 25-50% Effect: unmanaged
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 8 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Other comments: Area originally restored to heath but has extensive willow, birch and gorse, developing carr woodland feel. This area lies wet and through lack of future management carr woodland will continue to develop as opposed to heathland. Photos:
Restoration success: 3. Poor – subject to management.
Site: 9 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Baal Easting: 202889 Northing: 055998 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: NE Slope: <20° Exposure: Low Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Sand
Planting method: Hydroseeding
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: grazing
Invasive species Presence – n Other comments: Open heather - minimal encroachment, with the edge of the woodland planting clearly identifiable. Grazing management has been successful in maintaining the characteristics of the habitat.
Photos:
Restoration success: 1. Successful – ongoing management and maintenance.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 9 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Site: 10 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Baal Easting: 202674 Northing: 056078 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: SW Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Sand
Planting method: Hydroseeding
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: grazing
Invasive species Presence – n Other comments: Sparse heather, possibly due to over grazing in the past, ground cover is mossy, there is no encroachment, appropriate grazing management should enable habitat to develop further.
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 10 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Dubbers Site: 11 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Dubbers Woodland Planting Easting: 196349 Northing: 056533 Details: Mine waste: Sand / stent Aspect: SW Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored)
Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Woodland
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Woodland planting, low grass cover with no indication of outcompeting trees. Dark brown medium clay loam topsoil; 15cm depth over a dark greyish brown medium clay loam subsoil (to 45cm) then onto sand.
Photos:
Restoration success: 1. Successful – ongoing management and maintenance.
Site: 12 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Dubbers Easting: 196702 Northing: 056078 Details: Mine waste: Sand / stent Aspect: SW Slope: >30° Exposure: High Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Sand
Planting method: Hydroseeding Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Agricultural, Woodland, Scrub clearance, grazing
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 11 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Heathland habitat, hydroseeding direct onto sand, slope too steep for further management and natural revegetation taking place to give a mosaic of heathland, grassland and scrub.
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 14 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Dubbers Easting: 196845 Northing: 056117 Details: Mine waste: Sand / stent Aspect: SW Slope: >30° Exposure: High Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Sand
Planting method: Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Agricultural, Woodland, Scrub clearance, grazing
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Heathland habitat, hydroseeding direct onto sand, slope too steep for further management and natural revegetation taking place to give a mosaic of heathland, grassland and scrub.
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 15 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Dubbers Easting: 196799 Northing: 055252 Details: Mine waste: Sand / stent
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 12 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Aspect: SW Slope: <20° Exposure: High Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2015, 2016, 2017 Surface substrate: Sand Stent
Planting method: Hydroseeding
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: None
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Rye grass dominated other species in seed mix, overgrowing - not able to withstand long term growth, dying back (inc roots). Dark Brown SFM 0 - 20 cm organic material with a varied decomposition. Evidence of retained water in 20-50 cm on top of sand, blacker organic material. Could possibly look at using less CLO in SFM mix to avoid this on lower soil horizon (below 30cm).
Photos:
Restoration success: 4. Poor – unmanaged.
Site: 16 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Dubbers Easting: 197081 Northing: 056365 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: SW Slope: >30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2017 Surface substrate: SFM
Planting method: Hydroseeding
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Agricultural
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Rye grass dominant in the young sward, evidence of fescue / annual meadow grass in sward. Soil improved drainage due to steep gradient, too steep for management.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 13 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 17 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Dubbers Easting: 197079 Northing: 056370 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: SW Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2017 Surface substrate: SFM
Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: Yr 1 Maintenance: Woodland
Invasive species Presence – n Other comments: Woodland planting into areas previously hydroseeded to grass. Use of 0.75m tree guards will reduce grazing pressure on shoots. Management of understorey in 1m diameter around each tree.
