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A New Species of Chifengiinae (Orthoptera: Prophalangopsidae) from the Lower Cretaceous Zhonggou Formation of the Jiuquan Basin, Northwest China

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A New Species of Chifengiinae (Orthoptera: Prophalangopsidae) from the Lower Cretaceous Zhonggou Formation of the Jiuquan Basin, Northwest China Cretaceous Research 73 (2017) 60e64 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Cretaceous Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/CretRes Short communication A new species of Chifengiinae (Orthoptera: Prophalangopsidae) from the Lower Cretaceous Zhonggou Formation of the Jiuquan Basin, Northwest China * He Wang a, b, , Daran Zheng a, c, Xiaojie Lei a, b, Qingqing Zhang a, b, Xiaoyin Ren a, ** Bo Wang a, d, Yan Fang a, Edmund A. Jarzembowski a, e, Haichun Zhang a, a State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China b University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, JinZhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China c Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region d Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1, Beichen West Road, Beijing, 100101, China e Department of Earth Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, SW7 5BD, UK article info abstract Article history: A new orthopteran species, Ashanga jiuquanensis Wang and Zhang sp. nov., is assigned to the subfamily Received 26 November 2016 Chifengiinae of Prophalangopsidae (Insecta: Orthoptera) and is reported based on male and female Received in revised form forewings from the Lower Cretaceous Zhonggou Formation in the Jiuquan Basin, Gansu Province, 23 January 2017 Northwest China. The discovery of the new species extends not only the age range of the subfamily Accepted in revised form 24 January 2017 Chifengiinae, but also the geographical distribution of the genus Ashanga. Available online 31 January 2017 © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: New species Chifengiinae Jiuquan Basin Zhonggou Formation Albian 1. Introduction Jiuquan Basin, Gansu Province (Wang et al., 2016). Recently, the authors investigated the Jiuquan Basin and recovered some insect As one of the 5 subfamilies of fossil Prophalangopsidae, Chi- fossils from the Lower Cretaceous Zhonggou Formation including fengiinae is thought to be closely related to Aboilinae, the most two orthopteran forewings. The two forewings, a male and a fe- diverse subfamily of Prophalangopsidae (Gorochov, 2003; Fang male, are assigned to Ashanga, Chifengiinae and a new species is et al., 2013). The most distinctive difference between the Chi- erected herein. fengiinae and other subfamilies of fossil Prophalangopsidae is the reduction of vein C in this subfamily (Fang et al., 2013). 2. Material and methods So far, 7 species in 4 genera have been assigned to the Chi- fengiinae from Middle Jurassic e Lower Cretaceous deposits of The two forewings (both consisting of part and counterpart) Russia, China and England (Table 1). In China, Chifengiinae was ever described in this paper are preserved as impressions on the surface reported from the Lower Cretaceous Chijinpu Formation in the of grey, clayey shales of the Zhonggou Formation and were collected at Hanxiagou, Chijin Town, Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, northwest China (Fig. 1A). The Lower Cretaceous Zhonggou For- * Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, mation here unconformably underlies the Paleogene Huoshaogou Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Formation and conformably overlies the Lower Cretaceous Xiagou Nanjing, 210008, China. Formation (Fig. 1B). The specimens were examined dry using a ** Corresponding author. E-mail addresses: [email protected] (H. Wang), [email protected] Nikon SMZ1000 stereomicroscope. The photographs were taken (H. Zhang). using a NIKON D800 digital camera, and the line drawings were http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2017.01.006 0195-6671/© 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. H. Wang et al. / Cretaceous Research 73 (2017) 60e64 61 Table 1 Detailed information on fossil material assigned to Chifengiinae. Subfamily/genus/species Type Horizon Age Locality References material CHIFENGIINAE Hong, 1982 Aenigmoilus Gorochov et al., 2006 Aenigmoilus minutus Female Lower Cretaceous Late Clockhouse Brickworks, Gorochov et al. (2006) Gorochov et al., 2006 Lower Weald Clay Hauterivian Capel, Surrey, England Ashanga Zherikhin, 1985 Ashanga borealis Fang et al., 2013 Male Lower Cretaceous Aptian Jiangzhangzi, Lingyuan, Liaoning, China Fang et al. (2013) Yixian Formation Ashanga clara Zherikhin, 1985 Male Upper Jurassic Oxfordiane Ashanga, Transbaikalia, Russia Zherikhin (1985) Uda Formation Kimmeridgian Ashanga hongi Meng and Ren, 2006 Female Lower Cretaceous Aptian Beipiao, Liaoning, China Meng and Ren (2006); Yixian Formation Gu et al. (2010) Asbanga