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Lesson. 8 Devotional Paths to the Divine
Grade VII Lesson. 8 Devotional paths to the Divine History I Multiple choice questions 1. Religious biographies are called: a. Autobiography b. Photography c. Hierography d. Hagiography 2. Sufis were __________ mystics: a. Hindu b. Muslim c. Buddha d. None of these 3. Mirabai became the disciple of: a. Tulsidas b. Ravidas c. Narsi Mehta d. Surdas 4. Surdas was an ardent devotee of: a. Vishnu b. Krishna c. Shiva d. Durga 5. Baba Guru Nanak born at: a. Varanasi b. Talwandi c. Ajmer d. Agra 6. Whose songs become popular in Rajasthan and Gujarat? a. Surdas b. Tulsidas c. Guru Nanak d. Mira Bai 7. Vitthala is a form of: a. Shiva b. Vishnu c. Krishna d. Ganesha 8. Script introduced by Guru Nanak: a. Gurudwara b. Langar c. Gurmukhi d. None of these 9. The Islam scholar developed a holy law called: a. Shariat b. Jannat c. Haj d. Qayamat 10. As per the Islamic tradition the day of judgement is known as: a. Haj b. Mecca c. Jannat d. Qayamat 11. House of rest for travellers kept by a religious order is: a. Fable b. Sama c. Hospice d. Raqas 12. Tulsidas’s composition Ramcharitmanas is written in: a. Hindi b. Awadhi c. Sanskrit d. None of these 1 Created by Pinkz 13. The disciples in Sufi system were called: a. Shishya b. Nayanars c. Alvars d. Murids 14. Who rewrote the Gita in Marathi? a. Saint Janeshwara b. Chaitanya c. Virashaiva d. Basavanna 1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (b) 6. (d) 7. -
“The Role of Specific Grammar for Interpretation in Sanskrit”
Quest Journals Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Science Volume 9 ~ Issue 2 (2021)pp: 107-187 ISSN(Online):2321-9467 www.questjournals.org Research Paper “The Role of Specific Grammar for Interpretation in Sanskrit” Dr. Shibashis Chakraborty Sact-I Depatment of Sanskrit, Panskura Banamali College Wb, India. Abstract: Sanskrit enjoys a place of pride among Indian languages in terms of technology solutions that are available for it within India and abroad. The Indian government through its various agencies has been heavily funding other Indian languages for technology development but the funding for Sanskrit has been slow for a variety of reasons. Despite that, the work in the field has not suffered. The following sections do a survey of the language technology R&D in Sanskrit and other Indian languages. The word `Sanskrit’ means “prepared, pure, refined or prefect”. It was not for nothing that it was called the `devavani’ (language of the Gods). It has an outstanding place in our culture and indeed was recognized as a language of rare sublimity by the whole world. Sanskrit was the language of our philosophers, our scientists, our mathematicians, our poets and playwrights, our grammarians, our jurists, etc. In grammar, Panini and Patanjali (authors of Ashtadhyayi and the Mahabhashya) have no equals in the world; in astronomy and mathematics the works of Aryabhatta, Brahmagupta and Bhaskar opened up new frontiers for mankind, as did the works of Charak and Sushrut in medicine. In philosophy Gautam (founder of the Nyaya system), Ashvaghosha (author of Buddha Charita), Kapila (founder of the Sankhya system), Shankaracharya, Brihaspati, etc., present the widest range of philosophical systems the world has ever seen, from deeply religious to strongly atheistic. -
Essays and Addresses on the Śākta Tantra-Śāstra
ŚAKTI AND ŚĀKTA ESSAYS AND ADDRESSES ON THE ŚĀKTA TANTRAŚĀSTRA BY SIR JOHN WOODROFFE THIRD EDITION REVISED AND ENLARGED Celephaïs Press Ulthar - Sarkomand - Inquanok – Leeds 2009 First published London: Luzac & co., 1918. Second edition, revised and englarged, London: Luzac and Madras: Ganesh & co., 1919. Third edition, further revised and enlarged, Ganesh / Luzac, 1929; many reprints. This electronic edition issued by Celephaïs Press, somewhere beyond the Tanarian Hills, and mani(n)fested in the waking world in Leeds, England in the year 2009 of the common error. This work is in the public domain. Release 0.95—06.02.2009 May need furthur proof reading. Please report errors to [email protected] citing release number