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Island Biology Island Biology
IIssllaanndd bbiioollooggyy Allan Sørensen Allan Timmermann, Ana Maria Martín González Camilla Hansen Camille Kruch Dorte Jensen Eva Grøndahl, Franziska Petra Popko, Grete Fogtmann Jensen, Gudny Asgeirsdottir, Hubertus Heinicke, Jan Nikkelborg, Janne Thirstrup, Karin T. Clausen, Karina Mikkelsen, Katrine Meisner, Kent Olsen, Kristina Boros, Linn Kathrin Øverland, Lucía de la Guardia, Marie S. Hoelgaard, Melissa Wetter Mikkel Sørensen, Morten Ravn Knudsen, Pedro Finamore, Petr Klimes, Rasmus Højer Jensen, Tenna Boye Tine Biedenweg AARHUS UNIVERSITY 2005/ESSAYS IN EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY Teachers: Bodil K. Ehlers, Tanja Ingversen, Dave Parker, MIchael Warrer Larsen, Yoko L. Dupont & Jens M. Olesen 1 C o n t e n t s Atlantic Ocean Islands Faroe Islands Kent Olsen 4 Shetland Islands Janne Thirstrup 10 Svalbard Linn Kathrin Øverland 14 Greenland Eva Grøndahl 18 Azores Tenna Boye 22 St. Helena Pedro Finamore 25 Falkland Islands Kristina Boros 29 Cape Verde Islands Allan Sørensen 32 Tristan da Cunha Rasmus Højer Jensen 36 Mediterranean Islands Corsica Camille Kruch 39 Cyprus Tine Biedenweg 42 Indian Ocean Islands Socotra Mikkel Sørensen 47 Zanzibar Karina Mikkelsen 50 Maldives Allan Timmermann 54 Krakatau Camilla Hansen 57 Bali and Lombok Grete Fogtmann Jensen 61 Pacific Islands New Guinea Lucía de la Guardia 66 2 Solomon Islands Karin T. Clausen 70 New Caledonia Franziska Petra Popko 74 Samoa Morten Ravn Knudsen 77 Tasmania Jan Nikkelborg 81 Fiji Melissa Wetter 84 New Zealand Marie S. Hoelgaard 87 Pitcairn Katrine Meisner 91 Juan Fernandéz Islands Gudny Asgeirsdottir 95 Hawaiian Islands Petr Klimes 97 Galápagos Islands Dorthe Jensen 102 Caribbean Islands Cuba Hubertus Heinicke 107 Dominica Ana Maria Martin Gonzalez 110 Essay localities 3 The Faroe Islands Kent Olsen Introduction The Faroe Islands is a treeless archipelago situated in the heart of the warm North Atlantic Current on the Wyville Thompson Ridge between 61°20’ and 62°24’ N and between 6°15’ and 7°41’ W. -
Radiocarbon Ages of Lacustrine Deposits in Volcanic Sequences of the Lomas Coloradas Area, Socorro Island, Mexico
Radiocarbon Ages of Lacustrine Deposits in Volcanic Sequences of the Lomas Coloradas Area, Socorro Island, Mexico Item Type Article; text Authors Farmer, Jack D.; Farmer, Maria C.; Berger, Rainer Citation Farmer, J. D., Farmer, M. C., & Berger, R. (1993). Radiocarbon ages of lacustrine deposits in volcanic sequences of the Lomas Coloradas area, Socorro Island, Mexico. Radiocarbon, 35(2), 253-262. DOI 10.1017/S0033822200064924 Publisher Department of Geosciences, The University of Arizona Journal Radiocarbon Rights Copyright © by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona. All rights reserved. Download date 28/09/2021 10:52:25 Item License http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Version Final published version Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/653375 [RADIOCARBON, VOL. 35, No. 2, 1993, P. 253-262] RADIOCARBON AGES OF LACUSTRINE DEPOSITS IN VOLCANIC SEQUENCES OF THE LOMAS COLORADAS AREA, SOCORRO ISLAND, MEXICO JACK D. FARMERI, MARIA C. FARMER2 and RAINER BERGER3 ABSTRACT. Extensive eruptions of alkalic basalt from low-elevation fissures and vents on the southern flank of the dormant volcano, Cerro Evermann, accompanied the most recent phase of volcanic activity on Socorro Island, and created 14C the Lomas Coloradas, a broad, gently sloping terrain comprising the southern part of the island. We obtained ages of 4690 ± 270 BP (5000-5700 cal BP) and 5040 ± 460 BP (5300-6300 cal BP) from lacustrine deposits that occur within volcanic sequences of the lower Lomas Coloradas. Apparently, the sediments accumulated within a topographic depression between two scoria cones shortly after they formed. The lacustrine environment was destroyed when the cones were breached by headward erosion of adjacent stream drainages. -
Parque Nacional Revillagigedo
