DOCSLIB.ORG

Servicios Ecosistémicos En Medellín

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Servicios Ecosistémicos En Medellín PROPUESTA PARA LA GESTIÓN INTEGRAL DE LA BIODIVERSIDAD Y LOS SERVICIOS ECOSISTÉMICOS EN MEDELLÍN Síntesis del documento técnico de soporte En convenio con: Publicación de la Alcaldía de Medellín, producida por el Parque Explora en convenio de Asociación 4600048433. Todos los derechos reservados Alcaldía de Medellín ISBN 978-958-8888-04-0 Esta es una publicación oficial del Municipio de Medellín. Se realiza en cumplimiento de lo dispuesto en el Artículo 10 de la Ley 1474 de 2011-Estatuto Anticorrupción, que dispone la prohibición de la divulgación de programas y políticas oficiales para la promoción de los servidores públicos, partidos políticos o candidatos. Queda prohibida la reproducción total o fragmentaria de su contenido, sin autorización escrita de la Secretaría General del Municipio de Medellín. Así mismo, se encuentra prohibida la utilización de características de la publicación, que puedan crear confusión. El Municipio de Medellín dispone de marcas registradas, algunas citadas en la presente publicación con la debida autorización y protección legal. Todas las publicaciones de la Alcaldía de Medellín son de distribución gratuita. CONTENIDO 19 INTRODUCCIÓN 21 CAPÍTULO 1 23 ANTECEDENTES 27 CAPÍTULO 2 29 CONTEXTO TERRITORIAL 29 Generalidades 31 Aspectos generales del bienestar humano en Medellín 34 Modelo de ordenamiento físico-espacial y desarrollo territorial 36 Dinámicas territoriales 39 CAPÍTULO 3 41 LA BIODIVERSIDAD COMO SOPORTE PARA LA TOMA DE DECISIONES EN EL TERRITORIO DE MEDELLÍN 42 La biodiversidad en Medellín 46 Áreas prioritarias para la conservación y la prestación de servicios ecosistémicos 48 Aves 55 Mamíferos 61 Anfibios y reptiles 67 Insectos 71 Plantas 78 Peces 81 CAPÍTULO 4 83 LOS ECOSISTEMAS Y SUS SERVICIOS: BASE DEL BIENESTAR HUMANO 87 Identificación de servicios ecosistémicos 87 Espacialización y cuantificación de servicios ecosistémicos 89 Identificación de fuentes e insumos de información 90 Identificación y análisis de servicios ecosistémicos 90 Servicios ecosistémicos de soporte 90 Conservación de hábitats para la diversidad biológica 104 Control biológico, polinización y dispersión de germoplasma 117 Servicios ecosistémicos de provisión 117 Provisión y regulación hídrica 121 Provisión de madera 126 Provisión de alimentos y medicinas 139 Provisión de productos forestales no maderables 141 Servicios ecosistémicos culturales 141 Ocio, recreación y goce estético 152 Servicios ecosistémicos de regulación 152 Moderación de eventos extremos por movimientos en masa 154 Regulación climática (por almacenamiento de carbono en la biomasa aérea) 161 Transporte y dilución de contaminantes líquidos 165 Captación de material particulado del aire 171 Regulación del microclima y mitigación del ruido 172 Consideraciones finales 173 CAPÍTULO 5 175 CONSTRUCCIÓN PARTICIPATIVA DE LA PGIBSE MEDELLÍN 176 Actores asociados a la PGIBSE Medellín 179 Estrategia de construcción participativa para la PGIBSE Medellín 181 Percepciones sobre biodiversidad 191 CAPÍTULO 6 193 GOBERNABILIDAD PARA LA GESTIÓN INTEGRAL DE LA BIODIVERSIDAD Y SUS SERVICIOS ECOSISTÉMICOS EN MEDELLÍN 201 CAPÍTULO 7 203 MARCO ESTRATÉGICO Y OPERATIVO PARA LA GESTIÓN INTEGRAL DE LA BIODIVERSIDAD Y LOS SERVICIOS DE LOS ECOSISTEMAS EN MEDELLÍN 205 Principios de la PGIBSE Medellín 206 Objetivo general de la PGIBSE Medellín 206 Objetivos específicos de la PGIBSE Medellín 207 Líneas estratégicas de la PGIBSE Medellín 211 CAPÍTULO 8 213 CONSIDERACIONES FINALES 213 Conclusiones 216 Recomendaciones 219 BIBLIOGRAFÍA LISTA DE FIGURAS 30 Figura 1. División político-administrativa de Medellín 47 Figura 2. Áreas prioritarias para la conservación de la biodiversidad basada en la combinación de riqueza de espe- cies, endemismo, amenaza y vulnerabilidad, y