E- 304 VOL. 5 Public Disclosure Authorized BEHNZA iRU ROAD

CONNECTING ROAD PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT EXECUTIVESUUMMARY Public Disclosure Authorized

,~~~~~ Public Disclosure Authorized INSTITUTEOF ENVIRONMENTPROTECTION November, 1999 I - TRUNK ROAD ZHUM\ADIAN9-XINYANGEXPRESSWAY

CONNECTING ROAD PROJECT

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

HENAN INSTITUTEOF ENVIRONMENTPROTECTION November, 1999 I GENERAL

1) The connecting roads will be ties linking Zhumadian-Xinyangexpressway with the existing cities/townshipsand highway networks, such that an easily accessible and efficient highway communuicationsystem will be established. They will play an important role in developing the overall benefits of the expressway. Both Zhumadian Prefecture and City are less developedagricultural areas. Constructionof the expressway and connecting roads will greatly contributeto changing the undevelopedeconomy as soon as possible.

2) Altogether 5 connecting roads will be provided, including 3 in Zhumadian Prefecture and 2 in Xinyang City. These will be upgraded on the basis of existing roads except for south Zhumadian and south Xinyang connecting roads, which will be newly constructed. The total length is 50.62 kin, and the total cost estimate is 281.92 million RMB.

3) The main environment protection targets for EIA purposes are the villages and schools in the range of 200 m on both sides. According to investigation results, there is no school or any other environrnentalsensitive sites in this range.

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

4) The 5 connecting roads are as follows:

Chenzhuang interchange connectingroad (referred to south Zhumadian connecting road), a new road with a total length of 7.35 kmn; Queshan interchange connecting road (referred to as Queshan connecting road), a 5.87 km road to be upgraded; Minggang interchange connectingroad (referred to as Minggangconnecting road), a 6.1 km road to be upgraded; Fengjiatang interchange connecting road (referred to as north Xinyang connecting road), a 15 km road to be upgraded; and Guopeng interchange connecting road (referred to as south Xinyang connecting road), a new road with a length of 16.3 km.

5) All of the 5 connecting roads are located in the south part of Henan Province, on both banks of the . They are separatelyaligned as follows:

South Zhumadian connecting road: The road will start south of Lianjianghe highway bridge on national road No. 107, passes across the old national road No. 107 (used as street now), goes through the north part of Jinqiao development park, crosses Beijing- railway and Lianjianghe River, passes through the south part of Liulou Village,through Zhuanghu Village and north part of Chenzhuang Village,before it ends at Chenzhuanginterchange on Zhumadian- Xinyangexpressway. Queshan connecting road: Startingnorth of Longshan Cement Factory on national road No. 107, heads east to underpass Beijing-Guangzhourailway, goes by north of Guanshan, south of the agricultural machinery repair shop, north of Dapizhuang Village, before it arrives at Queshan interchange on Zhumadian-Xinyangexpressway. This is a part of the existing Queshan-Runan road.

Minggang connecting road: The startpointis in the vicinity of WangzhuangVillage 3.5 km east of Minggang-Zhengyangnational road No. 107. It goes east somewhat by north, passing by south of Xiaoliugang, north of Xiaoliuzhuangand Wudian, and links with Zhumadian-Xinyang expressway in the vicinity of Zhouzhuangwhere an interchange is provided. After leaving the expressway, it turns to the northeast and ends at Tianzhuang in Shuanghe Township, .This is a part of the existingMinggang-Zhengyang road.

North Xinyang connecting road: Startingfrom national road No. 107, it goes eastward for 4 kin, arrives at the safety island at Xinyang Tobacco Bureau, heads northeast to Wangjiawan, grade crosses the north ring road at Qilidun, turns north and goes west of Fengtumen, Shierlimiao, Shilihe and Lumiao, and finally ends at Fengjiatang interchange in Yanghe Township. This is also a part of the existing Xinyang-Zhengyangroad.

South Xinyang connecting road: Startingat Chuwangcheng safety island in Xinyang City area, this road heads northeastward across the north ring road at Lijiawan, and then goes further northeastward through passes through Waojialaowanand Xiaohuangwan,turns to the east in the range of 1-2 km north of Xinyang-Shihesegment of national road No. 312, and passes through Yangjiawn, Shenjiawan and Zhulin before it links with Zhumadian-Xinyang expressway northwestof Tianwan.

6) South Zhumadian and South Xinyang connecting roads will be constructed according to technical standards for Grade I roads in plain and microhilly areas, while the other 3 are upgraded Grade 2 in plain and microhillyareas on the basis of existingGrade III roads.