EVALUATION REPORT Parque Nacional Revillagigedo Location: Revillagigedo Archipelago, Mexico, Eastern Pacific Ocean Blue Park Status: Nominated (2020), Evaluated (2021) MPAtlas.org ID: 68808404 Manager(s): Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas (CONANP) MAPS 2 1. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA 1.1 Biodiversity Value 4 1.2 Implementation 8 2. AWARD STATUS CRITERIA 2.1 Regulations 11 2.2 Design, Management, and Compliance 13 3. SYSTEM PRIORITIES 3.1 Ecosystem Representation 18 3.2 Ecological Spatial Connectivity 18 SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: Evidence of MPA Effects 19 Figure 1: Revillagigedo National Park, located 400 km south of Mexico’s Baja peninsula, covers 148,087 km2 and includes 3 zone types – Research (solid blue), Tourism (dotted), and Traditional Use/Naval (lined) – all of which ban all extractive activities. It is partially surrounded by the Deep Mexican Pacific Biosphere Reserve (grey) which protects the water column below 800 m. All 3 zones of the National Park are shown in the same shade of dark blue, reflecting that they all have Regulations Based Classification scores ≤ 3, corresponding with a fully protected status (see Section 2.1 for more information about the regulations associated with these zones). (Source: MPAtlas, Marine Conservation Institute) 2 Figure 2: Three-dimensional map of the Revillagigedo Marine National Park shows the bathymetry around Revillagigedo’s islands. (Source: Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, 2018) 3 1.1 Eligibility Criteria: Biodiversity Value (must satisfy at least one) 1.1.1. Includes rare, unique, or representative ecosystems. The Revillagigedo Archipelago is comprised of a variety of unique ecosystems, due in part to its proximity to the convergence of five tectonic plates. -
Archipiélago De Revillagigedo
LATIN AMERICA / CARIBBEAN ARCHIPIÉLAGO DE REVILLAGIGEDO MEXICO Manta birostris in San Benedicto - © IUCN German Soler Mexico - Archipiélago de Revillagigedo WORLD HERITAGE NOMINATION – IUCN TECHNICAL EVALUATION ARCHIPIÉLAGO DE REVILLAGIGEDO (MEXICO) – ID 1510 IUCN RECOMMENDATION TO WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE: To inscribe the property under natural criteria. Key paragraphs of Operational Guidelines: Paragraph 77: Nominated property meets World Heritage criteria (vii), (ix) and (x). Paragraph 78: Nominated property meets integrity and protection and management requirements. 1. DOCUMENTATION (2014). Evaluación de la capacidad de carga para buceo en la Reserva de la Biosfera Archipiélago de a) Date nomination received by IUCN: 16 March Revillagigedo. Informe Final para la Direción de la 2015 Reserva de la Biosiera, CONANP. La Paz, B.C.S. 83 pp. Martínez-Gomez, J. E., & Jacobsen, J.K. (2004). b) Additional information officially requested from The conservation status of Townsend's shearwater and provided by the State Party: A progress report Puffinus auricularis auricularis. Biological Conservation was sent to the State Party on 16 December 2015 116(1): 35-47. Spalding, M.D., Fox, H.E., Allen, G.R., following the IUCN World Heritage Panel meeting. The Davidson, N., Ferdaña, Z.A., Finlayson, M., Halpern, letter reported on progress with the evaluation process B.S., Jorge, M.A., Lombana, A., Lourie, S.A., Martin, and sought further information in a number of areas K.D., McManus, E., Molnar, J., Recchia, C.A. & including the State Party’s willingness to extend the Robertson, J. (2007). Marine ecoregions of the world: marine no-take zone up to 12 nautical miles (nm) a bioregionalization of coastal and shelf areas. -
The Status of Clipperton Atoll Under International Law, and the Right to Fish in Its Surrounding Waters
.. ~ The Status of Clipperton Atoll Under International Law, and the Right to Fish in Its Surrounding Waters by Jon M. Van Dyke 2515 Dole Street Honolulu, Hawai'i 96822 [email protected] May 15,2006 Introduction. Remote and tiny Clipperton Atoll is 1,120 kilometers southwest of Mexico. 1 Its land area forms a circle with an average width of about 200 meters and a circumference of about 12 kilometers, making up about 1.6 square kilometers of land area. If its stagnant brackish-water interior lagoon is also included it measures about six square kilometers, 12 times larger than the size of The Mall in Washington, D.C? The Atoll had been located earlier by Spanish navigators, but was named after the English pirate John Clipperton who was said to have hidden there in 1705 with 21 other mutineers.3 The French claim of sovereignty over Clipperton is based on a visit to the atoll in November 1858 by the merchant ship L 'Amiral, operated by a French shipowner named Lockhart and carrying the French Lieutenant Victor Ie Coat de Kerveguen who was authorized by Napoleon III to assert sovereignty over guano islands.4 The crew landed, after considerable difficulty, in a small boat, sampled the guano deposits (finding that they were not rich in phosphates), and left no permanent plaque on shore. When L 'Amiral arrived in Honolulu, Hawaii the next month, its crew published a IU.S. Central Intelligence Agency, Clipperton Island in THE WORLD FACTBOOK, <http://www.cia.gov/ciaJpublications/factbookigeos/ip.html> (site visited May 9, 2006). -
