DOCSLIB.ORG

PRIMARY HEALTH CARE and PLANNING in CUBA and COSTA RICA a Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell Univ

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE and PLANNING in CUBA and COSTA RICA a Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell Univ PRIMARY HEALTH CARE AND PLANNING IN CUBA AND COSTA RICA A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Priscilla Rivas May 1988 FI hi £ Thesis hJA loci m i 1^ 612 © Priscilla Rivas 1988 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PRIMARY HEALTH CARE AND PLANNING IN CUBA AND COSTA RICA Priscilla Rivas, Ph.D. Cornell University 1988 This dissertation compares the efforts of Cuba and Costa Rica to provide primary health care (PHC) through the integration of health and development planning, regionaliza­ tion of health services, and community participation. The study reports the delivery of PHC and the health planning processes through which PHC has been organized. The central questions examined are: (1) whether Cuba and Costa Rica have delivered PHC to the extent they claim? (2) what role, if any, the integration of economic and health planning, regionalization of health services, and community participation have played in the delivery of PHC? and (3) whether the delivery of PHC is dependent on health planning and, if so, what type? The purpose has been to establish the relationship between health planning and the delivery of PHC in the two Latin American countries with best health indices. Both have successfully implemented PHC, but their socioeconomic structures are different: Cuba is a socialist centrally planned economy and Costa Rica is a capitalist, market economy. The fulfillment of descriptive criteria for PHC in Cuba and Costa Rica was used to examine the central questions from a historical and institutional perspec­ tive. The data were gathered through interviews with planning officials and with the PHC unit staffs of each country. Six months were spent in Cuba, and twelve months in Costa Rica, between 1983 and 1985. More similarities than differences in the delivery of PHC and the health planning process in both settings were found. Despite the lack of formal integration of economic and health planning, the problems in establish­ ing regionalization as a process, and limited community participation, Cuba and Costa Rica have been able to successfully deliver PHC and improve health status. Many health and non-health related activities were responsi­ ble for the achievements in health status and PHC in both countries. The main conclusion is that health improve­ ment and the effective implementation of PHC can be achieved in different settings using multiple approaches if those with political power are willing to invest resources in the health sector and in the economic and social sectors relevant to health status improvement. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Priscilla Rivas was born in Manhattan, New York on February 5, 1953 and attended private elementary schools in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Later she attended the University of Puerto Rico High School. Rivas received a Bachelor of Science degree in Nutrition and Dietetics from the Univer­ sity of Puerto Rico in 1975. Subsequently she completed a one-year Clinical Dietetics Internship in the San Juan Veterans Administration Hospital. As a Registered Clinical Dietitian affiliated to the American Dietetic Association she worked for two years in Veterans Administration Hospitals in Illinois. At the time, she also worked as a volunteer with Mexican migrant workers. The latter experience brought about the sudden awareness that the poor lacked adequate health services in the wealthiest nation of the world. This started a period of intense questioning about the reasons behind the unequal access inherent in the traditional delivery of health services in the United States and Latin America. A rigorous course of study that could lead to the answers pursued and possible solutions led the author to enter the International Nutrition Department at Cornell University. However, one year later a greater interest had developed in health and development planning issues in the Third World. As a result, the author entered the City & Regional Department (C&RP) at Cornell University to complete a doctorate in that field. iii The authors' interest in comparative studies in health and development led to the dissertation research topic, namely health planning and primary health care in Cuba and Costa Rica. In 1981, Rivas traveled to Cuba to do preliminary research for a period of two weeks. Prelimina­ ry research was also undertaken in Costa Rica in mid-1983 funded by a Scott Paper Company research grant. After extensive talks with Cuban officials in the Cuban Interests Section in Washington, D.C. the Cuban government granted her permission to do research in Cuba for a period of six months in 1983. The author was funded by a Cornell University Latin American Studies Grant. In 1984, she won a Fulbright Research Grant to undertake doctoral dissertation research in Costa Rica for twelve months. In 1987 the author worked in Nicaragua as a short-term nutrition planning consultant for the Pan American Health Organization. Currently she holds a post-doctoral research position in the Center for International and Comparative Studies at the University of Iowa. iv To the people of Cuba and Costa Rica May their achievements promote health and peace in the troubled Central American region v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS During the extended period of time the author has worked on this research she is indebted to many individuals and institutions who facilitated what seemed, at times, an endless task. My greatest debt, however, is to Professors John Forester and William W. Goldsmith