similitud en la composición de especies para cada grupo taxonómico 49 Figura 3. Áreas prioritarias para la conservación de la biodiversidad basada en la combinación de riqueza de especies, endemismo, amenaza y vulnerabilidad, y similitud en la composición de especies para todos los grupos taxonómicos combinados 80 Figura 4. Mapa de la distribución espacial de los registros de peces en la cuenca del río Porce 93 Figura 5. Mapa de máxima oferta para la prestación del servicio ecosistémico de conservación de hábitats para la biodiversidad 97 Figura 6. Sistema de dispersión relacionado para 743 especies de plantas presentes en Medellín 98 Figura 7. Sistemas de polinización para 743 especies de plantas presentes en Medellín Figura 8. Análisis espacial de los tipos de sistemas de dispersión en Medellín. 99 Figura 8a. Anemocoria (transporte por viento) 101 Figura 8b. Diszoocoria (transporte por almacenamiento) 103 Figura 8c. Endozoocoria (transporte a través del tubo digestivo) Figura 9. Análisis espacial para siete sistemas de polinización de plantas en el municipio de Medellín. 105 Figura 9a. Quiropterofilia (murciélagos) 106 Figura 9b. Anemofilia (viento) 107 Figura 9c. Cantarofilia (escarabajos) 108 Figura 9d. Falenofilia (mariposas nocturnas) 109 Figura 9e. Melitofilia (abejas y avispas) 110 Figura 9f. Ornitofilia (aves) 111 Figura 9g. Psicofilia (mariposas diurnas) 119 Figura 10. Niveles de concordancia en la distribución territorial de la oferta de los servicios ecosistémicos de provisión y regulación hídrica en Medellín 123 Figura 11. Áreas de oferta potencial del servicio ecosistémico producción de madera 128 Figura 12. Aproximación a la espacialidad de la oferta actual del servicio de provisión de alimentos en Medellín 130 Figura 13. Aproximación a la espacialidad de la oferta actual del servicio de provisión de alimentos en Antioquia 132 Figura 14. Suelos de mayor potencial agrológico en Antioquia 135 Figura 15. Porcentajes de préstamo de servicios ecosistémicos por parte de los peces en la cuenca Medellín-Porce 140 Figura 16. Aproximación a las áreas de oferta potencial del servicio ecosistémico de provisión de recursos fore- stales no maderable 147 Figura 17. Aproximación a la oferta actual del servicio ecosistémico cultural ocio, recreación y goce estético 155 Figura 18. Aproximación a la espacialización de la demanda del servicio ecosistémico de moderación de even- tos extremos por movimientos en masa en Medellín 157 Figura 19. Almacenamiento de carbono en biomasa aérea por comuna en Ton/ha 162 Figura 20. Distribución de gases de efecto invernadero por tipo de fuente en el Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá 163 Figura 21. Áreas elegibles para proyectos MDL forestal en Medellín 169 Figura 22. Estimaciones de la capacidad de captación de material particulado en árboles y arbustos de Medellín 178 Figura 23. Balance por tipo de actor participante en la Pgibse Medellín 179 Figura 24. Balance relación actores y servicios ecosistémicos 181 Figura 25. Esquema balance estrategia de construcción participativa Pgibse Medellín 203 Figura 26. Árbol de problemas relacionados con la Gestión Integral de la Biodiversidad y los Servicios Ecosistémicos en Medellín 204 Figura 27. Causas directas e indirectas de la pérdida de bienestar humano derivada de la pérdida de capacidad de la biodiversidad de Medellín para proveer servicios ecosistémicos 204 Figura 28. Efectos directos e indirectos de la pérdida de bienestar humano derivada de la pérdida de capacidad de la biodiversidad de Medellín para proveer servicios ecosistémicos 208 Figura 29. Esquema del marco estratégico y operativo para la gestión integral de la biodiversidad y sus servicios ecosistémicos en Medellín LISTA DE TABLAS 32 Tabla 1. Datos de mortalidad en el municipio de Medellín 44 Tabla 2. Número de registros por grupo taxonómico para el Valle de Aburrá 44 Tabla 3. Número de