or revision date. PREFACE TO THIRD EDITION. HIS edition has been revised and corrected throughout, T and additions have been made to some of the original Chapters. Appendix I of the last edition has been made a new Chapter (VII) in the book, and the former Appendix II has now been attached to Chapter IV. The book has moreover been very considerably enlarged by the addition of eleven new Chapters. New also are the Appendices. The first contains two lectures given by me in French, in 1917, before the Societé Artistique et Literaire Francaise de Calcutta, of which Society Lady Woodroffe was one of the Founders and President. The second represents the sub- stance (published in the French Journal “Le Lotus bleu”) of two lectures I gave in Paris, in the year 1921, before the French Theosophical Society (October 5) and at the Musée Guimet (October 6) at the instance of L’Association Fran- caise des amis de L’Orient. -
†R¢ Gadùdhara Tattva
ALSO INSIDE: DAINYA THE SOURCE OF KNOWLEDGE ÇÄSTRIYA SÄDHU SAÌGA AND MORE... ÇRÉ GADÄDHARA TATTVA Dedicated to Äcärya Keçaré Nitya-Lélä-Praviñöa Oà Viñëupäda Añöottara-Çata Çré Çrémad Bhakti Prajïäna Keçava Gosvämé Mahäräja Founder Äcärya of Çré Gauòéya Vedänta Samiti He earnestly desired to re-institute the publication of all the magazines and journals which were being published during the manifest presence of Çréla Bhaktisiddhänta Sarasvaté Öhäkura Prabhupäda. Rays of The Harmonist CCONTENTSONTENTS THE JOURNAL OF ÇRÉ GAUÒÉYA VEDÄNTA SAMITI WINTER 2001 Editorial 3 Çré Gadädharañöakam Çré Svarüpa Dämodara Gosvämé 4 Dainya Çréla Bhaktivinoda Öhäkura 6 The Source of Knowledge Çréla Bhaktisiddhänta Sarasvaté Öhäkura 9 Surrender, Service and Dedication — All Done Through Çraddhä Çréla Bhakti Rakñaka Çrédhara Gosvämé Mahäräja 3 Çästriya Sädhu Saìga Çréla Bhakti Prajïäna Keçava Gosvämé Mahäräja 17 Bhagavänera Kathä Çréla Bhaktivedänta Svämé Mahäräja 21 The Splendor of Vraja at Navadvépa Çréla Bhaktivinoda Öhäkura 25 An Offering to Çréla Bhakti Prajïäna Keçava Gosvämé Mahäräja on his disappearance day Çré Çrémad Bhakti Pramoda Puré Gosvämé Mahäräja 26 Çré Rädhä Tattva Çréla Bhaktivedänta Vämana Gosvämé Mahäräja 28 Who Is A True Indian? Çréla Bhaktivedänta Trivikrama Mahäräja 33 Rays of The Harmonist is a bi-annual journal of Çré Gauòéya Vedänta Samiti The Subject Matter Expounded in Çrémad Bhägavatam Front cover: Çréla Bhaktivedänta Näräyaëa Mahäräja 36 Çré Çré Gour Gadädhara at Svänanda Sukhada Kuïja, Godrumadvépa, Nadéyä Çré Puruñottama-Vrata -
Svarupa of Thejiva Our Original Spiritual Identity Karisma-Section Is a Trademark of Gaudiya Vedanta Publications
Svarupa of theJiva Our Original Spiritual Identity karisma-section is a trademark of gaudiya vedanta publications. © (YEAR) gaudiya vedantaexcept where publications. otherwise noted, some only rights the text reserved. (not the design, photos, art, etc.) in this book is licensed under the creative commons attribution-no derivative works 3.0 unported license. to view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/ permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at www.purebhakti.com/pluslicense or write to: [email protected] all translations, purports, and excerpts of lectures by Śrīla bhaktivedānta svāmī prabhupāda are courtesy of BBT international. they are either clearly mentioned as his, or marked with an asterisk (*). verse translations marked with three asterisks (***) are by the disciples of Śrīla bhaktivedāntaŚrī s vāmīBhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu prabhupāda. © bhaktivedantaSārārtha-darśinī book ṭīkātrust intl.Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam Govinda-bhāṣya verse translations of , of 1.6.28, and (2.3.26, 28) are by Śrīpāda bhānu svāmī.Govinda-bhāṣya sutras Paramātma sandarbha verse translations of ( 4.4.1,2guru-paramparā ) and - (29.1; 105.80) are by kuśakrata dāsa photo of Śrīla nārāyaṇa gosvāmī mahārāja in the guru-paramparā– kṛṣṇa-mayī dāsī. used with permission. photo on p. 1, 11 – subala-sakhā dāsa (s. florida). used with permission. photo of Śrīla bhaktivedānta svāmī mahārāja in the and on p. 23, 127, 143 – scans provided by bhaktivedanta archives. used with permission. photo on p. 79 – Jānakī dāsī. used with permission. photo on p. 152 – vasanti dāsī. used with permission. photo on p. 40 – bigstock. used with permission. -