for their friendship, guidance, enduring capacity and patience during the many days spent reading, discussing and offering valuable suggestions for improvement of this work. Their towering intellect and skillful and encouraging assistance was decisive in the determination of my research strategy and the successful completion of this study. Professors Michael Latham and Tom Davis, also committee members, provided invaluable insights and assistance concerning many research issues. Their experience with the nutritional and economic problems of the Third World allowed me to overcome many conceptual hurdles. Many individuals in Cuba and Costa Rica facilitated my research tasks. On the Cuban side, I am mostly grateful to Rene Mugica from the Cuban Interests Section in Washington, D.C.; Dr. Jose A. Pages from the Cuban Ministry of Health; Dr. Mario Escalona from the Health Research Institute; and Dr. Jorge Mugica from the Occupational Health Institute. On the Costa Rican side, I greatly appreciate the help vi provided by Diane Stanley from the U.S. Information Agency in the U.S. Embassy; Dr. Juan Jaramillo Antillon, Minister of Health, and Juan M. Villasuso, Minister of Planning. The financial support of this study was provided by the Cornell University Latin American Studies Program, the Scott Paper Company, and the Fulbright Research Program. I am inmensely grateful to these funding institutions. Finally, I thank my parents and sister all deserving my deepest gratitude and affection during the stressful moments associated with tasks of this kind, and for providing unconditional love and understanding. Most importantly, I must thank my son Jean-Karlo who had to bear with his mother's research and dissertation writing period during the crucial first three years of his life. It was a long and exciting journey, I'm glad I took it. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES ...................................... xii LIST OF FIGURES ..................................... xiv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................... XV Chapter I THE IDEA OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE ............ 1 Two Kinds of Health Planning for PHC ..... 4 The Plan and Themes of this Study ........ 9 Method of Inquiry ........................ 11 Shortcomings ............................. 15 II HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOCIOECONOMIC AND HEALTH STRUCTURE IN CUBA AND COSTA RICA ... 16 CUBA ..................................... 17 Historical Evolution ................... 18 Early Efforts in Economic and Health Planning ............................... 27 Political-Administrative Structure ..... 36 Peoples Power .......................... 37 Economic Management and Planning System . 42 Improvement in the Health Sector ....... 45 viii COSTA RICA 53 Historical Evolution ................... 55 Early Efforts in Economic and Health Planning ........................ 70 Improvement in the Health Sector ....... 85 Conclusions ............................ 87 III THE PROBLEM OF EVALUATING PRIMARY HEALTH CARE 93 World Health Organization Guidelines for the Support of PHC ........................... 94 Economic Planning, Health Planning, and PHC .................................. 96 Regionalization of Health Services ....... 107 Community Participation and PHC .......... 110 The World Health Organization Approach .... 113 Descriptive Criteria for PHC ............. 115 IV DELIVERY OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN CUBA .... 119 Cuba's Model ............................. 120 Community Medicine ..................... 120 The Institutional Structure ............ 128 Regionalization of Health Services ..... 135 Popular Participation .................. 141 Innovations ............................ 14 6 Achievements and Constraints ............. 147 First-Contact Care ..................... 147 Coordination of Care ................... 149 Comprehensiveness ...................... 151 ix Longitudinality ........................ 153 Conclusions .............................. 154 V DELIVERY OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN COSTA RICA 155 Costa
Load more

Recommended publications
  • “Our Oceans, Our Future”
    In celebration of World Oceans Day 2017 “Our Oceans, Our Future” Villa Caletas Hotel, Puntarenas, Costa Rica, 8 to 9 June 2017 The speakers Luis Guillermo Solís, President of the Republic of Edgar Gutiérrez, Minister of Energy & Manuel González Sanz, Minister of Foreign Costa Rica Environment, Government of Costa Rica Relations, Government of Costa Rica Luis Guillermo Solís Rivera Edgar Gutierrez Espeleta is Manuel González Sanz is the is the 47th President of the the Minister of Environment Minister of Foreign Relations Republic of Costa Rica. He and Energy of Costa Rica. He who was formerly a has held management is a professor at the professor of corporate law positions in philanthropic University of Costa Rica, co- and securities at the and multilateral founder of the project Universidad de Costa Rica. organizations in Costa Rica “State of the Nation” of the He has served as National Rectors Council of Ambassador of Costa Rica to and internationally. He has Costa Rica and founder of the UN and its specialized been a member of the the Observatory for Development at the University organizations in Geneva in 2003, Coordinator of the Board of Directors of the Academic Council for of Costa Rica. He has over 30 publications in Caribbean and Latin America Group in 2004, Vice- the United Nations System and of the Editorial national and international journals and a book President of the Human Rights Commission Board of several magazines. He has written 10 about statistical methods. Minister Espeleta lead between 2004 and 2006 and Minister of Foreign books as an author, co-author and editor.