especies o unidades taxonómicas operativas por grupo taxonómico 45 Tabla 4. Número de especies en alguna categoría de amenaza y especies migratorias por grupo taxonómico 45 Tabla 5. Usos detectados para la flora y fauna en Medellín 62 Tabla 6. Especies de anfibios y reptiles que fueron descritas con localidad típica Medellín 72 Tabla 7. Relación entre servicios y rasgos funcionales para los insectos en Medellín 76 Tabla 8. Categorías de amenaza según UICN, Ministerio de Ambiente y libros rojos de Colombia 88 Tabla 9. Servicios ecosistémicos y unidades proveedoras 127 Tabla 10. Procedencia de los alimentos cultivados en Antioquia y consumidos en el Valle de Aburrá 136 Tabla 11. Listado de géneros de peces que prestan servicios ecosistémicos en la cuenca del río Medellín-Porce 138 Tabla 12. Especies vegetales con uso medicinal más comúnmente reportadas por conocedores rurales de Medellín 159 Tabla 13. Estimaciones del stock de carbono para cada una de las comunas de Medellín 160 Tabla 14. Estimaciones del stock de carbono en los corregimientos del municipio de Medellín 167 Tabla 15. Variables clave para construir un modelo conceptual para la construcción espacialmente explícita de la oferta del servicio ecosistémico transporte de contaminantes líquidos 170 Tabla 16. Especies y promedio por hoja de material particulado (gr/hoja) en especies de árboles en Medellín 180 Tabla 17. Balance estrategia de construcción participativa de la Pgibse Medellín 182 Tabla 18. Síntesis técnica de resultados de reconocimiento territorial con mesas ambientales y comunidad 183 Tabla 19. Principales factores de presión sobre el territorio rural y urbano 184 Tabla 20. Aspectos sociales y espaciales de la población participante en el concurso fotográfico “La Cámara Suelta” 185 Tabla 21. Balance de resultados del concurso fotográfico “La Cámara Suelta” en el marco de la estrategia de construcción participativa 186
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Coleoptera) (Excluding Anthribidae
    A FAUNAL SURVEY AND ZOOGEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE CURCULIONOIDEA (COLEOPTERA) (EXCLUDING ANTHRIBIDAE, PLATPODINAE. AND SCOLYTINAE) OF THE LOWER RIO GRANDE VALLEY OF TEXAS A Thesis TAMI ANNE CARLOW Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE August 1997 Major Subject; Entomology A FAUNAL SURVEY AND ZOOGEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE CURCVLIONOIDEA (COLEOPTERA) (EXCLUDING ANTHRIBIDAE, PLATYPODINAE. AND SCOLYTINAE) OF THE LOWER RIO GRANDE VALLEY OF TEXAS A Thesis by TAMI ANNE CARLOW Submitted to Texas AgcM University in partial fulltllment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Approved as to style and content by: Horace R. Burke (Chair of Committee) James B. Woolley ay, Frisbie (Member) (Head of Department) Gilbert L. Schroeter (Member) August 1997 Major Subject: Entomology A Faunal Survey and Zoogeographic Analysis of the Curculionoidea (Coleoptera) (Excluding Anthribidae, Platypodinae, and Scolytinae) of the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. (August 1997) Tami Anne Carlow. B.S. , Cornell University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Horace R. Burke An annotated list of the Curculionoidea (Coleoptem) (excluding Anthribidae, Platypodinae, and Scolytinae) is presented for the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV) of Texas. The list includes species that occur in Cameron, Hidalgo, Starr, and Wigacy counties. Each of the 23S species in 97 genera is tteated according to its geographical range. Lower Rio Grande distribution, seasonal activity, plant associations, and biology. The taxonomic atTangement follows O' Brien &, Wibmer (I og2). A table of the species occuning in patxicular areas of the Lower Rio Grande Valley, such as the Boca Chica Beach area, the Sabal Palm Grove Sanctuary, Bentsen-Rio Grande State Park, and the Falcon Dam area is included.