Photos:
Restoration success: 1. Successful – ongoing management and maintenance.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 14 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Site: 18 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Dubbers Easting: 196889 Northing: 056179 Details: Mine waste: Sand / stent Aspect: S Slope: <20° Exposure: High Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2015, 2016, 2017 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored) Sand
Planting method: Hydroseeding
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: None
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Natural soil regeneration grasses are more successful than on the areas restored with SFM. Dark brown medium clay loam topsoil over 20 cm depth over sand.
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed. .
Site: 19 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Dubbers Easting: 196799 Northing: 055252 Details: Mine waste: Sand / stent Aspect: S Slope: 20-30° Exposure: High Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2015, 2016, 2017 Surface substrate: Sand
Planting method: Hydroseeding
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: None
Invasive species Presence – n
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 15 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Other comments: Rye grass dominate, sand mixed with soil (20cm deep) onto sand - water table at this depth - could be recent rainfall influence. Surface erosion due to drainage, prominent in bare areas.
Photos:
Restoration success: 3. Poor – subject to management.
Site: 20 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Dubbers Easting: 197075 Northing: 056458 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: SW Slope: >30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2017 Surface substrate: SFM
Planting method: Hydroseeding
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: None
Invasive species Presence – n Other comments: Annual ryegrass has almost complete die back, with poor survival of other species in the see mix. Few roots evident and lank grass is suppressing natural revegetation.
Photos:
Restoration success: 4. Poor – unmanaged.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 16 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Site: 21 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Dubbers Easting: 197080 Northing: 056486 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: SW Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2016, 2017 Surface substrate: SFM
Planting method: Hydroseeding
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: 2 Maintenance: Agricultural
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Older area of restoration, evidence of annual ryegrass die back, but sward has survived to form a turf with fescue, meadow grass cocksfoot and others present. Management of vegetation will be an issue.
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 22 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Dubbers Easting: 196940 Northing: 056448 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: SW Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2016 Surface substrate: Planting plugs
Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: 2 Maintenance: Agricultural
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 17 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Woodland planting into hydroseeded grass mix on SFM. Grass sward and woodland planting show good growth & survival. Tree guards at 0.75m reduced grazing on shoots. Ongoing annual management of vegetation around each tree.
Photos:
Restoration success: 1. Successful – ongoing management and maintenance.
Site: 23 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Dubbers Easting: 197463 Northing: 055958 Details: Mine waste: Sand / stent Aspect: SE Slope: 20-30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Sand
Planting method: None Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: Yr. 2, Maintenance: Woodland
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Due to be hydroseeded next week. Clear colour change between 0-20 and 20-50 cm as with possible evidence that changes in the soil profile commence shortly after restoration takes place.
Photos:
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 18 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 29 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Dubbers Easting: 196896 Northing: 056164 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: SW Slope: 20-30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2016 Surface substrate: SFM
Planting method: Hydroseeding
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: Yr 2, Maintenance: Agricultural
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Grass seed onto SFM, initial growth of annual ryegrass has died back and other species in the sward develop a turf through the lank vegetation.
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 19 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Carrancarrow
Site: 13 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Carrancarrow Easting: 199263 Northing: 055733 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: NE Slope: <20° Exposure: High Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2015, 2016, 2017 Surface substrate: Sand
Planting method: Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Agricultural, Woodland, Scrub clearance, grazing
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: No soil, hydroseeding direct onto sand. Heathland top of slope. Planted woodland down slope to existing woodland towards pit
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 20 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Cancarrow Site: 24 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Cancarrow Easting: 199246 Northing: 055724 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: NE Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Sand
Planting method: Hydroseeding
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: None
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Grassland established – SFM waterlogged after rain. Soil structure not sufficiently well developed to take weight from walking, thus limiting management of vegetation, which is on a slope sufficiently shallow to take machinery. Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 25 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Cancarrow Easting: 196725 Northing: 054747 Details: Mine waste: Sand / stent Aspect: E Slope: <20° Exposure: High Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Sand
Planting method: Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: None
Invasive species Presence – n St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 21 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Other comments: Heathland on top of stent / sand mix at surface. Heather and mosses most prominent, moderately exposed down the slope. Note area of SFM sown with grass on flatter area, in the background.
