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resource has mounted due to constantly decreasing catch rates which, in 1976, were 16 t/hour. Reports of the highly valued cen­ Initial U.S. Exploration of Nine tral North Pacific fisheries of Japan and the U.S.S.R. prompted Gulf of Alaska and Their the first U.S. investigation of nine Associated and Shellfish Resources major seamounts, and their associated fishery resources, in the Gul f of Alaska during a 40-day period in June and STEVEN E. HUGHES July 1979. This report is a summary of the topography, partial water tem­ perature profile, and general fishery resource information of the seamounts Introduction development of large Japanese and investigated. Soviet fisheries over several seamounts Based on the location of the "200­ Undersea mountains known as ­ in the central North Pacific, north­ mile line" established by the Fish­ mounts are prominent features of the west of Midway Island. Takahashi and ery Conservation and Management floor and are far more numerous Sasaki (1977) and Sasaki (1978) re­ Act of 1976, Dickens, Welker, Quinn, in the Pacific than in the Atlantic and ported Japanese catches of pelagic Giacomini, and Patten seamounts are Indian . Larina (1975) reported armorhead, Pentaceros richardsoni, located within the U.S. controlled the occurrence of 7,100 seamounts and alfonsin, Beryx splendens, have fishery conservation zone and Durgin, rising more than 0.5 km above the averaged 20,000-30,000 metric tons (t) Pratt, Applequist, and Surveyor sea­ Pacific Ocean . Pacific sea­ annually since 1972. mounts are located outside that zone mounts are primarily of volcanic origin Catches have principally been ob­ in international waters (Fig. I). concentrated in the central and western tained by trawlers operating on four Methods Pacific, but clusters of spectacular seamounts west of Midway Island at undersea mountains also occur along long. 171 o_179°E, lat. 30o-36°N. They Operations were conducted from the the northeastern North Pacific and Gulf also reported that Soviet trawl catches chartered 35 m (108 foot) trawler-crab­ of Alaska. of armorhead and alfonsin in that area ber Sunset Bay. A variety of survey and In addition to the often striking geo­ may have reached 130,000 t in 1969, fishing gear was operated in an explor­ logical features of seamounts, which and while Soviet operations have con­ atory mode designed to determine sea­ may rise abruptly from ocean basin tinued, more recent catches are un­ mount topographic and temperature depths of4,000 m to within 20 m of the known. Also indicative of the initial profiles and determine the distribution ocean surface, some seamounts are high armorhead and alfonsin densities and composition of the pelagic and known to be inhabited by surprisingly over these seamounts, 1,500-4,000-ton demersal fisheries community. large quantities of for their Japanese trawlers averaged catch rates Large scale Loran-C work charts relatively small surface areas. This has of 60.2 t/hour in 1972. Since that year, spanning the location of each seamount been convincingly shown by the recent however, concern for stability of the were prepared prior to the cruise and provided a means to map transected acoustic depth soundings, temperatures resulting from expendable bathyther­ mograph (XBT) casts, location of trawl hauls, location of fixed gear, and com­ ABSTRACT-The first U.S. exploration Welker, Durgin, Pratt, Applequist, Survey­ ments on seabed hardness as interpreted of fish and shellfish resources associated or, Quinn, Giacomini, and Patten) topog­ from the acoustic soundings. After with nine Gulf of Alaska seamounts was raphy and seabed conditions, as determined conducted during 40 days in June and July from acoustic mapping, are presented along each seamount was mapped, fishing 1979 from the 35-m crabber-trawler Sunset with fishery resource information for all gear was deployed as dictated by seabed Bay. The reconnaisance survey included but Applequist seamount. Species of com­ conditions. to depths detailed acoustic soundings to map seabed mercial importance occurred primarily in of 385 fathoms (fm) was completed topography; determine the suitability of the demersal community and included two with a high opening 32 m (105 foot) substrate for deploying a variety of fishing species of king crab, Lithodes couesi gears; and exploratory fishing with sable­ and L. aequispina; snow (Tanner) crab, fish traps, king crab pots, bottom trawls, Chionoecetes tanneri; and sablefish, Ano­ midwater trawls, and photographic gear to plopoma fimbria. The pelagic community determine fish and shellfish species com­ consisted primarily of low densities of Steven E. Hughes is with the Northwest and position, their distribution, and relative highly diversified bathypelagic and Alaska Fisheries Center, National Marine Fish­ abundance on and over the seamounts. squids including several rare species of eries Service, NOAA, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Descriptions of each seamount (Dickens, scientific interest. Seattle, WA 98112.