Marjorie L. Reaka and Raymond B. Manning
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MARINE SCIENCES • NUMBER 7 The Distributional Ecology and Zoogeographical Relationships of Stomatopod Crustacea from Pacific Costa Rica Marjorie L. Reaka and Raymond B. Manning Oil -7 1980 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS City of Washington 1980 The Distributional Ecology and Zoogeographical Relationships of Stomatopod Crustacea from Pacific Costa Rica Marjorie L. Reaka and Raymond B. Manning Introduction not the West Atlantic; and species in several other East Pacific stomatopod genera (Eurysquilla, Co- The biota of the East Pacific region is relatively ronida, Lysiosquilla, and Pseudosquillopsis) show clos poorly known, despite its considerable zoogeo- est affinities to species in the East Atlantic (Man graphic significance. The East Pacific has been ning, 1977). On the other hand, some species of separated from the West Atlantic region since the mollusks occur in the Atlantic and Indo-West late Miocene (Durham and Allison, 1960; Wood- Pacific, but not the East Pacific (see Woodring, ring, 1966), and, although high levels of ende- 1966; Emerson, 1978). Species of four stomatopod mism are found there, many East Pacific species genera (Bathysquilla, Odontodactylus, Alima, Pseudo- show affinities to taxa in the West Atlantic squilla) are present in the West Atlantic and Indo- (Woodring, 1966; Briggs, 1974; Manning, 1977; West Pacific, but not in the East Pacific (Man Emerson, 1978). However, some East Pacific spe ning, 1969a; Manning and Struhsaker, 1976). An cies are more closely related to taxa in the East alpheid shrimp, Alpheus paracrinitus Miers, 1881, is Atlantic than to those in the West Atlantic. For known from the Indo-West Pacific, Clipperton example, a xanthid crab, Nanocassiope melanodactyla (A. -
Curriculum Vitae
Curriculum Vitae Name: Darko Davor Cotoras Viedma Place of Birth: Santiago, Chile e-mail: [email protected] Website: https://www.calacademy.org/staff/ibss/entomology/darko-cotoras 1.- Researcher positions - February, 2018 – today: Research Associate. Entomology dept. California Academy of Sciences - April-May, 2018: Visiting Scholar. Ecology and Evolution Unit. Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology - January, 2015 – December, 2017: Post Doctoral Researcher. University of California, Santa Cruz (Advisors: Beth Shapiro and Ed Green) / California Academy of Sciences (Advisors: Charles Griswold and Brian Simison) - September-November, 2014: Junior Specialist. NSF Hawai’i Dimensions of Biodiversity project. University of California, Berkeley - January-August, 2014: Graduate Student Researcher. NSF Hawai’i Dimensions of Biodiversity project. University of California, Berkeley 2.- Education - 2009-2014: PhD Integrative Biology. University of California, Berkeley Advisors: David Lindberg - Rosemary Gillespie Dissertation: “Diversification of spiders on volcanic islands from the Pacific Ocean” - 2008-2009: Master in Biological Sciences with mention in Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Universidad de Chile (Highest distinction) Advisors: Miguel Allende – Verónica Cambiazo Thesis: “In the footsteps of Urbilateria, or Evolution of the gene network involved in appendage development in arthropods (Drosophila melanogaster) and vertebrates (Danio rerio)” - 2004-2007: Bachelor in Sciences with mention in Biology, Universidad de Chile. (Highest distinction. Promotion ranking: 1st. Final grade: 6,5 been 7,0 the maximum) Research internships: Zebrafish developmental biology lab (Miguel Allende) and Evolutionary ecology lab (Rodrigo Medel) - 1991-2003: Colegio San Ignacio (Santiago, Chile) 3.- Research interests Island Biogeography, Phylogenetics, Population Genetics, Paleogenomics and Evolutionary Developmental Biology (EvoDevo). 4.- Grants, fellowships and awards - 2016: Percy Sladen Memorial Fund. -