    [Show full text]
  • The Long Run Developmental Effects of Costa Rica's Army Abolishment
    A farewell to arms: The Long run developmental effects of Costa Rica's army abolishment Alejandro Abarca Sur´ayabi Ram´ırez Observatory of Development, University of Observatory of Development, University of Costa Rica Costa Rica January, 2017 PRELIMINARY VERSION Abstract This article measures the long-term developmental effects of Costa Rica's constitutional abolishment of its army in 1949, using synthetic control estimates. We find that after the abolishment of the army, Costa Rica's per capita GDP started growing at a much faster rate than before the abolishment. Where Costa Rica's per capita GDP grew at an average annual rate of 2.49% in the 1951-2010 period, while the synthetic control grew would have grown at an annual rate of 1.43% during the same period. Furthermore, we provide evidence to claim that this shock is robust and exclusive in Latin America. Thus suggesting that the army abolishment has indeed yielded long term benefits for Costa Rica. 1 Introduction Following the end of the civil in 1949, Costa Rica abolished its army and redirected its budget to- ward healthcare and education. Ever since and up to this day, Costa Rica has achieved some of the highest living standards and development indicators in Latin America. Furthermore, unlike most other countries in the region, Costa Rica has not had dictatorships or armed conflicts since the abolishment of its army. In addition, soon after the abolishment of its army, the country started experiencing a notable economic growth divergence relative to the rest of the countries in the region. Thus, these institutional changes along with long-standing democratic history have been considered to be factors of paramount importance that have led to these developmental achieve- ments and democratic stability in the country up to this day.
    [Show full text]
  • Legislative Assembly Department of Archives, Investigations and Processing
    Exhibit C-1l Page 1 of 311 File No. 11.202 LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY DEPARTMENT OF ARCHIVES, INVESTIGATIONS AND PROCESSING Filed by: Representative Chavarría Aguilar Matter: Creation of the Las Baulas de Guanacaste National Marine Park Bill published in Item No. ______ in Gazette No. 126 of July 4, 1991 Delivered to the Special Committee on the Environment Date: July 4, 1991 AFFIRMATIVE Date:_____________________________ UNANIMOUS NEGATIVE Date:_____________________________ AFFIRMATIVE Date: May 14, 1992 RULING MAJORITY NEGATIVE Date:_____________________________ AFFIRMATIVE Date:_____________________________ MINORITY NEGATIVE Date:_____________________________ Report – final draft: Date:_____________________________ June 12, 1995 Approved Second Debate Full Third Meeting #5 of June 21, 1995 Again to the Committee ________________________________________________________ VETO No. ____ Publ. Item No. _____ in Gazette No. _____ _____ , _______________________ Removed by Executive Authority on ______ ____, _____________________________________ Authorized on ______ ____, _____________________________________ RE-SEAL No. ______ ____, _____________________________________ Published in Item No. _____ in Gazette No. _____ _____ , _______________________ ORDER No. 7524 of July 3, 1995 Authorized on July 10, 1995 Published in Item No. _____ in Gazette No. 154 of August 16, 1995 Filed on May 13, 1991 Archived on August 21, 1995 Exhibit C-1l Page 2 of 311 1 BILL CREATION OF LAS BAULAS DE GUANACASTE NATIONAL MARINE PARK File No. 11.202 LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY: One of the three areas in the world where the Leatherback Sea Turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) nests and reproduces is located in our country. Included in this area are Playa Grande and Playa Langosta, located in the Northern Pacific, in the cove where Cabo Velas and Tamarindo Bay are located, in the canton of Santa Cruz, in the province of Guanacaste.