7) All kinds of raw and building materialsrequired for these roads will be purchased from local sources and trucked to the site. Soil materialsfor the 2 new roads, as being large in quantity,will come from central borrow area operation,while the limited quantity for the 3 upgrading roads sources from side ditches.

ENVIRONE ESCRIPTiN

8) These connecting roads are all located in the south part of Henan Province, on both banks of the Huai River. The project area is in the Huai River alluvial plain, where the flat land does not wave to a great extent.

The project area is in the north subtropical-temperatetransition zone with a continental monsoon semi-wet climate. There is a temperate climate, with 4 distinct seasons, including hot sunmmer and cold winter. The rainy season exactly coincides with the hot season.

2 1.

Geological conditions along the connecting roads are stable, without any adverse geological sections. The basin intensity is below 6 degrees except in the 50 km range around Xinyang, where it is at 6 degrees.

9) All of the connecting roads are distributed rural areas. The ecosystem is predominated by agricultural eco-environment. Surface vegetation is artificial in most cases, and predominantly crops and field forest belts. Vulnerableecological zones are not found along the alignment.

Fauna and flora are common species. Large animals are mainly foul and livestock. Wildlife are mainly rats and insects. Plants are predominantlycrops. No rare and endangered species at the national protection level is ever found alongthe alignrment.

10) Along the 3 connecting roads distributedin Zhumadian Prefecture, soil loss is mainTyin the form of water erosion, which, however, is not serious. With an erosion modulus below 2,000 I tlkm2.a, these are slightly erosive areas. The 2 connecting roads in Xinyang are distributed in moderate erosive areas, with an erosion modulus over 2,500 t/km2.a, and even 3,376 t/km2.ato the maximum. Soil erosion managementover the past consecutive years has put the worsening soil erosion under effective control.

I11)Both Zhumadian and Xinyang are agriculture-basedareas with a weak industrial ground. The level of economic development is below the provincial average. They are both less developed parts of Henan Province, so the overall living standard and quality of life are on the lower side in the whole province.

12) Major environrnental impacts in the constructionstage will include eco-environmental and ambient noise impacts, while those in the operationstage are ambient noise and air impacts.

13) Through investigation, there are 10 villages and 1 primary school in the range of 200 m away from the connecting roads. The primary school, Ershilihe primary school at k8+900 of north Xinyang connecting road, has a total number of 15 classes, about 1,000 students and teaches.

There is no environmentalsensitive site otherthan these.

14) According to field monitoring along the alignment, the acoustic environment along the 2 new roads is relatively good, so is that along the 3 roads to be upgraded. Equivalent ambient noise levels in both day and night times do not exceed the applicable standard except that they do exceed the standard along Queshan connectingroad in night time. The project area is relatively quiet.

15) Field monitoring results indicate that arnbient air quality along the connecting roads in Xinyang meets Class 2 standard of the "Standard for Ambient Air Quality" (GB3095-1996), but the situation along the 3 connecting roads in Zhumadian is not so desirable, though the standard is met in 80% cases. TSP is the major air pollutionfactor in the entirety of the project area.

3 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

16) Environmental impacts in the construction stage will be mainly in the following aspects: green plant reduction due to land use for construction purposes, blocked drainage from Zhumadian city proper during construction of south Zhumadian connecting road, and possible additional soil erosion during constructionof the 2 connecting roads in Xinyang, especially south Xinyang connectingroad.

There will be neither loss of fauna and flora nor significant change of basic ecological conditions during the constructionstage.

Upon the completion of construction activities, the green plant loss due to construction will be offset to some extent as afforestation is carried out, and soil erosion will be subsequdentlyput under effective control.

17) Generally, the range of construction noise impacts will not be 50 m beyond construction sites, although it may be 100 m beyond in night time. With constructionactivities suspended in night time, however, the normal production and rest of the local residents will not be greatly disrupted.

18) Dust and asphalt smoke impacts due to construction activitieswill be generally in the range of 200 m leeward of construction sites. Such impacts beyond this range, if any, will be minor.

19) The degree of ecological impacts in the operation stage will be much lower than that in the construction stage. Grain production reduction due to pernanent land use will account for less than 0.1% of the total grain output. The mode of land use will be changed in the late operation stage, but the range will not be .50 m beyond the roadside. This change will not alter the general setup of farmlandalong the connectingroads.