Laysan and Black-Footed Albatross Nesting Pairs at All Known Breeding Sites (Data from USFWS Unpublished Data Except As Noted Below)
A Conservation Action Plan for Black-footed Albatross (Phoebastria nigripes) and Laysan Albatross (P. immutabilis) Photograph by Marc D. Romano, USFWS Version 1.0 Contributors This Conservation Action Plan was compiled by Maura B. Naughton, Marc D. Romano and Tara S. Zimmerman, but it could not have been accomplished without the guidance, support, and input of the workshop participants and additional contributors that assisted with the development and review of this plan. Contributors included Joe Arceneaux, Greg Balogh, Jeremy Bisson, Louise Blight, John Burger, John Cusick, Kim Dietrich, Ann Edwards, Lyle Enriquez, Myra Finkelstein, Shannon Fitzgerald, Elizabeth Flint, Holly Freifeld, Eric Gilman, Tom Goode, Aaron Hebshi, Burr Heneman, Bill Henry, Michelle Hester, Jenny Hoskins, David Hyrenbach, Bill Kendall, Irene Kinan-Kelly, John Klavitter, Kathy Kuletz, Rebecca Lewison, James Ludwig, Ed Melvin, Ken Morgan, Mark Ono, Jayme Patrick, Kim Rivera, Scott Shaffer, Paul Sievert, David Smith, Jo Smith, Rob Suryan, Yonat Swimmer, Cynthia Vanderlip, Lewis VanFossen, Christine Volinski, Bill Wilson, Lee Ann Woodward, Lindsay Young, Stephanie Zador, Brenda Zaun, Michele Zwartjes. This version also benefited from the review and comments of Shelia Conant, John Croxall, Jaap Eijzenga, Falk Huettman, Mark Seamans, Ben Sullivan, and Jennifer Wheeler. Michelle Kappes and Scott Shaffer graciously provided access to unpublished data. Recommended Citation Naughton, M. B, M. D. Romano, T. S. Zimmerman. 2007. A Conservation Action Plan for Black-footed -
The Birds of Clipperton Island, Eastern Pacific
Sept.,1964 357 THE BIRDS OF CLIPPERTON ISLAND, EASTERN PACIFIC By KENNETH E. STAGER Although Clipperton Island has been visited by only a few ornithologists, it never- theless has been long recognized as a haven for large numbrs of oceanic birds. Clip- perton is the most easterly coral atoll in the Pacific Ocean and is situated at latitude 10” 18’N, longitude 109” 13l’W. With reference to the American mainland, the island is approximately 600 nautical miles southwest of the Mexican state of Guerrero. The nearest coral atoll to Clipperton is Pukapuka, in the eastern Tuamotus, 2300 nautical miles to the southwest. In 1958, during the International Geophysical Year, the Scripps Institution of Oceanography engaged in a number of research cruises to the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean. One of these cruises was the “Doldrums” expedition, made for the purpose of studying the Equatorial Counter Current. As an adjunct to the “Doldrums” expedition, the Scripps Institution landed a party of 13 scientists and technicians on Clipperton for the purpose of making an intensive survey of the life on the atoll. It was my privi- lege to serve as the ornithologist of this field party. The landing on Clipperton was effected from the research vessel “Spencer F. Baird” on the morning of August 7, 1958, and work was terminated on August 26, 1958. On this latter date, nine members of the field party were picked up by the “Spencer F. Baird” and taken to Panama for the return home. The other four members of the field party remained on Clipperton for an additional month to complete a program of shark studies. -
Conservation, Restoration, and Development of the Juan Fernandez Islands, Chile"
Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 74:899-910, 2001 DOCUMENT Project "Conservation, Restoration, and Development of the Juan Fernandez islands, Chile" Proyecto conservaci6n, restauraci6n y desarrollo de las islas Juan Fernandez, Chile JAIME G. CUEVAS 1 & GART VAN LEERSUM 1Corresponding author: Corporaci6n Nacional Forestal, Parque Nacional Archipielago de Juan Fernandez, Vicente Gonzalez 130, Isla Robinson Crusoe, Chile ABSTRACT From a scientific point of view, the Juan Fernandez islands contain one of the most interesting floras of the planet. Although protected as a National Park and a World Biosphere Reserve, 400 years of human interference have left deep traces in the native plant communities. Repeated burning, overexploitation of species, and the introduction