    [Show full text]
  • TRAINED ABROAD: a HISTORY of MULTICULTURALISM in COSTA RICAN VOCAL MUSIC by I
    Trained Abroad: A History of Multiculturalism in Costa Rican Vocal Music Item Type text; Electronic Dissertation Authors Ortiz Castro, Ivette Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 23/09/2021 10:27:44 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621142 TRAINED ABROAD: A HISTORY OF MULTICULTURALISM IN COSTA RICAN VOCAL MUSIC by Ivette Ortiz Castro _______________________________ A Document Submitted to the Faculty of the FRED FOX SCHOOL OF MUSIC In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF MUSICAL ARTS In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2016 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Document Committee, we certify that we have read the document prepared by Ivette Ortiz-Castro, titled Trained abroad: a history of multiculturalism in Costa Rican vocal music and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the document requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Musical Arts. ____________________________________________________________________________ Date: 07/18/16 Kristin Dauphinais ____________________________________________________________________________ Date: 07/18/16 Jay Rosenblatt ____________________________________________________________________________ Date: 07/18/16 William Andrew Stuckey Final approval and acceptance of this document is contingent upon the candidate’s submission of the final copies of the document to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this document prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the document requirement.
    [Show full text]
  • Costa Rican Universities
    PreMIC 5 - Roma, December 2017 Space related activities in Costa Rican Universities Olman D. Quiros-Jimenez, Costa Rica Institute of Technology [email protected] University of Costa Rica Context Population: 4,857,274 Economy: agriculture and tourism Eco Friendly Country (tec.ac.cr) (ucr.ac.cr) (wrm.org) PreMIC 5 - Roma, December 2017 2 Activities in University of Costa Rica PreMIC 5 - Roma, December 2017 3 Activities in University of Costa Rica ● Aerospace Engineering Group (GIA - Grupo de Ingeniería Aeroespacial) ● Group of Students and Professors from STEM Careers ● Founded in 2014 ● More than 30 members (GIA) (GIA) PreMIC 5 - Roma, December 2017 4 Activities in University of Costa Rica ● Main focus on education ● Inspire and motivate children and young people, to study a STEM career. ● Rocketry Camps for High School students (GIA) (semanariouniversidad.com) (GIA) PreMIC 5 - Roma, December 2017 5 Activities in University of Costa Rica ● High Power Rocketry Certifications, USA ● PreMIC5, Mexico and Italy PreMIC 5 - Roma, December 2017 6 Activities in University of Costa Rica ● Accomplishments: ○ 2 Rocketry Camps, and more than 15 presentations ○ 15 certified members ○ First Place at PreMic5 Local Competition in Mexico ○ In house Rockets ● Challenges: ○ Lack of involvement of university staff ○ Limited budget ○ Still without a Lab or facility ● Lessons Learned: ○ Teamwork ○ Students are disposed to work PreMIC 5 - Roma, December 2017 7 Activities in Costa Rica Institute of Technology PreMIC 5 - Roma, December 2017 8 Activities in Costa
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Ana Lorena Cueto SKILLS & ACCOMPLISHMENTS Teach
    Ana Lorena Cueto SKILLS & ACCOMPLISHMENTS Teach Spanish courses. University of South Carolina. Study Abroad Programs, leading professor. Teach journalism-Latin America courses. Coordinate and planning Public Relations office. Coordinate team journalists, planning news, assignment news, coordinate coverage, copy and edit stories/photos, write and cover stories in newspaper, radio and television. Managerial skill and news judgment. Know Latin American culture, costumes, politics conflicts, traditions and Latin American people that live in United States. Native in Spanish Language. Reporter in the USA. Central America, El Salvador, Panama, and Nicaragua. Guerilla war, civil war, and political conflicts in Central America. EXPERIENCE University of South Carolina. Senior Instructor . Columbia, South Carolina 2007-now. University of South Carolina. Study Abroad Director Program, San Jose, Costa Rica, Summer 2009-2010-2015-2016. Global Health Program, San Jose, Costa Rica, Summer-May-2016, Summer-May 2017 University of South Carolina. 1 Adjunct professor. Columbia. South Carolina, 2004-2007 University of South Carolina. Adjunct professor, Salkehatchie Campus 2006-now La Prensa Libre Newspaper. Opinion writer. San José, Costa Rica. 2003. Al Día Newspaper, San José, Costa Rica. Correspondent in Miami, Florida. Research, cover news and interviews. 9/2001 to 11/2003. El Diario Newspaper Miami, Florida. Assistant Managing Editor. Planning, assigning, covering, news editor. 9/2000 to 1/2001 Presidential House. San Jose, Costa Rica Assessor of Press and Public Relations First Vice President Give suggestions to the Vice president about The news, press and Public Relations. Coordinate news conferences and news release.9-12/1993 Channel 6 San Jose, Costa Rica Managing Editor and anchor. Coordinate, planning news office, assigning, scripts.