26 Marine Fisheries Review 155' 150' 145' 140' 135' 130' W

GO'N

55'

200 m --... ------1000 m ------2000m --- 3000m ---- 4000m

.. .50'

Figure 1. -Location of the nine seamounts surveyed in the Gulf of Alaska, 31 May-4 July 1979.

footrope Nor'easterl trawl equipped trawl net was of the east coast Canadian were of both the Korean style 1.5 m with rubber bobbins and a 32 mm "Diamond" series (54 m, 177 foot (5 foot) diameter conical and U.S. style (I \4 inch) mesh liner in the codend. footrope), equipped with a 32 mm 2.4 m (8 foot) long rectangular design. Trawl doors used to spread the bottom (I \4 inch) mesh codend liner and was Near the end of the survey, four 1.8 m trawl were 1.8 x 2.7 m (6 x 9 spread with 1.8 x 2.7 m (6 x 9 foot) (6 foot) square king crab pots were foot) steel V-type, each weighing about Suberkrub-type doors weighing 540 kg added to the trap strings to better 1,045 kg (2,300 pounds). The midwater (1,200 pounds) each. sample crab populations which were Seventeen sablefish traps fished in encountered in surprisingly high quan­ strings on the seabed (Hipkins, 1974) tities during the earlier survey period. 'Mention of trade names or commercial firms does not imply endorsement by the National were also used to sample the demersal still photography was con­ Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA. fish and shellfish community. The traps ducted on Patton, Giacomini, and