    [Show full text]
  • The Beetle Fauna of Dominica, Lesser Antilles (Insecta: Coleoptera): Diversity and Distribution
    INSECTA MUNDI, Vol. 20, No. 3-4, September-December, 2006 165 The beetle fauna of Dominica, Lesser Antilles (Insecta: Coleoptera): Diversity and distribution Stewart B. Peck Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada stewart_peck@carleton. ca Abstract. The beetle fauna of the island of Dominica is summarized. It is presently known to contain 269 genera, and 361 species (in 42 families), of which 347 are named at a species level. Of these, 62 species are endemic to the island. The other naturally occurring species number 262, and another 23 species are of such wide distribution that they have probably been accidentally introduced and distributed, at least in part, by human activities. Undoubtedly, the actual numbers of species on Dominica are many times higher than now reported. This highlights the poor level of knowledge of the beetles of Dominica and the Lesser Antilles in general. Of the species known to occur elsewhere, the largest numbers are shared with neighboring Guadeloupe (201), and then with South America (126), Puerto Rico (113), Cuba (107), and Mexico-Central America (108). The Antillean island chain probably represents the main avenue of natural overwater dispersal via intermediate stepping-stone islands. The distributional patterns of the species shared with Dominica and elsewhere in the Caribbean suggest stages in a dynamic taxon cycle of species origin, range expansion, distribution contraction, and re-speciation. Introduction windward (eastern) side (with an average of 250 mm of rain annually). Rainfall is heavy and varies season- The islands of the West Indies are increasingly ally, with the dry season from mid-January to mid- recognized as a hotspot for species biodiversity June and the rainy season from mid-June to mid- (Myers et al.
    [Show full text]
  • The Curculionoidea of the Maltese Islands (Central Mediterranean) (Coleoptera)
    BULLETIN OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF MALTA (2010) Vol. 3 : 55-143 The Curculionoidea of the Maltese Islands (Central Mediterranean) (Coleoptera) David MIFSUD1 & Enzo COLONNELLI2 ABSTRACT. The Curculionoidea of the families Anthribidae, Rhynchitidae, Apionidae, Nanophyidae, Brachyceridae, Curculionidae, Erirhinidae, Raymondionymidae, Dryophthoridae and Scolytidae from the Maltese islands are reviewed. A total of 182 species are included, of which the following 51 species represent new records for this archipelago: Araecerus fasciculatus and Noxius curtirostris in Anthribidae; Protapion interjectum and Taeniapion rufulum in Apionidae; Corimalia centromaculata and C. tamarisci in Nanophyidae; Amaurorhinus bewickianus, A. sp. nr. paganettii, Brachypera fallax, B. lunata, B. zoilus, Ceutorhynchus leprieuri, Charagmus gressorius, Coniatus tamarisci, Coniocleonus pseudobliquus, Conorhynchus brevirostris, Cosmobaris alboseriata, C. scolopacea, Derelomus chamaeropis, Echinodera sp. nr. variegata, Hypera sp. nr. tenuirostris, Hypurus bertrandi, Larinus scolymi, Leptolepurus meridionalis, Limobius mixtus, Lixus brevirostris, L. punctiventris, L. vilis, Naupactus cervinus, Otiorhynchus armatus, O. liguricus, Rhamphus oxyacanthae, Rhinusa antirrhini, R. herbarum, R. moroderi, Sharpia rubida, Sibinia femoralis, Smicronyx albosquamosus, S. brevicornis, S. rufipennis, Stenocarus ruficornis, Styphloderes exsculptus, Trichosirocalus centrimacula, Tychius argentatus, T. bicolor, T. pauperculus and T. pusillus in Curculionidae; Sitophilus zeamais and
    [Show full text]
  • Analysing the History of the Derelomine Flower Weevil-Carludovica Association (Coleóptera: Curculionidae; Cyelanthaeeae)
    Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2004, 81, 483•517. With 17 figures Analysing the history of the derelomine flower weevil-Carludovica association (Coleóptera: Curculionidae; Cyelanthaeeae) NICO M. FRANZ* Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Ciudad Universitaria 'Rodrigo Fació', Costa Rica Received 14 April 2003; accepted for publication 23 September 2003 The evolutionary history of the interaction among species of derelomine flower weevils (Coleóptera: Curculionidae: Derelomini) and the Panama-hat palm Carludovica (Cyelanthaeeae) is analysed with emphasis on the congruence of (1) topologies and (2) character state transformations in each of the Neotropical clades. For this purpose cladistic analyses are complemented with host plant records, natural history information and selected morphological studies of the associated taxa. The interaction is specialized, involving pollination, oviposition into the inflorescences and the prédation of seeds (particularly within Systenotelus). As results from a range of standard coevolutionary methods of analysis indicate, however, events of colonization, extinction and independent (non-reciprocal) speciation have been abundant throughout the history of the association. At the same time it is possible to specify the homology and suc- cession of characters among species of derelomines and Carludovica and interpret them as reciprocal adaptations to attack and protect the seeds, respectively. It is argued that • in light of the limited evolutionary stability of many insect•plant interactions • the question of coevolution is most effectively addressed by combining information from the character- and topology-based approaches. © 2004 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2004, 81, 483-517. ADDITIONAL KEYWORDS: cladistics • congruence • coevolution • Derelomini • Ganglionus • Perelleschus • pollination • reciprocal adaptation • seed prédation • Systenotelus.
    [Show full text]
  • 3.7.10 Curculioninae Latreille, 1802 Jetzt Beschriebenen Palaearctischen Ceuthor- Rhynchinen
    Curculioninae Latreille, 1802 305 Schultze, A. (1902): Kritisches Verzeichniss der bis 3.7.10 Curculioninae Latreille, 1802 jetzt beschriebenen palaearctischen Ceuthor- rhynchinen. – Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift Roberto Caldara , Nico M. Franz, and Rolf 1902: 193 – 226. G. Oberprieler Schwarz, E. A. (1894): A “ parasitic ” scolytid. – Pro- ceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 3: Distribution. The subfamily as here composed (see 15 – 17. Phylogeny and Taxonomy below) includes approx- Scudder, S. H. (1893): Tertiary Rhynchophorous Coleo- ptera of the United States. xii + 206 pp. US Geological imately 350 genera and 4500 species (O ’ Brien & Survey, Washington, DC. Wibmer 1978; Thompson 1992; Alonso-Zarazaga Stierlin, G. (1886): Fauna insectorum Helvetiae. Coleo- & Lyal 1999; Oberprieler et al. 2007), provisionally ptera helvetiae , Volume 2. 662 pp. Rothermel & Cie., divided into 34 tribes. These are geographically Schaffhausen. generally restricted to a lesser or larger degree, only Thompson, R. T. (1973): Preliminary studies on the two – Curculionini and Rhamphini – being virtually taxonomy and distribution of the melon weevil, cosmopolitan in distribution and Anthonomini , Acythopeus curvirostris (Boheman) (including Baris and Tychiini only absent from the Australo-Pacifi c granulipennis (Tournier)) (Coleoptera, Curculion- region. Acalyptini , Cionini , Ellescini , Mecinini , idae). – Bulletin of Entomological Research 63: 31 – 48. and Smicronychini occur mainly in the Old World, – (1992): Observations on the morphology and clas- from Africa to the Palaearctic and Oriental regions, sifi cation of weevils (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) with Ellescini, Acalyptini, and Smicronychini also with a key to major groups. – Journal of Natural His- extending into the Nearctic region and at least tory 26: 835 – 891. the latter two also into the Australian one.