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 22 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Goonbarrow Site: 26 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Goonbarrow Easting: 200229 Northing: 057890 Details: Mine waste: stent Aspect: W Slope: >30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored)
Planting method: Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: None
Invasive species Presence – y % cover - <25% Effect: unmanaged Other comments: Heathland on stent material. Encroachment by rhododendron evident on top and bottom of benched slopes.
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 27 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Goonbarrow Easting: 200366 Northing: 058738 Details: Mine waste: stent Aspect: W Slope: >30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored)
Planting method: Hydroseeding Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: None
Invasive species Presence – Y % cover - <25% St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 23 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Effect: unmanaged Other comments: Woodland / scrub coverage (gorse, willow and birch, rhododendron also present). Established on stent / sand mix at surface of the tip.
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 28 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Goonbarrow Easting: 200366 Northing: 058738 Details: Mine waste: Sand / stent Aspect: W Slope: >30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored)
Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Woodland
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Majority of trees have failed to establish, understorey of grass / moss provides a vegetated cover to this slope of the tip.
Photos:
Restoration success: 4. Poor – unmanaged.
Site: 30 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Goonbarrow Easting: 200433
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 24 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Northing: 059116 Details: Mine waste: stent Aspect: N, Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored)
Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Woodland,
Invasive species Presence – n Other comments: Woodland planting on steep outer slope, requires annual maintenance, stock appears show good rates of survival.
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 32 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Goonbarrow Easting: 200569 Northing: 059275 Details: Mine waste: stent Aspect: N Slope: >30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Stent
Planting method: Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: None
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Sparse vegetation on outer facing slope, with stent at surface. No treatment of this slope and natural regeneration is slow and sparse.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 25 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Photos:
Restoration success: 4. Poor – unmanaged.
Site: 33 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Goonbarrow Easting: 200583 Northing: 059273 Details: Mine waste: Sand / stent Aspect: E Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored)
Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Woodland
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Tree planting on surface of the tip. Approximately 50% survival rate – require beat up and replacement next season.
Photos:
Restoration success: 3. Poor – subject to management.
Site: 34 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Goonbarrow Easting: 200747 Northing: 059139 St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 26 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Details: Mine waste: Sand / stent Aspect: E Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored)
Planting method: Hydroseeding Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Grassland
Invasive species Presence – Y % cover - <25%, Effect: unmanaged Other comments: Grassland / heathland good ground cover, heather sparse and rhododendron early signs of natural colonisation.
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 35 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Goonbarrow Easting: 200773 Northing: 059109 Details: Mine waste: Sand / stent Aspect: E Slope: 20-30° Exposure: Low Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored)
Planting method: Hydroseeding Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Woodland
Invasive species Presence – y % cover - <25% Effect: unmanaged Other comments: Extensive area of tree planting, many tree guards have fallen and affected survival of trees. Requires beat up and replacement next season.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 27 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Photos:
Restoration success: 3. Poor – subject to management.
Site: 36 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Goonbarrow Easting: 200846 Northing: 058964 Details: Mine waste: Sand / stent Aspect: E Slope: 20-30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored) Sand
Planting method: Hydroseeding Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: None
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Evidence of heathland establishing, good ground cover.