20) Traffic noise impacts during the operation stage have been forecast by model forecast method. According to the forecast results, the equivalent noise levels at all sensitive sites in both day and night times will be increased to some extent when the connecting roads are put into service, thought the extent of such increase will differ from one place to another. As a result, they will exceed the standard during day peak traffic volumes and night times, especially at Ershilihe primary school on north Xinyang connecting road, the 3 sensitive sites along south Zhumadian connecting road and Wudian on Minggang connecting road. Fortunately, the excess at the rest sensitive sites will be less.

To control the excess of equivalent noise levels at the sensitive sites, noise mitigation measures, mainly raising school or house fences, are proposed as sunmnarizedin the EAP.

21) Air impacts by vehicle exhaust are also forecast by model forecast method. According to the forecast results, such impacts in the operations stage will not be significant, and CO and NO, hourly concentrationswill not exceed the standard.

4 22) According to the data provided by the local archeological agencies, there are not any underground cultural relics along the connecting roads. Explorationand drilling do not prove any underground cultural relics, so the construction of these roads will not have any impact on cultural relics.

23) The project will bring about some inconvenienceto farming activities in the proximity of the roads in the construction period. Dust and asphalt smoke arising out of construction activities will affect the growth of crops to some extent. In addition, the construction of bridges and culverts will affect the utilization of irrigation and water conservancy facilities in some way. However, such impacts will be temporary and will disappearupon completion of the project.

When the project is put into operation, agricultural impacts will not be obvious except that the mode of land use in the immediate range on both sides will change to some extent.

24) The 2 connecting roads to be newly built will involve a larger quantity of resettlementwork than the other 3 to be upgraded. According to investigationand public consultation, all of the resettlement people are willing to be resettled within the originalvillages. As a result, the project will not cause any large-scale resettlement, and resettlementwill not any result in any additional environmental impacts.

25) As demonstrated by analysis results, EIRR is all above 16%, and the total ENPV amounts to 193.47 million RMB, indicating considerable economic benefits. EBCR is higher than 1.4 in all cases. All these reveals the adequacy of the project investment. Economic evaluation also indicates good resistanceto risks.

26) With low subgrade structures adopted, the connectingroads, when completed, will not cause any social segregation.On the other hand, the connectingroads will improve the local landscape and greatly promote the regional socioeconomic development.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT MITIGATION/OFFSETTING MEASURES

27) To mitigate or offset the adverse environmental impacts during the construction and operation stages, various mitigation/offsettingmeasures are proposed in the EIA as summarized in the EAP.

28) To control the traffic noise impacts on sensitive sites in the operation stage, the gate of Ershilihe primary school will be changed to face east or west instead of the road at present, and the fence on the side close to the road will be raised from 2 m to 2.5 m and extended to a total length of 345 m. These measures will be require a total cost estimate of 26,000 RMB

The raised fence will be able to reduce noise levels by 8-lOdB(A).

29) As the connecting roads will be subject to mixed traffic, measures will be taken, as necessary, to separate fast traffic lanes, slow traffic lanes and sidewalks,ensuring traffic safety.

5 30) To ensure the implementation of the various environment protection measures, the EIA includes environmental managementmeasures and organization charts for the construction and operation stages.

31) Environmental monitoring programs have been incorporated into the project EIA. The responsibility for environmentalmonitoring in the construction and operations stages will be with Zhumadian/XinyangEnvironmental Monitoring Station.

32) The full-time environmentalmanagers for the local highway administrationsresponsible for the connecting roads will be trained together with those for the expressway, with the places and subjects of training determined according to the main works of the expressway.

Training services will not be arranged for the personnel of Zhumadian/XinyangEnvironmental Monitoring Station as they have already received strict technicaltraining.

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

Discussions with the local environmental, archeological, municipal building and other relevant departments were held in Zhumadianand Xinyang in the EIA process, to receive their comments and suggestions on the project EIA.

34) During the EIA, altogether 4 hearings were held at Liulou Village in Zhumadian and Ershilihe Village in Xinyang. While giving a project presentation, the project proponent, designer and EIA team also received the public opinionson the project construction,resettlement compensation, environment protection during construction and operation, and answered the questions raised by the public. The public opinions and suggestions have been all incorporated into the project design or EIA.

35) From an environmentalpoint of view, the 2 new connecting roads are adequately aligned such that there is no conflict with the general planing of municipal development. The other 3 connecting roads to be upgraded are also reasonably aligned. Therefore, these roads are environmentallyfeasible.