    [Show full text]
  • New Curculioninae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Dominican Amber
    Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org New Curculioninae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Dominican amber George Poinar, Jr. and Andrei A. Legalov ABSTRACT A new genus and four new species of Curculioninae are described from Domini- can amber. Neosibinia gen. nov. differs from the extant genera Tychius and Sibinia by the tibiae lacking a mucro and uncus, the elongate pronotum distinctly narrower than the elytral humeri and the sharp bend in the rostrum. Derelomus thalioculus sp. nov. differs from other Derelomus species by the body covering of fine, dense setae. Antho- nomus cruraluma sp. nov. is similar to the extant A. filicornis but differs by the tibiae with mucro, elongate body, shorter rostrum, and the smaller body size. Anthonomus browni sp. nov. is distinguished from the extant A. sulcipygus by its narrow elongate body, femora with minute distal tooth and shorter and thicker rostrum. These new taxa further demonstrate the diversity of weevil fauna in Dominican amber. George Poinar, Jr. Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA. [email protected] Andrei A. Legalov. Laboratory of Phylogeny and Faunogenesis, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Frunze street, 11, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia. [email protected] Keywords: Derelimini; Anthonomini; Tychiini; new genus, new species; Dominican amber INTRODUCTION Legalov, 2014a, 2014b, 2014c, 2014d, 2015a, 2015b 2015c, 2015d). Weevils of the subfamily Curculioninae are Dating of Dominican amber is controversial diverse with respect to morphology and physiology. with the latest purported age of 20-15 Ma based on Recent studies by the authors have shown that the foraminifera (Iturralde-Vinent and MacPhee, 1996) Dominican amber weevil fauna is represented by and the earliest of 45-30 Ma based on coccoliths 73 species from 32 genera in the families Belidae, (Cêpek in Schlee, 1990).
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae Nico M
    Nico M. Franz – Vitae, February 2020 1 Curriculum Vitae Nico M. Franz Address Campus School of Life Sciences PO Box 874501 Arizona State University Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA Collection Alameda Building – Natural History Collections 734 West Alameda Drive Tempe, AZ 85282-4108, USA Collection – AB 145: (480) 965-2036 Fax: (480) 727-2203 Virtual E-mail: [email protected] Twitter: @taxonbytes BioKIC: https://biokic.asu.edu/ Education 1993 – 1996 Prediploma in Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany Undergraduate Advisor: Klaus Kubitzki 1996 Diploma Studies in Systematic Botany and Ecology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany Graduate Advisor: Gerhard Gottsberger 1996 – 1999 M.Sc. in Biology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica Graduate Advisor: Paul E. Hanson 1999 Graduate Research Fellow, Behavioral Ecology, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), Balboa, Panama Research Advisor: William T. Wcislo 1999 – 2005 Ph.D. in Systematic Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY Graduate Advisor: Quentin D. Wheeler 2003 – 2005 Postdoctoral Research Fellow, National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California at Sta. Barbara, Sta. Barbara, CA Postdoctoral Mentor: Robert K. Peet Languages English, German, Spanish (fluent); French, Latin, Vietnamese (proficient) Nico M. Franz – Vitae, February 2020 2 Faculty Appointments 2006 – 2011 Assistant Professor (tenure-track appointment), Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, Mayagüez, PR 2011 – present Adjunct Professor, Department
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluating Insect-Host Interactions As a Driver of Species Divergence in Palm Flower Weevils
    ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-020-01482-3 OPEN Evaluating insect-host interactions as a driver of species divergence in palm flower weevils ✉ Bruno A. S. de Medeiros 1,2 & Brian D. Farrell2 1234567890():,; Plants and their specialized flower visitors provide valuable insights into the evolutionary consequences of species interactions. In particular, antagonistic interactions between insects and plants have often been invoked as a major driver of diversification. Here we use a tropical community of palms and their specialized insect flower visitors to test whether antagonisms lead to higher population divergence. Interactions between palms and the insects visiting their flowers range from brood pollination to florivory and commensalism, with the latter being species that feed on decaying–and presumably undefended–plant tissues. We test the role of insect-host interactions in the early stages of diversification of nine species of beetles sharing host plants and geographical ranges by first delimiting cryptic species and then using models of genetic isolation by environment. The degree to which insect populations are structured by the genetic divergence of plant populations varies. A hierarchical model reveals that this variation is largely uncorrelated with the kind of interaction, showing that antag- onistic interactions are not associated with higher genetic differentiation. Other aspects of host use that affect plant-associated insects regardless of the outcomes of their interactions, such as sensory biases, are likely more general drivers of insect population divergence. 1 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama. 2 Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, ✉ Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. email: [email protected] COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY | (2020) 3:749 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-020-01482-3 | www.nature.com/commsbio 1 ARTICLE COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY | https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-020-01482-3 nsects comprise about two-thirds of the 1.5 million described from S.
    [Show full text]
  • Bruno A. S. De Medeiros, Ph.D. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Panama City, Panama [email protected]
    Bruno A. S. de Medeiros, Ph.D. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Panama City, Panama [email protected] www.brunodemedeiros.me RESEARCH INTERESTS I am an evolutionary biologist interested in the role of species interactions in creating and maintaining diversity, using plants and their insect flower visitors as model systems. My research involves fieldwork, systematics, natural history, and evolutionary genomics. EDUCATION AND APPOINTMENTS 2020- Postdoctoral Fellow, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama Main supervisor: E. Allen Herre Project: Why do generalist palms have specialized brood pollinators? 2020- Research Associate, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University 2018-2019 Postdoctoral Fellow, Dept. of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Supervisors: Brian Farrell and Gonzalo Giribet Projects: Insect population genomics, Phylogenomics of Ecdysozoa 2018 Ph.D. in Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Thesis: The Evolution of Syagrus palms and their insect pollinators Faculty Advisor: Brian D. Farrell 2011 M.Sc. in Zoology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Thesis: Phylogenetic analysis and systematic revision of the genus Anchylorhynchus Schoenherr, 1836 (Curculionidae: Derelomini), using discrete and continuous morphological characters Faculty Advisor: Sergio A. Vanin 2008 B.Sc. in Biological Sciences, University of São Paulo Thesis: Insect attraction to artificial lighting, focusing on Coleoptera Faculty Advisor: Sergio A. Vanin PUBLICATIONS Preprints and in review 1. Church SH, de Medeiros BAS, Donoughe S, Reyes NLM, Extavour CG. 2020. Repeated loss of variation in insect ovary morphology highlights the role of developmental constraint in life-history evolution. bioRxiv. DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.07.191940 Peer-reviewed 1. Chamorro L, de Medeiros BAS, Farrell BD. 2021. First phylogenetic analysis of Dryophthorinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) based on structural alignment of ribosomal DNA reveals Cenozoic diversification.