    [Show full text]
  • Abordando Las Desigualdades Territoriales En Costa Rica: Estrategias De Planificación En El Nivel Subnacional, 1974-2018
    UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COSTA RICA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES ESCUELA DE PLANIFICACIÓN Y PROMOCIÓN SOCIAL TESIS DE GRADO ABORDANDO LAS DESIGUALDADES TERRITORIALES EN COSTA RICA: ESTRATEGIAS DE PLANIFICACIÓN EN EL NIVEL SUBNACIONAL, 1974-2018 Trabajo final de graduación sometido a consideración del Tribunal Examinador para optar por el grado de Licenciatura en Planificación Económica y Social SUSTENTANTES: José Rodrigo Conejo Salas Ana Laura Román Camacho CAMPUS OMAR DENGO, HEREDIA MAYO, 2020 ii TRIBUNAL EXAMINADOR ___________________________ Isabel Calvo González Tutora ___________________________ Margarita Torres Hernández Representante de Facultad ___________________________ Gonzalo Ramírez Guier Representante de Escuela ___________________________ Rita Gamboa Conejo Lectora interna ____________________________ María del Milagro Muñoz Bonilla Lectora externa iii RESUMEN EJECUTIVO Luego de años de abandono en el campo de las ciencias sociales, esta investigación sienta bases para comprender cómo se ha abordado, en las últimas cuatro décadas, un fenómeno inalterado desde la propia creación del país: sus desigualdades territoriales producto de la excesiva concentración de oportunidades, bienes y servicios en la Gran Área Metropolitana, en detrimento de las periferias. Costa Rica pareciera no conocer otro patrón de organización social, política y espacial distinto al centralismo. El objetivo general de la presente investigación es analizar las principales estrategias de planificación a nivel subnacional para reducir las desigualdades
    [Show full text]
  • Costa Rica COSTA RICA and the INTERNET
    Costa Rica COSTA RICA AND THE INTERNET INTRODUCTION CONTENTS ● Introduction and Economy ● Our Proposal ● Technical Infrastructure Topics on this Page ● Overview ● Labor Markets ● Key Demographic Indicators ● Education ● Economy ● Outlook ● Nature & Opportunity of Access ● Business Environment OVERVIEW ● Intellectual Property The goal of our project is to explore the opportunities presented by the Internet in Costa Rica. We have gathered ● Regulatory a large amount of data on the labor, infrastructure, Environment regulatory, and economic factors that will impact the number and type of opportunities that exist in the country. ● Links In our case studies, we have witnessed some of the challenges posed by Internet initiatives in Costa Rica, and ● Feedback in addition to finding ways around these obstacles, have proposed some policy changes that should encourage significant Internet development. While Costa Rica may not be the next Silicon Valley, we believe that its stable economy and educated population put it in a strong http://www.stanford.edu/~srahim/ (1 of 4) [12/13/1999 4:35:13 PM] Costa Rica position to become an advanced user of technology. Whether speaking in terms of per capita income, education levels, political stability or Internet usage, Costa Rica proves to be very different compared to its geographical and political counterparts. As its key demographic indicators show, it has a very educated labor force, strong macroeconomic growth and forecasts, an excellent basic technical infrastructure, and a stable political environment. All of these lead to the conclusion that Costa Rica is in an excellent position to benefit from the Internet Revolution, and to make its presence felt in the Digital Economy.