jiuquanensis sp. nov. Female/male Lower Cretaceous Albian Jiuquan City, Gansu, China This study Zhonggou Formation Chifengia Hong, 1982 Chifengia batuyingziensis Wang, 1987 Male Middle Jurassic Bajociane Batuyingzi, Beipiao, Liaoning, China Wang (1987) Haifanggou Formation Bathonian Chifengia mosaica Hong, 1982 Male Lower Cretaceous Aptian Chifeng, China Hong (1982) Parahagla Sharov, 1968 Parahagla sibirica Sharov, 1968 Female/male Lower Cretaceous Yixian Valanginiane Baissa, Siberia, Russia; Beipiao, Sharov (1968); Formation; Aptain Liaoning, China; Luanping and Meng et al. (2006); Chijinpu Formation; Chengde, Hebei, China Meng and Ren (2006); Zaza Formation Ren (1995); Gu et al. (2010); Wang et al. (2016) compiled by tracing the photographs using the image-editing subcosta; RA, radius anterior; RS (RP), radial sector; M (M þ CuA), software CorelDraw X5 and Adobe Photoshop CS. The specimens media; MA (M), media anterior; MP (CuA), media posterior; Cu are deposited at the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology (CuP), cubitus; CuA (CuPa), cubitus anterior; CuP (CuPb), cubitus (NIGP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China. posterior; A, analis; 1A, first anal vein; 2A, second anal vein; There is no consensus on the interpretation of wing-venation “handle vein”, special crossvein between CuA1 and CuA2. nomenclature of Orthoptera; here we follow that proposed by Zeuner (1939), Sharov (1968, 1971), and amended by Gorochov 3. Systematic palaeontology (1986, 1995). The venational abbreviations used by Bethoux and Nel (2001, 2002) are given here in parenthesis following the cor- Order: Orthoptera Olivier, 1789 responding ones in Gorochov (1995) if any significant differences Family: Prophalangopsidae Kirby, 1906 are present between the two terminologies: C (ScA), costa; Sc (ScP), Subfamily: Chifengiinae Hong, 1982 Fig. 1. Geographical and stratigraphical details of the orthoperan Ashanga jiuquanensis sp. nov. A. Sketch map of Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, China, showing the locality of the Hanxiagou Section. B. General section showing the lithology of the Zhonggou Formation and the position (arrow) of the material collected in the Hanxiagou outcrop. C. Photo showing the Hanxiagou Section (revised from Zheng et al., 2015). 62 H. Wang et al. / Cretaceous Research 73 (2017) 60e64 Genus: Ashanga Zherikhin, 1985 Type species: Ashanga clara Zherikhin, 1985 Ashanga jiuquanensis sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D29E7DC4-B89F-43C7-8832- 91DF5A099534 (Figs 2, 3) 3.1. Etymology The specific name derives from Jiuquan, in reference to the type locality of the material in Jiuquan Basin. 3.2. Diagnosis Male forewing broadly oval; precostal area small; C slightly arched; first branch of Sc ending in stem C; “handle vein” slightly arched; stridulatory vein strong, sharply curved. Female forewing long and narrow, and similar to male in precostal area, C and first branch of Sc; RA anteriorly pectinate with 4 simple branches; RS posteriorly pectinate with 3 branches; crossveins regularly spaced basally but reticulated distally; anterior branch of MP þ CuA1 with 5 branches ending in posterior margin; CuP slightly sigmodial; 1A subparallel to CuP. 3.3. Material NIGP164836 a, b, part and counterpart, an incomplete male forewing with only basal part preserved; NIGP164837 a, b, a nearly complete female forewing with apex missing. 3.4. Locality and horizon Hanxiagou, Chijin Town, Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, North- west China; Zhonggou Formation, Lower Cretaceous (Albian). 3.5. Description NIGP164836 (Fig. 2). Male forewing with only basal part pre- served. Preserved length 10 mm (total length probably 25 mm), maximal width 8.6 mm; ratio of length to maximal width probably 2.9: 1. Precostal area partly missing, with two veinlets and two crossveins preserved. C arched anteriorly, ending in anterior margin. Sc long, slightly sigmodial and giving off 5 distinct and strongly oblique branches, with first terminating on C. Crossveins between branches of Sc reticulated. R running obliquely anteriorly, subparallel to Sc; area between Sc and R narrow with crossveins well spaced. M running obliquely posteriorly and diverging from R near wing base; M dividing into MA and MP slightly distal of C termination; MA forking into MA1 and MA2 1 mm distal of bifur- cation of M into MA and MP; stem MP straight; MP connected to CuA1 quite distal of fork MA1 þ MA2, and forked immediately; “handle vein” slightly arched, about 3.0 mm long, ending in connection of MP with CuA1; crossveins between CuA1 and “handle vein” slightly arched; CuP strong and zigzagged; crossveins be- tween CuP and CuA2 regularly spaced. Three anal veins distin- guishable with crossveins well spaced between them. Fig. 2. NIGP164836. A. part, NIGP164836a; B. counterpart, NIGP164836b (reversed); C. NIGP164837 (Fig. 3). Female forewing, slightly
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