January 1981 27 2 Quinn Seamounts (Raymore ). The WSW of Cape Ommaney (Baranof of one large, steep peak composed of underwater camera and light source Island) offsoutheastern Alaska, Welker hard substrate. While a minimum depth were mounted to a triangular shaped Seamount's center is positioned at lat. of 388 fm was determined, a maximum metal frame suspended 2.5 m above a 55°06' 42" N, long. 140°20' 36" W. area of 1 nmi 2 occurs at depths less than baited ballast weight which was low­ Welker Seamount rises from abyssal 500 fm. ered to the seabed. Using this system, plain depths of 1,900 fm to within 385 Pratt Seamount time-lapse 35 mm photographs were fm of the ocean surface at the east edge. obtained during 4V2-6 hour periods at The top is rectangular and measures Located 46 nmi true north of Apple­ depths of 237-435 fm. 4 x 7 nmi (28 nmi 2) with the long axis quist Seamount and approximately 229 oriented north-south. Depths on top of nmi WSW of Cape Edgecumbe(Kruzof Results Welker ranged from 385 to 500 fm with Island) off southeast Alaska, Pratt Sea­ Seamount Descriptions most of the surface area at 420-450 fm. mount's center is positioned at lat. Rock pinnacles rising 5-20 fm high are 56° 14'22" N, long. 142°32' 00" W. Descriptions of the major topograph­ very common over the entire surface of Pratt rises from depths of ical features of all nine seamounts (Fig. the seamount. Areas of soft substrate about 2,000 fm to within 385 fm of the 1) were successfully completed and are common between pinnacles. ocean surface. The top is rather sym­ may be summarized as follows in order Temperature conditions derived from metrically shaped, measures 4 x 5 of their east to west trans-Gulf location. the XBT over and adjacent to Welker nmi, with most of the 20 nmi 2 of the Seamount were very similar and typi­ top surface area being at depths of400­ Dickens Seamount 0 cally displayed 8.0 -8.4°C surface 450 fm. The seabed over the central and Located 145 nautical miles (nmi) true readings, a at 11-38 fm, north central area is primarily soft west of Cape Muzon (Dall Island) and 3.r-4.2°C bottom temperatures. substrate while the east, west, and off southeastern Alaska, Dickens Sea­ southern edge areas consist of hard and Durgin Seamount mount's center is positioned at lat. soft patches ofsubstrate with occasional 54°3I'18"N, long. 136°56'OO"W. Located 60 nmi WNW of Welker rock pinnacles. This seamount rises from abyssal plain Seamount and approximately 215 nmi Surveyor Seamount depths of 1,600 fm to with in 228 fm of WSW of Cape Edgecumbe (Kruzof the ocean surface at the central posi­ Island) offsoutheastern Alaska, Durgin Located 58 nmi WSW of Pratt Sea­ tion. The top is rectangular in shape and Seamount's center is positioned at lat. mount and approximately 235 nmi true measures approximately 2 x 5 nmi 55°50'00"N, long. l41 0 51'30"W. south of Cape St. El ias (Kayak Island) 2 (10 nmi ) with the long axis oriented in Durgin Seamount rises from abyssal Alaska, Surveyor Seamount's center is a northeast-southwest direction. Depths plain depths of 1,900 fm to within 343 positioned at lat. 56°03' 06" N, long. on top of Dickens ranged from 228 to fm of the ocean surface near the center 144°19'20"W. Surveyor rises from 410 fm, with much of the 10 nmi 2 being position of the top. Its top is rectangu­ abyssal plain depths of about 1,800 fm at 230-300 fm. The substrate is patchy lar, measuring approximately 4 x 7 to within 200 fm of the ocean surface. 2 (areas of hard and soft ) with nmi (28 nmi ) with the long axis This seamount has a relatively large, scattered rock pinnacles. oriented in a northeast-southwest direc­ flat, oval surface comprising about 70 2 On 2 June 1979, XBT casts over the tion. The top is quite flat ranging nmi . Depths within this area ranged seamount indicated water surface tem­ primarily from 355 to 390 fm below the from 200 fm atop a large rock pinnacle peratures of 8.5°C, a poorly defined ocean surface. Rocky pinnacles and to 450 fm; however, most of the surface thermocline at 16-27 fm, and a bottom hard substrate are prominent features of area was 300-350 fm. Soft substrate temperature of 4.3°C. Over deep water the eastern half of the top, while soft was extensive, particularly on the adjacent to Dickens, surface tempera­ sediment and occasional rock pinnacles southwest and south sides. Rock pin­ tures ranged from 8.r to 9.0°C, and are prominent over the western half. nacles were present and most common a more discrete 3.5°C thermocline on the north and east sides. existed at 11-38 fm. Applequist Seamount Quinn Seamount Located 36 nmi SW of Durgin Sea­ Welker Seamount mount and approximately 252 nmi Located 33 nmi WNW of Surveyor Located 120 nmi WNW of Dickens WSW of Cape Edgecumbe (Kruzof Seamount and approximately 220 nmi Seamount and approximately 201 nmi Island) off southeastern Alaska, Apple­ south of Cape St. Elias (Kayak Island), quist Seamount's center is positioned Alaska, Quinn Seamount's center is at lat. 55° 28' 30" N, long. 142°46' positioned at lat. 56°18' 18" N, long. 24" W. Applequist rises abruptly from 145°13'07"W. Quinn rises abruptly 2Raymore, P. 1979. Deep-sea floor photography on Gulf of Alaska seamounts. Northwest and abyssal plai n depths of about 2,000 fm from abyssal plain depths of about Alaska Fisheries Center Monthly Report, De­ to within 388 fm of the ocean surface 2,000 fm to within 373 fm of the ocean cember, p. 9-19. Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center, NMFS, NOAA, 2725 Montlake Blvd. near the center position of the top. The surface. The top is rather oval, mea­ E., Seattle, WA 98112. top of this seamount consists primarily sures 3 x 4 nmi with most of the 12

28 Marine Fisheries Review Table 1.-Sablefish and crab catches by trap-pot type obtained on the eight Gulf of Alaska seamounts fished from nmi 2 surface being 400-450 fm below 31 May to 5 July 1979. the surface. This seamount is character­ Catch ized by considerable soft sediment, an Sableflsh Crab apparent absence of rock pinnacles, No. and Avg. Depth Anopfopoma hours range type of fimbria L. couesi L. aequispina C. tanner; and extremely steep edges which plunge Seamount traps/pots on the fished to the abyssal plain. and date fished bottom (fm) no. Ib no. Ib no. Ib no. Ib Dickens 2 conical Giacomini Seamount 5/31/79- 5 rectangular 14.5 260 44 207 0 0 6/1/79 Located 40 nmi west of Quinn Sea­ Durgin 5 conical mount and approximately 198 nmi ESE 6/11/79 5 rectangular 13.5 380-390 30 150 29 24 0 0 28 19