5. Tattva Nirnayam V1
NamperumAL - SrI Rangam ïI> Editor's Foreward (for the eBook edition) YŒZ (PARA) TATTHVA NIRNAYAM This is a Sri Sookthi bequeathed to us by SrI Vatsya VaradacchArya (1165- 1275 C.E) of Kanchi revered as NadadUr AmmAL. He was born at NadadUr, a village near Kaanchi. He acquired the name of AmmAL from Lord VaradarAjan for his tender and devout Milk Kaimkaryam to the Lord. He served the Lord the milk naivEdhyam at a temperature, which was neither too hot nor cold and that made Lord VaradarAja wonder: "Is this my Mother, who takes such tender care of Me?" The name stayed thus as the AmmAL of the Lord from NadAdUr. NadAdUr AmmAL is the AchAryan of both Sudarsana Bhattar (the Author of Srutha PrakAsika) and AtrEya RamAnuja (the maternal uncle of Swamy Desikan). He met Swamy Desikan at the tender age of five at Lord VaradarAjA's temple PrAkAram during his KaalakshEpam and was wonder struck at the tEjas of the young boy, who had accompanied his uncle to the Temple. NadAdur AmmAL saw a great future for the young boy as the leading sampradhAya Pravarthakar of Bhagavad RaamAnuja darsanam. AmmAL offered his benedictions to the boy and asked his Sishyan, AtrEya Ramanuja to provide instructions to his nephew and grow him to become one of the greatest AchAryan. The year was 1273 C.E and NadadUr AmmAl was 108 years old. AmmAL wanted very much to train the young boy himself but recognized that he was too old and therefore asked his sishyan, AtrEya Ramanuja to accept that important responsibility. -
Srimad Bhagavatam First Canto Part One “Creation” E-Book
"Srimad Bhagavatam – First Canto" by His Divine Grace A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada. COPYRIGHT NOTICE: This is an evaluation copy of the printed version of this book, and is NOT FOR RESALE. This evaluation copy is intended for personal non-commercial use only, under the "fair use" guidelines established by international copyright laws. You may use this electronic file to evaluate the printed version of this book, for your own private use, or for short excerpts used in academic works, research, student papers, presentations, and the like. You can distribute this evaluation copy to others over the Internet, so long as you keep this copyright information intact and do not add or subtract anything to this file and its contents. You may not reproduce more than ten percent (10%) of this book in any medium without the express written permission from the copyright holders. Reference any excerpts in the following way: “Excerpted from “Srimad Bhagavatam First Canto” by A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, courtesy of the Bhaktivedanta Book Trust International, www.krishna.com.” This book and electronic file is Copyright 1972-2004 Bhaktivedanta Book Trust International, 3764 Watseka Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90034, USA. All rights reserved. For any questions, comments, correspondence, or to evaluate dozens of other books in this collection, visit the website of the publishers, www.krishna.com. About the Author His Divine Grace AC Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, the world’s most distinguished teacher of Vedic religion and thought, is the author of Bhagavad-gita As It Is, Srimad-Bhagavatam, The Nector of Devotion and many other English versions of Vedic literature. -
Sikhism Reinterpreted: the Creation of Sikh Identity