Attachments:

Geographic Location of ConnectingRoads Alignment of ConnectingRoads Summnaryof EnvironmentProtection Measures Organization Chart of EnvironmentalManagement Organization Chart of EnvironmentalMonitoring EnvironmentalMonitoring Program for ConstructionStage EnvironmentalMonitoring Program for Operation Stage

6 Summary of Environment Protection Measures for Construction Period

Environmental Environment ProtectionMeasure Implementation Supervision Issue Responsibility Responsibility Soil Works 1. To locate borrow areas in waste land or abandoned land wherever possible, and to carry out decentral Contractor highway management borrow area operations for the 3 roads in Zhumadian and central borrow area operations for the other roads agency, environment in Xinyang in light of the local water table and precipitation, with soil materials for a part of south protection agency and Zhumadian connectingroad borrowedfrom the Lianjiang River beach; agriculturalagency 2. To locate decentral borrow areas in Zhumadian in downland wherever possible, and to strictly control the depth of excavation, with 25 cm thick topsoil put aside prior to any borrow area operations, and then returned to borrow pits upon completion of borrow area operations; 3. To properly handle longitudinalallocation of soil works under the connecting roads in Xinyang, increase the excavation depth of central borrow areas, as appropriate, and make regular edges whenever possible, with borrow pits turned into aquaculturalwater surface; 4. To consider the use of industrial solid wastes for minimizing surface configuration and vegetation damage by borrow area operations required to meet the large quantity of soil materials for the 2 new roads, e.g. use of flyash from ZhumadianChemical Plant and ZhumadianChemical Plant for south Zhumadianconnecting road. Temporary Land 1. To make use of waste land or low-quality land and minimize the use of farmland whereverpossible; Contractor Highway management, Use 2. To provide adequate compensationfor temporary land use for a service time plus restoration period of time; land management and 3. To clear up and recover any land for temporaryuse immediatelyupon completion of constructionactivities. environment protection agency Bridge/Culvert 1. To provide temporary drainage channels prior to the construction of any bridge and culvert that will cross Contractor Highway management Construction surface water course and conservancy facilities, especially during construction south Zhumadianconnecting agency, conservancy road, so as to prevent any surface runoff blockagedue tp bridge and culvert construction; agency 2. Not to throw any waste resulting from bridge/culvertconstruction into water courses, so as to avoid adverse impacts on the flood dischargecapacity of riyers, ditches and channels; 3. To incorporate avoidance of dike damage and flood discharge capacity deterioration into the design and construction of bridges across rivers; 4. To avoid narrowingrivers and channels in the process of bridge/culvertdesign.

7 - -b -F ------

Summary of EnvironmentProtection Measuresfor Construction Period -continued

Environmental EnvironmentProtection Measure Implementation Supervision Issue Responsibility Responsibility FugitiveDust 1. To adopt central lime-soil mixing to all connecting roads, and place central mixing Contractor Highway due to plants on the leeward of seasonable prevailing wind directions, at a distance of more management Construction than 200 m from any residential site; agency, 2. To water earth roads used for building material transportationpurposes, so as to reduce environment fugitive dust; protection agency 3. To cover bulk material hauling trucks; 4. To provide central lime-soil material mixing plant operators with necessary work protection apparatus such as gauze masks and gaggles. Asphalt Smoke 1. To locate central asphalt concrete batching plants on the leeward of seasonable Contractor Highway prevailing wind directions,at a distance of more than 200 m from any village; management 2. To seal asphalt concrete delivering equipment and provide dust removing devices agency, wherever possible; environment 3. To provide central asphalt concrete batching plant operators with necessary work protection agency protection measures, arrange shift work, and reduce the time of exposure to asphalt smoke; Noise due to 1. To improve equipment and hauling truck maintenance, thus reducing equipment noise Contractor Highway Construction source intensity; management . To provide piler, generator and bulldozer operators with earplugs for the purpose of agency, health protection; environment 3 To suspend any construction activity from 22:00 to 6:00 the next day. protection agency Camp 1. To carry out simple treatment of sanitary sewage before it is discharged, rather than Contractor Highway directly lead it to water courses; management 2. To place house refuse at designated areas, with seepage controls initiated as necessary; agency, 3. To remove house refuse out of camps, on a regular basis, for central disposal. environment protection agency Underground 1. To suspend constructionwithout any delay; Contractor Highway Cultural Relics 2. To report to archeologicalauthority; management Unearthed 3. To provide cooperation in respect of cultural relics unearthing,clearing and protection; agency, during 4. To resume constructionupon completion of cultural relics unearthingand protectiob and environment Construction at the approval of archeological authority. protection agency