of Cape Chiniak (Kodiak Island), Alas­ Giaco- ka, Giacomini Seamount's center is mini 16 conical 7/1179 17 rectangular 27.0 372-380 197 1.211 653 492 0 0 465 330 positioned at lat. 56°27'30"N, long. 7/4/79 8 king crab 146°24' 00" W. Giacomini rises from Patton 20 conical abyssal plain depths exceeding 2,000 6/25179 13 rectangular 21.0 200-369 128 1.014 473 378 157 188 48 50 fm to within 367 fm of the ocean 6/30/79 4 king crab surface. This seamount has a rather Pratt 8 conical 6/12/79 10 rectangular 18.0 425-450 25 125 17 17 0 0 33 25 symmetrical flat-topped shape com­ 6/13179 prised of about 20 nmi 2 of surface area Quinn 13 conical at depths primarily of 370-400 fm. The 6/18/79 13 rectangular 220 398-475 202 1.537 95 90 0 183 228 substrate is predominantly soft with 7/5/79 4 king crab scattered rock pi nnacles. Surveyor 32 conical 6/13/79 36 rectangular 18.0 328-395 137 924 121 95 19 19 112 103 Patton Seamount 6/17/79 Welker 6 conIcal Located 175 nmi SW of Giacomini 6/3/79- 15 rectangular 12.0 426-435 222 1.122 38 30 0 0 94 86 Seamount and approximately 166 nmi 6/5/79 SE of Cape Sitkinak (Sitkinak Island), Alaska, Patton Seamount's center is positioned at lat. 54°34'22"N, long. 150°29'30" W. Patton rises from abys­ sal plain depths exceeding 1,900 fm to Dominant species of commercial Coryphaenoides pectoralis, C. acro­ within 100 fm of the ocean surface at value were found on or near the sea­ lepis, and C. cinereus. Based on the the NE corner of the seamount's top. mount substrates rather than in mid­ trap and pot catches, there was also an The topographical features of Patton water over or adjacent to the seamounts. indication that sablefish abundance on are much different from the previously These species consisted of sablefish, the seamounts was increasing during described seamounts. The top measures Anoplopomajimbria; deep-sea red king the June-July survey period. This was 2 4 x 6 nmi; however, the 24 nmi sur­ crab, Lithodes couesi; golden king most notable on Quinn Seamount, the face area consists of an endless series of crab, L. aequispina; and snow (Tanner) only seamount revisited, where initial rocky mountain peaks and canyons crab, Chionoecetes tanneri. The distri­ 18 June sablefish catches produced 30 ranging from 100 to 500 fm depths. bution and relative abundance of these fish weighing 210 pounds from nine Areas at depths less than 200 fm are species was most adequately assessed traps during a 20-hour period on the primarily mountain peaks. Areas of by trap and pot gear. Table 1 summa­ bottom (soak) (1.2 poundsltrap per relatively flat and soft substrate are rizes sablefish and crab catches in hour), compared with 4 and 5 July uncommon but occur mainly over the weight and numbers by seamount. catches of 172 sablefish weighing 1,327 southwest quadrant. Sablefish, which is a dominant pounds from 19 traps during a 23-hour demersal species of the lower continen­ soak (3 _0 pounds/trap per hour). tal shelf and upper slope throughout the Essentially all sablefish captured Seamount Fish and Gulf of Alaska, appeared from trap and were ripe, spawning, or recently spent. Shellfish Resources pot catches to be the dominant finfish of Males outnumbered females by over The survey of fish and shellfish re­ each seamount's com­ 2: l. The length composition of 653 sources associated with the seamounts munity. Although bottom trawling was males and 310 females sampled from yielded considerable information of generally ineffective due to hang-up the combined seamount sablefish commercial and scientific value. Data or excessive depths, 15 bottom trawl catches is shown in Figure 2. on fish and shellfish communities were hauls on Durgin, Patton, Surveyor, While the occurrence and abundance obtained from all seamounts except and Welker Seamounts also produced of sablefish on the seamounts were not Applequist, where the topography pre­ catches dominated in weight by sable­ surprising due to their abundance at vented use of traps and bottom trawling. fish, with lesser amounts of rattails: similar depths on the adjacent continen-