Lake Forest College Lake Forest College Publications Senior Theses Student Publications 4-16-2014 Sikhism Reinterpreted: The rC eation of Sikh Identity Brittany Fay Puller Lake Forest College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://publications.lakeforest.edu/seniortheses Part of the Asian History Commons, History of Religion Commons, and the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Puller, Brittany Fay, "Sikhism Reinterpreted: The rC eation of Sikh Identity" (2014). Senior Theses. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Publications at Lake Forest College Publications. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of Lake Forest College Publications. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Sikhism Reinterpreted: The rC eation of Sikh Identity Abstract The iS kh identity has been misinterpreted and redefined amidst the contemporary political inclinations of elitist Sikh organizations and the British census, which caused the revival and alteration of Sikh history. This thesis serves as a historical timeline of Punjab’s religious transitions, first identifying Sikhism’s emergence and pluralism among Bhakti Hinduism and Chishti Sufism, then analyzing the effects of Sikhism’s conduct codes in favor of militancy following the human Guruship’s termination, and finally recognizing the identity-driven politics of colonialism that led to the partition of Punjabi land and identity in 1947. Contemporary practices of ritualism within Hinduism, Chishti Sufism, and Sikhism were also explored through research at the Golden Temple, Gurudwara Tapiana Sahib Bhagat Namdevji, and Haider Shaikh dargah, which were found to share identical features of Punjabi religious worship tradition that dated back to their origins. -
1 Do Not Reproduce This Article in Part Or Full Without Written Permission of Author How the British Divided Punjab Into Hindu
How the British divided Punjab into Hindu and Sikh By Sanjeev Nayyar December 2016 This is chapter 2 from the E book on Khalistan Movement published by www.swarajyamag.com During a 2012 visit to Naina Devi Temple in Himachal Pradesh, about an hour's drive from Anandpur Sahib, I wondered why so many Sikhs come to the temple for darshan. The answer lies in the events of 1699. In the Chandi Charitra, the tenth Guru says that in the past god had deputed Goddess Durga to destroy evil doers. That duty was now assigned to him hence he wanted her blessings. So he invited Pandit Kesho from Kashi to conduct the ceremony at the hill of Naina Devi. The ceremony started on Durga Ashtami day, in the autumn of October 1698, and lasted for six months. At the end of this period, the sacred spring Navratras began on 21 March 1699. Then, “When all the ghee and incense had been burnt and the goddess had yet not appeared, the Guru came forward with a naked sword and, flashing it before the assembly declared: ‘This is the goddess of power!” This took place on 28 March 1699, the Durga Ashtami day. The congregation was then asked to move to Anandpur, where on New Year Day of 1st Baisakh, 1699, the Guru would create a new nation.” 3 On 30 March 1699, at Anandpur, Govind Singhji gave a stirring speech to the assembly about the need to protect their spiritual and temporal rights. He then asked if anyone would offer his head in the services of God, Truth and Religion. -
Substantial and Substantive Corporeality in the Body Discourses of Bhakti Poets
Perichoresis Volume 18.2 (2020): 73–94 DOI: 10.2478/perc-2020-0012 SUBSTANTIAL AND SUBSTANTIVE CORPOREALITY IN THE BODY DISCOURSES OF BHAKTI POETS YADAV SUMATI* PG Govt. College for Girls, Chandigarh, India ABSTRACT. This paper studies the representation of human corporeal reality in the discours- es of selected Bhakti poets of the late medieval period in India. Considering the historical background of the Bhakti movement and contemporary cultural milieu in which these mystic poets lived, their unique appropriation of the ancient concept of body is reviewed as revolu- tionary. The focus of the study is the Kabir Bijak, Surdas’s Vinay-Patrika, and Tulsidas’s Vinay- Patrika, wherein they look at and beyond the organic corporeality and encounter human body not as a socially, religiously, economically stamped noble body or lowly body; male body or female body, but a human body. This paper explores how, like existential phenomenologists, these poet/singers decode the material reality of human beings and link it to the highest goal of achieving Moksha (liberation from the cycle of birth-death) by making body a vulnerable but essential instrument towards spiritual awakening. The paper also reflects upon how these poets have