8 Summary of EnvironmentProtection Measuresfor OperationPeriod

Environmental EnvironmentProtection Measure Implementation Supervision Issue Responsibility Responsibility TrafficNoise I.To arrange vehicle noise monitoring activities on a regular basis, and not to Traffic police, Public security allow any vehicle without a noise certificate onto the road; connecting road authority, highway 2.To adopt low-noisehorn, overtake by turning on the turn light, and forbid the maintenance agency management agency, use of horn for overtaking; environment 3.Not to press the horn at night; protection agency 4.To improve road maintenanceand keep road surface in good condition. Exhaust Gas I.To arrange exhaust gas monitoring activities on a regular basis, and not to Ditto Ditto allow any vehicle without an exhaust certificate onto the road; 2.To do well in maintaininggreen belts on both sides of the connecting roads; 3.Not to build any new residential site, hospital and school among other special sensitive site in the range of 200 m. Soil Erosion I.To provide adequate slope protection works, with grass planted to prevent Connectingroad Conservancy subgrade instabilityand soil erosion due to rainwater scouring; maintenanceagency agency, environment 2.To protect the slope foot of subgrade with grouted flags as there are many rice protection agency fields on both sides of the roads in Xinyang.

9 Organization Chart of Environmental Management

tEnvironment Protection Dsepatment, l ~~~~~~~~~~~~HenanProvincialHighway Ma:n:agemen

I Full-timeEnvironmental Manetgcr at I Full-timeEnvironmental Manager at ZhumadianPrefccture Highway XinyangCityv Highway Management ManagemcentHeadquarters Headquarters

I Full-time 1 Full-time uli-time me Environmental Environmental Environmental Environmental Manager at Managerat Managerat Managerm Zhumadian QueshanCounty PingqiaoDistrict ZCityadighay Highway,HgwyLohnCut l HCity ighway Management Management Highway Management Agency Agency Management Agency Agency

Environmental Environmental Environmental Management under North Management Management and South Xinyang Connecting Roads in under South under Queshan Construction & Operation Periods Zhumadian & Minggang Connecting Connecting Road in Roads in Construction & Construction & Operation Operation

Periods Periods*

OrganizationChart of Environmental Monitoring

r Zhumadian Environmental Monitoring Station Xinyang Environmental Monitoring Station

Environmental Environmental Environmental Environmental Monitoringunder Monitoringunder Monitoring under Monitoring under SouthZhumadian Queshan& Minggang North Xinyang South Xinyang ConnectingRoad in ConnectingRoad in Constructionand Construction& Connecting Road in Connecting Road in OperationPeriod OperationPeriod Construction & Construction & I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~OperationPefiod Operation Period

EnvironmentalMonitoring under Zhumadian-Xinyang Expresswayin Constructionand Operation Period

10 Environmental Monitoring Program for Construction Period

Environmental Monitoring Site Monitoring Monitoring Timeand Implementation Supervision Element Item Frequency Responsibility Responsibility Ambient Air 2 sites for each road, at TSP, asphalt 4 times a year in Zhumadian/ Zhumadian! centralasphalt concrete smoke, Bap constructionperiod, Xinyang Xinyang batchingplant and I in each season, at Environmental Highway residential site nearby, least 5 days each Monitoring Management altogether 10 sites time Station Headquarters 3 sites for each road, at TSP, dust Ad hoc monitoring central lime-soil material for I day each time, mixingplant, work site and once in day and once residential site nearby, in night time, at least altogether 15 sites 6 days a year Ambient Noise 4 sites for each road, at Ambient major noise source in the noise Leq field, boundary of work site, and residential site nearby, laltogether 20 sites

Environmental Monitoring Program for Operation Period

Environmental Monitoring Site Monitoring MonitoringTime and Implementation Supervision Element Item Frequency Responsibility Responsibility Air Liulou on south Zhumadian CO, NOR,4 times a year, I in Zhumadian/ Zhumadian/ connecting road, Louzhuang TSP each season, at least Xinyang Xinyang on Queshan connecting road, 5 consecutive days Environmental Highway Zhouzhuang on Minggang each time Monitoring Management connecting road, Ershilihe Station Headquarters Primary School on north Xinyang connecting road, Gaojialaowan on south Xinyang connecting road, specific locations are the same as those arranged for present environmental monitoring for the purpose o this EIA. Ambient Noise ditto Ambient 4 times a year, I in noise, Leq each season, I day in day and each time, once in night time day and once in night time

II 4kv i SV$L THAE-PEPL"REOU. An@*t 4

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