of animal and plant plagues have taken 75 % of the endemic vascular flora to the verge of extinction. In 1997, Chile's national forest service (Corporaci6n Nacional Forestal, CONAF) started an ambitious project, whose objective is the recovery of this highly complex ecosystem with a socio-ecological focus. Juan Fernandez makes an interesting case, as the local people (600 persons) practically live within the park, therefore impeding the exclusion of the people from any 2 conservation program. Secondly, the relatively small size of the archipelago (100 km ) permits the observation of the effects of whatever modification in the ecosystem on small scales in time and space. Thirdly, the native and introduced biota are interrelated in such a way that human-caused changes in one species population may provoke unexpected results amongst other, non-target species. The project mainly deals with the eradication or control of some animal and plant plagues, the active conservation and restoration of the flora and the inclusion of the local people in conservation planning. -
Restoring Globally-Threatened Seabirds Strategy for Removal of Invasive Animals
Strategy and analysis to solve urgent social issues. March 5, 2008 Restoring Globally-threatened Seabirds Strategy for Removal of Invasive Animals Packard Marine Bird Program Redstone Strategy Group is a leading advisor to private foundations and non-profits worldwide. We help clients identify their highest-return investments, track and learn from results, and continually improve their efforts to solve urgent social issues. Our approach combines substantial experience across all sectors of philanthropy with deep appreciation of our clients’ knowledge and expertise. This allows us to collaborate effectively with clients as they improve their ability to achieve social good and learn from their results. Table of Contents Restoring Globally-threatened Seabirds Strategy for Removal of Invasive Animals Summary ...........................................................................................................1 1. Removing invasive animals eliminates a major threat to seabirds .....3 Invasive species threats ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������3 Benefits of invasive animal removal ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������4 2. Packard can restore 10-15 globally-threatened seabird species .........5 Program outcome and logic model ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������5 Program benefits �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������6 -
The Wild West Coast
NEW! SOUTH THEAMERICA WILD WEST COAST Transit the Panama Canal & Explore With FREE AIRFARE PLUS Iconic Experiences In Peru & Chile Wild Wonders In Patagonia & Argentina TM ABOARD NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC EXPLORER | 2015 As astonishing as the photos in National Geographic. And an exhilarating life adventure: A Lindblad-National Geographic expedition— a complete experience in a thrilling geography. TM Lindblad Expeditions and National Geographic have joined forces to further inspire the world through expedition travel. Our collaboration in exploration, research, technology and conservation will provide extraordinary travel experi- ences and disseminate geographic knowledge around the globe. Cover photo: Rockhopper penguins. This page: Guanaco, Torres Del Paine National Park, Patagonia. ©Ralph Lee Hopkins Ship’s registry: Bahamas Dear Traveler, As we were making plans for the National Geographic Explorer for October and November, 2015, at one point we all looked at each other with the same realization: the west coast of South America offers so many different experiences, so many rich cultures, so many great landscapes, and so much nature that it’s a natural place for us to go. We’ve explored some of these regions not infrequently in the past, but it’s been a number of years since we were last there. So the decision was made—and the result is a set of plans that I hope will intrigue and delight you. We’ll take advantage of the Explorer’s capabilities as an expedition ship to go to many extraordinary places that would otherwise be difficult to reach (and virtually impossible to combine in one journey). And we’ll explore in depth in the company of an expedition team that will make all the difference in the world.