    [Show full text]
  • The University of Costa Rica Regional Training Center (UCR-RTC). Part I: Contribution to Education and Training of Regional Meteorological Personnel 1968-2017
    The University of Costa Rica Regional Training Center (UCR-RTC). Part I: Contribution to education and training of regional meteorological personnel 1968-2017 Erick R. Rivera1,2 1 Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics (DAOPP), School of Physics and 2Center for Geophysical Research (CIGEFI) University of Costa Rica, San Jose 11501-2060, Costa Rica Email: [email protected] Institutional Structure The UCR-RTC Staff UCR – RTC Online Programs/Courses (in Spanish) The University of Costa Rica (UCR): 1940 ▪ Alfaro, Eric, Ph.D., University of Concepción, Chile Master in Operational Meteorology Program ▪ Amador, Jorge A., Ph.D., Reading University, United Kingdom The Faculty of Sciences and the Department The application of knowledge on weather, climate, ▪ of Physics and Mathematics: 1957 Castillo, Rodrigo, Ph.D., University of Vigo, Spain variability and changes represents a growing ▪ Durán-Quesada Ana María, Ph.D., University of Vigo, Spain challenge for the different productive sectors. The School of Physics: 1973 ▪ Fernández, Walter, Ph.D. (Emeritus), Imperial College, United Kingdom Decision-making aimed at mitigating vulnerability to The WMO Regional Training Center: 1967 ▪ Garbanzo, Marcial, Ph.D., University of Western Ontario, Canada atmospheric and ocean phenomena requires a ▪ Gutiérrez, Jorge, Ph.D., Reading University, United Kingdom The Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic sound knowledge of the main processes of the ▪ and Planetary Physics: 1979 Hidalgo, Hugo, Ph.D., University of California L.A., United States
    [Show full text]
  • College Codes (Outside the United States)
    COLLEGE CODES (OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES) ACT CODE COLLEGE NAME COUNTRY 7143 ARGENTINA UNIV OF MANAGEMENT ARGENTINA 7139 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF ENTRE RIOS ARGENTINA 6694 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TUCUMAN ARGENTINA 7205 TECHNICAL INST OF BUENOS AIRES ARGENTINA 6673 UNIVERSIDAD DE BELGRANO ARGENTINA 6000 BALLARAT COLLEGE OF ADVANCED EDUCATION AUSTRALIA 7271 BOND UNIVERSITY AUSTRALIA 7122 CENTRAL QUEENSLAND UNIVERSITY AUSTRALIA 7334 CHARLES STURT UNIVERSITY AUSTRALIA 6610 CURTIN UNIVERSITY EXCHANGE PROG AUSTRALIA 6600 CURTIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AUSTRALIA 7038 DEAKIN UNIVERSITY AUSTRALIA 6863 EDITH COWAN UNIVERSITY AUSTRALIA 7090 GRIFFITH UNIVERSITY AUSTRALIA 6901 LA TROBE UNIVERSITY AUSTRALIA 6001 MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY AUSTRALIA 6497 MELBOURNE COLLEGE OF ADV EDUCATION AUSTRALIA 6832 MONASH UNIVERSITY AUSTRALIA 7281 PERTH INST OF BUSINESS & TECH AUSTRALIA 6002 QUEENSLAND INSTITUTE OF TECH AUSTRALIA 6341 ROYAL MELBOURNE INST TECH EXCHANGE PROG AUSTRALIA 6537 ROYAL MELBOURNE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AUSTRALIA 6671 SWINBURNE INSTITUTE OF TECH AUSTRALIA 7296 THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE AUSTRALIA 7317 UNIV OF MELBOURNE EXCHANGE PROGRAM AUSTRALIA 7287 UNIV OF NEW SO WALES EXCHG PROG AUSTRALIA 6737 UNIV OF QUEENSLAND EXCHANGE PROGRAM AUSTRALIA 6756 UNIV OF SYDNEY EXCHANGE PROGRAM AUSTRALIA 7289 UNIV OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA EXCHG PRO AUSTRALIA 7332 UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE AUSTRALIA 7142 UNIVERSITY OF CANBERRA AUSTRALIA 7027 UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES AUSTRALIA 7276 UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE AUSTRALIA 6331 UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND AUSTRALIA 7265 UNIVERSITY