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 28 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Blackpool Site: 31 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Blackpool (Hornick Hill tip) Easting: 197579 Northing: 055253 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: SW Slope: 20-30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Planting plugs
Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Woodland
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Poor establishment of woodland – evidence of slow or no limited survival. Views of upper slopes limited from permissive path by mature woodland. Understorey of provides a vegetative cover to the tip surface. Photos:
Restoration success: 5. Not successful.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 29 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Hensbarrow Site: 37 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Hensbarrow original heathland habitat Easting: 199326 Northing: 058090 Details: Mine waste: other – natural healthland Aspect: N Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Others Planting method: None Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: None
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Nat heathland, brambles, gorse, long grass, waterlogged, peat top 5cm, organic rich medium clay loam with a weak, moderately developed angular blocky structure of very friable ped strength. Profile to a depth of 30 cm before encountering stones / bed rock. Photos:
Restoration success: None
Site: 38 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Hensbarrow original heathland Easting: 199340 Northing: 058083 Details: Mine waste: other – natural heathland Aspect: N Slope: <20° Exposure: Low Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Others Planting method: None Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: None
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Next to stream, dark brown medium clay loam with a weak, moderately developed angular blocky structure of very friable ped strength. This was observed to 35cm. The subsoil was a mix of strong brown sandy clay loam (medium, moderately developed sub angular blocky structure) and stone. St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 30 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Photos:
Restoration success: None
Site: 39 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Hensbarrow Easting: 197816 Northing: 058342 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: N Slope: 20-30° Exposure: High Moderate Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Sand Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Woodland
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Planted onto sand substrate, no to very little soil. Moss dominates ground layer, poor growth of trees. Direct onto Sand. Young heathland environment present similar to Goonbarrow. Should merge to heathland in Hensbarrow as this is still young and not completely developed
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 40 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Hensbarrow Easting: 197802 St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 31 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Northing: 058292 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: N Slope: 20-30° Exposure: High Moderate Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Sand
Planting method: Hydroseeding Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: None
Invasive species Presence – n Other comments: Heather and mosses dominate to hill top. Shallow/no soil. Some exposed rock banks. Hydroseed direct onto sand substrate.
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed. 3. Poor – subject to management.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 32 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Hendra Site: 41 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Hendra Easting: 196238 Northing: 056781 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: NW Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Sand Planting method: Hydroseeding
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Agricultural
Invasive species Presence – n Other comments: Heathland and acid grassland - good condition - grazed - surface is dry, well established and managed through grazing.
Photos:
Restoration success: 1. Successful – ongoing management and maintenance.
Site: 42 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Hendra / Quarry close Easting: 196124 Northing: 056564 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: SW Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Sand Planting method: Hydroseeding Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 33 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Maintenance: Agricultural
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Excellent heather cover - dry but mossy cover, managed through grazing, good condition.
Photos:
Restoration success: 1. Successful – ongoing management and maintenance.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 34 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Dorothy Site: 43 Date: 02/05/2018 Location: Dorothy Easting: 197549 Northing: 058122 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: SW Slope: >30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2012 Surface substrate: Planting plugs Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Woodland
Invasive species Presence – n Other comments: Woodland slow to establish - ground cover also low and limited invasive species. Woodland mixture of oak, willow alder and holly evident
Photos:
Restoration success:
2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 35 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Scarcewater Site: 44 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Scarcewater (bottom of slope) Easting: 192306 Northing: 053984 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: S Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored) Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Woodland
Invasive species Presence – n Other comments: Well established Ash trees and some hazel. Young, still protected by tree guards. Deer present on Scarcewater. Some management needed of gorse in areas. Dark brown sandy clay loam topsoil to a depth of 35 cm (20 cm Rooting Depth). With a weakly developed, coarse angular blocky structure of friable ped strength. A lot of stones were present.