Januaty /98/ 29 and Patton Seamounts generally pro­ 15 SABLE FISH duced low quantities of noncommer­ cially valuable species but did produce catches representing a wide species diversity of considerable scientific ~ 10 interest. Table 2 lists those species 0; ..s- obtained by respective seamount depth u>­ zones sampled. Perhaps the rarest fish c :J obtained was the winged spookfish, '"cr ~ 5 sp., previously known u. only from one specimen in the North Pacific which was obtained at ocean station "Papa" (Jat. 50° N, long. 145°W) in September 1969 (Hart, 50 60 70 80 90 100 1973). Hart further noted the specimen Fork length (em) obtained at ocean station Papa probably represented an undescribed species, Figure 2. -Length-frequency distribution and sex ratio of sablefish obtained from collective catches on eight seamounts in the Gulf of that it probably represented the largest Alaska during 31 May-4 July 1979. specimen of the genus captured (154 mm TL) and that the genus is repre­ sented by a few rare species, mostly from the Atlantic Ocean. During the seamount survey, five spookfish, rang­ tal shelf and slope in the Gulf of substrate as well as the shallowest ing in length from 130 to 200 mm FL Alaska, the occurrence, abundance, depths fished, supported the most dense were obtained from a midwater tow and species diversity of crab on the and diversified crab community. Fig­ over Quinn Seamount at depths of 300­ seamounts were unexpected. This is ure 3 summarizes the size composition 310 fm on 19 June 1979. An additional best illustrated by comparing seamount by sex and percentage sex composition specimen measuring 200 mm FL was crab catches with those obtained from obtained from the collective seamount obtained from Patton Seamount 26 nearly identical trap gear on the south­ crab catches. Many females of each June 1979 at midwater depths of eastern Alaska and crab species were carrying maturing 285-305 fm. slope waters to assess sablefish stock clutches of eggs. A second species of the spookfish abundance. In addition to gear simi­ The underwater camera system suc­ family captured during the seamount larities, the survey off southeastern cessfully photographed crab popula­ survey was the barreleye, Macropinna Alaska was conducted at lat. 54°_58°N tions on the seamounts (Fig. 4). This microstoma, which Hart (1973) de­ which spans the seamount locations, system was used five times, once on scribed as an uncommon species oc­ covers a similar depth range (150-450 Patton Seamount and twice each on curring from northern Baja California fm), and was conducted during June Giacomini and Quinn Seamounts. to the Gulf of Alaska. The largest and July of 1978 and 1979. During the Trawl sampling of the seamount specimen previously reported was 44 1978 -79 survey off southeastern Alas­ communities was intended primarily mm in length. Sixteen barreleye rang­ ka, 1,500 trap catches produced 62 to target on acoustically detected fish ing in length from 60 to 140 mm FL deep-sea red king crab, 0 golden king concentrations. However, extensive were obtained on Surveyor and Quinn crab, and 143 snow (Tanner) crab. By acoustic soundings of the water col­ Seamounts. All specimens were cap­ comparison, 232 seamount trap-pot umns above and adjacent to the sea­ tured in bottom trawl or zone I mid­ catches (Table I) produced 1,434 deep­ mounts, as well as near the seamounts' water trawl hauls. sea red king crab, 177 golden king crab, substrates, failed to locate notable fish Specimens of the uncommon species and 963 snow (Tanner) crab. concentrations. Accordingly, trawling included in Table 2 have been lodged at Comparing catches between sea­ was conducted on bottom and in three the University of Washington's College mounts, the deep-sea red king crab midwater zones (zone 1 at 300-340 fm; of Fisheries museum for further study. displayed the widest distribution oc­ zone 2 at 90-235 fm; and zone 3 at 7-18 Summary and Conclusions curring on all seamounts, followed by fm) in an attempt to sample the apparent snow (Tanner) crab which was obtained low density of acoustically undetected Survey of the nine Gulf of Alaska on seven of the eight seamounts, and organisms near bottom and within the seamounts has provided descriptive the golden king crab which occurred on . information on each seamount size, only Dickens, Patton, and Surveyor Catches resulting from the 15 bottom topographical characteristics, and as­ Seamounts. Patton Seamount, which hauls and 17 midwater hauls completed sociated pelagic and demersal fish and provided the most rocky and irregular on and over Dickens, Surveyor, Quinn, shellfish resources.