    [Show full text]
  • Dr. Bernardo Blanco Vitae 1705 Lake Miriam Dr
    Dr. Bernardo Blanco Vitae 1705 Lake Miriam Dr. Phone: (863)877-9735 Lakeland, FL 33813 Office: (863) 680-4114 PROFESSIONAL OBJECTIVE My personal and professional objective is to continue growing in the field of Language Acquisition Research, Cognition, Special Education (gifted & cognitively challenged), curriculum development and educational leadership. PERSONAL DATA Name : Bernardo G. Blanco, Ph. D. Place of Birth : Costa Rica Marital Status : Married 42 yrs. (3 sons—36, 28, 21; 3 grandchildren) E-Mail Address : [email protected] ACADEMIC DATA Elementary School in San Jose, Costa Rica 1959-1964 Diploma Secondary School in San Jose, Costa Rica 1965-1969 Diploma University of Costa Rica 1970-1975 Teacher’s Degree & B.A. English Literature Ohio University at Athens, Ohio 1976-1978 M.A. in Applied Linguistics ESL/EFL Indiana University at Bloomington, IN 1981-1986 Ph.D. in Applied Linguistics [Language Acquisition and Speech Pathology]—Awarded 1n 2002. SEMINARS & TECHNICAL TRAINING Perspectives Central American Institute of Business Administration (INCAE) 1989 Productivity and Training Universidad Interamericana de Puerto Rico 1989 Management Today Latin American University of Science & Technology (ULACIT) 1989 Customer Service Costa Rican Investment & Development (CINDE) 1989 Sales Motivation Costa Rican Investment & Development (CINDE) 1990 Export Incentives: Training Course directed to the Costa Rican Diplomats Overseas CCCU-Springfield, Missouri 2003 Higher Education Seminar ESOL Conference at Sanibel Island, FL 2006 Higher Education Meeting on ESOL Sikes Elementary, Lakeland, FL 2007 Speaker at ESOL Conference Night Self-Directed Learning Symposium—Cocoa Beach 2008 Paper presenter “SDL in High Schools to Prevent High Drop-Out Rates” Self-Directed Learning Symposium—Cocoa Beach 2009 (Feb) Paper presenter “What Teaching Is Not: A Review of Teaching Methods and SDL” US-Partners in Learning/Florida Southern 2009(Sept) Peer-Coaching—Instructional Technology Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • COSTA RICA COUNTRY READER TABLE of CONTENTS Robert A
    COSTA RICA COUNTRY READER TABLE OF CONTENTS Robert A. Stevenson 1947-1950 Economic / Consular Officer San Jos" Robert F. Woodward 1954-1958 Ambassador Costa Rica Dere) S. Singer 1958-1960 ,raining Officer ICA .SIA San Jos" /eorge A. 0cFarland Jr. 1960-1961 Rotation Officer San Jos" 2awrence E. 3arrison 1964-1965 Program Officer .SAID San Jose 1969-1971 0ission Director .SAID San Jos" Clarence S. 5oonstra 1967-1969 Ambassador Costa Rica John A. 5ushnell 1967-1969 Economic Officer San Jos" Ronald F. 7ene8ia 1969-1971 Assistant Program Officer .SAID San Jos" 1990-1994 0ission Director .SAID San Jos" Samuel F. 3art 1969-1971 Economic / Commercial Officer San Jos" Edward 3. Wil)inson 1969-1971 7ice Consul / /eneral Services Officer San Jos" James F. 0ac) 1971-1971 Political/2abor Officer San Jos" 1973-1975 Political/2abor Officer San Jos" 5arbara Shelby 0erello 1973-1975 Cultural Attach" .SIA San Jos" Joseph /. Sullivan 1973-1975 Costa Rica Des) Officer Washington DC ,erence A. ,odman 1974-1977 Ambassador Costa Rica Jac) R. 5inns 1979-1980 Deputy Chief of 0ission San Jos" Ronald D. /odard 1981-1985 Chief Political Officer San Jos" /eorge F. Jones 1981-1985 Deputy Chief of 0ission San Jos" Curtin Winsor Jr. 1983-1985 Ambassador Costa Rica James 2. ,ull 1985-1987 Deputy Chief of 0ission San Jos" Richard 3. 0elton 1985-1987 Director Office of Central American Affairs Washington DC John ,odd Stewart 1987-1990 Deputy Chief of 0ission San Jos" ,heresa A. 2oar 1991-1993 Costa Rica Des) Officer Washington DC ,homas J. Dodd 1997-1001 Ambassador Costa Rica ROBERT A.
    [Show full text]