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 45 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Scarcewater (mid slope) Easting: 192308 Northing: 053973 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: S Slope: <20° Exposure: High Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored) Sand Planting method: Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Grassland
Invasive species Presence – n
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 36 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Other comments: Established grassland, more improved in parts than others, some management of scrub species required. Dark brown medium clay loam topsoil to a depth of 35 cm (15 cm Rooting Depth). The topsoil structure was weakly developed, coarse angular blocky with a very friable ped strength and small stones were present. Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 46 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Scarcewater (top of slope) Easting: 191855 Northing: 054099 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: S Slope: <20° Exposure: High Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored) Sand Planting method: Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Grassland
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Established grassland, more improved in parts than others, some management of scrub species required. Dark brown medium clay loam topsoil to a depth of 35 cm, with a stone free, weak, moderately developed angular blocky structure of friable ped strength, to a depth of 35cm (with a 15cm rooting depth)
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 37 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 47 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Scarcewater (top of slope) Easting: 192352 Northing: 054174 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: S Slope: <20° Exposure: High Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored) Sand Planting method: Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Grassland
Invasive species Presence – n Other comments: Established grassland, more improved in parts than others, some management of scrub species required. Brown medium clay loam topsoil, weak, moderately developed subangular blocky structure of friable ped strength. This was observed to a depth of 30 cm (5 cm rooting depth) and small stones were present in upper profile. Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 38 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Site: 48 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Scarcewater (mid slope) Easting: 192358 Northing: 054089 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: S Slope: <20° Exposure: High Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored) Sand Planting method: Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Grassland
Invasive species Presence – n Other comments: Established grassland, more improved in parts than others, some management of scrub species required. Brown medium clay loam topsoil, weak, moderately developed angular blocky structure of friable ped strength. This was observed to a depth of 50 cm (with a rooting depth of 20-30 cm) and small stones were present. Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 49 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Scarcewater (bottom of slope) Easting: 192367 Northing: 054007 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: S Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored) Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Woodland
Invasive species Presence - n
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 39 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Other comments: Established young trees within guards, limited failures. Brown sandy clay loam topsoil with strong brown mottles. This topsoil was observed to have a weak, moderately developed subangular blocky structure of friable ped strength. This was observed to a depth of 60cm (with a 15cm rooting depth) and small stones were present. Photos:
Restoration success:
2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 50 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Scarcewater (bottom of slope) Easting: 192440 Northing: 054018 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: S Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored) Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Woodland
Invasive species Presence – n
Other comments: Established young trees within guards, limited failures. Brown, medium clay loam topsoil to a depth of 50 cm (20 cm Rooting Depth), with a weakly developed, coarse angular blocky structure of very friable ped strength. Small stones were present.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 40 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 51 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Scarcewater (mid slope) Easting: 192441 Northing: 054078 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: S Slope: <20° Exposure: High Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date: 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored) Sand
Planting method: Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Grassland
Invasive species Presence – n Other comments: Established grassland, more improved in parts than others, some management of scrub species required. Brown medium clay loam topsoil to a depth of 30 cm (5 cm Rooting Depth), with a weakly developed, coarse angular blocky structure of very friable ped strength. Small stones were present Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 52 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Scarcewater (top of slope)
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 41 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Easting: 192420 Northing: 054186 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: S Slope: <20° Exposure: High Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored) Sand Planting method: Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Grassland
Invasive species Presence – n Other comments: Established grassland, more improved in parts than others, some management of scrub species required. Brown medium clay loam topsoil to a depth of 30 cm (5 cm Rooting Depth), with a weakly developed, coarse angular blocky structure of very friable ped strength. Small stones were present. Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 53 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Scarcewater (Agricultural Land) Easting: 192614 Northing: 054037 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: S Slope: 20-30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2014 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored) Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Agricultural, grazing
Invasive species Presence – n
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 42 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Other comments: Established pasture, protected by Cornwall hedgerows. Evidence of wetter ground to the southern extent of the field (reeds present) and towards ditch/pond - possible need to look at drainage. Presumed topping/mowing maintenance is already present. Dark to strong brown sandy clay loam topsoil, observed to a depth of 60 cm (20 cm rooting depth). With a weakly developed, coarse subangular blocky structure with friable ped strength. Small stones were present. Photos:
Restoration success: 1. Successful – ongoing management and maintenance.
Site: 54 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Scarcewater (Agricultural Land) Easting: 192735 Northing: 054111 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: S Slope: 20-30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2014 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored) Planting method: Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Agricultural, grazing
Invasive species Presence – n Other comments: Established pasture, protected by Cornwall hedgerows. Silage cut taken annually. Dark brown sandy clay loam topsoil, observed to a depth of 40 cm (15 cm rooting depth). With a weakly developed, coarse subangular blocky structure with friable ped strength. Small stones were present. Photos:
Restoration success: 1. Successful – ongoing management and maintenance.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 43 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Site: 55 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Scarcewater (Eastern planted woodland) Easting: 192943 Northing: 054220 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: E Slope: 20-30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored) Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Woodland
Invasive species Presence – n Other comments: Scrub outgrowing trees across most of the area - thick coverage, difficult to get into the soils, assumed thin soil as per SWT13 from further up slope. Dark brown medium clay loam topsoil to a depth of 30 cm (10 - 15 cm rooting depth). With a weakly developed, coarse angular blocky structure of friable ped strength. A lot of stones were present.