suggested a middle path of absolute devotion to God while performing all earthly duties, seek spiritual enlightenment and avoid the extremities of asceticism and hedonism. KEYWORDS: corporeality, body, liberation, salvation, bhakti In this Kali Yug the body is full of woe, care, wickedness and diverse pains. Where there is steadfastness, peace and all purity, rise, Kabir, and meet it there. (Kabir) Those powerful rulers who had conquered the whole world, even made Yamraj (the God of death) their captive and tied him up—even they became the food of Kaal (Time), what do you count then? Contemplate and think about the whole matter seriously yourself—what is the truth, what is the reality. -
Glories of Thy Wondrous Name
Glories of Thy Wondrous Name From Sri Prema-vivarta of Çréla Jagadänanda Paëòita Edited By Dr. Sahadeva dasa B.com., CA., ICWA., PhD Chartered Accountant www.vedictexts.com Readers interested in the subject matter of this book are invited to correspond with the publisher at: [email protected] +91 98490 95990 or visit DrDasa.com First Edition: August 2014 Soul Science University Press expresses its gratitude to the Bhaktivedanta Book Trust International (BBT), for the use of quotes by His Divine Grace A.C.Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada. ©Soul Science University Press All rights reserved ISBN 97893-82947-16-5 Published by: Dr. Sahadeva dasa for Soul Science University Press Printed by: Rainbow Print Pack, Hyderabad To order a copy write to [email protected] or buy online: Amazon.com, rlbdeshop.com 2 Dedicated to.... His Divine Grace A.C.Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada Our saìkértana movement was first introduced in New York in 1966. At that time I came and began to chant this Hare Kåñëa mantra in Tompkins Square. I was chanting there for three hours with a small mådaìga (drum), and these American boys assembled and gradually joined, and so it is increasing.... We are attracting many students simply by chanting, and they are understanding the entire philosophy and becoming purified. This Society’s movement started only four years ago, in 1966, and we have so many branches already. The American boys and girls are taking it very seriously, and they are happy. Ask any one of them. Ceto-darpaëa-märjanam [Cc. Antya 20.12]. They are cleansing the dirty things from the heart, simply by chanting Hare Kåñëa, Hare Kåñëa, Kåñëa Kåñëa, Hare Hare/ Hare Räma, Hare Räma, Räma Räma, Hare Hare. -
Ritu Verma the Ramayana the Epic “Ramayana” Is So Naturally
Ritu Verma The Ramayana The epic “Ramayana” is so naturally ingrained in every Indian that it is difficult to recollect the earliest memories of being introduced formally to the story of Rama, the ideal ruler, revered as an incarnation of God on earth by the Hindus. India has been known as a land of sages and saints since times immemorial. Spirituality has been flowing like the Ganges throughout the country over the centuries. The worship of deities like Rama and Hanuman is a difficult concept for people from other faiths. Hindus have been called “kafirs” or non-believers sometimes for this reason. My earliest memories of the “Ramayana” include watching “Ramlila”, a play that is dramatized everyday on large play grounds or theatres for the public between Dusshehra and Diwali, the main festivals of the Hindus. Tall effigies of Ravana, with many faces, are placed at strategic points on roads and streets. These effigies are burnt on the last day of Dusshehra in remembrance of Ravana being killed by Rama after a long battle. Dusshehra signifies the victory of good over evil and culminates into Diwali, a celebration at the end of a long period of Rama’s exile and return to Ayodhya. People wear new clothes, prepare and exchange sweets with friends and neighbors, buy new silver coins and utensils and families offer special prayers in the evening at home. The houses are decorated with lamps that are lit with butter or oil. Later, adults and children come out of their houses and burn firecrackers until mid-night. There is an array of lights in the sky and the noise of crackers fills up the air.