30 Marine Fisheries Review Although the crest of Applequist Seamount rises steeply to a terminal sin­ gle peak, the crests of Dickens, Welker, 25 Durgin, Pratt, Surveyor, Quinn, Gia­ DEEP SEA RED KING CRAB comini, and Patton Seamounts are 20 c., rather flat and range in size from IO to u 2 ~ 70 nmi • Hence, these seamounts, with 15 u>­ the exception of Patton which has a c ~ 10 highly irregular crest, might be more C' ~ proper! y termed "gyotes." u. Except for the predominantly rocky 5 and irregular crest on Patton, the crests of the remaining seven seamounts or gyotes are generally composed of soft 55-59 65-69 75·79 85-89 95·99 105·109 115·119 125-129 135-139 Carapace length (mm) substrate with scattered rock pinnacles rising 5-20 fm above the tops. The presence of such pinnacles hampered the effectiveness of bottom trawling for demersal fauna, while traps and pots 30 proved to be effective gear for sampling demersal fish and shellfish resources on GOLDEN KING CRAB the substrates encountered. 25 Commercially valuable species en­ ~ 20 countered (sablefish, deep-sea red u :;; king crab, golden king crab, and snow .3- (Tanner) crab) were members of the ~ 15 c., demersal faunal community. The pe­ ::J ~ 10 lagic community consisted of low u. densities of noncommercially valuable squid and small bathypelagic fishes and 5 immature salmon. Catches obtained by traps indicated sufficient sablefish densities to support 75-79 85-89 95-99 105-109 115-119 125-129 135-139 Carapace length (mm) commercial harvest of this species us­ ing either traps or longline gear as presently fished on the adjacent con­ tinental shelf and slope areas in the Gulf of Alaska and the northeast Pacific 40 coast. More detailed and quantitative resource assessment surveys would be 35 SNOW (TANNER) CRAB required to determine the magnitude of this resource and its potential annual 30 sustained yield. Also, while sablefish C., encountered on the seamounts were in .,10 25 spawning condition, it is not known .3- >- u 20 whether this population represents a .,c ::J self-sustaining resident stock indepen­ C' ~ dent of the coastal stock. u. 15

10

5 Figure 3. -Carapace size composition and sex ratios of deep-sea red king crab, golden king crab, and snow (Tanner) crab obtained 75-79 85-89 95-99 105-109115-119125-129135-139145-149155-159165-169 from collective trap and pot catches on Carapace width Imm) eight seamounts in the Gulf of Alaska during 31 May-4 July 1979.

January 1981 31 Figure 4.-Deep-sea red king crab and snow (Tanner) crab on Giacomini Seamount at 377 fm, 3 July 1979. Several are feeding on organisms obtained on or under the soft substrate. (NMFS photo by Paul Raymore.)

The OCCurrence and apparent signifi­ may represent numerous extensions to with"AI" for many years prior to this cant densities of king and snow crab on known geographic distributions and survey and to join him on his last cruise the seamounts were unexpected and size composition. as a fishery biologist with the Northwest proved to be a notable discovery of and Alaska Fisheries Center. Acknowledgments the survey. Due to the commercial Thanks are also expressed to Olf value of these species, it may be desir­ For many years prior to his December Austenberg, Captain of the chartered able to conduct further quantitative 1979 retirement as Assistant Director of vessel Sunset Bay, and his crew for ex­ studies of their distribution, abundance, the National Marine Fisheries Service's cellent cooperation during the survey. and life history. Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center, Studies are continuing on the col­ Alonzo T. Pruter had planned to con­ lections of rare and uncommon fish, duct an exploratory survey of fishery squid, , and shrimp, presently resources associated with seamounts in at the University of Washington's Col­ the Gulf of Alaska. This study was lege of Fisheries. These collections are conducted primarily as a result of his of considerable scientific value and interest. It was my pleasure to work

32 Marine Fisheries Review Table 2.-Fish, , and cephalopods obtained by trawl on and over five seamounts in the Gulf of Alaska. 8T signifies bottom trawl, MT1 signifies midwater trawl at depth of 300-340 fm, MT2 signifies midwater trawl at depth of 90-235 fm, and MT3 signifies midwater trawl at depth of 7-18 fm. (") = bottom trawl that may not have been on bottom at all times.