Photos:
Restoration success: 3. Poor – subject to management.
Site: 56 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Scarcewater (Eastern Restoration) Easting: 192941 Northing: 054172 Details: Mine waste: Sand Aspect: E Slope: 20-30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored) Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Woodland
Invasive species Presence – n
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 44 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Other comments: Better established young trees in this area, less exposed. Grass layer more prominent than shrub layer. Dark brown medium clay loam topsoil to a depth of 30 cm (10 - 15 cm rooting depth). With a weakly developed, coarse angular blocky structure of friable ped strength. Stones frequent. Photos:
Restoration success: 2. Successful – not maintained/managed.
Site: 58 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Scarcewater (Western Edge) Easting: 192055 Northing: 054417 Details: Mine waste: Sand / stent Aspect: W Slope: 20-30° Exposure: High Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2014 Surface substrate: Sand Stent Planting method: Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: None
Invasive species Presence – n Other comments: Some grasses/buttercups but no clear vegetation layer onto fine sand layer, awaiting final restoration – potentially using SFM for later phases.
Photos:
Restoration success: St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 45 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
6. Partially restored.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 46 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Gaverigan Site: 57 Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Gaverigan Easting: 192785 Northing: 058533 Details: Mine waste: Sand / stent Aspect: N Slope: 20-30° Exposure: High Moderate Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: 2011 Surface substrate: Sand Planting method: Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: none Maintenance: Woodland, Scrub clearance
Invasive species Presence – n Other comments: Large Areas of Scrub Dominate woodland planting - Bramble and Gorse. Established woodland at western edge but more open gorse dominant to the east on thin stony soils. Direct onto Sand
Photos:
Restoration success: 3. Poor – subject to management.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 47 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Park Pit, St Breward Site: 59 Date: 21/07/2018 Location: Former Park Pit near St Breward Easting: 219573 Northing: 070734 Details: Mine waste: Sand / mica Aspect: Overview of site Slope: <20° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: Prior to 2010 Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored) Sand Mica Planting method: Hydroseeding Broadcast Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: Aftercare completed in 2015 Maintenance: Woodland, Scrub clearance, invasive weed clearance, grazing Invasive species Presence – y % cover - <25% Effect: minimal managed
Other comments The former pit comprises a pit lake; sand tip which has been reshaped and is now heathland habitat through initial broadcast of locally gathered seed and then natural regeneration; and an infilled mica lagoon restored to semi-improved grassland which is now grazed. The pit to tip interface has been contoured. After completion of formal aftercare, grazing management has been used to maintain the development of moorland and wetland habitats; which are being allowed to generate and develop naturally. Woodland management has been targeted at replacing non-native species in the screen planting areas, with native deciduous broadleaf woodland. Access remains limited and this lack of disturbance has assisted in the overall management of the site to an area that favours wildlife. The setting is generally agricultural enclosures rising to the moorland habitats of Bodmin Moor to the north. The site located away from public access points and therefore aerial images are presented to show the development of restoration over time.
