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Tlaxcala's Reception of the Conquistadors, 1519 Tlaxcala’s Reception of the Conquistadors, 1519 1540 with some Native groups never submitting. with the Aztecs’ fall. It was a long process, was3. notSpanish acolonization done deal practices developed since theearly 1400s. colonization approaches. They 2. innot were Conquerors their exceptional deployed ‘superiority’. cultural & technological ropean Eu not confederacy, Aztec the toppled ease dis Tlaxcalans—and the allies—like Native 1. Myths Conquest Dispelling 1519-21. in conquerors the offered had they seeking given fromtaxes the exemption aid it to the Spanish Crown as part of a request cala created this around 1530-40 and sent Tlax of Kingdom Native The them. surround Cortés for gifts and nobles, Tlaxcalan tadors, the downfall of the Aztec to Empire. lead Conquis would that alliance an in resulted that meeting between This painting depicts Malintzin a translating 1539 1st printing press established in the Americas 1537 Pope proclaims humanity of Natives 1535 April 1st Viceroy of New Spain arrives Xicoténcatl Xicoténcatl I and 1533 Fr. Zumárraga becomes 1st Bishop of Mexico 1531 Mexico’s Royal Court justices 1530 replaced due to corruption 1528 Cortés returns to Spain to address fraud accusations Cortés 1527 Mexico’s Royal Court established to - - - - curb Cortés’ power Tlaxcala’s Reception of the Conquistadors, 1519 theConquistadors, of Reception Tlaxcala’s Franciscan friar-priest Franciscan nd, entities. id- European regional emish, amongother stilian, anish’ ‘Sp- sider themselves didnotcon- and most re Conquistadors of Oaxaca. of the Valley and the Marquisate Spain ofNew Governorship with the him ed Despite floutingorders, theCrown reward 1525 “White a Spaniards,” few of these men we- lords led by Oftenself-interest. depicted as soldiers” acting onroyal orders, butfeudal of African descent, descent, of African t 1523 Malintzin’s son, Martín Cortés, is born a even was here — 1522 Cortés becomes 1st Governor of Galician, orFl- they were Ca- were they New Spain In 1521 Cortés & allies conquer Tenochtitlan ba- Cortés’ 1520 Cuahtémoc becomes Aztec ruler ces, formally claiming la- force with Native allian- rsion, he expanded ederacy. During his his incu- the fall of the Aztec conf- Mexico that resulted in expedition into mainland who led an unsanctioned was a Spanish conqueror Hernán Cortés Nov. tify his unofficial actions. nd for Spain to later jus Cortés & allies enter Tenochtitlan & . arrest Moctezuma II (dies soon after) Oct. Cortés & Tlaxcalans massacre Cholula were not “Spanish natives Sept. Tlaxcalans fight, then joinC ortés July Cortés founds Veracruz & sinks ships June Totonacs in Cempoala join Cortés Mar. Maya give Malintzin to Cortés Feb. Cortés defies Velázquez & leaves Cuba for Mexico - - 1519 in Potonchán earlier. done with Malintzin Chontal Mayan the like much men, his had attendto Cortés and women as chattelto gifted other also the alliance. They Native marriage to cement red their daughters in cy and the Tlaxcala’s Europeans. ural bridges between the confedera- Native story emerge as potential political and cult- women Indigenous Cortés, who embodied the colonial society, she gave birth to Becoming Martín Doña Marina in post-conquest 1518 Velázquez grants & revokes Cortés’ charter to explore Mexico 1517 Hernández leads Yucatán expedition 1515 Malintzin unts unts note her diplomatic young age gifted herto Cortésat a Being a slave, the Mayan overthrow of the Aztec. gotiations that led to the in the ne- Spanish-Native interpreter—and critical che, was Cortés’ Nahuatl ing allies out of enemies. & linguistic skills in mak 1512 Burgos Laws forbid Native abuse 1511 1st Royal Court & Catholic Diocese established in Santo Domingo mestizo mestizo 1510 in the Tlaxcalan in 1519 1509 offe- rulers Ponce de León appointed 1st , or Malin- Governor of Puerto Rico identity. 1507 Earliest recorded smallpox epidemic . Acco- in Americas - 1505 further their interests. their further ok the opportunity to querors, intentions of the were not naive to the other Native groups, autonomous city-states ( efforts from the Aztec modern-day Tlaxcala. Rebuffing conquest otelolco, Tizatlán, and Quiahuiztlan—near confederacy of Oc- city-states—Tepeticpac, Tlaxcalan natives his son led the into Tlaxcalans Tenochtitlan. lco city-state tlahtoani 1504 Cortés arrives in Santo Domingo also an 1503 Encomienda labor system enacted 1502 Moctezuma II becomes Aztec ruler and 1501 Isabella declares Natives royal vassals head Maxixcatzin, of the ), they alliance of 1500 . as They, rulers to- rulers who favored it. Unwillingly, were were con- 1498 Columbus’ last expedition to the sided with the opposed the alliance, he warriors his son and leader of the ala’s Totonacs. Although ch also included Cempo- with whi- Cortés’ affront, Tlaxcalan city-state. He confederacy allied the or ruler, of the Tizatlán the Tlaxcalan Xicoténcatl I Americas 1496 Portugal expels non-Christians 1495 , Xicoténcatl II, belonged belonged to a 1493 Pope grants Spain spiritual authority tlahtoani Tlaxcalan over lands west of Azores Islands Ocotelo- 1492 Islamic Granada falls to Catholic Spain Columbus first lands in the Americas was 1490 , .
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