    [Show full text]
  • Curculio Curculis Lupus: Biology, Behavior and Morphology of Immatures of the Cannibal Weevil Anchylorhynchus Eriospathae G. G. Bondar, 1943
    Curculio Curculis lupus: biology, behavior and morphology of immatures of the cannibal weevil Anchylorhynchus eriospathae G. G. Bondar, 1943 Bruno Augusto Souza de Medeiros1, Daniela de Cassia´ Bena´ 2 and Sergio Antonio Vanin2 1 Department of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA 2 Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociencias,ˆ Universidade de Sao˜ Paulo, Sao˜ Paulo, SP, Brazil ABSTRACT Weevils are one of the largest groups of living organisms, with more than 60,000 species feeding mostly on plants. With only one exception, their described larvae are typical plant-feeders, with mouthparts adapted to chewing plant material. Here we describe the second case of a weevil with early-instar larvae adapted to killing conspecifics. We have studied the life history of Anchylorhynchus eriospathae G. G. Bondar, 1943 (Curculioninae: Derelomini sensu Caldara, Franz & Oberprieler (2014)), a species whose immatures feed internally on palm flowers and fruits. We provide detailed descriptions of all immature stages, including the extremely modi- fied first-instar larva. Unlike other weevils and later instars, this stage exhibits a flat body with very long ventropedal lobe setae, a large and prognathous head with a gula, and falciform mandibles, each with a serrate retinaculum, that are used to fight with and eventually kill other first-instar larvae. We also provide biological notes on all stages and the results of behavioral tests that showed that larval aggression occurs only among early life stages. Finally we show that adult size is highly dependent on Submitted 31 March 2014 timing of oviposition. This specialized killer first instar probably evolved indepen- Accepted 15 July 2014 dently from the one other case known in weevils, in Revena rubiginosa (Conoderinae: Published 31 July 2014 Bariditae sensu Prena, Colonnelli & Hespenheide (2014)).
    [Show full text]
  • Insects on Palms
    Insects on Palms i Insects on Palms F.W. Howard, D. Moore, R.M. Giblin-Davis and R.G. Abad CABI Publishing CABI Publishing is a division of CAB International CABI Publishing CABI Publishing CAB International 10 E 40th Street Wallingford Suite 3203 Oxon OX10 8DE New York, NY 10016 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 Tel: +1 (212) 481 7018 Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 Fax: +1 (212) 686 7993 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Web site: www.cabi.org © CAB International 2001. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be repro- duced in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Insects on palms / by Forrest W. Howard … [et al.]. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-85199-326-5 (alk. paper) 1. Palms--Diseases and pests. 2. Insect pests. 3. Insect pests--Control. I. Howard, F. W. SB608.P22 I57 2001 634.9’74--dc21 00-057965 ISBN 0 85199 326 5 Typeset by Columns Design Ltd, Reading Printed and bound in the UK by Biddles Ltd, Guildford and King’s Lynn Contents List of Boxes vii Authors and Contributors viii Acknowledgements x Preface xiii 1 The Animal Class Insecta and the Plant Family Palmae 1 Forrest W. Howard 2 Defoliators of Palms 33 Lepidoptera 34 Forrest W. Howard and Reynaldo G. Abad Coleoptera 81 Forrest W.
    [Show full text]
  • By Derelomine Flower Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Revista De Biología Tropical, Vol
    Revista de Biología Tropical ISSN: 0034-7744 [email protected] Universidad de Costa Rica Costa Rica Franz, Nico M. Pollination of Anthurium (Araceae) by derelomine flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Revista de Biología Tropical, vol. 55, núm. 1, marzo, 2007, pp. 269-277 Universidad de Costa Rica San Pedro de Montes de Oca, Costa Rica Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44955129 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Pollination of Anthurium (Araceae) by derelomine flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Nico M. Franz Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, PR 00681, Puerto Rico. Fax: (787) 834-3673; [email protected] Received 01-IX-2003. Corrected 03-III-2006. Accepted 13-X-2006. Abstract: Cyclanthura flower weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Derelomini) are identified for the first time as pollinators of multiple species of Anthurium (Araceae) in Costa Rica. The weevils are present on the inflorescences in small numbers during the pistillate and staminate phase of anthesis, and consume plant tissues and pollen. The individuals of one species of Cyclanthura can visit several Anthurium species within the same locality. They also engage in reproductive activities and are likely to oviposit into the flowers. The mating strate- gies suggest that sperm precedence selects males that are able to secure their position as the last partner prior to oviposition. Rev. Biol. Trop. 55 (1): 269-277.
    [Show full text]