Photos: View from site entrance looking east. Shows screening planting in foreground; woodland planting and pit lake in mid-ground; and recontoured sand tip with heathland vegetation to background.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 48 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Restoration plan
(reproduced from Davis, I. Code 7 Consulting, on behalf of South West Water (2012). Park Lake. Former Park Pit China Clay Extraction Works. Prohibition Order Annual Report August 2011 to July 2012.) Aerial Images 2001 2005 Reproduced from Google Earth. © 2018 Getmapping Plc © 2018 Infoterra Ltd and Bluesky
2010 2017
Restoration success: 1. Successful – ongoing management and maintenance.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 49 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Stannon China Clay Works Site: 60 Date: 21/07/2018 Location: Former Stannon China Clay Extraction Works Easting: 212901 Northing: 080728 Details: Mine waste: Sand / stent / mica Aspect: Overview of site Slope: 20-30° Exposure: Moderate Altitude: 200-300m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: Prior to 2016 Surface substrate: Sand Stent Mica Planting method: Hydroseeding Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation Natural regeneration Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: Aftercare completed 2014 Maintenance: Scrub clearance, grazing
Invasive species Presence – n Other The former pit comprises a pit lake, recountered stent and sand tip, mica lagoon dam and infill, comments: together with flatter zones between pit rim and tips/lagoon. The setting of the mine is generally agricultural enclosures rising to moorland habitats of Bodmin Moor to north and east of the mine. Photos: Mine during initial restoration works (supplied by IML)
Seeding on slopes between pit and tip Hydroseeding and natural revegetation on tip slopes adjacent to access track
Pit lake and hydroseed on pit rim Design and landscape works of overflow
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 50 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Overview at Stent/sand tip – developing moorland habitat, with pit lake in foreground, acid grassland 2018 (Photos by managed through grazing. Drainage channels for surface water run off to pit lake in foreground Wardell Armstrong)
Mica dam, hydroseeded and established acid grassland, with gorse/shrub established on lower slopes
Restoration success: 1. Successful – ongoing management and maintenance.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 51 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
United Mines Landfill Site: 61 Date: 21/07/2018 Location: United Mines Landfill Easting: 174300 Northing: 041000 Details: Mine waste: Sand / other (landfilled wastes with capping and soil or sand over) Aspect: Overview of site Slope: <20° Exposure: Low Altitude: <200m Restoration: Date of restoration scheme: Majority of restoration completed in 2017, but some works ongoing Surface substrate: Natural soil (restored) Sand Others Planting method: Hydroseeding Plug/tree/hedgerow plantation
Aftercare Aftercare Management Plan: Detailed management planning up to 2021 and outline management requirements submitted as part of the amendment to the restoration scheme in 2016. Maintenance: Agricultural, Woodland, Scrub clearance, grazing
Invasive species Presence – n
Other The former mine has been utilised as a landfill site (inert non-hazardous and hazardous wastes) and comments: consequently the landform has been built up/ restored to tie in with existing land levels outside the excavation area. Proposed restoration habitat types are heathland, hedges, rough grassland and semi- improved pasture, and native broadleaf woodland with extensive glades.
The setting is the settlement and industrial areas of Carharrack to the north and north east, with woodland and agricultural enclosures elsewhere.
The majority of restoration work at the former landfill site was undertaken prior to and in 2017 grass seeding, woodland and hedgerow planting had been completed, although it is too early to confirm the success, at this stage. Grassland seeding is over sand (run-of-mine waste), whereas soils (subsoil and topsoil) are evident in areas of woodland planting. Permissive paths have been fenced and infrastructure is in place for the final route of public footpaths, post restoration and aftercare. At the time of visual survey, approximately 0.3 to 0.5m of sand (China Clay run-of-mine material) had been placed over the landfill capping layer and the surface was prepared for sowing (hydroseeding) heathland. There was evidence of erosion gully formation in the sand layer supporting the grassland.
Photos: Woodland planting over soils Grass seeding over sand (China Clay run-of-mine waste) with erosion gully. With line of restoration tree planting and the natural habitats of the surrounding area beyond.
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 52 March 2021
Information Classification: PUBLIC
Patchy grassland establishment over sand Permissive path with temporary fencing
Looking north across site with soil placement in area of proposed woodland planting to foreground. Acid grassland restoration and scrub in the background.
Restoration success: Cannot be determined at this stage
St Austell China Clay Restoration & Tipping Strategy Supplementary Planning Document DRAFT – Appendix 1 53 March 2021