Seamounts Seamounts Species Dickens Welker Durgin Surveyor Quinn Patton Species Dickens Welker Durgin Surveyor Quinn Patton Fish Pleuronectidae Anoplopomatidae Embassichthys bathybius BT BT Anoplopoma fimbria BT BT BT BT Salmonidae Oncorhynchus gorbuscha MT3 MT3 Nansenia candida O. keta MT3 MT3 MT3 argentine MTl MTl O. nerka MT3 MT3 Bathylagidae Scopelarchidae Bathy/agus milleri BT" BT BT" BT MTI MTl MTl Benthalbella dentata BT MTI MTI MTl B. pacificus deep BT MTI MTI MTI Scopelosauridae Leuroglossus stil- sea Scopelosaurus harryi MTl MTI MTI bius schmidti smelt MTI MTI MTl Scorpaenidae Chauliodontidae Sebast%bus a/tivelis BT BT BT BT Chauliodus macouni MT2 BT" BT BT" BT {B~~~1 MTI MTI MT2 Searsidae Cyclopteridae Sagamichthys abei MTI MT1 Aptocyclus ventricosus BT {MTl MTI MT2 Zaproridae MT3 Icosteidae Zaprora silenus MT3 MT3 Icosteus aenigmaticus BT" Zoarcidae Macrouridae BT Bothrocara remigerum BT Coryphaenoides acrolepsis BT BT BT C. cinereus BT BT BT MTI BT Invertebrates C. pectoralis BT BT BT BT MTI Lithodidae Melamphaeidae Uthodes aequespina BT Poromitra crassiceps BT BT" BT BT MTI L. couesi BT BT BT Me/amphaes lugubris BT BT'BT BT MTl MTl Majidae Melanostomiatidae Chionoecetes tanneri BT BT Tactostoma macropus BT" BT" BT MTI MTI Bolitaenidae Moridae Japetella heathi BT' MTI MTI MTl Antimora microlepis BT BT Octopus (unidentified) MT2BT Myctophidae MT2 MT2 MT3 MT2 MTI Vampyroteuthidae Oiaphus theta MT2 BT BT' MT1 MT2 Vampyroteuthis infemalis MTl Lampanyctus regalis Chiroteuthidae MTl Protomyctophum thompsoni MT2 MTI Chiroteuthis sp. MTI MT1 Cranchiinae BT MTl Stenobrachius leucopsarus MT2 BT" BT BT" BT {MT2 BT MTl MT2 MTl Species A MTl MTI Nemichthyidae BTMTI MTI Species B MTl MTI Aricotena bowersi BT" Gonatidae BT" BT MTI MTI MTI BT Oneirodidae MTl MT2 Gonatus sp. MTI MT1 Oneirodes thompsoni BT MTI Octopoteuthidae BT MTl Opisthoproctidae Ocfopofeuthis sp. MT1 Oo/ichopteryx sp. MTI MTI Squid (unidentified) MT2 BT BT {BT MT3 MT3 BT MTI MTl MTl MT2 Oreosomatidae Pasiphaeidae Allocytus verrucosus MT2 Pasiphaeia pacificus BT BT" BT BT MTl MTl MTI Paralepididae Mysidae Notolepis rissoi rissoi MTI MTl Gnathophausia gigas MTI MTI MTl

Literature Cited Serv., Fish. Facts-7, 20 p. Takahashi, T.. and T. Sasaki. 1977. Kitataiheiyo Larina, N. !. 1975. Podvodnye gory tikhogo chubu kaizan ni okeru toraru gyogya (Trawl okeana (Seamounts of the Pacific Ocean). [In fishery in the central North Pacific seamounts). Russ., Eng!. summ.] Okeanologiya 15:89-94. [In lpn.] Far Fish. Res. Lab., Shimizu, Hart, l. L. 1973. Pacific fishes of Canada. Fish. (Trans!. in Oceanology 15:62-66, 1976.) lpn., Northern waters groundfish fisheries­ Res. Board Can., Bull. 180,740 p. Sasaki, T. 1978. The progress and present status Data(3),45 p. (Translated by T. Otsu, 1977,49 Hipkins, F W. 1974. A trapping system for har­ of the seamount fishing ground development p.; avai!. Southwest Fish. Cent., Honolulu vesting sablefish Anoplopoma fimbria. U. S. program. Bull. lpn. Soc. Fish. Oceanogr. Lab., Nat!. Mar. Fish. Serv., NOAA, P. O. Box Dep. Commer., NOAA, Nat!. Mar. Fish. 33:51-53. 3830, Honolulu, HI 96812, as Trans!. 22.)

January /98/ 33