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Phylogeny, Ontogeny and Distribution of the Ribbonfishes (Lampridiformes: Trachipteridae)

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Phylogeny, Ontogeny and Distribution of the Ribbonfishes (Lampridiformes: Trachipteridae) W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 2015 Phylogeny, Ontogeny and Distribution of the Ribbonfishes (Lampridiformes: Trachipteridae) Jennifer M. Martin College of William & Mary - Virginia Institute of Marine Science Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Developmental Biology Commons, Evolution Commons, and the Zoology Commons Recommended Citation Martin, Jennifer M., "Phylogeny, Ontogeny and Distribution of the Ribbonfishes (Lampridiformes: Trachipteridae)" (2015). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539616922. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.25773/v5-fe3a-yf15 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Phylogeny, Ontogeny and Distribution of the Ribbonfishes (Lampridiformes: Trachipteridae) A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the School of Marine Science The College of William & Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Jennifer M. Martin 2015 APPROVAL SHEET This dissertation is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy ennifer M. Martin Approved, by the Committee, April 2015 ic J. Hilton, Ph.D. Committee Chairman/Advisor f I y / _______ Richard W. rfrill, Ph.D. IS iiL kJM Peter Van Veld, Ph.D. _ _ /illiam ^Richards, Ph.D. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Tracqy Sutton, Ph.D. Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale-Davie, Florida DEDICATION To the memory of Dr. John E. Olney, my mentor and friend. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS..................................................................................................vi LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................................... viii LIST OF FIGURES............................................................................................................. ix DISSERTATION ABSTRACT.............................................................................................xi INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................ .... 2 Phylogenetic Relationships of Trachipteridae within the Lampridiformes................................................................................................... 2 Taxonomy and Evolutionary Relationships within the Trachipteridae......................................................................................................3 CHAPTER 1: A TAXONOMIC REVIEW OF THE FAMILY TRACHIPTERIDAE (LAMPRIDIFORMES)........................................................................................................9 Introduction......................................................................................................... 9 Materials Examined .............................................................................................12 Methods................................................................................................................ 12 Results and Discussion........................................................................................ 13 Trachipteridae......................................................................................... 13 Key to the genera of family Trachipteridae.........................................15 Trachipterus............................................................................................. 15 Zu............................................................................................................... 40 Desmodema.............................................................................................. 62 CHAPTER 2: PHYLOGENY OF TRACHIPTERIDAE (LAMPRIDIFORMES)................. 82 Introduction..........................................................................................................82 Evolutionary Relationships within Trachipteridae............................85 Evolutionary Relationships among Lampridiform Genera...............86 Materials and Methods....................................................................................... 89 Taxonomic Sampling.............................................................................. 89 Specimen and Character Examination................................................. 90 Phylogenetic Analysis.............................................................................90 Results................................................................................................................... 91 Phylogenetic Results...............................................................................91 Character Support...................................................................................91 Alternative Placements of Eumecichthys.............................................96 Character Descriptions and Distribution.............................................97 Discussion.............................................................................................................146 Intrarelationships of Taeniosomoidei................................................. 149 Familial Monophylyand Placement ofEumecichthys ........................151 Classification of Lampridiformes..........................................................152 TABLES.............................................................................................................................. 154 FIGURES............................................................................................................................ 155 APPENDICES.....................................................................................................................196 iv LITERATURE CITED....................................................................................................... 207 VITA.................................................................................................................................. 217 v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS To Dr. Eric Hilton, thank you for welcoming me into your lab and for supporting my research plans. Your continued guidance, advice, and, most of all, patience have greatly helped me to complete this dissertation. To Dr. Bill Richards, thank you for your generosity and willingness to share your expertise. Your guidance has been so influential and your support so encouraging. It has been an honor to work with you. I would like to thank committee members, Drs. Rich Brill, Pete Van Veld and Tracey Sutton for their interest in my research. Your comments, encouragement and patience are greatly appreciated. I am indebted to numerous natural history collections for access to specimens. Those 1 was fortunate enough to visit include the Australian Museum (Sydney), Queen Victoria Museum (Tasmania), CSIRO National Fish Collection (Tasmania), National Museum of New Zealand (Wellington), National Museum of Nature and Science (Tokyo), Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History (Kanagawa), Hokkaido University Museum (Hakodate), Natural History Museum (London), National Museum of Ireland (Dublin), Museum of Comparative Zoology (Cambridge), Bishop Museum (Honolulu), and National Museum of Natural History (Washington DC). Though the curators, collection managers and technicians for their expertise, assistance, Dr. Jeff Leis, Mark McGrouther, Alistair Graham, Dr. Kunio Amaoka, Dr. Gento Shinohara, Andrew McDowall, Dr. Keiichi Matsuura, Dr. Dave Johnson, and Dr. Hisashi Imamura. A very special thank you to Dr. Hiroshi Senou (KPM)- a perfect Trachipterus, an amazing collection, and a fresh Regalecus\ Without my interactions with you, this dissertation would not be the same. Funding for this research was provided by the National Science Foundation, East Asia and Pacific Program, National Science Foundation, Women in Scientific Education Program, Virginia Community College Chancellor’s Faculty Fellowship, Center for Ocean Science Education Excellence, Australian Museum, Kanagawa Prefectural Museum, National Museum of New Zealand, Reves International Research Grant (W&M), and a Student Research Grant (VIMS). I am grateful for the financial support and the opportunities the funding provided. Thank you. To my friends and colleagues in the Hilton Lab and throughout VIMS, Alison Deary, Todd Clardy, Casey Dillman, Peter Konstantinidis, Adela Roa-Varon, Cindy Marin Martinez, Nalani Schnell, Filipe Ribeiro, Katie Laumann, Lauren Nys, CJ Sweetman, Kristene Parsons, Amy Then, Andre Buchheister, Kathryn Sobocinski...thank you all, for everything. A big thank you to the Hargis Library staff for the many old and obscure references they were able to track down. And to numerous polyglots for help in translation, specifically P. Konstantinidis, F. Ribeiro, P. Warth, and S. Peng. I thank Dr. A1 Savitzky for the encouragement to continue in science, Dr. Bruce Collette for getting me hooked on fishes in Bermuda and Dr. Don Bartholomay for continual support, friendship, encouragement and guidance. Most importantly, I thank my family. Your support and encouragement made it all possible. Mom, your willingness to do whatever needed to be done means more than you know and I am forever grateful for your help and love. To my son, Barrett, your curiosity
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